Statistics and Probability

Activity Sheets
Quarter 3 – MELC 5
Computing Probabilities
Corresponding to a Given Random
Variable

11

REGION VI – WESTERN VISAYAS

 Statistics and Probability – Grade 11
Activity Sheet No. 05
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Region 6 – Western Visayas

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in
any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other
things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

This Learning Activity Sheet is developed by DepEd Region 6 – Western

Visayas.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the DepEd Regional Office 6 – Western Visayas.

Development Team of Statistics and Probability Activity Sheet

Writer: Ian T. Tacsagon

Illustrator: Ian T. Tacsagon

Layout Artist: Ian T. Tacsagon

Schools Division Quality Assurance Team:

Ligaya H. Montelijao, EPS-Mathematics
Leila G. Valencia, EPS-LR
Jezereel Grace G. Tiron
Bernie P. Alcedo
Division of Iloilo City Management Team:
Ma. Luz M. De los Reyes, SDS
Ernesto F. Servillon Jr., ASDS
Arlo L. Villalva, CID Chief
Dr. Jerry M. Lego, SGOD Chief
Leila G. Valencia, EPS-LR
Ligaya H. Montelijao, EPS-Mathematics
Regional Management Team
Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma
Dr. Josilyn S. Solana
Dr. Elena P. Gonzaga
Mr. Donald T. Genine
Mr. Adonis Mosquera
Introductory Message
Welcome to Statistics and Probability for Senior High School!

The Learning Activity Sheet is a product of the collaborative efforts of the

Schools Division of Iloilo City and DepEd Regional Office VI - Western Visayas
through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). This is
developed to guide the learning facilitators (teachers, parents and responsible
adults) in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Basic
Education Curriculum.

The Learning Activity Sheet is self-directed instructional materials aimed

to guide the learners in accomplishing activities at their own pace and time using
the contextualized resources in the community. This will also assist the learners in
acquiring the lifelong learning skills, knowledge and attitudes for productivity and
employment.

For learning facilitator:

The Statistics and Probability for Senior High School will help you
facilitate the teaching-learning activities specified in each Most Essential Learning
Competency (MELC) with minimal or no face-to-face encounter between you and
learner. This will be made available to the learners with the references/links to
ease the independent learning.

For the learner:

The Statistics and Probability for Senior High School is developed to

help you continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material
provides you with meaningful and engaging activities for independent learning.
Being an active learner, carefully read and understand the instructions then
perform the activities and answer the assessments. This will be returned to your
facilitator on the agreed schedule.
 Quarter 3, Week 2

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) No. 5

Name of Learner: ___________________ Grade and Section: _________________

Date: _____________________________

STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY ACTIVITY SHEET

Computing Probabilities Corresponding to a Given Random Variable

I. Learning Competency with Code

Computes probabilities corresponding to a given random variable.
(M11/12SP-IIIa-6)

II. Background Information for Learners

Many events can't be predicted with total certainty. The best we can say is
how likely are they to happen using the idea of probability. We use probability in
finding the chance that heads will appear when tossing a fair coin, the likelihood
of winning in a lottery and in some other game of chance.

To understand further about the probability, let’s have some of these

experiments as a review:

Find the probability of the following events.

Event (E) Probability P (E)
1. Getting an even number in a single roll of a die
2. Getting a head when tossing a fair coin
3. Getting a number greater than 4 in a single roll of a
die
4. Getting a 10 when a card is drawn from a deck
5. Getting a sum of 6 or a sum of 10 when two
dice are rolled

Solution:

1. The event of getting an even number has three outcomes: 2, 4, or 6. Since

3
there are 6 faces in a die, then the probability of getting an even number is
6
1
or .
2
2. The event of getting a head when tossing a fair coin has only 1 outcome. So,
1
its probability is since there are only two possible outcomes when you toss
2
a coin.
3. The event of getting a number greater than 4 in a single roll of a die has two
outcomes: 5, and 6. Since there are 6 faces in a die, then the probability of
2 1
getting a number greater than 4 is or .
6 3
4. The event of getting a 10 when a card is drawn from a deck is 4. Since there
4 1
are 52 faces in a deck of cards, then the probability of getting a 10 is or
52 13
.
5. The event of getting a sum of 6 when two dice are rolled has 5 outcomes:
5
{(1,5), (5,1),(2,4),(4,2), (3,3)}.Hence, the probability is
.The event of getting
36
a sum of 10 when two dice are rolled has 3 outcomes: {(4,6),(6,4),(5,5)}.
3 1
Hence, the probability is ∨ .
36 12
The probability of getting a sum of 6 or a sum of 10 when two dice are rolled is
number of pairs with sums of 6 number of pairs with sums of 10
P(sum of 6 or sum of 10)= +
total number of outcomes total number of outcomes
5 3 8 2
+ == or .
36 36 36 9
Example 1: The Demand for Laptops in the New Normal

The daily demand for laptops in the new normal in a computer store has
the probability distribution as follows:
Number of Laptops (X) Probability P(X)
5 0.20
6 0.12
7 0.15
8 0.18
9 0.25
10 0.06
12 0.04
a. What is the probability that 8 or more laptops will be demanded in a
particular day?
b. What is the probability that the demand will be at least 7 but not more than
10 laptops?
c. What is the probability that the demand will be at most 9 laptops?

Solution:
 a. The probability that 8 or more laptops will be demanded in a particular
day means P (X≥ 8). This means that you have to add P(X=8), P(X=9),
P (X= 10), and (X= 12).
P (X≥ 8) = P(8) + P(9) + P(10) + P(12)
then, substitute its corresponding probability
= 0.18 + 0.25 + 0.06 + 0.04
= 0.53
b. The probability that the demand will be at least 7 but not more than 10
laptops means P(7≤ X ≤10 ¿ . This means that you have to add P(X=7),
P(X=8), P (X= 9), and (X= 10).
P(7≤ X ≤10 ¿ = 0.15 + 0.18 + 0.25 + 0.06
= 0.64
c. The probability that the demand will be at most 9 laptops means P(X
≤ 9 ¿. This means that you have to add P(X=9), P(X=8), P (X= 7), P (X=
6), and (X= 5).
P(X ≤ 9 ¿ = 0.25 + 0.18 + 0.15 + 0.12 + 0.20
= 0.90

Example 2: Tardiness
The recorded tardiness of the students as reflected in School Form 2 of
the adviser is presented in the probability distribution below.

X 0 1 2 3 4
3 2 2 2 1
         
P(X) 10 10 10 10 10

a. What is the probability that the number of tardy students is greater than or
equal to 3?
b. What is the probability that the number of tardy students is at least 3?
c. What is the probability that the number of tardy students is greater than 1
but less than 4?

Solution:

a. P(X > 3) = P(3) + P(4)

2 1
= +
10 10
3
=
10

b. P(X < 3) = P(3) + P(2) + P(1) + P(0)

 2 2 2 3
= + + +
10 10 10 10
9
=
10

c. P(1 < X < 4) = P(2) + P(3)

2 2
= +
10 10
4 2
= or
10 5

III. Accompanying DepEd Textbook and Education Sites

Alferez, M.S. & Duro, M.A. (2006). MSA Statistics and Probability. MSA
Publishing House. Reprinted 2016.

Belecina, R. R.et.al. (2016). Statistics and Probability. First Edition. Rex Book
Store, Inc.

CHED. Statistics and Probability. Pasig City: Department of Education -

Bureau of Learning Resources

https://www.mathsisfun.com/data/probability.html

https://www.bworldonline.com/ameliorating-the-social-amelioration-program/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayanihan_to_Heal_as_One_Act

IV. Activity Proper

General Directions: In answering the exercises in the Learning Activity Sheet

(LAS), please be reminded not to write anything here. All answers must be
written in a separate sheet of paper. Read each problem carefully and answer it
systematically. If a solution is required, encircle your final answer.

Exercise 1: Social Amelioration Program (SAP)

The Bayanihan to Heal as One Act, also known as the Bayanihan Act,
and officially designated as Republic Act No. 11469, is a law in the Philippines
that was enacted in March 2020 granting the President additional authority to
combat the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines.
 Like many countries, the Philippines has implemented cash transfer
programs to support the displaced and the vulnerable. The government was
quick to enact a law to alleviate the public health crisis. Among the most salient
features of the Bayanihan to Heal as One Act was the allocation of P199.975
billion to the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) to fund its
Social Amelioration Program (SAP).

The Social Amelioration Program grants a P5,000 to P8,000 monthly cash

subsidy to low-income families for two months, depending on the area of
residence. The subsidies provided the marginalized sectors of society the means
to afford basic needs during the pandemic. The given data shows the probability
distribution among the age categories of the beneficiaries.

Age Categories (X) Probability P(X)

36 - 40 0.05

41 - 45 0.10

46 - 50 0.10

51 - 55 0.20

56 - 60 0.10

61 - 65 0.15

66 - 70 0.25

71 - 75 0.05

Guide Questions:

a. What is the probability that at least 61 years old beneficiary will receive the
SAP?
b. What is the probability that at most 60 years old beneficiaries will receive the
SAP?
c. What is the probability that at least 61 years old but less than 71 years old
beneficiaries will receive the SAP?
d. What is the probability that the 66 years old and above beneficiaries will
receive the SAP?

Exercise 2: Cellphone Units Sold in Time of Pandemic

The following data show the probabilities for the number of cellphones
 sold in a given day at the mall.

Number of Cellphones (X) Probability P(X)

0 0.050

1 0.100

2 0.150

3 0.200

4 0.150

5 0.050

6 0.050

7 0.100

8 0.045

9 0.055

10 0.050

a. Find P(X < 5)

b. Find P(X > 7)
c. Find P(X < 4)
d. Find P(X > 8)
e. Find P(1 < X < 9)
 f. Find P(0 < X < 6)

Key to Solution

Exercise 1
a. P(X > 61) = 0.45
b. P(X < 60) = 0.55
c. P(61 < X < 71) = 0.40
d. P(X > 66) = 0.30

Exercise 2
a. P(X < 5) = 0.65
b. P(X > 7) = 0.15
c. P(X < 4) = 0.65
d. P(X > 8) = 0.15
e. (1 < X < 9) = 0.75
f. P(0 < X < 6) = 0.70