EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

QUARTER 2-MELC 6
(WEEK 5)

ACTIVITY 1.

The digestive System of Representative Animals.

Name of Representative Selected organ/s of the Description/s

Organisms Digestive System
Amoeba 1. Food vacuole 1. A sac like organ
Planaria 1. Mouth 1. A soft organ that
2. Pharynx serves as opening
where food gets in
and out.
2. A muscular organ.
Avians 1. Beak 1. Sort stout or curved
2. Esophagus and hard external part.
3. Crop 2. A long muscular tube
4. Proventriculus for passage
5. Vetriculus (gizzard) 3. A sac like organ
6. Small intestine 4. Similar to a stomach
7. Large intestine 5. Has a thick muscular
8. Cloaca wall and may contain
small stones.
6. Muscular tube
7. Muscular tube for
waste passage
8. The end part of
digestive tract
Ruminants 1. Stomach (Four 1. Muscular organ for
compartment) food digestion.
a. Rumen a. Largest compartment
b. Reticulum of the stomach
b. Locks like honeycomb
c. Omasum c. A smaller organ of
d. Abomasum digestion
d. Considered as a true
stomach
 1. Amoeba consumes food with the help of pseudopodia. Pseudopodia are temporary
finger-like projections of the cell surface. The avian esophagus has a pouch, called a
crop, which stores food. In the avian digestive system, food passes from the crop to the
first of two stomachs, called the proventriculus, which contains digestive juices that
break down food.
2. The main distinction in a cow's digestive system, or a ruminant digestive system is that
the stomach has four separate compartments, each with a unique function, whereas
most other animals only have a single compartment with a unified functionality.
3. Avians have crop and gizzard. These special organs enable them to gather different
kinds of food for their consumption.

ACTIVITY 2.

A.

PARTS DESCRIPTION
Omasum The omasum is where food particles that are
small enough get transferred into the
abomasum for enzymatic digestion. In
ruminants with a more sophisticated omasum,
the large surface area allows it to play a key
role in the absorption of water, electrolytes,
volatile fatty acids, minerals, and the
fermentation of food.
Rumen The rumen (on the left side of the animal) is
the largest stomach compartment and
consists of several sacs. It can hold 25 gallons
or more of material depending on the size of
the cow. Because of its size, the rumen acts as
a storage or holding vat for feed. Aside from
storage, the rumen is also a fermentation vat.
Reticulum The reticulum is the second chamber in the
alimentary canal of a ruminant animal.
Anatomically it is considered the smaller
portion of the reticulorumen along with the
rumen. ... The reticulum is colloquially
referred to as the honeycomb. It is also known
as the bonnet and as the kings-hood.

Mouth Mouth is the first part of the Digestive System.

Abomasum The abomasum is the fourth chamber in the

 ruminant. It functions similarly to the
carnivore stomach as it is glandular and
digests food chemically, rather than
mechanically or by fermentation like the other
3 chambers of the ruminant stomach.

B.

1. Amoeba is unicellular and is very primitive compared to planaria. Planaria is advance and
evolurionary, stands at a higher level being included in flatworms.

2. Mechanical digestion is a purely physical process that does not change the chemical nature
of the food. Instead, it makes the food smaller to increase both surface area and mobility. It
includes mastication, or chewing, as well as tongue movements that help break food into
smaller bits and mix food with saliva.

C.

1. Gizzard ------A

2. Crop ----------B

3. Ceca ----------C

IV.

REFLECTION

I have learned that an organ system is a biological system consisting of a group of organs that
work together to perform one or more functions. Each organ has a specialized role in a plant or
animal body, and is made up of distinct tissues.

I realized that the body systems do not function in isolation. All systems have to work together
to carry out life functions. For example, the first body system, the circulatory system, works
with the respiratory system to provide oxygen to cells and to eliminate carbon dioxide. ...

I want to learn more about a thorough knowledge of the structure of an animal imparts a lot of
information about the various functions it is capable of performing. This knowledge is essential
if you want to work with animals in any capacity.