Design of Counterfort Retaining Wall Design of Counterfort Retaining Wall

Data Sheet :- Data Sheet :-

Height of Retaing Wall above GL == >> 1.8 m h fck == 20 kN/m³ Height of Retaing Wall ab == >> 1.8 m h fck == 20 kN/m³
Width of Base Slab == >> 5m B 1-sinɸ 0.36 Width of Base Slab == >> 5m B
== == 0.22
1+sinɸ 1.64 Top Width of Counerfor == >> 230 mm
Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil == 250 >> 250 kN/m 2 U W of Conc= 25 kN/m³ Safe Bearing Capacity == 250 >> 250 kN/m2 U W of Conc 25 kN/m³
Angle of Repose in Deg. f= == 40 >> 0.70 fy == 500 kN/m³ Angle of Repose fi = == 40 >> fy == 500 kN/m³
sin f = == 0.64 >> 0.64
Spacing of Counterfort == l >> 3.5 m l 0.23 1.22
Unit Weight of soil == w >> 20 kN/m 3 Top Lvl.

P 1-sinɸ == 0.59101732 m 0.3

Depth of Foundation ==
w [ 1+sinɸ ]² ᴏ ᴏ

Let us Provide Foundation Depth of == 1.8 m ᴏ ᴏ

Over all Height of wall == 3.6 m H 2m
Thickness of Base slab = 41.7* l H == 276.92065 mm 1.8 ᴏ ᴏ # 12 mm@ 115 mm c/c.
== 20* l *H == 252 mm w1a Main Horizontal
Let us Provide 300 mm over all for the base slab 3.3 3.6 #8 mm@ 130 mm c/c. ᴏ ᴏ
== 3.3 m
Pressure Intensity at the bottom of the upright slab = p == wh * 1-sinɸ == 14.4 kN/m 2 ᴏ ᴏ # 8 mm@ 130 mm c/c.
1+sinɸ G.L. #8 mm@ 105 mm c/c. Dist. Vertical
p * l² 15 kN-m ᴏ ᴏ
Maximum B.M. for Upright Slab == +/ - [ 12 ] ==
ᴏ ᴏ
Factored Moment == 21.975316 kn-m #12 mm@ 390 mm c/c. ᴏ ᴏ # 12 mm@ 90 mm c/c.
0.133 * fck * b* d² == 21975316.2144573 0.5 1 ᴏ ᴏ
d² == 1652.27941462085 1.8 ᴏ ᴏ # 12 mm@ 390 mm c/c.
d == 40.64824 mm w2 0.3 ᴏ ᴏ
effective Cover == 40 mm ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ
Over all Depth Require == 80.64824 mm ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ
The Thickness of Upright Slab Will be taken uniformly at 81 LET US Provide= 300 mm 1.95
Base Width of base slab will be kept in between 0.6 H == 2m 0.7 H == 2.52 m Let 2m d c b a #12 mm@ 390 mm c/c. # 20 mm@ 270 mm c/c.
Main at Toe Bottom REINFORCEM ENT DETAILING MID SECTION Main at Heel Bottom
Toe Slab Width 0.25 B == 0.49 >> 0.4875 m Tb Let us Provide Toe Projection => 0.5 m h OF UPRIGHT SLAB FOR COUNTERFORT TYPE
Heel Slab Width >> 1.15 m h= 75.396 kN/m 2 RETAINING W ALL

Stability calculations for one meter run of the wall i g= 67 kN/m 2

f
Moment
Load due to magnitude kN distance from a m about 'a' e f= 64.23313831 kN/m 2
kNm e= 60.384 kN/m 2
w1a = 24.75 4.35 107.663
w1b = 0 0 0.000
w2 = 37.5 2.5 93.750
wb = 277.2 2.1 582.120
moment of lateral pressre
C p w H3/6 33.817
Total (W) 339.45 817.35

Distance of Point of Application of Resultant = M / P= 2m

Eccentricity = e= z- b/2 e= -0.09

But e< b/6 b/6= 0.83 , Hence O.K.

Extreme pressure intensity at the base p =

p max = (W/b)(1+6e/b) == 60.384 kN/m 2

p min = (W/b)(1-6e/b) == 75.396 kN/m 2

Design of Upright Slab :- Design of Upright Slab :-

== 50 == 50
Max. B.M. for a 1.5 m deep strip = 15 kN-m fy/fck= 25 Max. B.M2.5 m deep strip = 119 kN-m fy/fck= 25
over all Thickness = 300 mm 4.6*Mu = 101.09 0.96189 over all Thic 500 mm 4.6*Mu = 821 1
Effective Depth = 260 mm fck*b*d²= 1352 Effective Dep 460 mm fck*b*d²= ###
% steel req. Ast = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd 2))/(fy/fck)} % steAst = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd2))/(fy/fck)}
== 0.480762 0.0748 == 0.48205
Ast == 1249.982 mm² Ast == 2217.41 mm²
Provide # 12 mm bar 113.1 Provi16 mm bar 201
Use # 12 mm @ 90.482 mm C/C. 90 mm c/c. Use 16 mm @ 91 mm C/C. 90 mm c/c.
Distribution steel per meter run = 360 mm² Distribution steel per meter run = 600 mm²
Provide # 8 mm bar 50.267 Provi 8 mm bar 50
Use # 8 mm @ 139.63 mm C/C. 130 mm c/c. Use 8 mm @ 84 mm C/C. 80 mm c/c.
Design of Toe Slab:- Consider 1 m wide toe slab for B.M. Calculations Design of ToeConsider 1 m wide toe slab for B.M. Calculations

Load due to magnitude kN distance from C m Moment

about 'C'
kNm
Upward Pressure cdif 64.2331383112598 0.25 16.058
Upward Pressure eif -0.96233202335268 0.333333333333333 -0.321

Deduct for self weight 7500 -0.25 -1.875

0.000
B.M. for Toe Slab 13.86

Hence Max. B.M. for the toe slab / m width = 13.86 kN-m == 50
Effective Depth available = d= 300 -60 == 240 mm fy/fck= 25
4.6*Mu = 95651299.933212 0.9576
% steel req. Ast = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd 2))/(fy/fck)} fck*b*d²= 1152000000
% steel= 0.480848

Ast= 1154.036 mm²

Provide # 12 mm bar 113.1
Use # 12 mm @ 98 mm C/C.
Distribution steel per meter run = 288 mm²
Provide # 12 mm bar 113.1
Use # 12 mm @ 392.71 mm C/C.

Design of Heel Slab:- 1m Rum

Consider a one meter wide strip of the heel slab near the heel end a
Wieght of Soil 66 kN/m 2
D.L. of Strip = 7.5 kN/m 2
TOTAL 73.5 kN/m2
Deduct Upward Pres == >> 75.396 kN/m2
Net Downward Loading >> -1.8962 kN/m2
Spacing of counterfort >> 3.5 m
Max. B.M. >> -1.93569374 kN-m

Hence Max. B.M. for the Heel slab / m width = -1.94 kN-m == 50
Effective Depth available = d= 300 -60 == 240 mm fy/fck= 25
4.6*Mu = -13356286.778025 1.0058
% steel req. Ast = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd 2))/(fy/fck)} fck*b*d²= 1152000000
% steel= 0.479884

Ast= 1151.723 mm²

Provide # 20 mm bar 314.17
Use # 20 mm @ 272.78 mm C/C.
Distribution steel per meter run = 288 mm²
Provide # 12 mm bar 113.1
Use # 12 mm @ 392.71 mm C/C.

Design of counterfoils:-
Top Width 230 mm 0.23 m Thickness of Counterfort Taken same as Top Width
Total Lateral Earth Pressure transferred to one counterfort above the level of Base slab
== Cp * w * h² * l/ 2 == 82.8783354373818

Max. B.M. for the counterfort= == 91.166 kN-m

Overall width of counterfort at base == 1.45 m 1450 mm
Effecive Depth available == 1450 -60 == 1390 mm
Let the inclination of the main steel with the vertical be β

tanβ= 0.37 ==

β= 0.3541 β= 20.289201 β=

Hence Max. B.M. for the Counterforte / m width = 91.17 kN-m == 50

Effective Depth available = d= 1450 -60 == 1390 mm fy/fck= 25
4.6*Mu = 629046565.96973 0.964
% steel req. Ast = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd 2))/(fy/fck)} fck*b*d²= 8887660000
% steel= 0.000721

Ast= 230.4278 mm²

Provide # 20 mm bar 314.17 0.73
Use # 20 mm @ 1 No. at Base

Consider Earth pressure at == 1 m above base slab

There fore Base width at = 2.3 m == 1.0803 m
Lateral Earth Pressure at 2.3 m is == 40.2595403547979 kN/m²
Max. B.M. above 1m of Base == 30.87 kN-m

Hence Max. B.M. for the Counterforte / m width = 30.87 kN-m == 50

Effective Depth available = d= 1080.3 -60 == 1020.303 mm fy/fck= 25
4.6*Mu = 212972968.47688 0.9775
% steel req. Ast = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd 2))/(fy/fck)} fck*b*d²= 4788684058.7695
% steel= 0.00045

Ast= 105.5545 mm²

Provide # 20 mm bar 314.17 0.34
Use # 20 mm @ 1 No. at 1 m above base

Consider Earth pressure at == 2 m above base slab

There fore Base width at = 1.3 m == 0.7106 m
Lateral Earth Pressure at 1.3 m is == 12.8617435159941 kN/m²
Max. B.M. above 1m of Base == 5.57 kN-m

Hence Max. B.M. for the Counterforte / m width = 5.57 kN-m == 50

Effective Depth available = d= 710.61 -60 == 650.60606 mm fy/fck= 25
4.6*Mu = 38456613.112822 0.9901
% steel req. Ast = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd 2))/(fy/fck)} fck*b*d²= 1947125932.0478
% steel= 0.000198

Ast= 29.70184 mm²

Provide # 20 mm bar 314.17 0.09
Use # 20 mm @ 1 No. at 2 m above base

Consider Earth pressure at == 3 m above base slab

There fore Base width at = 0.3 m == 0.3409 m
Lateral Earth Pressure at 0.3 m is == 0.6849449209701 kN/m²
Max. B.M. above 1m of Base == 0.07 kN-m

Hence Max. B.M. for the Counterforte / m width = 0.07 kN-m == 50

Effective Depth available = d= 340.91 -60 == 280.90909 mm fy/fck= 25
4.6*Mu = 472611.99546937 0.9993
% steel req. Ast = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd 2))/(fy/fck)} fck*b*d²= 362985619.83471
% steel= 1.302E-05

Ast= 0.841493 mm²

Provide # 20 mm bar 314.17 0
Use # 20 mm @ 1 No. at 3 m above base

Consider Earth pressure at == 4 m above base slab

There fore Base width at = -0.7 m == -0.0288 m
Lateral Earth Pressure at -0.7 m is == 3.72914456972608 kN/m²
Max. B.M. above 1m of Base == -0.87 kN-m

Hence Max. B.M. for the Counterforte / m width = -0.87 kN-m == 50

Effective Depth available = d= -28.788 -60 == -88.787879 mm fy/fck= 25
4.6*Mu = -6003922.757259 1.0796
% steel req. Ast = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd 2))/(fy/fck)} fck*b*d²= 36263122.130395
% steel= -0.001592

Ast= 32.51612 mm²

Provide # 16 mm bar 201.07 0.16
Use # 16 mm @ 1 No. at 4 m above base

Consider Earth pressure at == 5 m above base slab

There fore Base width at = -1.7 m == -0.3985 m
Lateral Earth Pressure at -1.7 m is == 21.994342462262 kN/m²
Max. B.M. above 1m of Base == -12.46 kN-m

Hence Max. B.M. for the Counterforte / m width = -12.46 kN-m == 50

Effective Depth available = d= -398.48 -60 == -458.48485 mm fy/fck= 25
4.6*Mu = -85997879.027444 1.0435
% steel req. Ast = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd 2))/(fy/fck)} fck*b*d²= 966958438.9348
% steel= -0.00087

Ast= 91.78751 mm²

Provide # 20 mm bar 314.17 0.29
Use # 20 mm @ 1 No. at 5 m above base

Connection between counterfoils & upright slab:-

Consider 1m deep srip of upright slab. The pressure on this strip
Pressure on strip = 14.35122691556 kN/m²
Lateral Earh Presure Transfer to counterfort for 1m Height
== 46.92851 kN

Ast= 187.714 mm²

Provide # 8 mm bar 50.267 3.73
Use # 8 mm @ 267.79 mm C/C Say 260 mm c/c.
Since Reinforcement Provided in the for of Horizontal Links of two legs 2x 260 == 520 mm c/c 300
Provide # 8 stirrups @ 300 mm c/c.
 REINFORCEMENT DETAILING COUNTERFORT TYPE RETAINING WALL
300 300
Height of Wall 1.8 m
Spacing Counterfort 3.5 m

upto &
8 mm F 8 mm F 20 mm F abov. 5m
from base
130 mm c/c 130 mm c/c 1 Nos. slab

8 mm F 1 8 mm F
upto 4m
105 mm c/c 105 mm c/c 16 mm F from base
slab
1 Nos.

12 mm F 12 mm F 8 mm F 300
2 lgd vertical ties
390 mm c/c 390 mm c/c
upto 3m
3.6 20 mm F from base
slab
1 Nos.

12 mm F 12 mm F
upto 2m
390 mm c/c 390 mm c/c 20 mm F from base
slab
1 Nos.
12 mm F 12 mm F
upto 1m
390 mm c/c 0 mm F 390 mm c/c 20 mm F from base
slab
3 0 0 mm c/c 2x12 mm F 1 Nos.
Holding bars
12 mm F
2 2
390 mm c/c
12 mm F2 lgd
0 1150
500 390 mm c/c

3 20 mm F 12 mm F 20 mm F
12 mm F 270 mm c/c 390 mm c/c 270 mm c/c
390 mm c/c 1 0 mm F
0 No.Bars
 C/S MID SECTION OF COUNTERFORT

300

(e) Sectional elevation oftoe slaband front counterforts at section 3 - 3

(e) Sectional elevation of heel slaband counterforts at section 1-1
8 mmɸ stirrups 300
@ c/c.
L/4
230

12 mmɸ@ c/c. 90

Front counterforts
Upright Slab

mm
12 mmɸ@ c/c. 90 8 mmɸ@ c/c. 130

8 mmɸ stirrups 300

@ c/c.
230

upto 3m from
20 mm F base slab
1 Nos.

C/S SECTION (1-1) & SECTION (3-3) OF COUNTERFORT RETAINING WALL

 RETAINING WALL

Given data
h= 3.25 m
g =w= 18 kN/m3
f= 40 degrees
sin f = 0.7451
m= 0.6
SBC = 250 kN/m3
M25 & Fe 500
fck = 20 kN/m3
fy = 500 kN/m3

Thickness of the stem at top may be kept 200 mm.

Thickness of stem at the bottom

Height of the stem = h = 3.25 m

consider 1 m run of the wall.

Maximum bending moment M = Cp w h3/6

Cp = 0.146
M= 15.04 kNm
Factored moment Mu = 22.562 kNm
Equating the limiting moment of resistance to the factored moment
0.133 fck b d2 = 22.562
d= 92.10 mm
d= 150 mm
The base slab also may be made 150 mm thick.
Total height of wall H = 3.4 m
Providing an effective cover of 40 mm.
d= 110 mm
Width of base slab b = 0.5 H to 0.6 H
0.5 H = 1.7 m
0.6 H = 2.04 m
Provide base width (b) of 1.7 m
Toe projection = b/3 = 0.57 m
Provide a toe projection 0.6 m
Proposed overall dimensions are as shown in fig.
Stability calculations for one meter run of the wall

magnitude distance Moment

Load due to about a
kN from a m
kNm
w1 = 9.75 1.025 9.99375
w2 = 5.1 0.85 4.335
wb = 55.575 0.475 26.39813
moment of lateral pressre
Cp w H3/6 17.222
Total 70.425 57.949

Distance of the point of application of the resultant force from the end a.

z = M/P = 0.823 m

Eccentricity e = z - b/2 = -0.027 m

but b/6 = 0.283 > e 1

Extreme pressure intensity at the base p =

pmax = (W/b)(1+6e/b) 37.46 kN/m2

pmin = (W/b)(1-6e/b) 45.40 kN/m2

Check against overturning

Overturning momtent = Cp wH3/6 17.22 kNm
Restraining moment = 79.00 kNm

Factor of safety against overturning = 4.59 > 1.55 1

Check against sliding

Total horizontal earth pressure per meter length P =
P = Cp w h2/2 5.065 kN

Limiting friction = mW = 42.255 kN

Factor of safety against sliding = mW/P 8.34 > 1.55 1

Maximum factored bending moment for the stem per meter length
Mu = 22.56 kNm
Effective depth = d = 110 mm
 Mu/bd2 = 1.86

Percentage of steel = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd2))/(fy/fck)}

= 0.489 %

Ast = 537.40 mm2

spacing of 12 mm f bars 210.35 mm.
Providing 12 mm f bars 125 mm c/c.

Distribution steel = 0.12 % bD = 180 mm2

spacing of 8 mm f bars 279.11 mm.

Providing 8 mm f bars 150 mm c/c near each face.

Design of Toe slab

B.M. calculations for the toe slab per m run of the wall

magnitude distance Moment

Load due to about c
kN from c m
kNm
upward pressure edif 25.00 0.30 7.50
upward pressure efj -1.26 0.40 -0.50
6.99

deduct for self wt. of toe slab 1.80 0.30 0.54

B.M. for toe slab 6.45

Maximum B.M. for the toe slab per meter run = 6.45 kNm
Factored moment = 9.68 kNm
Effective depth = d = 90 mm
Mu/bd2 = 1.20

percentage of steel = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd2))/(fy/fck)}

= 0.297 %
Minimum percentage of steel = 85/f y = 0.17 %

Ast = 267.26 mm2

spacing of 12 mm f bars 422.96 mm.
Providing 12 mm f bars 150 mm c/c.
Design of the heel slab
B.M. calculations for the heel slab per meter run of the wall

magnitude distance Moment

Load due to about b
kN from b m
kNm
weight of backing wb 55.58 0.48 26.40
weight of heel slab 2.85 0.48 1.35
27.75
deduct for upward pressure
abih 43.13 0.48 20.49
ghi -2.11 0.32 -0.67
Total deduction 21.15
B.M. for toe slab 6.60

Maximum B.M. for the heel slab per meter run = 6.60 kNm
Factored moment = 9.90 kNm
Effective depth = d = 90 mm
Mu/bd2 = 1.22

percentage of steel = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd2))/(fy/fck)}

= 0.304 %
Minimum percentage of steel = 85/f y = 0.17 %

Ast = 273.78 mm2

spacing of 12 mm f bars 412.88 mm.
Providing 12 mm f bars 150 mm c/c.
 0.15 m

wb
3.25 m
w1

0.6 0.95

w2 0.15 m

d c b a
1.7 m i h
45.40 kN/m2
g
j f 40.96 kN/m2
41.66 kN/m2
e
37.46 kN/m2
 CANTILEVER RETAINING WALL
h= 10.00 m SBC = 250 kN/m2
g =w= 60 kN/m3 M20 & Fe 500 25 kN/m3 Unit Weight of Concrete Taken
f= 40 degrees 0.69813 fck = 20 kN/m3

sin f = 0.6428 fy = 500 kN/m3

m= 0.7

0.3 m

ᴏ ᴏ

ᴏ ᴏ
wb
10.00 m ᴏ ᴏ # 8 mm @ 125 mm c/c.
Distribution
Stem #8 mm @ 125 mm c/c. ᴏ ᴏ

0.35 m Heel Slab ᴏ ᴏ # 16 mm @ 125 mm c/c.

#8 mm @ 100 mm c/c. Main Vertical
Toe Slab ᴏ ᴏ
1m 2.65 m ᴏ ᴏ
# 10 mm @ 150 mm c/c. ᴏ ᴏ # 16 mm @ 100 mm c/c.
ᴏ ᴏ
w2 0.35 m ᴏ ᴏ
ᴏ ᴏ
d c b a ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ
4m i h ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ ᴏ

-99.79 kN/m2
g
j f 597.63 kN/m2 REINFORCEMENT DETAILING
518.68 kN/m2 CANTILEVER TYPE RETAINING WALL
e
952.92 kN/m2
 RETAINING WALL

Given data
h= 1.50 m
g =w= 19 kN/m3
f= 30 degrees
sin f = 0.5000
m= 0.6
SBC = 250 kN/m3
M25 & Fe 500
fck = 20 kN/m3
fy = 500 kN/m3

Thickness of the stem at top may be kept 200 mm.

Thickness of stem at the bottom

Height of the stem = h = 1.50 m

consider 1 m run of the wall.

Maximum bending moment M = Cp w h3/6

Cp = 0.333
M= 3.56 kNm
Factored moment Mu = 5.344 kNm
Equating the limiting moment of resistance to the factored moment
0.133 fck b d2 = 5.344
d= 44.82 mm
d= 200 mm
The base slab also may be made 200 mm thick.
Total height of wall H = 1.7 m
Providing an effective cover of 50 mm.
d= 160 mm
Width of base slab b = 0.5 H to 0.6 H
0.5 H = 0.85 m
0.6 H = 1.02 m
Provide base width (b) of 0.9 m
Toe projection = b/3 = 0.30 m
Provide a toe projection 0.35 m
Proposed overall dimensions are as shown in fig.
Stability calculations for one meter run of the wall

magnitude distance Moment

Load due to about a
kN from a m
kNm
w1 = 6 0.45 2.7
w2 = 3.6 0.45 1.62
wb = 9.975 0.175 1.745625
moment of lateral pressre
Cp w H3/6 5.186
Total 19.575 11.252

Distance of the point of application of the resultant force from the end a.

z = M/P = 0.575 m

Eccentricity e = z - b/2 = 0.125 m

but b/6 = 0.150 > e 1

Extreme pressure intensity at the base p =

pmax = (W/b)(1+6e/b) 39.84 kN/m2

pmin = (W/b)(1-6e/b) 3.66 kN/m2

Check against overturning

Overturning momtent = Cp wH3/6 5.19 kNm
Restraining moment = 11.55 kNm

Factor of safety against overturning = 2.23 > 1.55 1

Check against sliding

Total horizontal earth pressure per meter length P =
P = Cp w h2/2 3.051 kN

Limiting friction = mW = 11.745 kN

Factor of safety against sliding = mW/P 3.85 > 1.55 1

Maximum factored bending moment for the stem per meter length
Mu = 5.34 kNm
Effective depth = d = 160 mm
 Mu/bd2 = 0.21

Percentage of steel = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd2))/(fy/fck)}

= 0.049 %

Ast = 77.76 mm2

spacing of 8 mm f bars 646.08 mm.
Providing 8 mm f bars 150 mm c/c.

Distribution steel = 0.12 % bD = 240 mm2

spacing of 8 mm f bars 209.33 mm.

Providing 8 mm f bars 200 mm c/c near each face.

Design of Toe slab

B.M. calculations for the toe slab per m run of the wall

magnitude distance Moment

Load due to about c
kN from c m
kNm
upward pressure edif 3.39 0.18 0.59
upward pressure efj 5.28 0.23 1.23
1.82

deduct for self wt. of toe slab 1.40 0.18 0.25

B.M. for toe slab 1.58

Maximum B.M. for the toe slab per meter run = 1.58 kNm
Factored moment = 2.37 kNm
Effective depth = d = 140 mm
Mu/bd2 = 0.12

percentage of steel = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd2))/(fy/fck)}

= 0.028 %
Minimum percentage of steel = 85/f y = 0.17 %

Ast = 39.20 mm2

spacing of 8 mm f bars 1281.48 mm.
Providing 8 mm f bars 200 mm c/c.
Design of the heel slab
B.M. calculations for the heel slab per meter run of the wall

magnitude distance Moment

Load due to about b
kN from b m
kNm
weight of backing wb 9.98 0.18 1.75
weight of heel slab 1.40 0.18 0.25
1.99
deduct for upward pressure
abih 1.28 0.18 0.22
ghi 2.46 0.12 0.29
Total deduction -0.06
B.M. for toe slab 2.05

Maximum B.M. for the heel slab per meter run = 2.05 kNm
Factored moment = 3.08 kNm
Effective depth = d = 140 mm
Mu/bd2 = 0.16

percentage of steel = 50{(1-sqrt(1-4.6Mu/fckbd2))/(fy/fck)}

= 0.036 %
Minimum percentage of steel = 85/f y = 0.17 %

Ast = 51.08 mm2

spacing of 8 mm f bars 983.46 mm.
Providing 8 mm f bars 250 mm c/c.
 0.2 m

wb
1.50 m
w1

0.35 0.35

w2 0.2 m

d c b a
0.9 m i h
3.66 kN/m2
g
j f 17.73 kN/m2
9.69 kN/m2
e
39.84 kN/m2