POLS 1103

Quiz 1. International Relations

1. Based on Thucydides' detailed historical study, what brought about the Peloponnesian War?
Distribution of Power
2. Their task is to suggest plausible hypotheses regarding those patterned actions and to
systematically and empirically test those hypotheses. Behavioral scientist
3. What is the initial scope the study of International Relations? Diplomacy
4. He believes that the creation of a federation of states can fulfill our desire for peace and
stability. Immanuel kant
5. This approach seek to deconstruct the basic concepts of International Relations. Postmodernism
6. Who among the following argued that sovereignty is neither well defined nor constantly
grounded? Cynthia Weber
7. This tool uses inquiry to investigate about the detailed chains of events that bring about a
particular skirmish between people or states. History
8. It is the study of the interactions among the various actors that participate in international
politics. International Relations
9. According to him, International Relations is not a discipline but a combination of history and
political science. Alfred Zimmern
10. According to him “as a science, International Relations today is in its infancy. It is still less a
science than a mixture of philosophy and history and its theories are shockingly unstable”
Organski
11. Which among the following is NOT a feature of Idealism? Each nation always seeks to secure
the goals of national interest defined in terms of power
12. It stands for improving the course of international relations by eliminating war, hunger,
inequality, tyranny, force, suppression and violence from international relations. idealism
13. This approach analyzes norms, procedures, and cultures to trace how ideas shape identities.
Constructivism
14. This theory is rooted in economics which states that actions of individuals are largely
determined by economic class; the state is an agent of international capitalism; and the
international system is highly stratified, dominated by an international capitalist system. Radical
theory
15. Who said that each member of the society is an indivisible part of a whole? Jean-Jacque
Rousseau

Prelim Exam

1. Laura Storm, a student of Sociology travelled and immersed herself in the Far North aspiring to
unearth the mystery that surrounds the legendary Boissay tribe whose religious practices helped
carved the concept of divinity that has an extremely important role in shaping the cultural
orientation of the region. Based on the facts provided, it can be understood that Laura
employed which of these tools in her pursuit? Constructivists
I. Unification of Germany
II. Rapid Growth of German Population
 III. France and Germany fought a war that concluded through a treaty which forced the
former to cede Alsace and Lorraine.
IV. Rapid Industrialization in Germany
2. All of the above are factors that caused the Germany’s tight diplomatic relationship with
France and other European powers. (wrong)
3. Who said that each member of the society is an indivisible part of a whole? Jean-Jacques
Rousseau
4. Qasem Soleimani: Iraq:: Bonaparte: Moscow
5. According to him, International Relations is not a discipline but a combination of history and
political science Alfred Zimmern
6. Which of the following set forth the establishment of peace in Europe after the fall of Napoleon
Bonaparte in 1815? Congress of Vienna
7. In the feudal east, private enterprise was encouraged. States improved their infrastructure to
facilitate commerce. Great trading companies and banks emerged. False
8. To get into the heart of the West Philippine Sea dispute, Political Scientists sought to lay down
the details that led China to claim the territories in the aforementioned area. It was found out
that artifacts dating from the Han Dynasty were excavated in Scarborough Shoal, which means
that Chinese nationals had been occupying the territory as early as 206 BCE. The above situation
used which of the tools below? Behaviorism (wrong)
9. Which of the following was NOT a part of the five European powers that comprised the Concert
of Europe? Germany
10. This policy defends the Western Hemisphere from European interference. Monroe Doctrine
11. Which is NOT true about the unification of Europe’s political elite? frope entered into series of
conflicts that paved way to their inevitable faction in 1870.
12. After enduring decades of tyranny, the people of Catawba finally united to oust their leader,
Brutus. The common goal was to reform the environment and establish a state that will become
a cradle of democracy, human rights and civil liberties. This is an example of radical Theory
13. According to the French philosopher John Locke sovereignty is the ‘’absolute and perpetual
power vested in commonwealth’’. False
14. The following encouraged the persistence of imperialism and colonization EXCEPTGrowing
consciousness and native resistance
15. Postmodernism stands for improving the course of international relations by eliminating war,
hunger, inequality, tyranny, force, suppression and violence from international relations. False
16. Japan: Rape of Nanking::Germany: Holocaust
17. USA: 51 States:: Germany:39 Fragments
18. International Law is the initial scope the study of International Relations False- diplomacy
19. After the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, which emerged as the largest among the
successor states? Turkey
20. History is a tool uses inquiry to investigate about the detailed chains of events that bring about a
particular skirmish between people or states.True
21. May 7, 1945: Germany (Wrong):: August 9, 1945: Nagasaki
I. Sovereignty rests not in the individual but in the state, hence, is perpetual.
II. Sovereignty is perceived to be absolute and could not be subjected to limitations. Both
statements are correct.
22. Which of the following is TRUE about the Cold War? Popular sovereignty vanished in every
state allied to the Soviet Union that its leaders began to view themselves surrounded with
hostile capitalists. 
23. Germany: Holocaust (Wrong):: Russia: Revolution
24. Which of the following is deemed by the Marxists as the major divider in domestic and
international politics? Economic class
25. Which intergovernmental organization was formed in 1920 and was designed to hinder all
future intestate wars. League of Nations
26. One of the primordial reasons the United Nations was formed in the wake of World War II was
to thwart the outbreak of another World War. This statement exemplifies which theoretical
approach? Radical Theory (Wrong)
27. The so-called invisible hand of the market is the force behind the international system True
28. Which of the following situations BEST depicts postmodernism? A group of farmers marched
under the scorching sun to voice out their sentiments on the waves of killings perpetrated
against their fellow but their protests were never heard of due to lack of news coverage.
29. Thirty Years’ War:: Treaties of Westphalia:: World War I:Treaty of Versailles
30. Which approach seeks to deconstruct the basic concepts of International Relations?
Postmodernism
I. Citizens of Japanese descent in the United States were deprived of their constitutional
rights.
II. Only the members of the Axis Powers committed unspeakable crimes that degraded
human dignity during the second World War. Only the first statement is correct.
31. Which of the following paved way to the development of rapid communication between Europe
and America? Discovery of the New World
32. This refers to the economic system that provided opportunities to individuals to pursue what
was economically rational with minimal interference from the state. Capitalism
33. In its deepest political sense, the conduct of regular election is a manifestation of Legitimacy
34. Plato: The Republic:: John Locke: Two Treaties of Government
35. Differentiate the concepts of Imperialism and Colonialism. Imperialism is territorial occupation
while colonialism is territorial settlement. Imperialism takes by, say, treaty, and/or ravages,
by force, lands that may or may not have sovereign capacity. Colonialism, on the other hand,
may occur in two ways. One, the gradual settlement, with a humungous number of settlers, to
a foreign land, from there, they settle with them their culture, political ideology, traditions,
etc. two, after a country is occupied by an imperialist one. This happens in Philippines where
the mother country, Spain, remotely annexed their territory in the Philippines making it a
“province of Spain” where they brought their political, economic, and cultural system in the
Philippines. Imperialism may happen without colonialism and vise versa. But in terms of
tradition and common practice, country who are imperialist aims to colonize country to
extend and empower economic and political prowess.
36. Thomas Hobbes believes that the creation of a federation of states can fulfill our desire for
peace and stability False
37. Adolf Hitler rose to power with the promise to redeem Germany’s pride and economy. His
advocacy, however reflected an extreme desire to improve the country’s military system
resulting to conflicts that quickly escalated into a full-blown war. This is an example of Realism
38. Theresa Joaquin upholds the idea that relations, may it be between people or states, can be
improved by employing dialectical reasoning where contradicting views are scrutinized to create
a wider and clearer grasp of an issue. This is an example of which tool? Postmodernism (wrong)
39. The following are key developments that occurred after the Treaties of Westphalia EXCEPT
Restrictions in religious practices among states
40. Who among the following believed that the absence of international authority could result to a
state of anarchy? Thomas Hobbes
41. During his presidency, Barrack Obama issued a warning after Sunni militants who called
themselves the Islamic States of Iraq and Syria seized Mozul, emphasizing the danger posed by
these terrorists to Iraq and its people along with the threat such extremism could cause to
American interest. As to what this American interest is ,was not clearly defined however, some
experts were quick to assume that it could be more of an economic. This exemplifies which of
the following approaches? Constructivist (wrong)
I. Monarchs gained the authority to decide which version of Christianity best suit their
subjects.
II. United States and Russia emerged as the new super powers thus altering the fate of
international politics.
III. States with the largest and more stabilized national army were recognized as powerful
force.
IV. In western Europe, private enterprise was highly discouraged and the concept of an
invisible hand as the force behind the market system was debunked.
42. The aforementioned are impacts of the Treaties of Westphalia to International Relations EXCEPT
II and IV
43. Based on Thucydides' detailed historical study Division of power brought about the
Peloponnesian War. True
44. Soviet Union: Communist:: United States: Liberal
45. Radical Theory is rooted in economics which states that actions of individuals are largely
determined by economic class; the state is an agent of international capitalism; and the
international system is highly stratified, dominated by an international capitalist system. True
46. Researchers Arvin Clarence and Mitch Maxwell wanted to find out whether the underlying
causes of noncompliance of public laws is premeditated by examining the patterns exhibited by
habitual offenders. Which of the following tool was used by Clarence and Maxwell to address
the problem? Behaviorism
47. Adam Smith argued that the state is a beneficial institution created by rational men to protect
both their natural rights (life, liberty, and property) and their self-interests. False
48. The following Asian countries were put under direct European or US influence EXCEPTThailand
49. Which of the following is NOT a result of the Treaties of Westphalia Local and international
alliances were formed.
50. According to Alfred Zimmern International Relations is not a discipline but a combination of
history and political science.
51. True
52. Michinomiya Hirohito: Japan:: Elizabeth Windsor: Great Britain
53. He believed that returning to the age of absolutism was the best way to manage Europe. Count
Klemens Metternich
54. The Treaties of Westphalia also established the rights of the states to determine their own
domestic policies, without external pressure. True
55. Jean Bodin argued that sovereignty resides not in an individual but in a state, thus, it is
perpetual True
56. The Treaties of Westphalia ended the religious authority in Europe and marked the rise of
secular authorities. True
57. USA: Woodrow Wilson:: Russia: Vladimir Lenin
58. He believes that the creation of a federation of states can fulfill our desire for peace and
stability. Immanuel Kant
59. China: Opium War::Japan: Russo-Japanese War
60. Which of the following was NOT a reason for European imperialism and colonization? Stabilized
Balance of Power (wrong)
61. Which of the following BEST depicts realism? Ferdinand Marcos signed Executive Order No.
1081 placing the entire Philippines under Martial Law.
62. Which of the following BEST depicts realism? Ferdinand Marcos signed Executive Order No.
1081 placing the entire Philippines under Martial Law.
63. The Treaties of Westphalia paved the way for leaders to seek the establishment of their own
permanent national militaries. True
64. Which of the following DOES NOT belong to the Baltic States? Czechia
I. People who share similar ideals became united in a pursuit of a homogenous goal.
II. Collective history helped forged emotional links between and among people.
III. Uprisings broke with the people’s desire to establish a state that promotes rights and
liberties.
IV. Common struggles motivated the masses to participate in political endeavors.
65. All of the statements above pertain to Nationalism
66. When Rodrigo Roa Duterte assumed the presidential seat, he launched the War on Drugs that
aspired to free the Philippines from illegal drugs which have been dragging its people to
addiction and thereafter commit wide arrays of criminal activities. Upon implementation, the
country saw series of extrajudicial killings allegedly perpetrated by police officers against the
marginalized sector. This alarmed the international community and urged the intervention of
the International Court of Justice. The said court proposed to conduct investigation as regards
the massive killings which the country, in its wisdom, refused. Which of the following could
justify the Philippines’ refusal of the proposed probing? External sovereignty
67. The international community established a norm prohibiting the procurement or development
of nuclear weapons to prevent the same havoc suffered in World War II. Japan, in its part,
strengthened its ban on the proliferation of such after becoming a signatory of the Nuclear Non-
Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1976. This is a manifestation of which theoretical approach?
Realism (wrong)
68. Postmodernism approach seek to deconstruct the basic concepts of International Relations.
True
69. Legitimacy is a core concept in contemporary international relations, it was one of the most
important intellectual development that led to the Westphalian revolution. False
70. Adolf Hitler: Germany:: Benito Mussolini: Italy
71. International Relations is the study of the interactions among the various actors that participate
in international politics. True
72. Russia: Builder of Alliances:: Britain: Off-shore balancer
73. Imperialism: Annexation:: Colonialism: Settlement
74. What is the significance of international relations in a globalized society? as described in the
module, international relations is integral part in our relationship in the global spectrum. War
is susceptible with the absence of such discipline. Imagine globalization without treaties,
international laws, international agreements, and etc. who will prevent who when they aspire
for gruesome war> since our epoch is becoming more globalized, where trade,
communication, and joint agreements are prevalent, it is important that we understand which
boundary we should and we should not cross. International relations pave way in helping us
understand these boundaries. It bring principles such as non-interference, sovereignty, and
what nots. It brings about policies such as tariffs, it provides smoother interaction in calamity
response including our war between the COVID-19 pandemic, and many more.
 75. Which of the following is NOT true about industrialization? It became the least critical
development during the nineteenth century as it emerged alongside Enlightenment which
revolutionized political and economic school of thoughts.
76. In the outbreak of COVID-19, the state of Calisota immediately imposed strict quarantine
measures to contain the virus and then immediately proceeded to administer aggressive mass
testing. According to the country’s Minister of Health, such strategy was employed to uphold
the general welfare of the public. ‘‘This preventive measure was based on Rousseau’s story of
the stag and the hare.’’ he said in an interview. This situation clearly employs which tool in
addressing a prevalent issue? Philosophy
77. Which of the following was staged by the Japanese in 1931 as a ploy for assaulting China and
annexing Manchuria? Mukden Incident
78. In the Philippines, homicide, murder, rape, molestation, physical assault, and reckless conduct
resulting to death are among the crimes against person listed under Republic Act 3815
otherwise known as the Revised Penal Code which took effect in 1930. In the whole duration of
World War II, nevertheless, these offenses were widely committed against noncombatants in
their most gruesome perfection. The cases of violations reported in various parts of the globe
was despairingly high, hence the creation of the Geneva Convention. In its deepest wisdom, how
did the Geneva Convention cement the agreement of countries to uphold human rights and
dignity?
I. The Geneva Convention formally criminalized acts like murder, torture, food
deprivation, among others thus paving the way to a more strengthened pillar of human
rights protection.
II. In international law, the doctrine of incorporation binds all countries to incorporate all
international agreements to their respective municipal laws thus extending the effect of
the provisions stipulated under the Geneva Convention to all the signatories.
III. A harsh punishment was provided to all the heinous crimes committed within the period
of war and after peace was attained to safeguard the integrity of the Geneva
Convention.
IV. Anyone who violates the statutes provided for under the Geneva Convention shall be
deemed enemy of the state. I and II
79. Napoleon: Battle of Waterloo (Wrong):: Japan: Closed Door Policy
80. Aristotle said that each member of the society is an indivisible part of a whole. False
I. Political power ultimately rests with the people.
II. Recognized rule requires consent of the governed.
III. The state is created by rational men to protect their rights.
IV. Absolutist rule is subject to limits.
81. The ideas above led to the concept of Legitimacy
82. The Treaties of Westphalia ended the religious authority in Europe and marked the rise of
secular authorities. True

Quiz 2. Theories of International Relations

1. Liberalism reflects a view of the individual as primarily fearful and power seeking. false
2. Thomas Hobbes maintained that just as individuals in a hypothetical “state of nature” have the
responsibility and the right to preserve themselves – including a right of violence against others
– so too does each state in the international system. True
 3. The individual level analysis focus is the personality, perceptions, choices, and activities of
individual decision makes and individual participants provide the explanation. True
4. Kenneth Waltz explains, “disequilibrium replaces equilibrium, and the world moves toward a
new round of hegemonic conflict.” False
5. According to neorealists, the structure of the system and the distribution of power within it,
rather than the characteristics of individual states, determine outcomes. True
6. Kennan’s keen analysis of Soviet intentions and his fear of uncontrolled escalation to a third
world war ultimately led to the adoption of containment as U.S. foreign policy. True
7. Thucydides the Christian bishop and philosopher added a fundamental assumption of realism,
arguing that humanity is flawed, egoistic, and selfish, although not predetermined to be so.
False
8. Defensive realists argue that the credible threat of conquest can often act as a motivation to
alter a target state’s interests, leading states that might have opposed the threatening state to
ally with it in a process international relations theorists call band wagoning. False
9. For defensive realists, the outcome of Iraq’s 1990 war forms part of a long historical pattern of
effective balancing. True
10. The ultimate goal of a theory is to predict phenomena. True

Quiz 3. Theories of International Relations

1. The story of the prisoner’s dilemma is one of the answers found to the question why states
choose to cooperate most of the time, even under the anarchic conditions of the international
system.  True 
2. For neoliberal institutionalists, cooperation emerges because when actors have continuous
interactions with each other, it is in their self-interest to cooperate. True 
3. According to Karl Marx, in the capitalist system, private interests control labor and market
exchanges, creating bondages from which certain classes try to free themselves. True 
4. Constructivism remained mainly a powerful tool of criticism rather than a program capable of
explaining outcomes in the real world. True 
5. According to liberal thinking, the expansion of human freedom is best achieved in democracies
and through well-regulated market capitalism True 
6. Liberals are concerned most with explaining the relationships among the means of production,
social relations, and power. False 
7. For classical liberals, cooperation emerges from humanity’s establishing and reforming
institutions that permit cooperative interactions and prohibit coercive actions. True 
8. For neoliberals, institutions are critical: they facilitate, widen, and deepen cooperation by
building on common interests, thus maximizing the gains for all parties. True 
9. Both realists and radicals accept that the state is the primary unit of analysis, in liberalism, on
the other hand, economic factors assume primary importance. False 
10. Radical’s idea that the state is the problem is part of what sets them so dramatically apart from
realists and liberals True 
11. Realism posits that bad or evil human behavior, such as injustice and war, is seen as the product
of inadequate or corrupt social institutions and misunderstandings among leaders. False 
12. Radical theorists emphasize the techniques of domination and suppression that arise from the
uneven economic development inherent in the capitalist system. True  
 13. Immanuel Kant argued that human nature is not defective, but rather, problems arise as
humanity enters civil society and forms separate nations. False 
14. Twentieth-century Idealism took the rationalism of the Enlightenment and reformulated it by
adding a preference for democracy over aristocracy and for free trade over national economic
self-sufficiency. False 
15. The contribution of the Enlightenment to liberalism rests on the Greek idea that individuals are
rational human beings, able to understand the universally applicable laws governing both nature
and human society. True 
16. John A. Hobson is a British economist who theorized that expansion occurs because of three
conditions in the more developed states. True 
17. Liberalism has provided the major counterpoint to realism. True 
18. Liberalism holds that human nature is basically good and that people can improve their moral
and material conditions, thus making societal progress—including lasting peace—possible. True 
19. Liberalism as a theoretical perspective fell out of favor, replaced by realism and its preferred
solution to the scourge of war: a balance of power. True 
20. For liberals, imperialism produces the hierarchical international system, which offers
opportunities to some states, organizations, and individuals, but imposes significant constraints
on behavior for others. False

Quiz 4. Theories 

1. Neorealist institutionalists see the international system as anarchic and acknowledge that each
individual state acts in its own self-interest, similar to realist thinking. false
2. For Marxists, as well as most other radicals, crippling stratification in the international system is
caused by colonialism. False
3. For realists, the international system is less consequential as an explanatory level of analysis.
false
4. A unipolar system is one in which the power to conquer all other states in the system combined
resides within a single state. True
5. Liberal argue that states should constantly seek power because, in an anarchic system, the only
true guarantee of security must come form self-help. false
6. A system is something composed of many components that interact and influence each other.
true
7. Radicals describe the structure of the international system by stratification true
8. Bipolar systems are those in which the distribution of the power to conquer is concentrated in
two states or coalitions of states. true
9. For radicals, the key feature of the international system is that states are all sovereign –
meaning no other state may legitimately intervene in any other state’s internal affairs and, in
this sense, equal. false
10. The crux of systems is in term “interact.” true
11. System polarity describes the distribution of capabilities among states in the international
system by counting the number of “poles” where material power is concentrated. true
12. In the liberal view, cooperation to reduce tariff barriers to trade, after a while, may lead to
cooperation on professional standards, immigration controls, and even, eventually, security
cooperation. true
13. Constructivist argue that the whole concept of an international system is a European idea that,
over time, became accepted as a natural fact. true
 14. To characterize the possibilities of war and peace in the international system, constructivist rely
on the concept of polarity false
15. Radicals reject the notion that the international system exists objectively or gives rise to
objective rules or principles false
16. Constructivist believe that what does change or norms although not all norm changes will be
transforming. true
17. Collective security rests on the idea that peace is indivisible: a war against one is a war against
all, meaning that the international community is obligated to respond. true
18. All liberals characterize the international system as anarchic. false
19. A multipolar system is any system in which the distribution of the power to conquer is
concentrated in more than two states. true
20. Stratification refers to the uneven – and relatively fixed – division of valued resources among
different groups of states. true

Midterm Exam

1. If I point to the collapse of the USSR's economy in the 1980s as one of the factors leading to the
end of the Cold War. What kind of analyst am I? State-Level Analyst
2. This is a publication of Kenneth Waltz's which diplomats found useful to think about the
numerous factors that shape international relations by breaking them into different levels of
analysis? Man, the State, and War
3. Which of the following depicts how realists view the international system? All states exercise
sovereignty thus no other states could intervene with internal affairs.
4. According to him, monarchs needed sufficient power to accomplish anything, to do good or evil,
or just survive. Goodness unarmed is of no use and probably short-lived. Machiavelli
5. Which among the following is an element of Marxism? Governments Serve Capitalists
6. Radicals agree with other theorists that power is essential in the international system. False

7. Whereas Realists would handle human rights quietly, they would make them an important and
public part of foreign policy. Liberals
8. A. Human nature is basically good and people can improve their moral and material conditions
and attain societal progress.
B. Atrocities such as injustice and war, is seen as the product of inadequate or corrupt social
institutions.
C. The expansion of human freedom is best achieved in democracies.
D. Injustice, war, and aggression are not inevitable but can be moderated or even eliminated
through institutional reform or collective action. 
All of the statements above pertain to Liberalism
9. One of the primordial reasons the United Nations formed in the wake of World War II was to
thwart the outbreak of another World War. This statement supports whose contention? Karl
Marx
10. Which of the following suggested the existence of different international orders with changing
purposes, different views of threat, and reliance on different ways to maintain order? Martha
Finnemore
11. The League of Nations illustrated the importance that constructivists place on the potential of
international institutions to deal with war and the opportunity for collective problem solving in a
multilateral forum. False
12. Which of the following theorists sees sovereignty as a contested concept? Constructivists
13. Germany and Japan’s attempts to obtain and reclaim resources during the 1930s resulted to
World War II. This is an example of Stratification of resources that led to instability
14. Which refers to the uneven and relatively fixed division of valued resources among different
groups of states? Stratification
15. Which of the following theorists problematize the state? Radicals
16. In his writings, he held that human nature is not defective and that problems arise when
humanity enters civil society and forms separate nations. Charles Montesquieu
17. He contends that the whole notion of anarchy is socially constructed. Alexander Wendt
18. What is the motto of a globalized system? Make money, not war
19. This is a famous illustrative game that highlights how the structure of an interaction can
intervene between intention and outcome to explain unintended outcomes. Prisoner’s dilemma
20. Liberals see the international system not as an unchanging structure, but rather as an
interdependent system. True
21. I. Which among the following explains about importance of theory?
II. Just gathering facts will leave you with a jumble of unrelated information
III. With no theory, you will not know which questions to ask and which to ask first
IV. Without theory you will not know what to do with your facts; they will be meaningless
Theories guide and give meaning to what we see. I, II, III, And IV
22. A. Realists hold that wars are frequently the cause of the shift of power in a system.
B. Change in relative power could also equate to change in the structure of the international
system. Both statements are correct.
23. For radicals the nature of the change in the system can be reduced to the distribution of peace
and war between great powers. False
24. The system may gain highly stable access to resources when the dominant powers are
challenged by those states below them. False
25. Military force is useful in all issue. False
26. According to him, anarchy can be overcome by establishing federation of states. Immanuel Kant
27. All of the following are elements of Constructivism EXCEPT: Power is Not the Only Thing
28. Who laid down at least four of the essential assumptions of realism? Thucydides
29. The bipolar system was seen as “zero-sum game” in which whatever one player won, the other
lost. True
30. A. Social norms can be changed through both actions of the collective and the efforts of
charismatic individuals.
B. Norms undergo changes though not all of these changes are transforming. The
aforementioned are the views of the Constructivists
31. Which of the following is NOT true about Realism?
I. Realists rarely focus on specific leaders or their motivations, which are presumed to be largely
the same: safeguarding their countries.
II. For realists, states are generally “unitary actors” each under the control of a sovereign.
III. Realists minimize human rights issues as distractions from true national interests.
IV. “Doing the right thing” may be wildly feasible for realists. III and IV only
32. Which of the following describes the distribution of capabilities among states in the
international system by counting the number of states or groups of states where material power
is concentrated? System polarity
33. For constructivists, institutions have important and independent effects on interstate
interactions, both by providing information and by framing actions, but they do not necessarily
affect states’ underlying motivations. False
34. According to realists, the international system may be anarchic but cooperation may develop
from institutions. False
35. He’s a Harvard political scientist who advanced a controversial theory that the post-Cold War
world was dividing into eight “civilizations,” each based mostly on religion Samuel P. Huntington
36. It offers itself as the ultimate end in realism, claiming that all motivations in IR, however
disguised, are for the economic gain of the ruling classes. Marxism
37. In IR it is considered as a sort of “power map” for a certain time period. If you can correctly
figure out the current system- who’s got what kind of power- you know where you stand and
how and when to use your power. International system
38. A. Neoliberals hold that the closer the overall distribution of power approaches unipolarity, the
greater the likelihood of peace.
B. Under conditions of anarchy, cooperation is difficult to attain because concerns are more
persistent than gains. Only the second statement is correct.
39. In the clash of civilization model what is said to be the motivation of civilizations relations?
Cultural Dislikes
40. The following describe a bipolar system EXCEPT- International organizations may develop with
the sole purpose of siding with a particular bloc.
41. For Constructivists, the concept of an international system is tied to notions of identity as
derived from norms, ideas, and discourse. True
42. How does the view of neorealists differs from classical realists? Neorealists give precedence in
their analyses to the structure of the international system as an explanatory factor, while
traditional realists also attach importance to the characteristics of states and human nature
43. A. Radicals are focused in understanding major changes in normative structure.
B. Different international systems have had various degrees of stratification Only the second
statement is correct.
44. Which of the following is NOT true about realism? The state is assumed to be a binary actor.
45. A. Formulation of theory is needed to explicate things as complex as war, oppression, and
economic development.
B. One of the downsides of theories however is that they can be refuted by new evidence. Both
statements are correct.
46. Which of the following argued that the hegemony of Britain in the nineteenth century and the
United States in the post-World War II era, led to stability? Paul Kennedy
47. According to neoliberals, the structure of the system and the distribution of power within it,
rather than the characteristics of individual states, determine outcomes. False
48. Which of the following claim that hegemony may be sufficient to create and maintain a stable
international system? Hegemonic stability theorists
49. A. The League of Nations proved to be very capable in upholding peace and security during the
interwar period. 
B. Liberalism rose and replaced realism at the dawn of World War II. Both statements are
incorrect.
50. It is a device to order data, ask questions, and make sense out of a complex world and an
explanation of why things happen. Theory
51. For neorealists, institutions help shape state preferences, solidifying cooperative relationships.
False
52. According to him, hegemonic states are willing to pay the price of enforcing norms to ensure the
continuation of the system that benefits them. Robert Keohane
53. Which is NOT true about liberalism? According to prominent theorists, international politics is
best characterized as a struggle of power. 
54. Perhaps the most accepted model sees the world as multipolar— a system of several centers of
power, some of them trading blocs and all of them engaged in tough economic competition.
True
55. Its hints can be found back in history, probably as soon as humans pondered the horrors of war.
Liberalism
56. He argued that bipolar international system is the most stable structure in the long run. Kenneth
Waltz
57. I. Political freedoms are most likely achieved in capital states.
II. Humanity is not capable of rationality thus will always be incapacitated to provide for its
wants and needs.
III. Democracy is preferred over aristocracy.
IV. Free markets are not allowed to flourish.
The aforementioned are characteristics of nineteenth century liberalism EXCEPT- II and IV
58. This refers to the category of analysis that dwells on the characteristics of the system which may
include balance of power, along with its strengths and weaknesses. The international system
level
59. What level of analysis in IR argues that all foreign policy can be understood without even looking
at the internal characteristics of nations or individuals? Systematic Level
60. A. Decision makers acting in the name of the state are assumed to be rational actors.
B. A state augments its security by escalating its domestic capacities.
C. Once a state declares war against another, it acts in behalf of all its citizens.
D. The state is the principal actor in war and politics.
The ideas above pertain to Thucydides’ assumptions on realism
61. He theorized that expansion occurs because of these three conditions: overproduction of goods
and services, under consumption by workers and the lower classes because of low wages, and
over savings by the upper classes and the bourgeoisie. John Hobson
62. The crux of systems is in term “interact.” True
63. This refers to the conglomeration of units, objects, or parts united by some form of regular
interaction. System
64. It is the newest and perhaps currently most popular IR Theory, which argues that subjective
understandings rather than objective reality are what influence policy. Constructivism
65. It is the oldest IR theory which is the product of a long historical and philosophical tradition that
reflects a view of the individual as primarily fearful and power seeking. Realism 
66. Which of the models or IR system matches and explains international relations today?
Multipolar System with a huge influence of Globalized model. We should understand the status
quo of our international system today. There are more than one hegemon, or core states, in the
global spectrum - China, USA, and Russia. Blocs are prevalent such as ASEAN. And most form of
government being exercised is Democracy where their main objective is to improve economy
and stabilize interdependence. Multipolar System has encapsulated this kind of system where
there is a distribution of power scattered globally. It is a geopolitical phenomena where several
states has the power to stabilize and balance the powers of the other because the international
system is, as stated by the Realist, anarchic. This is because states are cooperating in order to
advance their self-interest such as economic stability. State specialization is also rampant where
countries has specific resources absent to other countries which triggers global trade. This is
where globalized model takes place. Today, most of the countries has economic aspiration. We
mobilize employment, commerce, business, trades, people, culture, and every aspects of society
to improve economy. Most reason why we form coalition, make international affair, and engage
 to international system is to gain market and economic power. This is because stabilized
economy allows a country to grow exponentially and cater its issues and concerns.
67. It is something composed of many components that interact and influence each other. System 
68. He argued that humanity is flawed, egoistic, and selfish. Saint Augustine
69. Some thinkers say that IR unfolds amid international anarchy, but IR is not completely
disorderly. True
70. This category of analysis focuses on the actor’s perception, personality, and activities. The
individual level
71. Which of the following argued that the acknowledged goal of an emerging dominant power is to
establish durable and legitimate rules that will uphold the interest of the leading state? John
Ikenberrry
72. Which of the following theories reflects the view of an individual as primarily fearful or power
seeking? Realism
73. Which of the following highlights the absence of an administrative hierarchy? Anarchy
74. It is a model that combines the unipolar and multipolar models and may fit reality better.
Stratified
75. What is the significance of the three levels of analysis in International Relations? They illuminate
different reasons for why countries go to war and sign treaties or pursue alliances
76. They hypothesized that the greater the number of alliance commitments in the system, the
more war the system will experience. J. David Singer and Melvin Small
77. A. Self-interest provides a weak incentive for one state to take advantage of another.
B. States may be tempted to cheat on agreements so they can gain a relative advantage over
other states. Only the second statement is correct.
78. Which is TRUE about balance-of-power? Balance of power is like a poker game in which you’d
rather keep the game going than win all the money, so you refrain from bankrupting the other
players.
79. What do you think is the best level of analysis that provides sufficient explanatory factor in
explaining the reason of war between Russia and Ukraine at present? State Level of Analysis. If
we understand the situation of both countries, the cause of war is their personal interest.
Ukraine want to ally with NATO. On the other side, Russia disliked this intention since Ukraine is
heavily influenced by Russia and a former Soviet Union member. Another contributing factor
why Russia disliked it is because it would make NATO stronger putting pressure and insecurity to
the placement of Russia in the hierarchy of power. As we all know, NATO is an anti-Russia/Soviet
Union bloc. Thus, it is imperative to analyze the war in a state level because what's causing the
war is base on the form of government, the ideology, and interest of each countries.
80. Decide which among the following is TRUE:
I. For Realists and Radicals, international system is vital to their analyses
II. Liberals who focus much more of their analyses on key characteristics of states—the
international system is less consequential
III. For Constructivists, the concept of an international system is tied to notions of identity as
derived from norms, ideas, and discourse.
IV. Realists who root much more of their analyses on the individual-level of analysis treat
international system less important I, II and III
81. I. The only cure for perpetual war is the emergence of one powerful prince.
II. War is a climate in which peace cannot be guaranteed.
III. Individuals in a hypothetical state of nature have the responsibility to preserve themselves.
IV. In the absence of an international sovereign to enforce rules, few rules or norms can restrain
states.
 All of the above pertain to Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan
82. It is a system between World War I and II. Interwar System

Quiz 5. Cause of War

1. When the Soviet Union used Cuban troops to fight along the Angolan-Namibian border, it
exemplifies what kind of intervention? Indirect intervention
2. For radical theorists which of the following leads to conflict?
I. Competition for economic dominance
II. Competition for political leadership
III. Competition for territorial expansion
IV. Competition for cultural dominance I and II
3. According to radicals, the dynamic of expansion inherent in the international capitalist system is
the major cause of wars. True
4. In conventional war, soldiers risk their lives to protect civilians while in guerrilla warfare, civilians
risk their lives to protect the guerrillas. True
5. All the following contributed to the development of the theory of just war which asserts that
several criteria can make the decision to enter a war a just one, EXCEPT: Immanuel Kant
6. The following are reasons why democratic states unlikely to go to war EXCEPT: Democratic
leaders make use of their power so to maintain peace at any extent and in all means.
7. The international society condemns terrorism of all kinds as illegal and heinous because it is
beyond the norm of humanitarian standard. True
8. He posited that war is less likely where the population is cohesive and enjoys a moderate level
of prosperity. Plato
9. Under article 16 of League of Nations Covenant, if a state went to war without trying peaceful
settlement first, it could face required economic sanctions and voluntary military sanctions. True
10. The end of Napoleonic War in 1815 strengthened the approval of war as a legitimate tool of
foreign policy. False
11. Limiting the movements of diplomats and citizens of foreign states in the home country:
freezing national assets, refusing to renew trade treaties, raising tariffs are acts employing
Retorsion
12. The contemporary view of international relations is that power-oriented, ambitious states are
ready to deploy army and wage a war on the assumption that war will bring them positive
results. False
13. The acceptance of the League of Nations Covenant as international law in 1919 undermined the
sovereign right of states to go to war at their discretion. What articles required states to use
peaceful settlement of issues before going to war. Articles 12, 13, and 15
14. What according to realists and liberals causes war? Personal attributes of leaders
15. Reprisals is a display of military force without firing a shot. False
16. Who among the following referred war as natural, tragic, and unpreventable? Realists
17. Retorsion is an unfriendly but legal act by a state to protest an act by another state that does
not involve armed force. True
18. Demonstrations is a coercive measure to make a state reach a settlement or to punish another
state for a past wrong. False
19. A just war must have a just cause. Which of the following can be considered a just cause? All of
the above
20. The state department of US has identified Cuba, Iraq, Iran, Libya, North Korea and Syria as states
that conduct state-sponsored terrorism. True