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Political environment + industrial Political stability since early 1990s Single-state party and limited
policy under rule of EPRDF, with political freedom requires caution
relatively low country risk for companies doing business with
government and/or accustomed to
Efforts at market liberalization by more open environments
the government of Ethiopia,
including openness to foreign State control of economy remains
investment and privatization of significant, with key sectors off
state-owned businesses limits to foreign investors

Significant investment in public Stated-owned or partly own =>


infrastructure to build foundation unfair competition
for long-term growth
OVERALL: ROLE OF GOV -
Favorable tax and customs regime significant
for businesses that match criteria for
government growth priorities (e.g.,
local manufacturing)

OVERALL: Market
attractiveness degree has been
increased

Ease of doing business Ease of doing business relatively Ease of doing business remains poor
developed by global standards

Construction and property Investor protection, cross-border


registration relatively easier than it trade among areas where
is in other SSA cosuntries performance is relatively poor

 Face challenges when


invest in this market
=> affect the way to
entry
Market opportunity Population: more than 90m When compared to global standard:

Ranked 6th For Market OPP GDP per capita remains low, below
most comparison countries
Fast- growing economy; GDP
Possible limits to addressable
 PURCHASING market due to income inequality
and low urbanization rate
POWER
 Bottom of the
pyramid segment need

Market access Supplier opportunity through lower Fragmented distribution limits


costs and access to potential addressable market and drives up
growing market costs

Wholesale and retail business


reserved for Ethiopian businesses
only

Local knowledge, relationships,


and customs are paramount and
may require reliance on local
partners

 Affect to entry mode

Competitive Position Limited competition due to legacy Global brand strength may be
of state-controlled economy, mitigated in environment where
creating opportunities for new foreign influence has been limited
entrants and small upstarts are on level
playing field
 Market gap
Protection of intellectual property
may be costly and/or difficult

 Difficult to compete
by differentiation

Human resources Low wages can create significant Cross-cultural management may be
cost advantage for labor-intensive difficult for foreign firms, leading to
businesses preference for hiring costly
Ethiopian diaspora
 Cut cost. Improve VC
 Management
Other Infrastructure challenges for
transport, power,
telecommunications can drive costs

High imported duties: make


offshore products less competitive
on local market

 Barriers to WOS or
export (International
business perspective)

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