2020-2022

0ne-sample sign test and MWW

ranksum tests & criteria
HME 712

2020-2022
Prepared and presented by:
BV Girdler-Brown
©University of Pretoria Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. All rights reserved

Introduction
These NP tests are t-test analogues

During this slide show we will cover:

I:
 The context and criteria for the one-sample sign test
 The logic behind the one-sample sign test

II:
 The context and criteria for the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon ranksum test
 The logic behind the MWW ranksum test

HME 712 Week 4: 2020-2022

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The context and criteria for the one-sample sign test

Parametric analogue: single sample t-test

Context:
Single sample test H0: median of var1 = GS vs.
Analogous to single sample t-test HA: median of var1 > GS; or
Criteria:
Data must be ordinal
H0: median of var1 = GS vs.
Any sample size acceptable HA: median of var1 < GS; or

H0: median of var1 = GS vs.

<signtest variable = GS> HA: median of var1 ! = GS

HME 712 Week 4: 2020-2022

The logic behind the one-sample sign test

If you use Google: most entries are for two sample sign tests; we cover them later

Each value is compared to the Gold Standard

If it is higher than the GS it is assigned a + sign

If it is lower than the GS it is assigned a - sign

If H0 true then the number of + should = number of -

Binomial probability distribution used to work out the probability of the observed
result if H0 true.

HME 712 Week 4: 2020-2022

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The context and criteria for the MWW ranksum test

Parametric analogue: Student’s t-test (independent samples, variances =)

Context:
Two sample test
Analogous to Student’s t-test

Criteria:
Data must be at least ordinal
Sample variances must be equal
Sample frequency histograms must be same shape
<ranksum varordinal, by(varbinary)>

At least one sample must be >12; otherwise a small sample manual calculation is advised

HME 712 Week 4: 2020-2022

The logic behind the MWW ranksum test

All the observations are ranked form low to high (or vice versa)
The ranks of those in the first group are added to a sum of ranks
The ranks of those in the second group are added to a sum of ranks

If H0 true then the sum (grp 1) should be the same as the sum (group 2)

If they are not the same Stata calculates p the probability of obtaining the observed
difference by chance if H0 is true

If p > 0.05 we fail to reject H0; if p ≤ 0.05 we reject H0

HME 712 Week 4: 2020-2022

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Thank You