HISTORY OF

MEDICAL
TECHNNOLOGY
PROFESSION
Principles of Medical Technology Science Practice 1
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Discuss the history of medical technology in a global context;
2. Identify the important personalities that played significant
roles in the progress of the medical technology profession;
and
3. Cite inventions and innovations in the medical technology
field.
 HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN A GLOBAL
CONTEXT
HIPPOCRATES
• _______________________
• Author of Hippocratic Oath
• Advocated the tasting of urine, listening to
the lungs, and observing outward appearances
in the diagnosis of disease.
• Bubbles, blood, and pus in urine indicated
kidney disease and chronic illness.
• urine was a "filtrate" of the four humors
 GALEN
• A Greek Physician and Philosopher, instigated a
rudimentary and qualitative assessment of
disorder through measurement of body fluids (also
called the four humors blood, phlegm, yellow bile,
black bile) in relation to seasons.
- Described diabetes as “diarrhea of urine” and
establish a relationship between fluid intake and
urine volume.
Medieval Europe
- Diagnosis by water casting (uroscopy) was widely practiced.
- Patients submit their urine and physicians who failed to
examine urine were subjected to public beatings
900 AD
• First book of urine
11 th century 18 th century
• - Mechanical techniques and cadaver
• - Medical practitioners were not allowed to dissection were used
conduct physical examination of the
patient’s body. They relied on the patient’s
description of the symptoms and their
observations
 th
19 century
• - Physicians begun using machine for diagnosis or therapeutics
• - Chemistry become pivotal in the diagnosis of diabetes, anemia, diphtheria, and syphilis
JOHN HUTCHINSON
JULES HERRISON
STETHOSCOPE
•1816
•Used to acquire
information about the
lungs and heartbeats
•______________
MICROSCOPE
•1840
•_____________________
OPHTHALMOSCOP
E
•1850
•______________________
LARYNGOSCOPE
• Devised by _______________using two mirrors to
observe the throat and larynx
X-RAY
•Invented by __________________ when
he discovered by accident that radiation
could penetrate solid objects of low
density; allowed physicians to view the
inside of the body without surgery; used to
diagnose pneumonia, pleurisy, and
tuberculosis since WWII
What happens if a pregnant woman was
exposed to extremely high-dose of
radiation?
ELECTROCARDIO
GRAM
KENNY METHOD
• Served as the pioneering work for modern
physical therapy ; devised by
______________in the treatment of polio (was
called infantile paralysis) using hot packs and
muscle manipulation;
DRINKER
RESPIRATO
R
• Invented by
_____________to
help patients with
paralytic anterior
poliomyelitis
recover normal
respirator.
HEART
LUNG
MACHINE
Cardiopulmonary
bypass (CPB) is a
technique in which a
machine temporarily
takes over the
function of the heart
and lungs during
surgery, maintaining
the circulation of
blood and the oxygen
content of
the patient's body.
-_________________
__
MID 1800’S
• Chemical experts organized laboratories designed for analyzing medical specimens.
MID 1900’S
• Technical laboratories regulated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began to be
used for medical diagnostics in the US.
ELECTRON
MICROSCOPY
• Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska, used for
visualization of small cells including tumor
cells.
TOMOGRAPHY
• ____________________
developed a technique
for displaying a
representation of a cross
section through a human
body or other solid object
using X rays or
ultrasound.
Magnetic
Resonance
Imaging (MRI)
• Raymond Damadian, a medical
doctor, and research scientist
discovered the basis for using
magnetic resonance imaging. It
is an imaging technique that
uses a magnetic field and
computer-generated radio waves
to create detailed images of the
organs and tissues in your body
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
SPANISH ERA
EARLY HOSPITALS
1565- HOSPITAL REAL IN CEBU
It was relocated to the Manila to accompany the government. The hospital aimed to nurse the Spanish army and
navy, those inflicted with disease, and military casualties.
1578- SAN LAZARO HOSPITAL
It was built for poor and lepers.
1641- HOSPITAL DE SAN JUAN DE DIOS
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
University of Santo Tomas (1611)

1871: ______________________________
JOURNALS OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE
Boletin de Medicina (1886)
Revista Farmaceutica de Filipinas (1893)
Cronicas de Ciencias Medicas (1895)
HISTORY OF
MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY
IN THE
PHILIPPINES

1887-
________________
________________
____
Laboratory examination of
food, water, and clinical
samples.
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
Chemical expert in the laboratory and pioneered
water testing, forensics, and environmental studies.
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
By the end of the 19th century, the Spaniards who were considered to be authorities in medicine, started
exploring the microbial causes of diseases.
AMERICAN ERA
• PHILIPPINE-
AMERICAN
WAR
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
After the fall of Manila, the Spanish Military
Hospital was converted into the First Reserve
Hospital in 1898 by
______________________who was first chief
surgeon of the Division of the Pacific and Eight
Army Corps.
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Richard P. Strong
-Perform autopsies and to examine blood, feces, and urine along
with other laboratory services.
-plague, cholera, bacillary dysentery
-Strong, while the head of the Bureau of Laboratories in Manilla,
carried out vaccine trials at the Philippine Bilibid Prison. During
one of the experimental trials in 1906, twenty-four prisoners were
injected, without their consent, with a cholera vaccine that was
contaminated with bubonic plague. The prisoners became ill with
bubonic plague and 13 died.
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
1901 _________________________________
-Philippine Commission Act No, 156
-Calle Herran (Pedro Gil), Ermita, Manila
- Science library, chemical section, and serum laboratory for the production of vaccines
- Biology lab: Develop methods in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human and animal diseases
- Chemical lab: food, plant composition and minerals
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
_______________
-First director of the Bureau
-first dean of the college of medicine in UP
-Ensured lab with adequate supplies
(Incubator, sterilizers, microscopes, microtomes, stains, glassware
and chemicals)
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
WORLD WAR II
Present: National Institutes of Health of University of the Philippines-Manila.
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
LABORATORY RESEARCH
-Bureau of Government Laboratories 1905 ___________________
Study of the Tropical Diseases
-White foreigners’physiology in tropical climates
PGH And UP
-Active center for scientific research and instruction

________
-7000 fecal specimens, 900 urine specimens, 700 blood specimens.
-Cholera, malaria, leprosy, tuberculosis, and dysentery
PGH
UP
• The Bureau’s medical research
and laboratory investigations
were mainly focused on
microbiology in connection with
the onslaught of different
diseases such as cholera,
malaria, leprosy, tuberculosis,
and dysentery.
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES
THE UP COLLEGE OF PUBLIC HEALTH
-opened _____________________ in ___________
-aim: To provide proper training to the Philippine Health Services’
medical officers
JAPANESE ERA
___________
• The ___________________provided medical services. It was tasked to perform routine water analyses,
examination of food supplies, distribution of special reagents and solutions, culture media, and
investigation of epidemics and epizootics.
• The unit also performed special serological, bacteriological, pathological, and chemical examinations,
post-mortem examinations, and preservation of pathological specimens of value to the US Army Medical
Department.
HISTORY OF MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
_________
• The first clinical laboratory in the Philippines was established during World War II by the
___________________________________________________.
1945
• ___________________________________
Opened the Manila Public Health Laboratory
• ______________________
-training program for aspiring laboratory workers
-sixth month formal syllabus for the training program with certificate
ADVENTIST UNIVERSITY OF THE
PHILIPPINES
• Pioneering Medical Technology
• In 1954, the first School of Medical Technology in the country was opened by Manila Sanitarium and
Hospital (MSH). It was under the leadership of _____________, wifeof __________________. Not long
after, the hospital started its medical internship and residency-training program which was affiliated with
Loma Linda University in California, USA.
• The Philippine Union College (now AUP) in Baesa, Caloocan City absorbed MSH’s school of Medical
Technology.
•__________
-first graduate of medical technology program
•______
-UST initially offered the MT course as an elective for pharmacy
students
•_____
-MT was recognized as an official program in UST
 INVENTIONS AND
INNOVATIONS IN THE
FIELD OF MEDICAL
LABORATORY
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
• _________________________
• Improvement of the microscope
EDWARD JENNER
• Vaccination to establish immunity to small pox
MARIE FRANCOIS XAVIER
BICHAT
• Identified organs by their types of tissues
AGOSTINO BASSI
• Produced disease in worms by injection of organic material
LOUIS PASTEUR
• Successfully produced immunity to rabies
GREGOR MENDEL
• Enunciated his law of inherited characteristics from studies on plants
JOSEPH LISTER
• Demonstrated that surgical infections are cause by airborne ornganisms
ROBERT KOCH
• Bacilli (anthrax)
• Tubercle bacilli
ELLIE METCHNIKOFF
• __________________
ERNST VON BERGMANN
• Stem sterilization in surgery
KARL LANDSTEINER
• __________
AUGUST VON WASSERMANN
• Immuologic tests for syphilis
HOWARD RICKETTS
• rickettsiae
HANS FISCHER
• Structure of hemoglobin
JONAS SALK
• Poliomyelitis vaccine
JAMES WESTGARD
• _______________________
BARUCH SAMUEL BLUMBERG
• ________________
KARY MULLIS
• _______________________
ANDRE VAN STEIRTEGHEM
• Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF)
JAMES THOMSON
• First human Stem cell line