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 He used the name Jose Rizal instead of Jose Mercado.

MULTIRACIAL ANCESTRY (He followed the advice of his brother, Paciano, to use the name Jose
1. Spanish and Japanese Rizal instead of Jose Mercado.)
2. Chinese (He feared that Rizal might run into trouble if it was known openly that
3. Malayo-Polynesian they were brothers since Paciano was known to have links to Jose Burgos.)
4. Negrito
 Ateneo Municipal was known to offer the best education for boys

Q&A: run by Jesuit Fathers.

(Like all colleges in Manila, Ateneo was managed by priests, but with
1. When and where was Rizal born? an important difference in the sense that these religious were not friars but
- CALAMBA, JUNE 19, 1861 (BETWEEN 11 AND Jesuit fathers.)
MIDNIGHT, WEDNESDAY)
2. What did Rizal’s aya do to make him take supper?  Ateneo was also known for its rigid discipline and religious
- FRIGHTENED HIM WITH APPARITIONS OF ASUANG, instruction that trained students’ character.
NUNO, OR PARCE NOBIS  Students were required to attend masses in the morning before the
3. How many sister/s and brother/s does Rizal have? start of classes.
- 9 SISTERS, 1 BROTHER (PACIANO), AND RIZAL (11
CHILDREN IN TOTAL)
4. What does his mother make them recite altogether?  Students in Ateneo were divided into two groups, Romans and
- ROSARY Carthaginians.
5. What was Rizal’s first grief? (The Roman Empire was composed of students hoarding at Ateneo
- DEATH OF HIS SISTER CONCHA (4 YEARS OLD) HE while the Carthaginian Empire was composed of non-boarding students.)
SHED TEARS OF LOVE AND GRIEF (This was done to stimulate the spirit of competition among the
6. Who told Rizal his first lessons in Latin? students.)
- AN OLD MAN (A CLASSMATE OF HIS FATHER)
7. Where was Rizal sent for his first formal education?  The title “emperor” was given to Rizal just in months time.
- BINAN (The title emperors was given to the most outstanding student in the
8. How does Rizal described his first teacher – Justiniano Aquino? class.)
- TALL, THIN, LONG NECKED, WITH SHARP NOSE, AND
BODY SLIGHTLY BENT FORWARD  After 5 years, he passed the oral examination on March 14, 1877
9. Who was Andres Salandanan? and graduated with a degree of Bachiller en Artes with the highest
- A BOY WHO INVITED HIM TO A FIGHT AND THEN HE honors.
LOST
10. What was the usual punishment being given to Rizal in school? STUDENT OF MANILA (University of Sto. Tomas)
- BEATINGS ON THE HAND (RARELY WAS THE DAY
THAT HE WAS NOT WHIPPED OR GIVEN AT LEAST 5  After finishing Bachiller en Artes, Rizal was sent by Don Francisco
OR 6 BEATINGS) to the University of Santo Tomas.
11. What was the nickname given to him by his classmates? (Dona Teodora opposed the idea)
- CALAMBENO
12. What was the incident he had with his nephew Leandro which would  During his freshman (1877 - 1878), he attended the course
have caused his life? Philosophy and Letters; took up a vocational course in Ateneo that
- THEY WENT TO THE RIVER, HE WAS PUSHED DOWN gave him the title “perito agrimensor”.
BY HIM AND HE ALMOST DROWN FOR THE CURRENT (Perito agrimensor or Expert surveyor)
WAS ALREADY PULLING HIM. THIS CAUSE HIM SOME
LASHES OF SLIPPERS FROM HIS AUNT AND A GOOD  In his second year, he shifted to Medicine.
REPRIMAND. (Due to his mother’s failing eye sight)
13. What did Rizal rode in going back to Calamba?
- STEAMER NAMED TALIM (GATHERED LITTLE STONE  Rizal’s academic performance in UST was not as impressive as that
FROM THE RIVER AS SOUVENIR AND BADE GOODBYE in Ateneo.
TO WITH HIS FRIENDS AND TEACHERS) (He was a good student in Medicine but not as gifted as he was in Arts and
14. What was the name used by Rizal in writing the memoir? Letters.)
- P. JACINTO
 He was still one of the 7 students who remained in the course in his
last year at UST out of the original batch of 24.
PPT #4
RIZAL IN EUROPE
RIZAL’S LIFE: HIGHER EDUCATION AND LIFE
ABROAD  In 1882, Rizal and Paciano made a secret pact — Rizal would go to
Europe to complete his medical studies there and prepare himself for
STUDENT OF MANILA (Ateneo Municipal) the great task of liberating the country from Spanish tyranny.
 On May 03,1882, Rizal left the Philippines for Spain.
 Rizal was sent by his father to Ateneo Municipal (Escuela Pia) for
a six-year program, Bachiller en Artes. (In his first trip abroad, Rizal was very excited to learn new things.
 Rizal studied in Ateneo from 1872 - 1877. He was only 20 years old and as a young man; he was very observant and
(He took the entrance exam on June 10, 1872, four months after the eager to interact with foreign nationals. He made sketches of his fellow
execution of GomBurZa) passengers and of the things that he saw during his travels.)

Isaiah 41:10 — “Fear not, for I am with you; be not dismayed, for I am your God; I will strengthen you, I will help you, I will uphold you with my righteous right hand.”
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 He reached Barcelona on June 16, 1882.  Filipinos in Madrid occasionally visited Don Pablo Ortiga y Rey.
 He arrived during the summer vacation so he was able to meet up with (Filipinos occasionally visited Don Pablo, the former City Mayor of
former classmates in Ateneo. Manila under the term of Gov. Gen. Carlos Maria dela Torre.)

(These classmates organized a welcome party for Rizal at a coffee
house in Plaza de Cataluña. They also toured Rizal around the city and
brought him to historical sites in Barcelona.)
 In Barcelona, he found time to write “El Amor Patrio” (Love of
Country); published on August 20,1882 in Diariong Tagalog; he used
the pen name Laong Laan.
 After the summer vacation, he decided to move to Madrid where he
enrolled in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters at the Universidad
Central de Madrid on November 03, 1882.
 He also took lessons in painting and sculpture at the Academia de San
Francisco, and classes in French, English, and German at the Madrid
Ateneo.
 Also, he still managed to enroll to fencing class schools Sanz and
Carbonell.
 Rizal joined his fellow Filipino at Don Pablo’s house where he met and
get attracted to Consuelo, “A Señorita C.O.y R.”.
(Rizal did not pursue her because of his commitment to Leonor Rivera.
His friend, Eduardo de Lete was also in love with Consuelo but did not want
to ruin their friendship. He wrote a poem to Consuelo entitled, “A Señorita
C.O.y R.”)
 During his stay in Germany he befriended different scholars like
Fredrich Ratzel.
 Through Ferdinand Blumentritt, Rizal was able to meet Feodor Jagor
and Hans Virchow.
(Feodor Jagor and Hans Virchow were anthropologists who were
doing studies on Philippine culture.)
 He mastered German Language and wrote Tagalische Verkunst
(Tagalog Metrical Art); translated Schiller’s William Tell in Tagalog
(1886).

 After 2 years, he was awarded with the degree and title of Licentiate in  He finished Noli in Berlin and published it with the help of Maximo
Medicine for passing the medical examinations in June 1884. Viola (March 21, 1887).

 He continued in enrolling in courses that would have led to a (Noli is supposedly group project turned individual)
Doctorate in Medicine but the degree was not given to him because
he failed to pay the fee required to defend his thesis.  After five years in Europe, Rizal went home to Calamba on August 08,
1887.
(With this title “Licentiate in Medicine”, Rizal was able to
practice medicine.)  Opened a medical clinic and cured the sick.
(At this time, Rizal was already feeling the effect of the difficult
economic situation in Calamba. His family faced financial problems brought  Doctor Uliman.
about by low crop production because of drought and locusts aggravated by
the hike in rentals on the haciendas by the Dominicans. Consequently, there
were delays in his monthly allowance from the Philippines.)

 He also obtained the degree Licenciado en Filosofia y Letras

(Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters) from the Universidad Central
de Madrid on June 19, 1885 with a rating of sobresaliente.

(Won the first prize in Greek and a grade of excellent in history.)

 In between his studies, Rizal made time for meeting fellow Filipinos in
Madrid, ilustrados (enlightened ones); Circulo Hispano – Filipino.
(Circulo Hispano which held informal programs with activities like
poetry-reading and debates)

 He was ask to write a poem, Mi Piden Versos (They Ask me For

Verses)

 In one of the Filipino reunions at the house of Pedro Paterno in Madrid

on January 02, 1884, Rizal proposed the writing of the novel about
the Philippine society.

 The group approved the project but the plan did not materialize.

 While in Madrid, he was exposed to liberal ideas through the masons

he met.

(His fellow Filipinos who agreed to help him did not write
anything so he drafted the novel alone.)
(He was impressed with the masons’ view about knowledge and
reasoning and how they value brotherhood. He joined the Masonry and
became a master Mason at the Lodge Solidaridad on November 15, 1890.)

Isaiah 41:10 — “Fear not, for I am with you; be not dismayed, for I am your God; I will strengthen you, I will help you, I will uphold you with my righteous right hand.”