BIBAPHC

_PHNPKGK _KPK FK KL[QIRIBIÒC Y LARKPPHFFH LA FK BK_KBILKL

KP\IBQFK\HPIK

KQ\HPK: GKPIK _KZ RAIUKCA BH@H

FKGICKR _KPK AF AC\PACKGIAC\H EHCÉ\IBH

GKPIK UKF GK\AHR PIHR

Lapkrtkgacth la Icvastinkbiòc y Astulihs laf Aquiph KF@HP la

_RIBHFHNÇK.
 

ICLIBA

KNPKLABIGIAC\HR................................................................................................ 0
IC\PHLQBBIÒC ................................
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....... 0
EQCLKGAC\H ..............................
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H@JA\IUHR ..............................
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AUKFQKBIÒC ...............................
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GA\HLHFHNÇK ............................
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EHCAGK /@/ ..........................................................
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................... 1
EHCAGK /BD/ ............................................................
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EHCAGK /L/ ..........................................................................
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.... ;?
EHCAGK /E/ .........................................................
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................... ;0
EHCAGK /N/ .........................................................
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..................... ;1
EHCAGK /J/ .....................................................................
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.......... ;4
EHCAGK /M/ ...........................................................
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................... 0?
EHCAGK /F/.......................
/F/.........................................................
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EHCAGK /FF/ ............................................................
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............. 05
EHCAGK /G/ ............................................................
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.................. 04
EHCAGK /C/ ........................................................
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EHCAGK /Û/ ........................................................
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................... 2<
EHCAGK /_/ ............................
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EHCAGK /P/ ..........................................................
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EHCAGK /PP/ ............................................................
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EHCAGK /R/ ............................
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EHCAGK /\/ .........................................................
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EHCAGK /Z/ ............................
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RICEHCAR /pf/, /`f/, /ef/, /ef/, /pr/, /`r/, /er/ /er/ ....................................................
................................ 1<
RICEHCAR /bf/, /nf/,
/nf/, /tr/, /lr/, /br/, /nr/ .................................................... ........................ 19

KNPKLABIGIAC\HR.

Lasah axpraskr kquç gi knrklabigiacth k Jhsé Fuis Nkfva Gkczkch, Bhhrlicklhr laf Lapkrtkgacth _sibhpalknònibh laf Aquiph KF@HP y
bhgpkûarh actrkûk`fa, quiéc ga suniriò fk brakbiòc la asta _rhnrkgk y ga kcigò bhcstkctagacta lurkcta su rakfizkbiòc, kyulëclhga
bhc sus sunaracbiks y bhgactkrihs. Ksigisgh, quiarh lajkr bhcstkcbik la kyulk, ëcigh y bhfk`hrkbiòc rabi`ilhs la thlhs gis
bhgpkûarhs y, la gkcark aspabikf, quiarh gacbihckr fk vkfihsk tkrak la Afack, cuastrk quarilçsigk sabratkrik, quiac bhgpush y gkquatò
uck y htrk vaz af hrinickf, dkstk lajkrfh k cuastrk actark sktisekbbiòc.

K thlhs affhs, rapith uck vaz gës: NPKBIKR.

IC\PHLQBBIÒC

Bhc `kstkcta erabuacbik, ac af ërak la fhs trksthrchs laf dk`fk, acbhctrkghs ciûhs y ciûks bhc laeibits krtibufkthrihs qua keabtkc kf
kspabth ehcétibh laf facnukja, fhs bukfas raquiarac uc trktkgiacth aspabieibh y sistagëtibh pkrk su rabuparkbiòc.

Asths laeibits sa latabtkc k fhs < h 1 kûhs, parsistiaclh k pkrtir la kquç uck rabasiòc ac af bhgphcacta ehcétibh, qua igpila uck
bhrrabtk eucbihckfilkl laf dk`fk.

Fhs ciûhs keabtklhs acbuactrkc lieibuftklas pkrk rafkbihckrsa sktisekbthrikgacta la gkcark var`kf, bhicbiliaclh asth, klagës, bhc af
prigar parihlh la asbhfkrizkbiòc, ac af bukf asta tiph la bhgucibkbiòc var`kf klquiara su gëxigk igphrtkcbik ac af prhbash la
laskrrhffh laf facnukja. Af ciûh bhgiaczk k utifizkr asta bhgh galih pkrk ranufkr su bhclubtk y cabasitk la éf pkrk klquirir fks
dk`ifilklas prhpiks la su alkl.
_hr affh, fk gkyhr h gachr nrkvalkl la fhs léeibit krtibufkthrihs icefuirë canktivkgacta ac fhs prhbashs la kpraclizkja sh`ra thlh la fk
fabth-asbriturk.

Af BIBAPHC sa laskrrhffk bhgh icstrugacth la kyulk kf tébcibh fhnhpalk qua sa acbkrnk la kyulkr k suparkr libdhs laeibits.

0
 

_hr htrk pkrta, as ésta uc prhnrkgk sic thpa la alkl y kpfibkbiòc, yk qua fks kftarkbihcas krtibufkthriks pualac parsistir dkstk alklas
guy kvkczklks. Ric ag`krnh, si dky uck alkl gçcigk pkrk bhgaczkr su kpfibkbiòc y shc fhs < h 1 kûhs gacbihcklhs bhc kctarihrilkl. Fk
rkzòc as sacbiffk: af ciûh vk laskrrhffkclh prhnrasivkgacta su dk`ifilkl var`kf lasla fhs prigarhs gasas la vilk dkstk fhs 1-5 kûhs
kprhxigklkgacta, fh bukf quiara labir qua k fhs 2 kûhs phr ajagpfh, a icbfush k fhs <, astkrë laskrrhffkclh fhs livarshs bhgphcactas laf
facnukja icbfuyaclh af ehcétibh. Rarçk puas icklabuklh ictarvacir ac af kspabth krtibufkthrih la gkcark aspabieibk y sistagëtibk k uck
alkl lagksiklk tagprkck, yk qua af ciûh sa acbuactrk thlkvçk ac uc prhbash la laskrrhffh.

EQCLKGAC\H

Af BIBAPHC sa pfkctak bhgh uc prhnrkgk sistagktizklh, bhc euclkgacth ac fk \AHPIK LAF K_PACLIZKJA y, bhgh tkf, sa suniara su
kpfibkbiòc bhc af gëxigh kphyh ac fks \ÉBCIBKR LA K_PACLIZKJA LAPIUKLKR LA LIBDK \AHPIK. Asth as:
 AF GHFLAKGIAC\H h tébcibk la kprhxigkbihcas subasivks, bklk uck la fks bukfas la`a la sar raehrzklk la gkcark
var`kf, nastukf y si as phsi`fa gktarikf, bhc kyulk la sacbiffhs ‖raehrzklhras‗, ‖saffhs‗,‗`hchs‗,‗vkfas‗,‗eibdks‗,atb...,
bkcjak`fas phr raehrzklhras la kbbiòc.
 AF GHLAFKLH, ekbifitkclh bhcstkctagacta fk h`sarvkbiòc la uc ghlafh qua ajabuta fk bhclubtk var`kf qua sa fa prhphca.
Asth axina igprasbicli`fagacta af ush laf aspajh y uc actracklhr `iac kliastrklh ac fk ajabubiòc la ghvigiacths
krtibufkthrihs bfkrhs y pareabtkgacta lisbrigick`fas phr af ciûh.
 FKR KYQLKR, qua ekbifitac fk bhrrabtk agisiòc laf ehcagk, fks bukfas la`arëc sar prhnrasivkgacta ktacuklks, ac fk galilk
ac qua af ciûh vkyk siaclh bkpkz la krtibufkr klabuklkgacta phr si shfh. _hr fh nacarkf, astks kyulks astëc bhcstituilks phr
icstrugacths qua ekbifitkc kf ciûh
ci ûh fk bhrrabtk krtibufkbiòc laf ehcagk k kpraclar.

H@JA\IUHR
H@JA\IUH NACAPKF: fhnrkr uc thtkf lhgicih krtibufkthrih la thlhs fhs ehcagks y nruphs ehcagëtibhs la fk facnuk bkstaffkck.
 
H@JA\IUHR AR_ABIEIBHR:
 Laskrrhffh la fhs prarraquisiths cabaskrihs pkrk fk bhrrabtk agisiòc laf dk`fk: ;)bhctrhf y lhgicih la fk raspirkbiòc,
0)bhctrhf y lhgicih laf shpfh, 2) ghvifilkl y bhhrlickbiòc la fhs òrnkchs qua ictarviacac ac af dk`fk.
 Laskrrhffh la fk bkpkbilkl pkrk rakfizkr fks liearactas phsibihcas la fhs ehcagks la fk facnuk bkstaffkck.
 Laskrrhffh la fk bkpkbilkl pkrk agitir fh?s liearactas ehcagks la ehrgk kisfklk.
 Ictrhlubbiòc laf ehcagk galikcta af facnukja rapatilh ac: sifk`ks, bhg`ickbihcas sifë`ibks, pkfk`rks, erksas, varshs,
klivickczks y trk`kfacnuks.
 Laskrrhffh la fk bkpkbilkl pkrk agitir pkfk`rks y erksas pkrtiaclh la ifustrkbihcas qua bhctacnkc af ehcagk trktklh, sic qua
axistk ghlafklh phr pkrta laf tarkpautk.
H@JA\IUHR H_APK\IUHR:
As af bhcjucth la kbtivilklas qua sa acgkrbkc lactrh la bklk uch la fhs h`jativhs aspabçeibhs kctarihras, raearilhs la ehrgk bhcbratk
pkrk bklk ehcagk.

AUKFQKBIÒC

Bukfquiar ghlkfilkl la Ictarvacbiòc Alubktivk axina uck avkfukbiòc la fk situkbiòc icibikf, af h`jath la phlar astk`fabar tkcth fks
pkutks alubktivks h ra-alubklhrks bksi siagpra la kbuarlh bhc uc raearacta chrgktivh, bhgh fhs britarihs la prhnrash ac fk kpfibkbiòc
la libdk ictarvacbiòc.

Lklh qua af BIBAPHC sa dk laskrrhffklh k pkrtir laf Axkgac Fhnhpélibh la krtibufkbiòc (A.F.K. ‒ KF@HP), pu`fibklh ac astk gisgk
alithrikf, bhcsilarkghs qua astk prua`k bhcstituya, uch la fhs gajhras icstrugacths lisphci`fas pkrk rakfizkr tkcth fk avkfukbiòc icibikf
bhgh fk bhrrasphcliacta k fhs prhnrashs tagphrkfas ac fk kpfibkbiòc laf _rhnrkgk.

Bhgh quiark qua ac af gkcukf la fk prua`k sa icbfuyac latkffklks icstrubbihcas la agpfah a ictarpratkbiòc la rasuftklhs la fk gisgk, k
affk ragitighs kf fabthr avitkclh axtaclarchs gës ac asta kpkrtklh.

2
 

GA\HLHFHNÇK

Astrubturk y ush laf gktarikf.

Af prhnrkgk bhcstk la tras pkrtas bfkrkgacta liearacbiklks, iclapacliactas actra sç.

I. PA[QIRI\HR _PAUIHR

  Ra prasactk ac prigar funkr fk pkrta ac fk bu bukf

kf sa klquiarac y laskrrhffkc fhs ranistrhs cabaskrihs pkrk uck bhrrabtk
bhrrabtk agisiòc
laf dk`fk. Astk bhcstk la:

AJAPBIBIHR PAR_IPK\HPIHR: phr galih la fhs bukfas sa acsaûk kf ciûh fk raspirkbiòc klabuklk la bklk
ehcagk, puasth qua fhs shcilhs ehcétibhs sa bfksieibkc phr su pucth y ghlh la krtibufkbiòc, bhcsistacta ac fk
ehrgk ac qua af kira skfa laf axtarihr ac bklk shcilh. Kctas la icibikr bukfquiar ajarbibih raspirkthrih, la`aghs
acsaûkr kf ciûh fk ehrgk nacéribk la raspirkbiòc bhrrabtk. _hr affh, as cabaskrih kyulkrfa k thgkr bhcbiacbik la su
prhpik raspirkbiòc, dkbar qua siactk bhgh actrk kira phr fk ckriz ac fhs pufghcas y skfa k bhcticukbiòc phr fk `hbk.
Bhcsanuilh asth, sa rakfizkrë af ajarbibih raspirkthrih `ësibh, bhcsistacta ac: ;)thgkr kira factk y prheuclkgacta
phr fk ckriz, dicbdkclh fk pkrta icearihr la fhs pufghcas, 0)ratacar uch h lhs sanuclhs, 2) axpufskr af kira phr fk
`hbk, lajkclh uck gçcigk pkrta ac fhs pufghcas. Ch utifizkr gks la ;? gicuths ac fk acsaûkczk la fk raspirkbiòc.

 AJAPBIBIHR LA RH_FH: shc acbkgicklhs k bhcsanuir af bhctrhf laf kira qua pksk k trkvés la fk `hbk y la su
bhhrlickbiòc bhc fhs òrnkchs krtibufkthrihs lurkcta af dk`fk.
 AJAPBIBIH
AJAPBI BIHRR FHNHBI
FHNHBICA\I
CA\IBHR
BHR:: lirinil
lirinilhs
hs kf las
laskrr
krrhff
hffhh la fk ghv
ghvifil
ifilkl
kl y bhhrli
bhhrlickb
ckbiòc
iòc la fhs òrnkch
òrnkchss
krtibufkthrihs cabaskrihs pkrk uck bhrrabtk agisiòc laf dk`fk. Fks pkutks pkrk ajabutkr asths ajarbibihs sarëc:
h`sarvkrë
h`sar vkrë fk phsibiòc
phsibiòc laf tarkpautk
tarkpautk kcta af aspajh, rakfizkrk buktrh vabas bklk ajarb
ajarbibih,
ibih, fh rakfizkrk
rakfizkrk facth kf
pricbipih y gks rëpilh bukclh dkyk klquirilh biartk dk`ifilkl. Ch utifizkr gks la ;? gicuths ac asths ajarbibihs.

II
II.. KL
KL[Q
[QIR
IRIB
IBIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHCA
EHCAGK
GK Y BHP
BHPPA
PABB
BBIH
IHC
CLLAA K
KF\
F\AP
APKB
KBIH
IHCA
CAR.
R.

Astk pkrta as fk acbkrnklk aspabçeibkgacta la ekvhrabar fk klquisibiòc h bhrrabbiòc la bklk ehcagk y agitirfh la ehrgk kisfklk.
 AJAPBIBIHR LA _HRIBIÒC LA FHR HPNKCHR EHCHKP\IBQFK\HPIHR.
Bukclh acsaûkghs fk phsibiòc fh dkraghs phr supuasth eracta kf aspajh, bhfhbëclhfk chshtrhs y sirviaclh ksç la ghlafh kf
ciûh. K bhcticukbiòc sarë éf quiéc rakfiba libdk phsibiòc, kyulklh phr chshtrhs, si euark cabaskrih, bhc cuastrks gkchs h uc
laprashr ficnukf, sanúc sa aspabieibk ac fks kbtivilklas.
Bukclh fk phsibiòc sak klabuklk, af ciûh axpufskrë af kira bhgh si astuviark agitiaclh af ehcagk kisfklkgacta, parh fh dkrë
sic vhz y prkbtibkrk asta ajarbibih.

 AJAPBIBIHR LA AGIRIÒC KIRFKLK LAF EHCAGK.

K bhcticukbiòc chs acbhctrkghs bhc uck saria la kbtivilklas aspabieibks pkrk bklk ehcagk, acbkrnklks la kefhrkr af gisgh
la ehrgk kisfklk. As fk pkrta gks igphrtkcta ac fk rabuparkbiòc krtibufkthrik, yk qua ac af ghgacth ac qua af ciûh as bkpkz
la phcar fk phsibiòc y agitir siguftëcakgacta af shcilh asta sa ictrhlubirë eëbifgacta ac sçfk`ks prigarh y pkfk`rks y erksas
laspués.

 AJAPBIBIHR LA KPAKR LA _APBA_BIÒC.

Lactrh laf `fhqua lasticklh k fk klquisibiò
klquisibiòcc y bhrrabbiòc
bhrrabbiòc axista uck pkrta ffkgklk ëraks la parbapbiòc,
parbapbiòc, qua sirvac bhgh
kphyh euclkgactkf. Ra trktk bhc affh la bkptkr af gkyhr cúgarh la parbapbihcas listictks ac bklk ehcagk, yk sakc éstks
visukfas, tëbtifas h kulitivks.

II
III.
I. IC\P
IC\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC LAF
LAF EHCA
EHCAGK
GK AC AF FA
FACN
CNQK
QKJA
JA PA_A
PA_A\I
\ILH
LH..

Qck vaz qua af facnukja as agitilh bhrrabtkga

bhrrabtkgacta
cta la ehrgk kisfklk,
kisfklk, dky qua ictrhlubirfh
ictrhlubirfh ac af facnukja
facnukja rapatilh, ac af bukf af
tarkpautk bhcstituya af ghlafh var`kf qua af ciûh la`a igitkr. Af hrlac k sanuir as af prasactklh ac af prhnrkgk: ;)rapatibiòc la
sçfk`ks as fk bhg`ickbiòc laf ehcagk bhc bklk uck la fks vhbkfas y, 0) rapatibiòc la sifk`ks bhg`icklks, lhcla sa agitac lhs
sçfk`ks bhg`ickclh fks vhbkfas ac asta hrlac: k, h, u, a, i, y kbactukclh fk sanuclk sçfk`k.
Bukclh af civaf la agisiòc la sçfk`ks bhg`icklks sak klabuklh, sa pkskrë k fk rapatibiòc la pkfk`rks, bhgaczkclh phr fks la gachr
axtacsiòc. La kquç k fk rapatibiòc la varshs, klivickczks, y trk`kfacnuks, lhcla af civaf krtibufkthrih raquarilh as gkyhr.
Asths varshs, klivickczks, trk`kfacnuks sa fa lirëc kf ciûh varsh phr varsh, bklk lhs varshs, h thlk fk astrhek, lapacliaclh la fk
bkpkbilkl icgaliktk la gaghrik qua phsak.
Af hrlac astk`fabilh ac af prhnrkgk as af klabuklh y ch sa la`a kftarkr, as labir, ch phlaghs trk`kjkr
trk`kjkr fk rapatibiòc la pkfk`rks
sic kctas fk la sçfk`ks, ci éstk kctas qua fk agisiòc kisfklk laf ehcagk.
Bhgh chrgk nacarkf trk`kjkraghs, ac prigar funkr, bhc fk phsibiòc lirabtk la fhs ehcagks, dkstk klquirir uc civaf, kf gachs la
rapatibiòc klabuklk la sçfk`ks bhg`icklks. Ch h`stkcta, si sa h`sarvk fk gkyhr ekbifilkl laf ciûh pkrk klquirir h laskrrhffkr af
ehcagk ac phsibiòc icvarsk, sa bhgaczkrë phr éstk, h trk`kjkraghs la ehrgk shpfklk bhc kg`ks.

<
 

IU. IC
IC\PH
\PHLQ
LQBBI
BBIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EHCAG
EHCAGK
K AC
AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJA
KJA LIPIN
LIPINILH
ILH Y AR_H
AR_HC\
C\ËCA
ËCAH
H (F
(FKGI
KGICK
CKR).
R).

Bukclh axistkc kftarkbihcas krtibufkthriks, siagpra agpazkraghs laskrrhffkclh fhs prarraquisiths, fk bhrrabbiòc la kftarkbihcas
prhpikgacta libdk y phstarihrgacta fk ictrhlubbiòc ac af facnukja rapatilh. Kdhrk `iac, asta úftigh prhphrbihck kf ciûh uc ghlafh
bhcticuh (af tarkpautk), cabaskrih pkrk laskrrhffkr fk dk`ifilkl krtibufkthrih, parh af h`jativh eickf as qua, asphctëcakgacta, agitk
uc facnukja axprasivh `iac krtibufklh. _krk affh, la`aghs pkskr k fk agisiòc lirinilk, qua bhcsistirë ac qua af ciûh vkyk agitiaclh af
facnukja bhc uc kphyh visukf (ac igënacas) qua la`arëc chg`rkr, kbarbëclhsa ksç k fk agisiòc bhrrabtk ac su axprasiòc
asphctëcak.
_krk ekbifitkrfh, af _rhnrkgk bhcstk la uck saria la fëgicks ac fks bukfas sa acbuactrkc li`ujhs qua bhctiacac thlhs fhs ehcagks y
sicehcas.
Bklk fëgick bhcstk la ;0 li`ujhs, qua bhrrasphclac k uc gisgh ehcagk. Ac affk, fhs li`ujhs astëc bhfhbklhs
bhfhbklhs hrlacklkgacta, la
gkcark qua kpkrazbkc ac phsibiòc icibikf prigarh y k bhcticukbiòc ac phsibiòc galik.

Fhs ehcagks qua prasactkc phsibiòc icvarsk kpkrabac jucths ac uck fëgick bhc ;0 li`ujhs tkg`iéc, lhcla af hrlac as,
prigarkgacta, af la icvarsk ac eickf la pkfk`rk y, k bhcticukbiòc, af la icvarsk ac galih la fk pkfk`rk.
Af ciûh la`arë chg`rkr bklk li`ujh trk`kjkclh la asta ghlh bhc thlks fks phsibihcas laf ehcagk, utifizkclh fhs pktrhcas
klabuklhs la ghvigiacth y lisbrigickclh kulitivkgacta fhs shcilhs k agitir (fh bukf sa dk`rë actracklh la ehrgk rapatilk ac fks
kbtivilklas bhrrasphcliactas).

Klagës la chg`rkr af li`ujh qua h`sarvk, bhcstituirë uck erksa ac fk qua ask pkfk`rk asté icbfuilk, keikczkclh ksç gës af
laskrrhffh la uc facnukja bhc uc civaf krtibufkthrih klabuklh.

ehcagks

EHCAGK @
@IFK@IKF HBFQRIUK RHCHPK
RQ LAEAB\H: @A\KBIRGH

I. PA[QIRI\HR _KPK FK BHPPAB\K AGIRIÒC LAF

L AF EHCAGK
;.;
;.; AJAP
AJAPBI
BIBI
BIHR
HR PAR_
PAR_IP
IPK\
K\HPHPIH
IHR.R.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira 0 h 2 sanuclhs. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk bhc fhs fk`ihs bksi jucths.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc factk sif`kclh sukvagacta.

;.0 AJAPBIBIHR LA RH_FH.

 Acbaclarë uck vafk bhfhbklk k 01 bg. \hgkrë af kira phr fk ckriz y shpfkrë sic kpknkr fk vafk, dkbiaclh qua fk ffkgk sa guavk
finarkgacta. Ra kbarbkrë fk vafk prhnrasivkgacta y af shpfh lisgicuirë la ictacsilkl pkrk ch kpknkrfk.
 Rhpfkrk sh`ra uck pafhtk la picn-phcn dkbiaclh qua éstk sa laspfkba factkgacta. Pakfizkrë pravikgacta uck icspirkbiòc
ckskf.

;.2 AJAPBIBIHR FHNHBICA\IBHR.

 @hbk k`iartk @hbk barrklk

Ghrrh Rhcrisk
 Fk`ih la krri`k guarla fk`ih k`kjh Fk`ih la k`kjh guarla fk`ih krri`k
 Ghrrh k fk larabdk Ghrrh k fk izquiarlk
 Acsaûkr fhs fk`ihs phr lactrh Asbhclar fhs fk`ihs
II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

 0.; AJAPBIBIHR LA _HRIBIÒC LA FHR HPNKCHR KP\IBQFK\HPIHR


Bhfhbkrë fks krbklks
facnuk astkrë lactkriks
ac raphsh y af vafh finarkgacta
laf pkfklkr acsapkrklks,
phsibiòc lafhsafavkbiòc
fk`ihs pargkcabac jucths
pkrk avitkr af bhcckskf.
asbkpa uck lé`if tacsiòc gusbufkr. Fk

1
 

0.0 AJAPBIBIHR LA AGIRIÒC KIRFKLK LAF EHCAGK

 Agitirë fk vhbkf /k/ la ehrgk bhcticuk,
bhctic uk, barrkclh factkgacta fhs fk`ihs dkbik h`tacar fk phsibiòc bhrrabtk.
 Agitirë af ehcagk /g/ la ehrgk bhcticuk y sapkrkrë fhs fk`ihs finarkgacta dkstk bhcsanuir fk phsibiòc y agisiòc la /`/ kf
tiagph qua fa tkpkghs fhs hrieibihs ckskfas.
 Af tarkpautk gkcipufkrë fhs fk`ihs laf ciûh phciaclh fk phsibiòc klabuklk la ésths y ehckrë aspirkclh af kira phr af hrieibih
k`iarth.
 Af tarkpautk shstaclrë af fk`ih icearihr avitkclh fk hbfusiòc thtkf y rakfizkclh af ciûh fk ehckbiòc ac astk phsibiòc.
 Agitirë af ehcagk /`/ taciaclh fk phsibiòc klabuklk la ehrgk bhcticuk.

0.2 AJAPBIBIHR LA KPAKR LA _APBA_BIÒC


_hclrë
fas.fkKgkch
vhbkfas.
vhbk sh`ra
bhcticukbiòccfk pkrta
bhcticukbiò dkrë fhkctarihr laf buaffh
gisgh bhc lurkcta
af shcilh fk agisiòckquç
/p/, chtkclh lafuck
ehcagk /`/, la
kusacbik chtkclh
vi`rk fk vi`rkbiòc
vi`rkbiòc.
biòc. la fkstabuarlks
_hstarihrgac
_hstarihrgacta af ciûh
agitirë kg`hs ehcagks bhfhbkclh fk gkch ac su fkricna, lisbrigickclh ksç fh bhrrabth la fh icklabuklh.
 _hclrë af lalh sh`ra cuastrh fk`ih icearihr kf agitir /`/. _hstarihrgacta phclrë su lalh ac su fk`ih lurkcta fk agisiòc laf
ehcagk.
 Ra bhfhbkrk uc aspajith `kjh fk ckriz lurkcta fk agisiòc laf ehcagk. Af ciûh h`sarvkrk qua ch la`a agpkûkrsa.
 Af tarkpautk la`arë agitir af ehcagk, parbi`iaclh af ciûh fk skfilk la kira ac su gkch. K bhcticukbiòc fh rakfizkrë éf,
utifizkclh su prhpik gkch.

0.< AJAPBIBIHR BHG_FAGAC\KPIHR

 Ictrhlubirë h`jaths la `kstkcta aspashr actra fhs fk`ihs y prasihckrk finarkgacta.

II
III.
I. IC\P
IC\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC LAF
LAF EHCA
EHCAGK
GK AC AF FA
FACN
CNQK
QKJA
JA PA_A
PA_A\I
\ILH
LH

2.; Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks.

 _krtiaclh la fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk laf ehcagk /`/ sa kûklirëc fks vhbkfas ac af sinuiacta hrlac:
  `...k, `...h, `...u, `...a, `...i.


  Papatirë
`k, `h,fks sçfk`ks
`u, sic
`a, prhfhcnkbiòc
`i. laf ehcagk:

2.0 Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks bhg`icklks.

2.0.; Bhc af ehcagk trktklh

  @k`k `k`h `k`u

`k`u `k`a
`k`a `k`i
`k`i
  @h`k `h`h `h`u
`h`u `h`a
`h`a `h`i
`h`i
  @u`k `u`h `u`u `u`a `u`i
  @a`k ``a`h
a`h `a`u
`a`u `a`a `a`i
  @i`k `i`h `i`u `i`a `i`i
2.0.0. Bhc eh
ehccagks laf gis
isg
gh pucth la krtibufkbiò
iòc.
c.
@kpk `kph `kpu `kpa `kpi @kgk `kgh `kgu `kga `kgi
@hpk `hph `hpu `hpa `hpi @hgk `hgh `hgu `hga `hgi
@upk `uph `upu `upa `upi @ugk `ugh `ugu `uga `ugi
@apk
@ipk `aph
`iph `apu `apa `api
`ipu `ipa `ipi @agk
@igk `agh
`igh `agu
`igu `aga
`iga `agi
`igi

2.2. PA_A\IBIÒC LA _KFK@PKR

2.2.;. _HRIBIÒC ICIBIKF.
vkf vkfa `krkth `hbk vhz `utkbk vack vafatk vikr
vkffk vkffa vkjiffk `htaffk vuafh `utkch vank varalk vibih
vknk `kdçk `kbifh `hcith `uqua `ueata `a`a `affazk vilk
`kbda `kckck vhth `hbick `urrh `uekclk `abk `acith viajh
vkbk `kfklk `htk `hvalk `uzh `ur`ujk `aféc `affhtk viacth
`kifa `kfilh `hffh `hvich `uzòc `uay `affh `a`ar vich
`kfk vkbifa `htòc `hquiffk `ufk vaz varkch `ih `iffkr
`k`k `kjklk `hfh `hfilh `ueòc vafk vanatkf `is
`kfòc `kfkzh `hlk `hbklh `ujçk valk vafklh vçk
vikjarh vinifk `inhta `imici
Uibacta viffkch `iffata vç`hrk

5
 

2.2.0. _HRIBIÒC GALIK

@k`k K`kcibh Ba`h @hg`hcas Rk`uash Ffkva K`ajk Ffuvik Hviffh

Nk`ëc Bk`kûk Bk`h Fkvk`h Ag`ulh Jhvac Hvajk Ffkvçc Raviffk
Jkvk Rk`kck Cuavh \h`hnëc K`uafh Bk`a K`ath Kviòc Da`iffk
Buavk Fkvklhrk _kvh K`hnklh K`ush Cu`a Kvaffkck Bh`i nk`icata
Ek`klk Nk`krlick Ckvh @kg`ú Eë`ufk Bk`affh \u`arçk Favitk
Bk`kffh Jk`òc Ck`h H`us @k`ubdk Kvack Kfek`ath Kvish
\k`kbh Pk`h K`hch \k`ú \k`urata Bk`azk Pu`ik Fú`ick
Jhrh`k \u`h Ba`hffk \i`uròc Kva @k`arh fk`ih Bk`ick

2.< PA_A\IBIHC LA EPKRAR

2.<.; _HRIBIÒC ICIBIKF.

 Astë `uach af `hffh  Bhgpré uc `kfòc guy `krkth

 Lhy uc `ash kf `a`a  Fhs `iffatas astk`kc viajhs
 Fk `ktk tiaca vaicta `hthcas  Ac varkch ga kshgh k fk vactkck
 Af viarcas ga pusa fks `htks  Fk `kclajk astk`k vkbçk la `a`ilks
 Ga `kûa ac fk `kûark  Af vaclalhr la `htaffks la vich `kjò k fk `hlank

2.<.0 _HRIBIHC GALIK

 Fk bk`ick astk`k viajk  Uibacta su`irë kf bk`kffh
 Bhgç fu`ick ac Kfkvk  Uhfvç k var bhgh `kifk`k @anhûk
 Gis `htks shc `uacks  Fk bk`kfnktk la Payas su`iò phr fk Kvacilk
 Af k`ath as uc ër`hf  Asbri`ç uck bkrtk bukclh i`k ac af kuth`ús

Ga nustk sifvkr bukclh ffuava ur`kch
 Ac gi bk`kûk vivac cuava fh`hs

2.1 PA_A\IBIHC LA UAPRHR

 
Kf `htòc la Bicbh fh`iths   Uic, vic, zkbktic [ua tacnh uc ray
fk`hthcark \iaca fk fh`k Uich fk k`u`iffk,
Bdic, puc, euark [ua fhs asbhcla Bhc su sk`kciffk Cklk`kc cklk`kc
Af qua skfa h Latrës la fk asbh`k. Rë`kck ralhclk Cklk`kc fhs pkths
af qua qualk. Uich bhc fk dhyk, Cklk`kc cklk`kc
Laf buc bdurug`é Y ch sa ghjk`kc

2.5 PA_A\IBIHC LA KLIUICKCZKR

Dk`itk, dk`itk ¸klivicks phr ehrtuck Uuafk sic kfks

Ac af bkgph dk`itk bukf as af kva fivikck sif`k sic `hbk
Y siagpra dk`itk qua ch tiaca kfk cicnuck8 Kzhtk gis gkchs
(Af Dk`k) (fk kvack) y kpacks fh chtks
  (af viacth)
2.> PA_A\IBIHC LA \PK@KFACNQKR

_ic, pic, zkrrkgkbktçc kucqua `ksths shc

Uich fk k`u`iffk, [ua vk, qua vk, `kstkctas `ksurks.
Bhc su sk`kciffk, [ua vk af nkvifëc @kstkcta `ksurk dky ac Bkvk af bk`h ac fk buavk
Rk`kck ralhclk, Bhc parrhs y fh`hs uc `ktkc _arh ch kbk`k la bkvkr
Uich bhc fk asbh`k, Ri ch ffavks uch  Uksths `ksurarhs ch _hrqua ac fk buavk ch
Laf buc bdurug`é, Astk chbda fh rh`h. `kstkc kbk`k
[ua tacnh uc ray. _arh `kstkc ac af `ktkc Af bk`h la trk`kjkr
`ksurarhs
.

>
 

Pafkgar fhs liactas la krri`k phr euark EHCAGK PafkgarBD fhs liactas la krri`k phr lactrh
Pafkgar fhs liactas la k`kjh phr euark Pafkgar fhs liactas la k`kjh phr lactrh
FICNQH_KFK\KF-
FICNQH_KFK\K
Bhfhbkr fk facnuk astrabdk actra fhs fk`ihs F- KEPIBKLK- RHPLK
Bhfhbkr fk facnuk kcbdk actra fhs fk`ihs
Bhfhbkr fk facnuk astrabdk actra fhs liactas RQ LAEAB\H: BDHIBIRGH Bhfhbkr fk facnuk kcbdk actra fhs liactas
Ritukr fk puctk la fk facnuk ac fhs icbisivhs suparihras phr Ritukr fk facnuk ac fhs icbisivhs suparihras phr latrës
lafkcta
I. PA
PA[[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPPPPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGKK

;.; AJAPBIBIHR PAR_IPK\HPIHR

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR
Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk Patacar af kira 0 h 2 sanuclh
sanuclhs,s, aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk.
0.; AJAPBIBIHR LA _HRIBIÒC

Icspirkbiòc LA FHR
ckskf ÒPNKCHR
rëpilk, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk
  EHCHKP\IBQFK\HPIHR. Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk ac 2 h < tiagphs.
Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk lifktkclh fks kfks ckskfas, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk.
 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa situkrëc sapkrklks finarkgacta. Fhs fk`ihs kfnh klafkctklhs y afavklhs sh`ra fhs liactas, lajkclh
;.0 var
AJAésths.
PBIBIHFkR facnuk
LA RH_saFHsitukrë bhc su ëpiba
ëpiba kcbdh,
kcbdh, kphyklh finarkgact
finarkgactaa sh`ra fhs kfvéhfhs icearihras.
icearihras. Af lhrsh sa afavkrë
afavkrë
kphyëclhsa ac af pkfklkr òsah y fhs `hrlas fktarkfas bhctkbtkrëc bhc fk bkrk ictarck la fhs ghfkras suparihras, hbksihckclh

uck hbfusiòc
Qtifizkrë thtkf. la bkrtòc qua, trks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk la`arë shpfkr bhc euarzk, laspfkzëclhfh k nrkc
uc bkcutiffh
vafhbilkl bhc uc shfh shpfilh.
0.0 AJAPBIBIHR
 BhfhbkrLAuckAGIRIÒC KIRFKLK
vafk acbaclilk k ;1 bg.LAFLa
LEHCAGK.
a fk `hbk laf ciûh. Rhpfkrë sh`ra fk ffkgk bhc uc shfh shpfilh euarta y bhrth kpknëclhfk.
Kugactkrk fk listkcbik sanúc fks phsi`ifilklas laf ciûh.


Ra pkrtir
pkrtirë
Rhpfkrë ë lafghficiffhs
sh`ra shcilh
shcilh la
kux
kuxifik
ifikrr /û/
viacth /û/.
. Lur
Lurkct
dkbiaclh kcta
quaa nirac
su agi
agisiò
siòcc pra
prasihc
rëpilkgacta sihckrë
krëicspirkbihcas
bhc bhc gës eua
euarzk
rzk sh`ra
prheuclks af pkf
pkfklk
y shpfilhsklkr
r òsah,
òsahy,bhrths.
euartas shft
shftkcl
kclhh
`rusbkgacta y dkbiaclh af pksh laf kira af shcilh /bd/. Ra kyulkrë la uc laprashr si as cabaskrih.
AgitirëFHNHBICA\IBHR
;.2 AJAPBIBIHR
 af shcilh /s/ y sa bhfhbkrë, galikcta uc laprashr, fk facnuk ac bhctkbth bhc af pkfklkr òsah, prhlubiaclh kf pksh laf
kira af shcilh /bd/.
 Agitirë shcilhs hchgkthpéyibhs: shcilh laf trac: bdubu, bdubu, bdubu...
  Rhcilh laf asthrculh: ktbdis, ktbdis...
  Rhcilh laf bdistkr: bdist, bdist, bdist...

0.2. AJAPBIBIHR LA ËPAKR LA _APBA_BIÒC

 H`sarvkrë kcta uck ffkgk af ghvigiacth la astk bhc fk agisiòc la /bd/.
 _arbi`irë fk skfilk `rusbk laf kira ac fk pkfgk la su gkch.

III. IC\PHLQBBIÒC LAF EHCAGK AC AF FACNQKJA PA_A\ILH

2.; PA_A\IBIÒC LA RÇFK@KR.

  Bdk bda bdi bdh bdu

2.0 PA_A\IBIÒC LA RÇFK@KR BHG@ICKLKR.

2.0.;. bhc af ehcagk trktklh.

Bdkbdk bdkbdh bdkbdu bdkbda bdkbdi

Bdhbdk bdhbdh bdhbdu bdhbda bdhbdi
Bdubdk bdubdh bdubdu bdubda bdubdi
Bdabdk bdabdh bdabdu bdabda bdabdi
Bdibdk bdibdh bdibdu bdibda bdibdi
2.0.0. ac bhg`ickbiòc bhc ehcagks laf gisgh pucth la krtibufkbiòc.

Bdkûk bdkûh bdkûu bdkûa bdkûi Bdkffk bdkffh bdkffu bdkffa bdkffi
Bdhûk bdhûh bdhûu bdhûa bdhûi Bdaffk bdaffh bdaffu bdaffa bdaffi
Bduck bduch bduûu bduca bduûi Bdiffk bdiffh bdiffu bdiffa bdiffi
Bdaûk bdaûh bdaûu bdaûa bdaûi Bdhffk bdhffh bdhffu bdhffa bdhffi
Bdiûk bdiûh bdiûu bdiûa bdiûi Bduffk bduffh bduffu bduffa bduffi
2.2.
.2. PA_A\
A_A\IB
IBIH
IHC
C LA UUHB
HBK
K@Q
@QFK
FKPI
PIH
H BHC
BHC _KFK
_KFK@@PKR.
PKR.

2.2.;. _HRIBIÒC ICIBIKF.

Bdkf Bdkfat Bdkgpëc Bdkrhf Bdktk Bdksis Bdkfklh

Bdkbkf Bdkgpú Bdkpk Bdkrbh Bdkvkf Bdk`hfk Bdkfabh

4
 

Bdkfupk Bdkpkrròc Bdhqua Bdhtiz Bdhrriffh Bdufh

Bdkgizh Bdkpuzk Bdhear Bdhzk Bdhbhfkta Bdupk
Bdkcquata Bdkquatk Bdhffh Bdhth Bdubdh
Bdkctkja Bdkpk Bdhph Bdhrizh Bduek
Bdurrh   Bdupata Bdaquah Bdick Bdista Bdigacak
Bdufatk   Bdupòc Bdaquarçk Bdifa Bdibuafh Bdigpkcbé  
bdufkph   Bdafçc Bdibk Bdiffk Bdifk`k Bdicafk
Bdu`ksbh Bdabh Bdibdk Bdick Bdifach Bdiquiffh
Bdufklk Bdaqua Bdibdòc Bdispk Bdiffilh Bdirighyk

2.2.0. _HRIBIÒC GALIK:

dkbdk nkbdk gubdh tabdh phbdhfh kcbdurk ghbdifk

fkcbdk fabdkzh pabdh ghstkbdh bhbda fabdarh
bkcbdk `k`ubdk bhrbdh pistkbdh `kbda gkbdata
eibdk gubdkbdk nkcbdh fabdunk fabda parbdarh
rkbdk kvkfkcbdk gkbdhta pabdunk gabdarh astubda
gabdk bkbdh gkbdh bkbdhrrh fabduzk bubdiffh nukcbda

2.<. PA_A\IBIÒC LA EPKRAR

2.<.;. _HRIBIÒC IIC
CIBIKF

 Fk bdkpk bkyò kf bdkrbh  Af bdiquiffh bhgiò bdirighyk kchbda

 Asa bdibh ffavk uck bdkquatk guy bdufk  Af bdkpkrròc ffach fk bkffa la bdkrbhs
 Laskyuckghs bdhbhfkta bhc bdurrhs  Gi bdhear bdhbò bhctrk htrh bdhqua
 Fk bdhzk laf bdich sa bdkeò  Kquaf bdifach lih uc bdiffilh kf var af bdigpkcbé
 \hgkghs bdkgpëc ac uck bdkfupk  _knkré ac bdaficas kf bdkfabh

2.<.0. _HRIBIÒC GALIK

 Af bhrbdh sa dizh bkbdhs  Junkghs kf pkrbdis bhc eibdks

 Asta bubdiffh y astk bubdkrk shc la pfktk  Ga nustk fk dhrbdktk la bduek
 Fks `k`ubdks laf fabdarh shc kcbdks  Fk gubdkbdk sueriò uck kvkfkcbdk
 Ac gi ghbdifk ffavh gubdk fabda  Bhc gi gabdarh fa lhy euanh k _hbdhfh
 Abdé nkcks ac af pkckbdé la varlurks

2.1. PA_A\IBIÒC LA
LA UAPRHR.
Bdick, bdick Ac af bdkrbh fk acbhctré
Bkpubdick, Ac af bdkrbh fk lajé
La astk gkch Ac af bdkrbh asbubdkré
Astë fk bdick. K fk rkck bdkphtakr.

2.5. PA_A
A_A\IBIÒC LA \PK@KFACNQKR.
Ga dkc libdh [ua da libdh yh. \abdh fk bdhzk Bdupi, bdupa, bdupitòc,
[ua dkc libdh qua da Gkrçk Bdubdack, La Gkrçk Bdubdack. Bdupi, bdupa, bdupitòc,
libdh yh., asa \abdk`k su bdhzk. Bdkrh abdk bdistas, Bdupi, bdupa, ciûh h ciûk,
libdh astë gkf libdh, _ksò uc tabdklh y fa lijh: Bdagk thgk bdkpks \hgk fabda ac `i`aròc.
_uas si fh du`iark libdh Gkrçk Bdubdack ¸_hr qué Bdafh tiaca bdibhs
 yh,astkrçk gajhr libdh \abdks tu bdhzk8 Fhs bdibhs la Bdkrh
[ua af libdh qua dkc Ch tabdh gi bdhzk Fks bdkpks la Bdafh
libdh Ci tabdh fk kjack Fhs bdistas la Bdagk.

9
 

EHCAGK L
FICNQHLAC\KF-HBFQRIUK-RHCHPK
RQ LAEAB\H: LAF\KBIRGH
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.

;.;. Ajarbibihs raspirkthrihs.

 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk, ratacbiòc laf kira 0 h 2 sanuclhs, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk, ratacbiòc laf kira 0 h 2 sanuclhs, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk.

Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk, ratacbiòc la kira 0 h 2 sanuclhs, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk ac 0 h 2 tiagphs avitkclh thgkr af kira
lurkcta fk gisgk.
;.0 Ajarbibihs la shpfh.
 Bhfhbkrë uck tirk la pkpaf eracta k fk `hbk laf ciûh k uchs > bg. \rks uck icspirkbiòc factk shpfkrë sukvagacta sh`ra kquaffk
h`sarvkclh af ghvigiacth facth la fk gisgk.
 Ra bhfhbkrë uck vafk acbaclilk eracta kf ciûh k uchs ;1 bg. \rks uck icspirkbiòc factk af ciûh shpfkrë sh`ra fk ffkgk
dkbiéclhfk hsbifkr sic kpknkrfk.
 Ra utifizkrë uck pafhtk la picn-phcn y sa bhfhbkrë ac af axtragh la uck nuçk phr fk qua phlrë nirkr. Rhpfkrë af ciûh, trks uck
icspirkbiòc factk, sh`ra fk pafhtk sukvagacta dkbiaclh qua éstk sa laspfkba factkgacta. K bhcticukbiòc shpfkrë euartagacta
h`sarvkclh af laspfkzkgiacth rëpilh y gës fkrnh. K pkrtir la kquç sa ajarbitkrë af shpfh facth sh`ra fk pafhtk.

;.2. Ajarbibihs fhnhbicétibhs.

@hbk k`iartk @hbk barrklk
Ghrrh Rhcrisk
Facnuk euark Facnuk lactrh
Facnuk astrabdk Facnuk kcbdk
Ritukr fk puctk la Ritukr fk puctk la
fk facnuk ac fhs liactas fk facnuk ac fhs liactas
la krri`k phr lafkcta la k`kjh phr lafkcta
Pafkgar fhs liactas la Pafkgar fhs liactas
krri`k phr lafkcta la k`kjh phr lafkcta

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

0.;.
0.;. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la phsib
phsibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òrn
òrnkc
kchs
hs eh
ehch
chkr
krti
tibu
bufk
fkthr
thrih
ihs.
s.

 Ra bhfhbkrëc fhs fk`ihs actrak`iarths. Fhs liactas sapkrklhs finarkgacta, fk puctk la fk facnuk sh`raskfa finarkgacta actra
fhs icbisivhs y sus `hrlas fktarkfas sa kphykrëc ac fks krbklks lactkriks. Ra ratirkrë finarkgacta fk facnuk la fhs icbisivhs
suparihras lajkclh uck skfilk la kira qua skfa sukvagacta.

0.0.
0.0. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la ag
agis
isiò
iòcc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..
 Ri af ciûh tiaca klquirilh af ehcagk ‖c‗ agitirë rapatilks vabas ‖ck, ck, ck‗ la ehrgk acérnibk. Ra fa tkpkrë acthcbas fk ckriz
agitiaclh ksç ‖lk, lk, lk‗.
 Ra lasfizkrë fk facnuk lasla fk pkrta phstarihr laf pkfklkr
pkfklkr òsah, dkstk bhfhbkr
bhfhbkr su ëpiba
ëpiba actra fhs icbisivhs y rakfizkrë
rakfizkrë fk
ehckbiòc k fh fkrnh laf rabhrrilh. Ra rakfizkrë vkriks vabas dkstk bhcsanuir fk phsibiòc klabuklk qua sa acbuactrk kf eickf la
libdh rabhrrilh, agitiaclh ksç /l/.
 Agitirë af ehcagk /k/ bhc fk facnuk euark, kphyklk ac fhs icbisivhs icearihras. Barrkrë acthcbas fk `hbk gkctaciaclh fk
facnuk ac kquaffk phsibiòc y agitirë acthcbas /l/.
 Qck vaz bhcsanuilk fk phsibiòc klabuklk y trks uck icspirkbiòc ckskf factk agitirë /l/ la ehrgk bhcticuk.
 Igitkrë af shcilh la uc ghsbkrlòc.

0.2.
2. Aj
Ajar
arbbib
ibih
ihss la ëraks
raks la parb
arbapb
apbiò
iòc.
c.
 H`sarvkrë fk phsibiòc klabuklk eracta k uc aspajh.
 Chtkrë fk vi`rkbiòc la fk puctk kf pksh laf kira lurkcta fk agisiòc la /l/.
 _arbi`irë, lurkcta fk agisiòc, fk skfilk bhcticuk laf kira ac fk pkfgk la fk gkch. _rigarh rakfizkclh af ehcagk af tarkpautk y
phstarihrgacta af ciûh.
 Bhfhbkrë su gkch ac fk pkrta kctarihr laf buaffh pkrk parbi`ir fk vi`rkbiòc la fks buarlks vhbkfas. _rigarh sh`ra af buaffh laf
tarkpautk y phstarihrgacta sh`ra su buaffh.

;?
 

 Bukclh sa prhluzbk asbkpa fktarkf laf kira, sa kyulkrë bhc uc laprashr la gkcark qua fhs `hrlas la fk facnuk actrac ac
bhctkbth bhc fks krbklks lactkriks suparihras y sa prasihckrëc fks gajiffks bhctrk fks gisgks.
III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH
H

2.;. Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks.

 _krtiaclh la fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk laf ehcagk /l/ sa kûklirëc fks vhbkfas ac af sinuiacta hrlac:
  l...k, l...h, l...u, l...a, l...i.
 Papatirë fks sçfk`ks sic prhfhcnkbiòc laf ehcagk:
  Lk. Lh, lu, la, li.
2.0.
0. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`kss bhg
hg`i
`ick
cklk
lks.
s.
2.0.;. Bhc af ehcagk trktklh. 2.0.0. Bhc eh
ehcagks llaaf g
giisgh pu
pucth llaa
krtibufkbiòc.
  Lklk lklh lklu lkla lkli
Lhlk lhlh lhlu lhla lhli Lktk lkth lktu lkta lkti
Lulk lulh lulu lula luli Lhtk lhth lhtu lhta lhti
Lalk lalh lalu lala lali Lutk luth lutu luta luti
Lilk lilh lilu lila lili Latk lath latu lata lati
Litk lith litu lita liti

2.2.
2.2. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la vh
vhbk
bk`u
`ufk
fkri
rihh bh
bhcc pkfk
pkfk`r
`rks
ks..
2.2.;. _hsibiòc icibikf.
Lkc Lklh Lhs Lhgich Lubdk Luacla Lébklk Li Lihsk
Lkr Lkth Lhc Lhrklh Luaûh Lurazk Lébigh Liba Liacta
Lkgk Lkûich Lhfhr Lhgklhr Luafh La Lafkcta Liaz Li`ujh
Lknk Lkfçfk Lhba Lhgicnh Luqua La`a Lafibik Likck Licarh
Lkfç Lkgisafk Lhnh Lúh Luck Lalh Laghcih Liatk
Lkûh Lh Lhta Lulk Lurh Laja Larabdk Liga
2.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Uilk Lalkf Lkrlh Bhfklhr Ksklurk Gklajk Galir Rkclçk

Ralk Pualk Gialh Dafklh Favklurk Bklark Galih Galibh
Dklk Ghcalk Rulhr Gklurh Eilah Bklack _alilh Fúlibh
@hlk Bkfklk Uklh Galufk _hlar _hsklarh Rëlibh bhliffh
_alkf Gulh Rkfklh Bkrklurk Gklark _kcklarh _kliffk
Cklk Fhlh _ufilh _afklurk Klafk Ghlafklh Galick

2.<. Papatibiòc la erksas

2.<.;. _hsibiòc icibikf.
 Lhc Lihcisih tiaca gubdh licarh  Ga luafa af lalh çcliba
 Laga liaz liactas la kjh  Lkgiëc li`ujh uc laghcih
 Asa lhnh sa ffkgk Luqua  Kpucté bhc af lkrlh ac fk likck
 Junkraghs af Lhgicnh kf lhgich  Af Lhgicnh varaghs k Likck
 Fk lkgk ffavk`k uck liklagk lhrklk  Ga diba lkûh ac af liacta

2.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.

 Bhgighs eilahs y bhliffh  Af gélibh ga burò fk bklark
 \ac builklh bukclh vkyks bhc Galick  Laf nuskch la salk sa skbkc fks gklajks la difh
 ¸[uiaras skclçk h dafklh8  _alkfakclh sa puala sulkr gubdh
 Asta pkcklarh as gulh  Da palilh af pasbklh guy skfklh
 Fk rualk ark la gklark pufilk  Af dklk tiaca gubdh phlar
2.1 Papatibiòc la varshs.

;;
 

K tu puartk daghs ffanklh _krk dkbar fk garacliffk. Bhc lisigufh

bhfhrçc, bhfhrklh Ra quala panklh. Y lactrh uc bhjh
Fhs bdibhs la astk pkcliffk @kifk`k sanuiliffks
asta buacth sa dk kbk`klh K fk puartk la uc shrlh Bhc laskdhnh.
K palir af knuickflh Bkctk`k uc gulh,
 y af qua ch favkcta Y uc bianh fa girk`k

2.5 Papatibiòc llaa kkllivickczks

Phclk qua rhclk, shy ralhclk bhgh af guclh ralhclk pkrk qua ruala
Phclklhritk= kf ghrir ga laspalkzkc  y k thlhs ffava bhctacth.
\aja qua taja ga ralubac k paffajh Gës fuanh laskpkraba
\ajalhritk.  y thlh af junh ga skbkc \kc rëpilk bhgh af viacth.
  (krkûk)   (fk uvk)   ( fk ghcalk)

2.> Papatibiòc la \rk`kfacnuks

Lkga, laga, liga Lkga y ch laga.

Lkga y liga, Lhs lklhs lk`k k Lkvil,
Liga y lkga, Lianh lijh linh, Lhs lalhs ac fhs lklhs
Lkga y laga, Linh lija k Lianh, Bhc lhs lklhs lhs lalhs
Laga y ch liga, Lijh Lianh: ¸linh8 Lk`k Lkvil fhs lhs lklhs.
Liga y ch lkga, ¡linh! Lija k Lianh.

EHCAGK E
FK@IHLAC\KF-EPIBK\IUK-RHPLK
RQ LAEAB\H: EIBIRGH
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.

I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.

 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc ckskf factk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk y prheuclk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf bhc lifktkbiòc la fks kfks ckskfas, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk.

I.0. Ajarbibihs la
la sshhpfh.

 Bhfhbkrë af fk`ih suparihr sh`ra af icearihr y shpfkrë sh`ra su pabdh bhc uc shpfilh euarta y bhcticuh.
 Ra bhfhbkrë uck tirk la pkpaf sh`ra uc aspajh k uck listkcbik la 0? bg. Af tarkpautk sujatkrë bhc uc lalh fk tirk ratirëclhfk
bukclh af ciûh rakfiba uc shpfilh euarta y bhcticuh qua dkrë shstacar fk tirk la pkpaf sh`ra af aspajh 0 h 2 sanuclhs kf
gachs.
 Ra acbaclarë uck vafk bhfhbklk k ;1 bg. La fk `hbk laf ciûh, ésta shpfkrë dkbiaclh hsbifkr fk ffkgk parh sic kpknkrfk
(sukvagacta). Ra irë kfajkclh fk vafk kf icibih laf shpfilh la gkcark qua dk`rë la kugactkr fk ictacsilkl laf gisgh parh sic
ffankr k kpknkr fk ffkgk.

I.2. Ajarbibihs fhn

fhnhbicétibhs.
Ghrrh Rhcrisk
Fk`ih la krri`k guarla Fk`ih la k`kjh guarla
kf fk`ih la k`kjh kf fk`ih la krri`k
Acsaûkr fhs fk`ihs Asbhclar fhs fk`ihs
phr lactrh
Liactas la krri`k guarlac Liactas la k`kjh guarlac
liactas la k`kjh liactas la krri`k

;0
 

Liactas la krri`k guarlac Liactas la k`kjh guarlac

Fk`ihs la k`kjh Fk`ihs la krri`k

II. BHPPABBIHC L
LAA KF
KF\APKBIHCAR
0.; Ajarbibihs la phsibiòc la fhs òrnkchs ehchkrtibufkthrihs.

 Af gkxifkr icearihr lasbaclarë finarkgacta sapkrkclh fks krbklks lactkriks. Af fk`ih icearihr sa tacskrë dkbik fks bhgisurks,
bhfhbëclhsa la`kjh la fhs icbisivhs suparihras. Fk facnuk pargkcaba ac raphsh bhc fhs `hrlas fktarkfas ac bhctkbth finarh
bhc fhs ghfkras suparihras.
0.0. Ajarbibihs la agisiòc kisfklk laf ehcagk.
 Af ciûh agitirë uc shpfilh y af tarkpautk prasihckrë bhc su çcliba sh`ra af fk`ih icearihr, dkbiaclh qua ésta sa bhfhqua `kjh
fhs icbisivhs suparihras y af pksh laf kira agitirë af shcilh /e/.
 Bhfhbkrë af fk`ih icearihr dkbik lactrh la fk `hbk dkstk qua ch sa vak. Irë laspfkzkclh af fk`ih dkbik euark dkstk bhcsanuir fk
phsibiòc bhrrabtk. Asta ajarbibih sa rakfizkrë shpfkclh.
 Pakfizkrë shcilhs hchgkthpéyibhs
hchgkthpéyibhs pkrk agitir af ehcagk, iclibëclhfa fk phsibiòc tiph: shcilh laf nkth bukclh sa aceklk: ‖e
(u)‗
Rhcilh qua iclibk bkcskcbih: ‖ue‗

0.2 Ajarbibihs la ëraks la parbapbiòc.

 Bhfhbkrë fk gkch ac phsibiòc dhrizhctkf `kjh af fk`ih icearihr h`sarvkclh fk skfilk laf kira kf agitir af ehcagk /e/.
_rigarkgacta fk agisiòc fk rakfizkrë af tarkpautk y phstarihrgacta af ciûh.
 Asbubdkrë af shcilh agitilh phr uc nfh`h kf lasicefkrfh. _rasihckclh af hrieibih la skfilk sa prhluba af shcilh /e/.
 H`sarvkrë fk phsibiòc tiph kcta af aspajh.

III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.
2.; Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks.

 _krtiaclh la fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk laf ehcagk /e/ sa kûklirëc fks vhbkfas ac af sinuiacta hrlac:
  e...k, e...h, e...u, e...a, e...i.
 Papatirë fks sçfk`ks sic prhfhcnkbiòc laf ehcagk:
  Ek, eh, eu, ea, ei
2.0. Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks bhg`icklks.
Ekek ekeh ekeu ekea ekei
Ehek eheh eheu ehea ehei
Euek eueh eueu euea euei
Eaek eaeh eaeu eaea eaei
Eiek eieh eieu eiea eiei

2.2. Papatibiòc la pkfk`rks.

2.2.;. _hsibiòc icibikf

ek ekffh ehbh eòsehrh euark euturh
ekz eë`ufk ehth ehffath euaffa eugklhr
ekffk ekghsh ehch ehcagk eusif eufkch
ekgk ek`klk ehfih ehthbhpik eurik eunitivh
ekjk ekgifik ehbk eunk eusiòc
ekrh eheh ehnòc euanh euacta
ea eath eic eijh eifhsheh
eah eafich eifk eifata eifipich
eabdk eatibda eibdk eçsibh
eafiz eacibih eilah eibdarh
earik eébufk eich einurk
2.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Pkek Piek Nkeks

;2
 

Ehek @úekfh Rieòc Ragëehrh Eah Bheik

Rheë @uekclk \ieòc Eifhsheh @ueata Zkeirh
Paeknk Cacúekr @ueòc \ieus Rhfeah Rueijh
Paeknh Afaekcta Rhehbh Aceurabar Bkeatkf Lieçbif
Jirkek Eheh Keòcibh Paeuarzh Bkeatark Keifklh
Astuek Nhfeh \aféehch Bkeé Rheçk
2.< Papatibiòc la erksas.

2.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf

 Astë `uach af `hffh  Eafipa quarçk sar eifhsheh
 Af ekrh fubçk bhc euarzk  Fk eabdk la fk eiastk as ac Ea`rarh
 Fk ekjk ark eick  Ealaribh dizh ehthbhpiks laf ehffath pkrk
 Ac fk ehth skfçk Eargçc eugklhras
 Fk ehbk sa ffkgk`k Ek`ihfk  Fk ekgifik la Earckclh bhga ek`klk af eic la
 Iraghs k fk earik k bhgar eifatas sagkck
 Af ehctkcarh krranfh fk eunk

2.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.

 Af tieòc ffanò kf Nhfeh  Laskeich phrqua asthy keòcibh

 Pkek sa sactò ac af sheë  As lieçbif keickr af pikch
 Fk riek sa dizh kf eickf la fk eiastk  Qck rëeknk la euarta viacth sa ffavh gi `uekclk
 Af jaea la Kfhcsh eugk gubdh  Ac fk euacta dky uck jirkek y uc afaekcta
 Ga thga uc bkeé jucth k fk astuek  Af `úekfh tacçk uck keifklk efabdk ac su fhgh

2.1. Papatibiòc la klivickczks

\iaca ekghsk gaghrik, Rhc bhgh bhceitas Bhc af chg`ra la fk gkr Arksa uc eiaf asbularh,
tiaca hfekth y lurk piaf, `fkcbhs,  y af raeunih laf shflklh, la chg`ra kbk`klh ac
 y fks gkyhras ckribas ra`htkc euarta ac af sa dkba af chg`ra la uck ‖kczk‗
qua ac af guclh pualk suafh, lkgk ekghsh ac af guclh
dk`ar. si ch fhs rabhnas prhcth, ekghsk la gubdhs actarh:
  (af afaekcta) taclrës knuk actra fhs bhclklhs. klivick, klivickczk.
lalhs.   (fk gkrnkritk)   (Rkcbdh _kczk)
  (af nrkcizh)
2.5. Papatibiòc la trk`kfacnuks.

Ekgk tiaca af qua eugk, Eë`ufks ek`ufhsks dky ac ek`ufhshs ek`ufkrihs,

[uiac eugk, ekghshs as phr eugkr, Ek`ufklhras y ek`ufistks dkbac eë`ufks ek`ufhsks
_arh af qua ci eugk ci tiaca ekgk, _arh fk ek`ufhsilkl la fks eë`ufks laf ek`ufistk
¸pkrk qua quiara fk ekgk sic eugkr8 Ch shc ek`ufhsks si ch dkba uc ek`ufkrih la eë`ufks.

EHCAGK N
FICNQHUAFKP-HBFQRIUK-RHCHPK
RA LAEAB\H: NKGGKBIRGH

I. PA[QIRI\HR _KPK FK BHPPAB\K AGIRIÒC LAF

L AF EHCAGK.

;.;. Ajarbibihs raspirkthrihs.

 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk, ratacbiòc laf kira y rakfizkrë uck aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk lifktkclh fks kfks la fk ckriz, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk.
;.0. Ajarbibihs la shpfh.

 Ra bhfhbkrë uck tirk la pkpaf eracta k fk `hbk laf ciûh k uck listkcbik la uchs 1 bg. Ésta la`arë shpfkr la ehrgk bhcticuk,
dkbiaclh qua af pkpaf sa afava finarkgacta y sa gkctacnk ac astk phsibiòc dkstk knhtkr af kira, sa irë kugactkclh fk
listkcbik dkstk uc gëxigh la ;1 bg.

;<
 

 Ra bhfhbkrë uck vafk acbaclilk eracta k fk `hbk laf ciûh k uchs ;? bg. la listkcbik, shpfkrë sh`ra fk ffkgk bhc uc shpfilh
sukva y prhfhcnklh, dkbiaclh qua fk ffkgk sa guavk parh ch sa kpknua. Kugactkrë fk listkcbik dkstk ;1 bg.
 Ra utifizkrëc pafhtks la picn-phcn qua af ciûh la`arë shpfkr la ehrgk sukva y bhcticuklk rabhrriaclh uc trkzh pravikgacta
gkrbklh.

;.2 Ajarbibihs fh
fhnhbicétibhs.
@hbk k`iartk
Facnuk astrabdk
Afavkr fk `ksa la fk facnuk @hbk barrklk
Dkstk thbkr fk bkgpkciffk Facnuk kcbdk
@hstazkr Facnuk ac raphsh
@hbk barrklk

 Ajarbibihs fhnhbicétibhs bhc kphyh la gktarikfas.

K) \hgkrë
\hgkrë uc
uc phbh
phbh la knuk
knuk ac fk `hbk
`hbk y dkrë
dkrë nërnk
nërnkrks
rks..
@) Rubbihckr
Rubbihckrëë knu
knukk la uc vksh
vksh galikcta
galikcta uck pkjitk,
pkjitk, k paquaûh
paquaûhss shr`hs.
shr`hs.
B) Rhpfk
Rhpfkrë
rë phr uck pkjitk
pkjitk ac uc vksh
vksh bhc
bhc knuk
knuk pkrk
pkrk dkbar
dkbar `ur`ujks
`ur`ujks..

II. BHPABBIHC LA
LA KF
KF\APKBIHCAR
0.; Ajarbibihs la phsibiòc la fhs òrnkchs ehchkrtibufkthrihs.

 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbhctrkrëc sapkrklks, fhs fk`ihs pargkcabarëc sapkrklhs y la tacsiòc. Af ëpiba la fk
facnuk sa kphykrë ac fk bkrk ictarihr la fhs icbisivhs icearihras y su `ksa h phstlhrsh sa afavkrë thbkclh af
pkfklkr `fkclh, lajkclh uck finark sapkrkbiòc actra kg`hs qua pargitirë af pksh bhcticuklh laf kira lurkcta fk
agisiòc laf ehcagk.
0.0 Ajarbibihs la agisiòc kisfklk laf ehcagk.
 Ra pkrtirë laf nruph bhcshcëctibh /cm/ rapitiaclh fh sinuiacta: kcmk, acma, icmi, hcmh, ucmu. Papatirë af ajarbibih
dkbiaclh var kf ciûh af shcilh qua pkraba, bhcsinuiéclhsa kcnk, kcnu, kcnua, kcnui.
 Papatirë fks sçfk`ks mk, ma, mi, mh, mu ac vhz `kjk parliaclh ksç af ehcagk /m/ su axpfhsivilkl y kbarbëclhsa af
shcilh k /n/.
 Qtifizkrë af ehcagk /l/ agitiaclh rapatilks vabas lk, la, li, lh, lu... ac astk phsibiòc sa utifizkrë uc laprashr la
facnuk y sa bhfhbkrë bhc uck finark prasiòc sh`ra af phstlhrsh la fk facnuk, dkbiaclh actrkr ac bhctkbth k astk
bhc af vafh laf pkfklkr.
0.2. Ajarbibihs ac af ërak la parbapbiòc.

 Bhfhbkrë su gkch sh`ra fk fkricna laf raalubklhr giactrks asta agita /n/, h`sarvkclh fk vi`rkbiòc fkrçcnak. Laspués fh
rakfizkrë bhc su fkricna. Bhc affh h`sarvkrë tkg`iéc fks liearacbiks actra /m/ y /n/.
 H`sarvkrë fk phsibiòc la fhs òrnkchs krtibufkthrihs eracta kf aspajh, rakfizëclhfh prigarh af tarkpautk.

III. IC\PHLQBBIÒC LAF EHCAGK AC AF FACNQKJA PA_A\ILH .

III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`ks.
s.
  nk, nua, nui, nh, nu
III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..
III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.

Nknk nknh nknu nknua nknui

Nhnk nhnh nhnu nhnua nhni
Nunk nunh nunu nunua nunui
Nuank nuanh nuanu nuanua nanui
Nuink nuinh nuinu nuinua nuinui
III.
III.00.0.
.0. Bh
Bhcc eehhcagk
cagkss llaf
af gi
gisg
sghh puc
pucth
th la krtib
rtibuufkb
fkbiò
iòc.
c.

Nkmk nkmh nkmu nkma nkmi Nuimk nuimh nuimu nuima nuimi
Nhmk nhmh nhmu nhma nhmi
Numk numh numu numa numi Nkjk nkjh nkju nkja nkji
Nuamk nuamh nuamu nuama nuami Nhjk nhjh nhju nhja nhji

;1
 

Nujk nujh nuju nuja nuji Nuijk nuijh nuiju nuija nuiji
Nuajk nuajh nuaju nuaja nuaji
III.
III.22. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la pk
pkfk
fk`r
`rks
ks..
III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.
Nkf Nkffick Nkfarik Nhgichfk Nukph Nuarrk Nuijk
Nks Nkbafk Nhf Nhfhsick Nukcta Nuath Nuiòc
Nkth Nkfkxik Nhgk Nuk Nuskch Nuarriffk Nuitkrrk
Nkffh Nkcklhr Nhtk Nufk Nuturkf Nuarriffarh Nuiskcta
Nkgh Nkguzk Nhfatk Nusth Nukjirk Nuçk Nuiffhtick
Nksk Nkfack Nhtah Nugik Nuktagkfk Nuish

III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Fink Rink Bhnhffh Dknh @inhta Einurk Dinuark ënuifk

Uink Dknk Fknh Bianh Knuk Fknuck Junuata Knuijòc
Gink Pankfh Dunh Kginh Fanuk Facnuklh Ënualk Gknuifk
Uknk Fankûk Gknh Knhsth Facnuk Knujatk Ranuatk Knuifubdh
Gknk Nkrnkctk Uknh Fëtinh Knujk Finua Banuark knuickflh
Rhnk Fknkrth Fanh Bkstinh Knulh Finuarh Junuatarçk

2.<.Papatibiòc la erksas.

2.<.;. _hsibiòc icibikf.

 Af nkth sa gatiò ac af nkfficarh  Af nuskch bhga nuiskctas
 \acnh nhrrh y nukctas  Ga nustk thbkr fk nuitkrrk bhc nukctas
n ukctas

Fk nkffick y af nkffh shc kcigkfas 
Fks nhfhsicks tiacac nusth k nuiclk
 Fa gatç uc nhf k Nuiffargh  Dky uck nhtark lhcla vivac fks nkvihtks y fks
 \acnh nkcks la phcarga nukpk nhfhclricks
 Bhc uck nhgk `hrra fhs nkrk`kths
2.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.
 Ga nustk junkr bhc fk shnk  Ch dknks euanh jucth kf fknh
 Fk nksahsk ga nustk gubdh  \acnh nkcks la junkr bhc fk fknkrtijk
 Fk dinuark lk dinhs  Ënualk vich la Qrunuky bhc uck yhnurtark
 K Dunh fa dknh ginks  Fk hrunk dizh uc knujarh pkrk nukrlkr sus ginuitks
 Fa diba uc rankfh k Gkrnkritk  Af gknh bhcsinuiò qua af ënuifk ffankrk k fk fknuck

2.1. Papatibiòc la varshs.

Af pkûuafh,
nukcta, nukcta
Af qua fh tacnk,
[ua fh favkcta.

2.5. Papatibiòc la klivickczks.

Fkrnk, fkrnk
Bhgh uck shnk
\iaca fhs liactas
Bhgh uck fh`k
  (fk zhrrk)
Rhy bhsk kcnhstk y guy fkrnk
bhgh vkròc shy guy lufba
gës bhgh dag`rk shy kgkrnk
  (af rçh y fk rçk)

;5
 

2.>. Papatibiòc la trk`kfacnuks

Ri su nusth nustkrk,
Laf nusth qua nustk gi nusth,
Gi nusth tkg`iéc nustkrçk
Laf nusth qua nustk gi nusth.
_arh bhgh su nusth ch nustk,
Laf nusth qua nustk gi nusth,
Gi nusth ch nustk,
Laf nusth qua nustk su nusth

EHCAGK J
FICNQHUAFKP-EPIB\IUK-RHPLK
RQ LAEAB\H: JH\KBIRGH
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.
I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk lifktkclh fks kfks ckskfas, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk y bhcticuk.

I.0. Ajarbibihs la
la sshhpfh.
 Ra bhfhbkrëc trhbiths la pkpaf la salk kghcthcklhs sh`ra uck gask y trks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk agitirë uc shpfh
sukva y bhcticuh dkbiaclh qua fhs pkpafas sa lisparsac.
 Ra bhfhbkrë uck tirk la pkpaf k uchs ;? bg. la fk `hbk laf ciûh. Asta la`arë shpfkr ac ehrgk sukva y bhcticuk la gkcark qua
af pkpaf sa afava.
 Qtifizkrë uc gktksuanrks qua trks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk la`arë shpfkr ac ehrgk bhcticuk sic qua sa k`rk laf thlh
sich gkctaciéclhfh ac uck phsibiòc la gçcigh aseuarzh.
I.2. Ajarbibihs fhn
fhnhbicétibhs.

@hbk k`iartk
@hstazh @hbk barrklk
Gkclç`ufk k fk larabdk @hbk barrklk
Liactas la krri`k guarlac Gkclç`ufk k fk izquiarlk
liactas la k`kjh Liactas la k`kjh guarlac
Afavkr fk `ksa la fk facnuk liactas la krri`k
dkstk thbkr fk bkgpkciffk Facnuk ac raphsh ac af
Facnuk astrabdk suafh la fk `hbk
Facnuk kcbdk
II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la phsib
phsibiò
iòcc la
la fhs
fhs òrn
òrnkc
kchs
hs kr
krtib
tibuf
ufkt
kthri
hrihs.
hs.
 Fks krbklks
krbklks lactkriks
lactkriks sa acbhctrkrk
acbhctrkrkcc sapkrklks,
sapkrklks, fhs fk`ihs pargkcabar
pargkcabarëc
ëc sic tacsiòc thgkclh fk phsibiòc la fk vhbkf qua
sinua. Fk puctk la fk facnuk sa afavkrë dkstk thbkr bhc sus `hrlas fktarkfas af pkfklkr `fkclh lajkclh uc hrieibih bactrkf phr
lhcla pksk af kira.

II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..
 Agitirë af shcilh kuxifikr /m/ ac phsibiòc, la labú`ith supich, y sapkrkclh af lhrsh finarkgacta laf vafh pkrk bhcvartirfk ac
uck /j/.
 Agitirë af shcilh kuxifikr /n/ y bhc fk gkch ac af buaffh h`sarvkrë fk vi`rkbiòc fkrçcnak. K bhcticukbiòc raprhlubirë af shcilh
sic libdk vi`rkbiòc h`taciaclh af ehcagk /j/.
III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.

III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfçfk`
k`ks
ks..
  Jk, jh, ju, ja, ji.
 

III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç
sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..
Jkjk jkjh jkju jkja jkji
Jhjk jhjh jhju jhja jhji
Jujk jujh juju juja juju
Jajk jajh jaju jaja jaji
Jijk jijh jiju jija jiji

III.
III.22. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la pk
pkfk
fk`r
`rks
ks..
III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

Jk Jkgòc Jkrk`a Jhtk Jhbhsh Jucih Júpitar Nagk Narkcih Jicata

Jkac Jkufk Jk`kfick Jhvac Junh Juibih Juvacif Jatk Nafktick Jirkek
Jkfah Jk`kth Jh` Jòcibh Juanh Julçk Nah Nacih Jirk Ninkcta
Jk`òc Jk`kfç Jhsé Jhrh`k Jukc Ju`ifh Jaea Nagafh Ni`k Nirkshf
Jkbk Jkbh`h Jhyk Jhyarh Jufih Junklk Jaqua Nacarkf Nirh Nitkch

III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Bkjk Knujk Hjh Gkjh Kjuctkr \aja ënif @kjith
Dhjk Hvajk @kjh Dijh Fujurik Uajaz @ujçk [uajibk
_kjk K`ajk Bhjh Ktkjh Gkjubh \ijark _kjitk Rknitkrih
Uiajk _krajk Fajhs @klkjh _kja Gkjata Gënibh Nahfhnçk
Rheë Kjklh Uiajh K`kjh Laja Rujatklhr Gajiffk
Dijk \ajkch \ajh Kfijh Bhna Knujatks Pajiffk
Fijk Kjh Phjh Kjustkr Ghcja Knujarh \ajilh
III.
III.<<. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la erk
rksa
sas.
s.

III.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

 Fhs ciûhs juankc ac af jkrlçc  Jufiëc rhgpiò ac jkrròc la jkzgicas
 Naggk y Jhsé shc jòvacas  Af prigar juavas la Jucih chs iraghs la juarnk
 Gi jaea tiaca gkf nacih  Fk nacta jhvac `kifk gubdh fk jhtk
 Af ninkcta sa bhgiò fhs narkcihs la Jufik  Fk jirkek y af jk`kfç ch tiacac jhrh`k
 Dky backré julçks bhc jkgòc  Ac fk jkrrk dky junh la jkfak
III.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.
 Fhs hjhs laf viajh astëc kjklhs  Astk bkjk as gënibk
 Fk tijark viajk ch bhrtk `iac  Kquaffk viajabiffk as bhjk
 Kcnafk sa bhgprò uc vastilh fujhsh  Lajé af kjh ac raghjh

Fhs bhcajhs sa kfajkc trks fk vanatkbiòc 
Ac gi kjukr tacnh jhyks la nrkc fujh
 Fks pënicks la asta fi`rh shc la pkpaf vanatkf  Fks `ujçks laf viajh bhbda sa rkjkrhc.

III.
III.11. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la vars
varshs
hs..
Jhsé sa ffkgk af pklra Nuiûkph, astrhpkjh, Af shg`rarh ark la pkjk,
Jhsaek fk gujar, Bkrk la asbkrk`kjh. Ra bkyò ac uck bkjk,
Y uc dijh qua tacçkc Fk bkjk ark la bkrtòc,
\kg`iéc sa ffkgk`k Jhsé. Ra bkyò ac uc bkjòc.
Qck krkûk ac su bksitk,
Ru`a, asthjaruth, Bhc uc difh
difh taja y taja, _ic, picajk,
@kjk, asthjaròc, Rhy gës fisth qua thliths, Af nkth, fk bhcajk,
@kjk sic thbkr, Y lasla kdhrk shy af jaea. Bhcajitk rakf,
Ru`a sic kfkcjòc. _ila pk fk skf.
 

III.
III.5.
5. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la Kl
Kliv
ivic
ickc
kczk
zks.
s.

Qck viajk bhc uc liacta ac kfth viva, shy ninkcta la nrkc vkfhr,
Y ffkgk k thlk fk nacta. ac kfth ghrk, tacnh lhba dijhs la gi bhrkzòc,
  (fk bkgpkck) ac kfth taja, la asths lhba dijhs tacnh traictk
fk tajalhrk. ciaths,
  (fk krkûk) fk gitkl shc `fkcbhs, fk gitkl shc
canrhs.
  (af kûh)

III.
III.>.
>. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la trk`
trk`kf
kfac
acnu
nuks
ks..

Lijh uc gkjh la Jaraz,

Bhc su ekjk y trkja gkjh, Jularçks dky ac Julak,
Yh kf gës gkjh tirh uc tkjh, Julak, julçhs y julçks,
[ua shy jkqua la jkaz. _arh ac uc julikr julçks
Ch dky jularçks la julçhs.
Gklra a dijk sa euarhc k gisk,
Gklra pisk pkjk, Dijhs a dijks tiacac uc dijh,
_kjk pisk dijk. Gi dijk dijks a dijhs tiaca,
_arh fhs dijhs a dijks la gi dijk,
Jukc juank junkclh Ch shc dijks a dijhs la gi dijh.
Jukcith junkclh juank,
Bhc juanhs, juank Jukc, Nacihs qua vivac la su nacikfilkl,
Juank bhc juanhs, Jukcith, Ch shc tkc nacikfas bhgh af nacih,
Jucths juankc bhc juanhs, [ua nacikfgacta y la gkcark nacikf,
Jukc y Jukcith junkclh. Dkba qua af htrh nacih dknk uck gkyhr nacikfilkl.

EHCAGK M
FICNQHUAFKP-HBFQRIUK-RHPLK
RQ LAEAB\H: MK__KBIRGH
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.

I.;. Ajarbibihs raspirkthrihs.

 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk, gkctaclrë af kira 0 h 2 sanuclhs y rakfizkrë uck aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk, aspirkbiòc `ubkf ac vkrihs tiagphs bhrths y rëpilhs, dkstk bhcsanuirë knhtkr af kira.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk, aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk.

I.0. Ajarbibihs la
la sshhpfh.
 Acbaclarë uck vafk bhfhbklk k uchs ;? bg. la fk `hbk laf ciûh, ésta shpfkrë euartagacta y kpknkrë fk vafk, fk listkcbik sa irk
kgpfikclh la gkcark qua af shpfilh sa rakfizkrë bklk vaz gës euarta.
 Bhfhbkrë uc kfnhlòc sh`ra uck gask y af ciûh la`arë shpfkr dkbiaclh qua kquaf sa laspfkba rëpilkgacta, fk listkcbik dk la
sar bhrtk ac uc pricbipih.
 Rhpfkrë uc sif`kth agitiaclh uc shcilh euarta y bhrth.
I.2. Ajarbibihs fhn
fhnhbicétibhs.
@hbk k`iartk @hbk barrklk
@ash shchrh Rhcrisk
Facnuk euark Facnuk lactrh
Facnuk krri`k Facnuk k`kjh
Facnuk k fk larabdk Facnuk k fk izquiarlk
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk Ffavkr fk puctk la fk
facnuk k fks guafks facnuk k fks guafks la
la fk larabdk la krri`k fk izquiarlk la krri`k
 

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la ph
phsib
sibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òòrn
rnkc
kchs
hs ehc
ehchk
hkrt
rtib
ibuf
ufkt
kthr
hrih
ihs.
s.

 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbhctrkrëc sapkrklks, kf inukf qua fhs fk`ihs, sic qua axistk tacsiòc ac affhs, fk facnuk sa sitúk
acskcbdklk ac af suafh la fk `hbk, bhc af ëpiba thbkclh finarkgacta fhs kfvéhfhs icearihras y fk pkrta phstarihr sa afavkrë
dkstk thbkr af vafh laf pkfklkr.

II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..
 Pakfizkrë shcilhs hchgkthpéyibhs qua ekvhrabac fk kpkribiòc laf ehcagk:
  Rhcilh la uc rafhj: tib-tkb
  Rhcilh la nhfpah: thb-thb
  Rhcilh la uck nkffick: bh-bh-bh-bh...
  Rhcilh laf nkffh: mimirimi, mimirimi...
 Agitirë fk sçfk`k ‖nk‗ rapatilks vabas y ac vhz susurrklk, parliaclh ksç fk shchrilkl y agitiaclh af ehcagk /m/. Ra rakfizkrë
af ajarbibih tkg`iéc bhc fks vhbkfas
vh bkfas /h/, /u/, /a/, /i/.
 Ac phsibiòc la labú`ith supich agitirë af shcilh vhbëfibh /k/ la ehrgk prhfhcnklk. Af pash la fk facnuk sh`ra af vafh pkfktich
dkrë qua, bhc uck finark prasiòc sh`ra af phstlhrsh ficnukf bhc uc laprashr, kpkrazbk af shcilh /m/.

II.2
II.2.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs sh
sh`r
`raa aaff ëra
ërakk la
la ppar
arba
bapb
pbiò
iòc.
c.
 Bhfhbkrë su gkch sh`ra af buaffh laf tarkpautk chtkclh fk kusacbik la vi`rkbiòc la fk fkricna lurkcta fk agisiòc laf
ehcagk /m/. _hstarihrgacta agitirë af ehcagk bhfhbkclh fk gkch ac su buaffh.
 _hclrë fk gkch eracta k fk `hbk chtkclh fk skfivk axpfhsivk laf kira lurkcta fk agisiòc laf ehcagk.
III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.

III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`ks.
s.
  mk, mh, mu, ma, mi.
III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç
sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..

III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.

mkmk mkmh mkmu mkma mkmi

mhmk mhmh mhmu mhma mhmi
mumk mumh mumu muma mumi
mamk mamh mamu mama mami
mimk mimh mimu mima mimi

2.0.0. Ac bhg`ickbiòc bhc ehcagks laf gisgh pucth la krtibufkbiòc.

mknk mknh mknu mk

mknua mknui   mkjk
mk mkjh mkju mkja mkji
mhnk mhnh mhnu mhnua mhnui mhjk mhjh mhju mhja mhji
munk munh munu munua munui mujk mujh muju muja muji
mank manh manu manua manui majk majh maju maja maji
mink minh minu minua minui mijk mijh miju mija miji

III.
III.2.
2. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la vhbk
vhbk`u
`ufk
fkri
rihh bbhc
hc pkfk
pkfk`r
`rks
ks..
III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

Bkf Bkpòc Bhz Bhgilk Buck Bubdkrk [uagk Mifh [uçgibh

Bkc Bkûòc Bhf Bhgatk Burk Bucatk [ualk [uiac [uijklk
Bkgk Bkgich Bhbda Bhfanih Buavk Búpufk [uavalh [uick [uictath
Bkbdk Bkffajk Bhbh Bhbdich Bu`h Buûklh [uasarh [uiffk [uiciafk
Bkck Bklack Bhfk Bhgich Buaffh Bupilh [uarilk [uibih [uictiffizh
Bksk Bkfkgkr Bhsk Bhbick Bu`h Bubkrkbdk [uajilh [uicba
Bkffa Bksarh Bhjk Bhpata Buaffh Bu`ifata [uaraffk [uiath
Bkrk Bkgisk Bhpk Bhdata Bu`k [ua [uagklh [uijhta
Bkbkh Bkfatk Bhfhr Buph Bú`ibh [uash [uagklhr [uifkta
Bkzk Bhc Bhbk Buûk Bubdiffh [uajk [uasarçk [uigark
 

III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Rkbk _atkbk Gibh Ghbh Ëtibh Gkbuth \hqua Ghquatk Kquç _kquitk
_alk Gabkch _ibh Gkbkbh Astkcbh Bibutk _aqua @hquata Gimi Gifimi
Fhbk Kfibkta _kbh Pabhna Kbuskr Eébufk Gkquatk @kcquatk Gëquick \kquiffk
Bdibk Knukbkta _hbh Bkrkbhfk Kbuck Asbubdk _kquata _iquatk Asquick
_abklh Rabklhrk @krbh @éfibh Asbuafk Kbuckr _aquaûh _kquatarh _hquith

III.
III.<.
<. Erks
Erksas
as asbr
asbrit
itks
ks y bbhc
hc ig
igën
ënac
acas
as..
III.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.
 Af quash sa bhga  Af bhbh bkyò laf bhbhtarh
 Bkrgac as bhquatk  Bkrhfick tiaca uc bkbdhrrh qua pask ;1 mifhs
 [uiarh bhgar bkrca  [uiarh faar af buacth la fk bksitk la bkrkgafh
 ¸buëctks bkjks quiara8  Fk bkgisk la Mima tiaca buktrh quagklurks ac af
 Af bubdiffh bhrtk `iac buaffh.
 Dky uck bksk ac fk bhfick
III.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.
 _hr phbh ga vuafvh fhbh  Af bdibh la mumi as ribh
 Cucbk tuva pabks  Ac fk pafuquarçk ga abdkrhc fkbk
 Kquç ffuava phbh  Fk fhbhghthrk abdk`k phbh dugh phrqua ch ffavk`k
 Ga nustkc fhs buburubdhs la bdhbhfkta bkr`òc
 Rkqué fk rhpk laf astkcqua  Ac af bkgpkgacth acbhctrkghs uc bhbhlrifh bhc fk

Af kzúbkr as `fkcbh bhfk bdiquitk

III.
III.11. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la vars
varshs
hs..

Bkfk`kzk, bkfk`kzk, @ricbh, `ricbh, Bkrkbhf, bkrkbhf,

Bklk uch k su bksk, Rkc Erkcbisbh, Rkbk fhs buarchs kf shf,
Bhbkgk, bhbkgk, Ri ga dknh gkf, [ua tu pklra y tu gklra
Bklk uch k su bkgk. [ua ga bura \kg`iéc fhs skbò.
Rkc _ksbukf.

III.
III.5.
5. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la kl
kliv
ivic
ickc
kczk
zks.
s.

Ffavh gi bksitk kf dhg`rh ¸[uiéc viva ac bksitk

Bkgichs ic tacar pktks la kfkg`ra, bhfnklk,
Y vhy gkrbkclh gi duaffk  y agpiazk k bkctkr
Bhc gi difith la ckbkr. ac fk gklrunklk8
  (af bkrkbhf)   (af bkckrih)

III.
III.>.
>. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la trk`
trk`kf
kfac
acnu
nuks
ks..
Jukc [uicth, Bhgpklra, bògprkga uc bhbh,
Qck vaz ac _icth, Bhgpklra ch bhgprh bhbh,
Bhctò la buacths uc biacth, _hrqua bhgh phbh bhbh bhgh,
Y uc bdibh lijh bhctacth: _hbh bhbh bhgprh.
Buëcth buacth bukctk [uicth.
¸Bògh bhgh8
Bhgh bhgh bhgh.
 

EHCAGK F
FICNQHKFUAFKP-FK\APKF-RHCHPK
RQ LAEAB\H: FKG@LKBIRG
FKG@LKBIRGH
H
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.

I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.

 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y bhgpfatk, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y bhgpfatk lifktkclh fks kfks ckskfas, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y bhgpfatk phr hrieibih ckskf larabdh, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y bhgpfatk phr hrieibih ckskf izquiarlh, ratacbiòc laf kira, aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
I.0. Ajarbibihs la
la sshhpfh.
 Agitirë uc shpfilh sukva y bhcticuh sh`ra fk pkfgk la su gkch, sic icefkr fks gajiffks.
 Rhpfkrë la ehrgk sukva sh`ra su pabdh, bhfhbkclh su fk`ih icearihr `kjh af suparihr.
 Rhpfkrë sh`ra su efaquiffh sukva y bhcticukgacta, bhfhbkclh af fk`ih icearihr sh`ra af suparihr.
 Acbaclarë uck vafk bhfhbklk k 01 bg. la fk `hbk laf ciûh y trks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk shpfkrë dkbiaclh hsbifkr fk
ffkgk sic kpknkrfk. Kbarbkrë prhnrasivkgacta fk vafk y bhctrhfkrë fk ictacsilkl
ictacsi lkl laf shpfh.
 Ra utifizkrëc pafhtks la picn-phcn sh`ra fks bukfas shpfkrë la ehrgk sukva y bhcticuk, prhvhbkclh su laspfkzkgiacth k fh
fkrnh la uck gask.

I.2. Ajarbibihs fhn

fhnhbicétibhs.
Facnuk euark Facnuk lactrh
Facnuk k`kjh Facnuk krri`k
Facnuk k fk larabdk Facnuk k fk izquiarlk
Facnuk astrabdk Facnuk kcbdk
Pafkgar af fk`ih suparihr Pafkgar af fk`ih icearihr
Ritukr fk puctk la fk Ritukr fk puctk la fk
facnuk ac fhs liactas facnuk ac fhs liactas
la krri`k phr lafkcta la krri`k
krri`k phr latrës
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk Ffavkr fk puctk la fk
facnuk k fks guafks la facnuk k fks guafks la
fk larabdk la k`kjh fk izquiarlk la krri`k
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk fFavkr fk puctk la fk
facnuk k fks guafks la facnuk k fks guafks la
fk larabdk la k`kjh fk izquiarlk la k`kjh
Pafkgar uck pirufatk _hsibiòc la raphsh
(einurklkgacta)

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la phsib
phsibiò
iòcc la
la fhs
fhs òrn
òrnkc
kchs
hs kr
krtib
tibuf
ufkt
kthri
hrihs.
hs.

 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbuactrkc sapkrklks. Fhs fk`ihs tkg`iéc sa situkrëc sapkrklhs. Fk puctk la fk facnuk sa kphykrë,
finarkgacta krquaklk, ac fhs kfvéhfhs suparihras. Fhs `hrlas ficnukfas sa kphykrëc ac fks acbçks la fhs ghfkras, lajkclh k
bklk fklh uck sapkrkbiòc phr lhcla skflrë af kira ac fk agisiòc.
II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..
 Ra pkrtirë la fk agisiòc laf ehcagk /c/ dkbiaclh qua af kira pksa la skfir phr fks ehsks ckskfas k skfir phr fk bkvilkl `ubkf.
Ra agitirëc fhs shcilhs laf ehcagk prhfhcnklk.
 Ra bhfhbkrë uc laprashr la kg`hs fklhs la fk facnuk la gkcark qua sa prhluzbk fk sapkrkbiòc actra fhs `hrlas ficnukfas y
ghfkras, phr lhcla skflrë af kira. K bhcticukbiòc agitirë af ehcagk /f/ prhfhcnklkgacta.
 Bhfhbkrë fk phsibiòc tiph sanúc ajarbibih kctarihr, rakfizkrë acthcbas uck ehckbiòc prhfhcnklk laf shcilh /f/.

II.2
II.2.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la ër
ërak
ak la parb
parbap
apbi
biòc
òc..

Agitirë
gisgks. Kaf bhcticukbiòc
tarkpautk afrakfizkrë
shcilh /f/
af ajarbibih
y bhfhbkrëaf prhpih
af ciûhciûh.
su gkch sh`ra fks gajiffks la kquaf h`sarvkclh fk vi`rkbiòc la fks
 H`sarvkrë fk phsibiòc tiph eracta k uc aspajh.
 

 Bhfhbkrë uck gkch eracta k fk `hbk laf tarkpautk, giactrks ésta agitirë af ehcagk /f/ la ehrgk prhfhcnklk y parbi`irë fk
skfilk fktarkf laf kira. K bhcticukbiòc af ciûh rakfizkrë af gisgh ajarbibih.

III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.
III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`ks.
s.

 _krtiaclh la fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk laf ehcagk /f/ sa kûklirëc fks vhbkfas ac af sinuiacta hrlac:

  f...k, f...h, f...u, f...a, f...i.

 Papatirë fks sçfk`ks sic prhfhcnkbiòc laf ehcagk:
Fk, fh, fu, fa, fi.

III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç
sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..

III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.

Fkfk fk
fkfh fkfu fkfa fkfi
Fhfk fhfh fhfu fhfa fhfi
Fufk fufh fufu fufa fufi
Fafk fafh
fa fafu fafa fafi
Fifk fifh fifu fifa fifi
III.
III.00.0.
.0. Bh
Bhcc eehhcagk
cagkss llaf
af gi
gisg
sghh puc
pucth
th la krtib
rtibuufkb
fkbiò
iòc.
c.

Fkck fkch fkcu fkca fkci Fkrk fkrh fkru fkra fkri
Fhck fhch fhcu fhca fhci Fhrk fhrh fhru fhra fhri
Fuck fuch fucu fuca fuci Furk furh furu fura furi
Fack fach facu faca faci Fark farh faru fara fari
Fick fich ficu fica fici Firk firh firu fira firi
 

Fkrrk fkrrh fkrru fkrra fkrri

Fhrrk fhrrh fhrru fhrra fhrri
Furrk furrh furru furra furri
Farrk farrh farru farra farri
Firrk firrh firru firra firri

2.2 Papatibiòc a pkfk`rks.

2.2.; _hsibiòc icibikf.

Fks
Fkck Fkbk
Fklh Fhs
Fhgh Fhbh
Fhfh Fuz
Fuck Fufú
Fujh Fas
Fapa Fagk
Fajçk figk
figòc finark
fçgita
Fktk Fkvk Fhlh Fhzk Fupk Fubarh Fabda Fabdarh fink fighcarh
Fkzh Fkpilk Fhrh Fhfitk Futh Fucatk Faòc Favitk fi`rh fçquilh
Fëpiz Fknkrth Fhth Fh`kth Fubih Fubikch Fabdh Fajkch fçcak
Fknh Fknuck Fhck Fònibh Fubdk Fugichsh Fanuk fich fickja
Fkpk Fkvklhrk Fh`h Fhquarh Fuanh Fucëtibh Fanh fish fi`rarçk
2.2.0 _hsibiòc galik.

Dhfk Rkfk Fifk Gkfh Gafhck Ifusiòc Ukfa Bkfatk @hfitk _hfibçk
Fhfk \ifk Gufktk Difh _afhck Béfufk Bkfa Bdifack Bhfick _hfçtibh
_kfk @hfk Bufktk Bhfhc Bhfhrklh Fi`éfufk _kfa Rafacih Gufiffk
Uafk \afk Rkfklh @kfòc _afulh _hfubiòc Hfa _afafa Bkfigk
Gkfk Bkfk Bkfklh \kfòc Rkfklh Bkfurhsh _kfatk Gafaculh Kfibik
_ifk Gufk Pufh _afhtk _ufufk \afa Gkfatk Kfi Jk`kfç
 

2.2.2 _hsibiòc eickf.

Rkf Lalkf Icibikf Rhf Kfbhdhf kzuf Dhtaf Bhrhcaf Gkclif

Bkf _kûkf Lafkctkf Ekrhf Bkrkbhf K`aluf _icbaf Gif Bkclif
Gkf Bkckf Gkckctikf Gërghf \uf Nkcluf Gkctaf ënif Palif
\kf Gkcukf Bhf Ër`hf @kúf K`af Kck`af Rutif Eòsif
Hjkf Kcigkf Nhf Igkchf Raúf _kpaf \hcaf Eëbif icekctif

2.2.< _hsibiòc icvarsk.

Kfgk Kfbkfla Hfgh _òfvhrk @ufth _ufpk Rafvk _afvis Gktifla

Bkfgk Kfbkzkr Bhfgh Hfgalh Bufth _ufph _kfgk \ifla Rifvarih
_kfgk Kfgack _hfvh Bhfgack Guftk Icsufth \afgk Eifgkr
Kfbkfë Bkfbatçc Bhfgiffh _hfvark Bufpk Klufth Gafbdhr Rif`ilh

III.
III.<<. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la erk
rksa
sas.
s.

III.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

 Fk fuck ch tiaca fuz  Fuis as uc bdibh fisth
 K Fkfh fa nustk fk fabda  Dhy Fucas knkrrkré fifks
 Bhc gi fëpiz li`ujh uc fh`h  Fajhs a kquç vivac fks fabduzks
 Fah af fi`rh la Fuis  Fk fia`ra vk finark jucth kf fknh
 Fuanh iraghs k var fahcas  Ac fk fktk dky fighcklk
 Fhfk tiaca uc ficlh fkzh
III.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.
 Fk tafa astë ac fk skfk  Asa gafòc astë gkfh
 Ac fk gkfatk ffavkré lhs phfhs  Ask tafk as la difh
 Bhnaré uc pkfiffh la fk skfk  Ac fk bhfick dky gufks
 Ac gi bhfanih dky pkfhgks  Ga bkfé bhc fks hfks laf gkr
 Fk pkfatk la fabdòc hfçk `iac  Af afaekcta pask uck thcafklk
 Dky kcigkfas pafulhs ac fk jkufk  Ga lih uc bòfibh phr bhgar bkcafhcas
 Ac Gëfknk dkba gubdh bkfhr  Gi guûabk Bkrfk tiaca af pafh la tafk
 Af pafh la _ifi as la bhfhras

III.<.2. _hsibiòc eickf.

 Asa gkctaf as la pkpaf  Kquaf ciûh as kfth bhgh Pkúf
 Af bkrkbhf skbk sus buarchs kf shf  _icté af biafh la bhfhr kzuf
 Fa abda skf k fk bhf  Asta kfbhdhf duafa gkf
 Af kcigkf nkfhpk gkf  Rkúf gatiò uc nhf
 Kf`k dizh uc hjkf

III.<.<. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

 Ac af dhtaf dky hfghs guy kfths
 Ac af `kúf nukrlk Pkekaf uc ekrhf kzuf
 Af kfnukbif ga push uck guftk ac Hfgalh
 Ac af kfgkbéc dk`çk gubdh phfvh
 Ac fk safvk vi uc kcigkf bhc nrkclas bhfgiffhs
 Ui uck bhfgack jucth kf gkckctikf sh`ra uc k`aluf.

III.
III.11. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la vars
varshs
hs..

[ua nkffick tkc bufabk, Bkrkbhf, bhf, bhf. Qck, lhfa, Kpknò af bkclif.
[ua nkffick tkc gkfk, Rkbk fhs buarchs kf shf, \afa, bkthfa, Nif, nifòc,
Bògh su`a kf pkfh, [ua tu pklra y tu gklra, [uifa, quifata, Buactk fks vaicta,
Bògh sa `kfkcbak, \kg`iéc fhs skbh, Astk`k fk raick, [ua fks vaicta shc.
Eak, eak, eak. Bkrkbhf, bhf, bhf, Ac su nk`icata,
Rkbk fhs buarchs kf shf, Uich Nif,
.
 

III.
III.5.
5. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la kl
kliv
ivic
ickc
kczk
zks.
s.
Ac uck skfk Bhfhrçc, bhfhrkc, Gis liactas shc keifklhs,
Astë lhûk Qrsufk. pkrh phr fk gkr, gubdh `riffkc kf shf,
Fk, bëtkfk= si ch ta fh linh, ga ekftk fk `hbk
Fk gçrkfk=  ch fh kbartkrës. kucqua shy bhgifòc.
Fk asbúbdkfk.   (af kzkerëc)   (af sarrubdh )
  (fk facnuk)
Palhclh bhgh fk fuck,
Qck saûhrk kftk y lafnklk, `fkcbh bhgh fk bkf,
Fkck su`a, bhc fk bk`azk bhfhrklk. ga dkbac bhc fabda purk,
fkck `kjk.   (fk bkclafk)  y yk ch ta linh gës.
  (fk ckvkjk)   (af quash)

III.
III.>.
>. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la trk`
trk`kf
kfac
acnu
nuks
ks..

Af faòc la Fhfk Fucks qua fubac fubas, Fkcks fuba Fuisk, Fknkrtijk, fknkrtijk,
Fkga y bdupk Fubas qua fa lkc fhs Fich fink Fkurk, Rkftk kf shf
_hfhs la figòc fubarhs, Fçks fink ficlk, Kctas la gatarta ac fk
_hfh qua fkga Cucbk fubirëc fks fubas, Fink Fuisk Fçks, raclijk
_hfh qua bdupk. Fks fubas qua fubac fhs Fçk Fkurk fkcks,
Af phfh la figòc fubarhs. Fuba ficlk fich.
Ra bhgiò af faòc.
.

EHCAGK FF
FICNQH_KFK\KF-FK\APKF-RHCHPK
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.
I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira 0 h 2 sanuclhs. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk dkstk knhtkr af kira.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Knukctkrë af kira 0 h 2 sanuclhs ac fhs pufghcas. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf sif`kclh sukvagacta.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk, lifktkclh fks kfks la fk ckriz. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk.

I.0. Ajarbibihs la
la sshhpfh.
 \rks bhnar af kira phr fk ckriz shpfkrë factkgacta bhc fhs fk`ihs prhyabtklhs dkbik lafkcta y chtkclh fk sukvilkl laf shpfh ac
fk pkfgk la fk gkch.

Bhfhbkrë uck vafk acbaclilk k uchs ;1 bg. la fk `hbk laf ciûh y fa icbitkrk k shpfkr sukvagacta dkbiaclh hsbifkr fk ffkgk sic
kpknkrfk.
 Pakfizkrë uc bkgich bhc eibdks y htrhs gktarikfas y bhfhbkrë uck pafhtk la picn-phcn kf icibih laf gisgh. Rhpfkrë acthcbas
sukvagacta sh`ra kquaffk, dkbiéclhfk lasfizkr phr af bkgich.

I.2. Ajarbibihs fhn

fhnhbicétibhs.
Facnuk astrabdk euark Facnuk kcbdk euark
la fk `hbk la fk `hbk
Afavkr af lhrsh la fk Facnuk ac af suafh
facnuk dkstk thbkr la fk `hbk
af pkfklkr
Facnuk astrabdk actra Facnuk kcbdk actra
fhs ghfkras fhs ghfkras
@hbk k`iartk @hbk barrklk
Icefkr bkrriffhs Bdupkr bkrriffhs
Efagòc bhc kira k fk larabdk Efagòc bhc kira k fk izquiarlk
Ghrrh Rhcrisk
 

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la ph
phsib
sibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òòrn
rnkc
kchs
hs ehc
ehchk
hkrt
rtib
ibuf
ufkt
kthr
hrih
ihs.
s.

 Fhs fk`ihs y fhs liactas sa acbhctrkrëc actrak`iarths. Fk puctk la fk facnuk sa bhfhbkrë sh`ra fhs kfvéhfhs icearihras sic
prasihckr, sus `hrlas fktarkfas bhctkbtkrëc bhc fk bkrk ictarck la fhs ghfkras suparihras y af lhrsh sa afavkrë actrkclh ac
bhctkbth bhc af pkfklkr. Fk vçk kérak taclrë skfilk phr fhs fktarkfas la fk bkvilkl `ubkf bdhbkclh bhc fks gajiffks y dkbiéclhfk
vi`rkr finarkgacta.

II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..
 Ra pkrtirë la fk phsibiòc tiph laf ehcagk /bd/. \hgkclh af kira phr fk ckriz y axpufskclh af kira phr fk `hbk ac libdk phsibiòc,
actrackraghs fhs òrnkchs krtibufkthrihs pkrk prhlubir gës eëbifgacta af shcilh /ff/ /y/ qua sa agitirë phstarihrgacta bhc
vhz y kphyëclhsa ac /bd/: bdky, bdhy, bduy, bday, bdiy.
 Bhfhbkrë fk phsibiòc laf ehcagk /ff/ pravikgacta kpraclilk y fh agitirë la ehrgk bhcticuk trks uck icspirkbiòc ckskf.
III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.

III.
III.;.
;. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la ra
rapa
pati
tibi
biòc
òc la
la sç
sçfk
fk`k
`ks.
s.
Ffk, ffh, ffu, ffa, ffi.

III.
III.0.
0. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la rap
rapat
atib
ibiò
iòcc la sçfk`
sçfk`ks
ks bbhg
hg`i
`ick
cklk
lks.
s.
III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.
Ffkffk, ffkffh ffkffu ffkffa ffkffi
Ffhffk ffffhffh ffhffu ffhffa ffhffi
Ffuffk ffffuffh ffuffu ffuffa ffuffi
Ffaffk ffaffh ffaffu ffaffa ffaffi
Ffiffk ffiffh ffiffu ffiffa ffiffi
III.
III.00.0.
.0. Bh
Bhcc eehhcagk
cagkss llaf
af gi
gisg
sghh puc
pucth
th la krtib
rtibuufkb
fkbiò
iòc.
c.

Ffkbdk, ffkbdh ffkbdu ffkbda ffkbdi Ffkûk, ffkûh ffkûu ffkûa ffkûi
Ffhbdk ffhbdh ffhbdu ffhbda ffhbdi Ffhûk ffhûh ffhûu ffhûa ffhûi
Ffubdk ffubdh ffubdu ffubda ffubdi Ffuûk ffuûh ffuûu ffuûa ffuûi
Ffabdk ffabdh ffabdu ffabda ffabdi Ffaûk ffaûh ffaûu ffaûa ffuûi
Ffibdk ffibdh ffibdu ffibda ffibdi Ffiûk ffiûh ffiûu ffiûa ffiûi

III.
III.22. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la pk
pkfk
fk`r
`rks
ks..
III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

Yk Ffkch Ffkvarh Ffhrh Yhnur Yulh Yanuk Ffavklarh

Ykta Ffkva Ffkcurk Yhnk Ffhribk Yunh Yash
Ykyk Ffkcth Ffkcarh Yhlk Ffhvizck Yunufkr Yagk
Ffknk Ffkvçc Ykbigiacth Ffhròc Yhlhsh Ffuvihsh Ffanklk
Ffkgk Ffkgklk Yh Yhyh Ffuvik Ffack Yasibk

III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Ukffk Dhyk Ragiffk Bdhffh \hbkyh Rhfhgiffh Bkffa Bkffatk Ghffark _hffich
Riffk Ruyk Ukquiffk Bkffh Racbiffh _apiciffh Ukffa @iffata Kffç Nkfficarh
@affk _kyksh Uiffkch @hffh Uisiffh Kyulk Affa @kffack Nkffick Gaffizh
Gkffk Gasiffk @htaffk Gkyh Nkffhek Kyuch Nuiffa Ghffajk \uffilh Guffilh
@hffk Lhcbaffk Raviffk Dhyh Bhliffh Laskyuch Kyar @hffarçk Kuffilh
Ghffk Bkgiffk Phliffk _iffh @affhtk \kffulh \kffa _affajh Phffizh
[uiffk \kffkja _hffh Buaffh Paphffh @hffulh Guaffa _hyata _affizk
Uiffk \kffkrçc Raffh Gkyhr Nktiffh Bk`affulh @kffatk _hpaya _hffith
Ekffk \hquiffk \uyh Rhffhzh Bk`kffh Kyulkcta Nkffatk @affazk Bdiffilh
 

III.
III.<<. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la erk
rksa
sas.
s.

III.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

 Af ffkvarh tiaca gubdks ffkvas  Fk yanuk astë ac fk ffkcurk

 Kf skfir k fk bkffa ffhvçk  Kf ffankr varé k gi ykyh
 Ga ffkgh Yasibk kyar  Af ciûh ffhrk`k phr af yhyh
 Fk ffkgk sa kpknò bhc fk ffuvik  Fk yanuk sa bhgiò af yhnur
 Af vksh astk`k ffach la yhlh  Gatighs yash ac af ykta

III.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.

 Af phffh skftò fk vkffk  Ac fk tkquiffk ga liarhc uc `iffata

 Fk yagk as kgkriffk  Bhgç bhliffh bhc `affhtks
 Ask lhcbaffk as `affk  Fk sagiffk laf papiciffh as `fkcbk
 Ac astk viffk dky uck bkffa gkyhr  Ghcté k bk`kffh ac Raviffk
 Dkré fhs bkffhs ac fk dhyk  _hr girkr k fk vkquiffk fa ffavkrhc ac bkgiffk.

III.
III.11. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la vars
varshs
hs..
Kf pkskr phr Raviffk [uiac eua k Raviffk,
La uck bdiquiffk ga ackghré, _arliò su siffk,
Fk thga fk gkch Y af qua vhfviò,
Y kf bkgpkgacth ga fk ffavé. Fk acbhctrò.

III.
III.5.
5. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la kl
kliv
ivic
ickc
kczk
zks.
s.
Eui k fk pfkzk
Bhgpré `affks
Ffanua k gi bksk
Y ffhra bhc affks.
(fk ba`hffk)
III.
III.>.
>. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la trk`
trk`kf
kfac
acnu
nuks
ks..

Ac fk bkffa Bkffkh,
Bkyò uc bk`kffh `kyh, Ffhrh phrqua ch rçh si ffhrh,
Kf piskr uck ba`hffk. Y kucqua ch rçk y ch ffhra, ffhrh,
_hrqua si rçh y ffhrh, ffhrh,
Fuck`affk, fuck`affk, Fuanh kucqua rçk, siagpra ffhrh.
Aras uck lhcbaffk `affk,
Y k astk `affk lhcbaffk, Ffkvicas y ffkvas ffavh,
Fa nustk`k fk pkaffk, Ffavh phrqua ffkvas dky qua ffavkr,
_hr ash k fk `affk fuck`affk, Ri af ffkvarh as pkrk ffavkr ffkvas,
Lufba y `affk lhcbaffk, Ffkvicas tkg`iéc suafh ffavkr.
Fk h`saquik`kc bhc pkaffk.

EHCAGK G
@IFK@IKF-CKRKF-RHCHPK
RQ LAEAB\H: GI\KBIRGH.
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.

I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.

 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk lifktkclh fks kfks ckskfas. Patacbiòc laf kira. As
Aspirkbiòc
pirkbiòc ckskf factk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc ckskf
c kskf factk y bhcticuk.
 

I.0. Ajarbibihs fhn

fhnhbicétibhs.

@hbk k`iartk @hbk barrklk

Ghrrh Rhcrisk
Ghrrh k fk larabdk Ghrrh k fk izquiarlk
Acsaûkr fhs fk`ihs Acsaûkr fhs fk`ihs
_hr lactrh _hr euark
Fk`ih suparihr sh`ra Fk`ih icearihr sh`ra
Fk`ih icearihr Fk`ih suparihr
Acsaûkr fhs liactas Acsaûkr fhs liactas
La fk larabdk La fk izquiarlk
Ra bhfhbkrë actra fhs
Fk`ihs h`jaths la liearacta
Aspashr qua af ciûh la`arë
Rujatkr y prasihckr
(fëpiz, pkfiffh, atb).

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la phsib
phsibiò
iòcc la
la fhs
fhs òrn
òrnkc
kchs
hs kr
krtib
tibuf
ufkt
kthri
hrihs.
hs.
 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbhctrkrëc finarkgacta sapkrklks. Fhs fk`ihs, finarkgacta tacshs, sa situkrëc bhgpfatkgacta
 jucths. Fk facnuk sa bhfhbkrë ac af suafh la fk `hbk ac phsibiòc la raphsh. Af vafh pkfktich la`arë astkr ac phsibiòc la
lasbacsh pkrk avitkr af asbkpa `ubkf laf kira.
III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.

III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`ks.
s.
 _krtiaclh la fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk laf ehcagk /g/ sa kûklirëc fks vhbkfas ac af sinuiacta hrlac:
  G...k, g...h, g...u, g...a, g...i.
 Papatirë fks sçfk`ks sic prhfhcnkbiòc laf ehcagk:
Gk, gh, gu, ga, gi.
III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..
III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.

Gkgk gkgh gkgu gkga gkgi

Ghgk ghgh ghgu ghga ghgi
Gugk gugh gugu guga gugi
Gagk gagh gagu gaga gagi
Gigk gigh gigu giga gigi

III.
III.00.0.
.0. Bh
Bhcc eehhcagk
cagkss llaf
af gi
gisg
sghh puc
pucth
th la krtib
rtibuufkb
fkbiò
iòc.
c.

Gkpk gkph gkpu gkpa gkpi   Gk`k gk`h gk`u gk`a gk`i
Ghpk ghph ghpu ghpa ghpi   Gh`k gh`h gh`u gh`a gh`i
gh`i
Gupk guph gupu gupa gupi   Gu`k gu`h gu`u gu`a gu`i
Gapk gaph gapu gapa gapi   Ga`k ga`h ga`u ga`a ga`i
Gipk giph gipu gipa gipi   Gi`k gi`h gi`u gi`a gi`i
III.
III.22. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la pk
pkfk
fk`r
`rksks..
III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

Gks Gkcçk Gkfatk Ghbhsh Gulk gufkth gafòc gabëcibh giaf gçtibh
Gkf Gkpk Gkskja Ghlafh Guna guffilh gachs gabalhrk gçh gisihcarh
Gkr Gktk Ghbh Gheatk Guafk gucibipih gask galikch gick gisarik
Gknik Gksbk Ghlk Ghfébufk Gujar guûabh gatk galibick gibk gicuth
Gknh Gkfazk Ghdh Ghfich Gufk gurkffk garh galusk gigh gçcigh
Gkjk Gkbatk Ghmk Ghffajk Gulh gúsibh gatkf galufk girk gicarh
Gkfk Gkbuth Ghfa Ghcalk Gurh ga gabk gajiffk gisk gighsh
Gkffk Gklajk Ghffk Ghcinhta Gusah gas gata gafhlçk gisiòc gifkch
Gkck Gklark Ghck Ghrach Gusk gabdk gatrh gi gitòc gifitkr
Gkch Gklurh Ghth Ghsquith Gunilh gabdòc gélibh gis gith
Gkcnk Gkdhgk Ghzh Gus Gufatk galik gabkch gif gitic
 

III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

kgk rkgk sagkck zugh raghfich ragask bhga pigiacth fkgick

bkgk lkgk dkgkbk ragh dugus dúgalh Kgafik bkgiffk bkgich
sugk bigk kgkriffh tigh gkgut bkgaffh axkgac thgiffh sigih
bhgk kgklk thgh ëfkgh bhguck bkgafik bhgalhr rkgiffata bhgilk
ekgk thgkta fhgh ekghsh pògufh bdigacak cugarh bkgihck bhgifòc
tagk dugkch rkgh bòghlh bhguciòc dhgackja bhgatk Gçgi
pugk bkgklk dugh Zkghrk bhgucarh kfkgalk hgank bkgiòc

III.2.2. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

@kg`ú Bkgph Bkgpiûk Bhg`k @hg`arh ¡_ug! Pug`k Agpkta Agpkcklk Fig`h
Rkg`k Bkgpkck @hg`k _hgpk @hg`iffk \ug`k Pug`h Ag`hfh Ag`astilk Igpkr
_kgpk Fëgpkrk Bhgpës @hg`òc @hg`hck \ug`h \ug`hgk Agpkbdh Ag`htklk Igparih
@kg`k Bkgpkûk @hg`h \òg`hfk Bhg`kta Bdug`h \iagph Agpksta @ig`h Rigpëtibh

III.
III.<<. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la erkrksa
sas.
s.
III.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.
 Gkgë ga tkpò bhc fk gkctk  Ga nustk af gafòc gklurh
 Gkchfh ga ghctò ac su ghth  Fhs ghfichs la fk Gkcbdk shc guy nrkclas
 Fk gkastrk acsaûk gktagëtibks  Af gúsibh dizh uck gkrkviffhsk gafhlçk
 Gkûkck bhgaré gkczkcks bhc Gkrçk  Fk guûabk la Gkrisk ffavk gkchpfks

Fk gujar la Ginuaf as ghrack 
_ictò uc ghcinhta ac galih laf bursh
III.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.
 Ga kshgkré lasla af lébigh pish  Kgafik rankfò uc rkgiffata k su kgklh
 Gkrçk bhgiò thgktas bhc gkyhcask  Fa abdé figòc k fk bhgilk
 Gi dargkch bkgick phr af gusah  Astuva ac fk bigk la kquaf ekghsh pibh
 Fks gkcbdks la gi bkgisk shc kgkriffks  Diba af axkgac bhc Kgafik y Kgklhr
 Fk sagkck qua viaca iraghs k Zkghrk  Ac af bkgarich dky uc ekghsh bkctkcta

III.<.2. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

 Nkcé `hg`hcas ac fk tòg`hfk  _usa uck `hg`iffk cuavk ac fk fëgpkrk

 Euighs kf bkgph ac tiaclk la bkgpkûk  \hgé uc agpkbdh la nkg`ks
 Fk bkgpkck shck`k kf bhgpës laf tkg`hr  Rkfté k fk bhg`k bhc Kgpkrh
 Ga nustk `kifkr skg`k y rug`k  Bhgighs agpkcklk ac Kgpuriks
 Af `hg`arh ffavk`k uck `hg`k la knuk  Bhc af `kg`ú sa dkbac `kg`ks

III.
III.11. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la vars
varshs
hs..
Uëghchs k fk bkgk Y phr gç af prigarh. Fk gufk y af `uay,
Uëghchs k lhrgir Bkfiactkc kf Pay,
\u ffavkrës fk gkctk Gkfatk, gkfatk, gkfatk, Gu, gu, gu, luérgata tu,
Yh ffavkré af bkclif Gkgë ga lijh Fk astraffk la hriacta,
[ua astk`k ac éstk. [ua kfug`rk k fk nacta,
_hcnh fk gkch Gu, gu, guy, luérgata tu.
_hr gi bhgpkûarh Gu, gu, gu, luérgata tú,

III.
III.5.
5. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la kl
kliv
ivic
ickc
kczk
zks.
s.

Kfug`rk sic sar bkclif Uarla eua gi ckbigiacth,

Kfnucks vabas chs quagk Kfth, kfth bhgh uc pich, canrk eua gi ghbalkl,
Kf ktkrlabar sa luarga,  y pask gachs qua uc bhgich.  y kdhrk ga vistac la `fkcbh
_hr fk gkûkck laspiartk.   (af dugh) pkrk ffavkrga k quagkr.
  (af shf)   (af tk`kbh)
 

III.
III.>.
>. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la trk`
trk`kf
kfac
acnu
nuks
ks
Ch ga giras qua chs girkc Gaclh garaclò uck gariaclk,
Chs girkc qua chs girkghs Y af gaclk qua ch garaclò,
Giraghs qua ch chs girac Ra qualò sic garaclkr
Y bukclh ch chs girac _hrqua garaclksta lhc Gaclh.
Chs girkghs.
Gighs gighshs gigkc,
Gkchs la gkgë Gigkclh sa gigkc gighshs,
Gkchs la pkpë, Ri sa gigkc fhs gighshs,
_arh gkchs la gkgë, Gisghs gighshcas gigkc.
Ch shc gkchs la pkpë.

EHCAGK C
FICNQHKFUAFKP-CKRKF-RHCHPK
RQ LAEAB\H: CQCKBIHC
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCGA
GAK.
K.

I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.

 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc ckskf factk y bhcticuk dkstk axpufskr af kira.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf phr hrieibih ckskf larabdh. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc ckskf factk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf phr hrieibih ckskf izquiarlh. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc ckskf factk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf lifktkclh fks kfks ckskfas. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc ckskf factk y bhcticuk.

I.0. Ajarbibihs fhn

fhnhbicétibhs.
@hbk k`iartk @hbk barrklk
Facnuk euark Facnuk lactrh
Facnuk k`kjh Facnuk krri`k
Facnuk astrabdk Facnuk kcbdk
Ritukr fk puctk la fk Ritukr fk puctk la fk
facnuk ac fhs liactas facnuk ac fhs liactas
la krri`k phr lafkcta la krri`k phr latrës
Pafkgar fhs liactas la krri`k Pafkgar fhs liactas la krri`k
phr lafkcta phr latrës
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk @hbk barrklk
k fk bkgpkciffk
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk k fk Facnuk ac raphsh
bkgpkciffk y lasfizkrfk phr pkfklkr
II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la ph
phsib
sibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òòrn
rnkc
kchs
hs ehc
ehchk
hkrt
rtib
ibuf
ufkt
kthr
hrih
ihs.
s.
 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbuactrkc sapkrklks. Fhs fk`ihs klquiarac fk phsibiòc la fk vhbkf k agitir. Kphyk af ëpiba la fk
facnuk ac fk bkrk ictarck la fhs kfvéhfhs suparihras, prhlubiéclhsa uck hbfusiòc thtkf. Af vafh laf pkfklkr lasbaclarë lajkclh
pksh kf kira phr fk vçk ckskf.
 Qck vaz bhcsanuilk fk phsibiòc, icspirkrë factkgacta phr fk ckriz y aspirkrë ac fk gisgk ehrgk.
II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..

 Agitirë af ehcagk /g/ la ehrgk prhfhc prhfhcnklk

nklk y trks uck agisiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk.
prheuclk. Bhfhbkr
Bhfhbkrëë acthcbas fk phsibiòc
phsibiòc tiph
la /c/ y bhcticukrë bhc fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk la asta ehcagk.
 Kftarckrë fk agisiòc la asths lhs ehcagks:
  cc............gggg..............ccc...............ggg.........
 Agitirë af ehcagk bhc fhs liactas jucths, h`finkclh fk skfilk laf kira. Lurkcta fk prhfhcnkbiòc laf ehcagk irk sapkrkclh
factkgacta fhs liactas sic lajkr la phcar fk phsibiòc.
 

III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.

III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`ks.
s.
 _krtiaclh la fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk laf ehcagk /c/ sa kûklirëc fks vhbkfas ac af sinuiacta hrlac:
  c..k, c...h, c...u, c,...a, c...i.
 Papatirë fks sçfk`ks sic prhfhcnkbiòc laf ehcagk:
  ck, ch, uc, ca, ci.
III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç
sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..
III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.

Ckck ckch ckcu ckca ckci

Chck chch chcu chca chci
Cuck cuch cucu cuca cuci
Cack cach cacu caca caci
Cick cich cicu cica cici

III.
III.0.
0.0.
0. Ac bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickb
kbiò
iòcc bbhc
hc eh
ehca
cagk
gkss laf
laf g
gis
isgh
gh puct
pucthh la kr
krti
tibu
bufk
fkbi
biòc
òc..

Ckfk ckfh ckfu ckfa ckfi Ckrk ckrh ckru ckra ckri
Chfk ckfh chfu chfa chfi Chrk chrh chru chra chri
Cufk cufh cufu cufa cufi Curk curh curu cura ciri
Cafk cafh cafu cafa cafi Cark carh caru cara cari
Cifk cifh cifu cifa cifi Cirk cirh ciru cira ciri

Ckrrk ckrrh ckrru ckrra ckrri

Chrrk chrrh chrru chrra chrri
Currk currh curru curra cirri
Carrk carrh carru carra carri
Cirrk cirrh cirru cirra cirri

III.
III.22. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la pk
pkfk
fk`r
`rks
ks..
III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.
Cktk Ckipa Cktkbiòc Chgh Chtibik Cuava Caca Cacúekr Cilh Cicnuch
Ckva Ckh Ckturk Chlh Chvkth Cufh Caòc Caurhck Cimi Civafklh
Ckriz Cksk Cktiffks Chnkf Chvafk Cuavh Cack Cavklh Ciava
Ck`h Ckth Cktkfik Chvih Chvach Cuark Cah Cavark Cyfhc
Ckti Ckifhc Cëutibh Chvaf Chviffh Cuaz Carvih Cabasar Ciûk
Cëbkr Ckbihckf Chtk Chbivh Chvibik Cúgarh Cath Canklh Civaf
Cklk Ckrkcjk Chbda Còlufh Cu`a Culiffh Ca`ufhsk Ciûh Cibhtick
Ckbiòc Ckrizhtk Chrik Cògklk Cubk Cugarhsh Canhbih Cizk Ciûark
Ckck Cklklhr Chch Chtkrih Culh Cabih Canktivh Cibdh Cimitk
III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.
_ack Eick Bkckffk Ghch Rkch Mighch Bkcuth Rarach Bkcibk Gkcifk
Kgk Nkck Ackch Fich @uach _hffich Gicutk Jicata Bkciffk Gkcivafk
Kck Rkck Gafack Uich Bkchk Rafack Icútif Bhrcata Ghciffh Gkciquç
Uack \uck Lhback Bhch _apich Gkchjh Kculk \acalhr kghcçkbh @hcith
Fhck Gkûkck Bklack Bdich Bkgich Gkchfh Kcufkr Ghcalk Bòcibh Kciffh
Bkck @kckck \ickjk Eich Gçcigh Kcukf Bica Gkcajh Jòcibh Kcigklh
Fuck Bkckrih Kbaituck Fich Bhgich Kcukrih Licarh Gkcabiffk Rhcilh Kcigkf
Luck Bhrhck _ich Gkch Lhgich Gicuth Uacach Bacizk Gkcçk
III.2.2. Eickf la ffkk pkfk`rk.
_kc Nkfëc Kfagëc Caòc @htòc @atúc Ac Rktéc Ghtçc
Rkc Jukc Bktkfëc Bhfhc Bhgifòc \uc-tuc Uac Kfgkbéc _ktçc
\kc Bkigëc @kfòc Riffòc @kbifòc Ktúc \ac Bhchbac Klçc
Bkc Pueiëc Rkfòc @hg`òc Bhfhbkr Bhgúc Biac Eic Riffçc
Dkc Klëc Bkgiòc Kviòc _kctkfòc Bktkpúc Kgéc Ric Bkfk`kbic
Bukc Rulkc Gafòc Jkgòc Qc Bkgarúc Jkéc @kfçc Bhfhrçc
 

III.2.<. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

@kcbh @kclk Kctinuh Bhcnk Hctkcalk Kpucta Kbupuctur Luacla Rasactk Bictk
Gkctk @uekclk Fkvkclark Hczk Guclh Icuclkr k Euacta Chvactk Ficlk
Rkctk @kclark Ghctòc Ghctark Jucth Ranuclh Buacbk Ktacth Bkfacturk Bicturk
Kcta Gkczkck Ghcjk _ahczk _ucth Kcucbih _uacta Bkfiacta _ictk _icturk
Bkcta Bkctktk Fhcjk Nhczkfh Ksucth Ksucbiòc Facta Gactirk _iczk Cicnuck
III.
III.<<. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la erk
rksa
sas.
s.
III.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

 K Curik fa nustk cklkr  Fk ckvkjk astë cuavk

 Ffankghs k fks cuava la fk chbda  Ch dky cklk bhgh fk ciava
 Ckbiò bhc fk ckriz bdktk  Ac fk chvafk kpkraba uc chtkrih
 Yh bhgh cktiffks y cuabas  Ac fk cavark gatç ckrkcjks
 Af chvih su`iò k fk chvik  Cagasih tiaca uc canhbih la ckvçhs

III.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.

 Jukck tiaca u kciffh guy ghch
 Kck tiaca bkcks  Ac af bkgich dky uc bkckf la knuk
 Ru`ç k fk fuck ac gi ckva  Ac uc gicuth vighs uck gkcklk la fahcas
 Ac fk back chs pusiarhc papichs  Fk bhfhcik la pich duafa `iac
 Fk gick tiaca uc túcaf achrga  Af caca astë ac fk buck
 \iaca gkchs eicks la pikcistk
III.<.2. _hsibiòc icvarsk.
 Gi pkctkfòc as la pkck y kcta  Ga nustkc fhs `hg`hcas la cktk ghctklk
 Bhgh pkc bhc jkgòc  Uhy k fk cktkbiòc fhs lhgicnhs
 \acnh uc siffòc ac gi skfòc  Ga push fhs liactas la puctk
 Bkrnkré af bkgiòc bhc jk`òc  Bhc fk gkctk y fk `uekclk asthy bkfiacta
 Jukc y _apa junk`kc kf `kfòc  Astkré jucth k fk euacta k fk uck ac pucth

2.1 Papatibiòc la varshs.

Ac fk bkffa laf Bkrgac, Fuck, fucark, Cklk`kc, cklk`kc K fk cak, cak, cak,
Cúgarh uch, Bksbk`afark, Cklk`kc fhs pkths, K fk cak, cak, ch,
Uiva gi kgkcta, Bicbh phffiths Cklk`kc, cklk`kc Garabarçks buck la hrh
_ish sanuclh. Y uck tarcark. Y ch sa ghjk`kc. Y ask ch fk tacnh yh,
K fk cak, cak, cak,
\igici, tic, tigici, tkc, Rkck, skck, K fk cak, cak, ch,
Af vactkciffh \igici, tigici, tigici, tkc Bhfitk la rkck, K fk cak, qua sa luarga,
As la hrh eich \hquac k tigici, thquac k Ri ch skcks dhy, Y k fk cak sa lurgiò,
_krk qua _apa tkc Rkckrës gkûkck. Ak, ak
Dk`fa bhcginh. \hquac, thquac,
bkgpkcks la Rkc Jukc.
2.5. Papatibiò
ibiòcc la klivic
ickkczks.

Lhs dargkchs shc

Af uch vk k gisk Biac kginhs tacnh,
Y af htrh ch. thlhs ac uck tk`fk,
  (af vich ticth si yh ch fhs thbh,
 y af vich `fkcbh) affhs ch ga dk`fkc.
  (af pikch)
Qck bhfbdk ragaclklk
 y ch tiaca uck puctklk. @fkcbhs shc,
  (af biafh cu`fklh) fks nkfficks fh phcac,
bhc gkctabk sa erçac
¸Ga klivicks, phr ehrtuck,  y bhc pkc sa bhgac.
buëf as af kva sic kfk cicnuck8   (af duavh)
  (fk kvack)
 

2.>. Papatibiò
ibiòcc la trk`kfacnu
nukks.

Cucbk y ch as labir ch, Hvich ci as ‖h‗ Ciûhs skftkrëc, tkrëc, tkrëc

Ch cucbk, as labir ch, Ci as vich, Htrhs `kifkrëc, fkrëc, fkrëc,
Cucbk, ch, as ch y ch, H si as la hvajk Gubdhs bkgpkrëc, pkrëc, pkrëc,
Fuanh cucbk y ch, as ch. Y vich, la bapk. Y kfnuchs sa `kûkrëc, ûkrëc, ûkrkc
.

EHCAGK Û
FICNQH_KFK\KF-CKRKF-RHCHPK
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.
I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc ckskf factk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc ckskf
c kskf factk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc ckskf
c kskf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Aspirkbiòc ckskf bhc fk `hbk k`iartk.

I.0. Ajarbibihs fhn

fhnhbicétibhs.
@hbk k`iartk @hbk barrklk
Ghrrh Rhcrisk
Facnuk astrabdk Facnuk kcbdk
Efagòc bhc facnuk Efagòc bhc facnuk
k fk larabdk k fk izquiarlk
Afavkr af lhrsh ficnukf Facnuk ac raphsh
dkstk thbkr af pkfklkr ac af suafh la
òsah fk `hbk

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la ph
phsib
sibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òòrn
rnkc
kchs
hs ehc
ehchk
hkrt
rtib
ibuf
ufkt
kthr
hrih
ihs.
s.
 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbhctrkrëc sapkrklks. Fhs fk`ihs sa situkrëc finarkgacta klafkctklhs y sapkrklhs, af ëpiba ficnukf
sa kphykrë finarkgacta trks fhs icbisivhs suparihras. Af lhrsh ficnukf sa acskcbdkrë y sa afavk thbkclh af pkfklkr òsah. Fhs
`hrlas fktarkfas bhctkbtkrëc bhc fk bkrk ictarck la fhs ghfkras suparihras, prhlubiéclhsa uc biarra thtkf la fk vçk kérak. Af
vafh pkfktich lasbaclarë.
II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..

 Ra pkrtirë la fk krtibufkbiòc laf ehcagk /c/. Ra prasihckrë acthcbas bhc af laprashr la facnuk sh`ra af bactrh la fk gisgk,
dkbiaclh qua sa kphya bhctrk af vafh laf pkfklkr.
 Ra pkrtirë inukfgacta laf shcilh /c/ prhfhnëclhfh y kûkliaclh kf eickf uck /i/. K bhcticukbiòc sa rakfizkrë af ajarbibih
kûkliaclh fhs lipthcnhs /ik/, /ih/, /iu/, /ia/, bhcsinuiaclh ksç /ûk/, /ûh/, /ûu/, /ûa/.
 Ra pkrtirë laf shcilh /ff/ dkbiaclh qua af kira icspirklh, lurkcta fk ehckbiòc, phr fks ehsks ckskfas, prhlubiéclhsa af
shcilh /û/.

II.2
II.2.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la ër
ërak
akss la parb
parbap
apbi
biòc
òc..
 Bhfhbkrë uc aspajh `kjh fhs hrieibihs ckskfas lurkcta fk agisiòc laf shcilh /û/ phr pkrta laf tarkpautk. K bhcticukbiòc fh
rakfizkrë af ciûh.
 Pakfizkrë fk phsibiòc af tarkpautk kcta af aspajh y h`sarvkrë kf ciûh fhs òrnkchs krtibufkthrihs. K bhcticukbiòc rakfizkrë af
ciûh af ajarbibih.
 _arbi`irë fk vi`rkbiòc la fks kfks ckskfas, thbkclh finarkgacta bhc fk yagk la fhs lalhs sh`ra kquaffks.
 

III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.

III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`ks.
s.
  Ûk, ûh, ûu, ûa, ûi.

III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç
sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..

III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.

Ûkûk ûkûh ûkûu ûkûa ûkûi

Ûhûk ûhûh ûhûu ûhûa ûhûi
Ûuûk ûuûh ûuûu ûuûa ûuûi
Ûaûk ûaûh ûaûu caca ûaûi
Ûiûk ûiûh ûiûu ûiûa ûiûi

III.
III.00.0.
.0. Bh
Bhcc eehhcagk
cagkss llaf
af gi
gisg
sghh puc
pucth
th la krtib
rtibuufkb
fkbiò
iòc.
c.
Ûkffk ûkffh ûkffu ûkffa ûkffi
Ûhffk ûhffh ûhffu ûhffa ûhffi
Ûuffk ûuffh ûuffu ûuffa ûuffi
Ûaffk ûaffh ûaffu ûaffa caffi
Ûiffk ûiffh ûiffu ûiffa ûiffi
III.
III.22. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la pk
pkfk
fk`r
`rks
ks..

III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

Ûu
Ûkclú
Ûhûh
III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.
Qûk Raûk Gkûkck Fankûk Ghûh Astkûh _aflkûh _kûuafh @kûark Kûif
Buûk Faûk _iûktk Aspkûk @kûh Kûhjh _kûhfatk Ghûulh Uiûalh Bkûizh
Ciûk _aûk Bkûklk Kûh Ruaûh _iûhcas Puisaûhr Uiûatk Kûajh Gaûiqua
Lhûk \iûk _iûkzh Ciûh Gkûh Hthûh @uûuafh Bhruûas Fuûarh @hûink
Bkûk Bhûkb Binöaûk Faûh Raûhras _aquaûh Raûuafh _aquaûabh Guûabk Paûilh
Gkûk Buûklh Uiûklhr _kûh  Kpkûh Pathûh Baûulh \afaûabh Pankûick
III.
III.<<. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la erk
rksa
sas.
s.
III.<.;. _hsibiòc galik.
 \hûh thgh su bkûk  Gi bhgpkûarh as la Fk Bhruûk
 Fk guûabk tacçk ghûh  Af buûklh la gi gklra viva ac Fhnrhûh
 Rhûa bhc uck nrkc piûk  Fk uûk la gi lalh gaûiqua sa rhgpiò
 Hbkûk as uc pua`fh aspkûhf  Qc saûhr panò uc puûatkzh k htrh
 Fk faûk sa nukrlk ac fk faûark  Fk saûhrk bhgprò `uûuafhs kf ciûith
 Fhs ciûhs thgk`ks piûhcas  Lhck Jukck tiaca gkûk pkrk taûir
 Qck krkûk actrh phr fk bkûarçk
III.
III.11. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la vars
varshs
hs..
Pk`ik rk`iûk, Ac fk bkûklk ta vi,
[ua tacnh uck piûk, Bhc uck bkûk la pasbkr,
Qck gkûkck la k`rif,
Bhc gubdhs piûhcas, Bukclh ga i`k k `kûkr.
[ua tú ch fhs bhgas.
III.
III.5.
5. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la kl
kliv
ivic
ickc
kczk
zks.
s.

Qck saûhrk bhc Qck saûhritk Qck saûhrk

 gubdks `ksquiûks guy ksaûhrklk guy ksaûhrklk
Y qua sa phca pahr qua siagpra vk ac bhbda, su`a kf trac
 phr acbigk.  y siagpra vk ghjklk.  y ch pknk cklk.
  (fk ba`hffk)   (fk facnuk)   (fk ghsbk)
 

III.
III.>.
>. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la trk`
trk`kf
kfac
acnu
nuks
ks..

Ûhr, ûhrk, saûhr y saûhrk, Ûkth, nkth, bdkth,

Raûhrk asphsk
asphsk laf saûhr, Ckbdh, ckbdh, ûkth,
Raûhr asphsh la fk saûhrk, Ûkbdh inukf k bdkth,
Rhc af saûhr y saûhrk. Bdkth aquivkfa k ûkth.

EHCAGK _
@IFK@IKF-HBFQRIUK-RHPLK
RQ LAEAB\H: @A\KBIRGH.
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.

I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.

 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk. Patacbiòc laf kira 0 h 2 sanuclhs. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf ac 2 h < tiagphs dkstk knhtkr af kira.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf shftkclh af kira la ehrgk axpfhsivk y rëpilk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk.

I.0. Ajarbibihs fhn

fhnhbicétibhs.
@hbk k`iartk @hbk barrklk
Ghrrh Rhcrisk
Fk`ih
kf fk`ihlalakrri`k
k`kjhguarla Fk`ih
kf fk`ihlalak`kjh guarla
krri`k
Ghrrh k fk larabdk Ghrrh k fk izquiarlk
Acsaûkr fhs fk`ihs Asbhclar fhs fk`ihs.
phr lactrh

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la ph
phsib
sibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òòrn
rnkc
kchs
hs ehc
ehchk
hkrt
rtib
ibuf
ufkt
kthr
hrih
ihs.
s.

 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbhctrkrëc finarkgacta sapkrklks. Fhs fk`ihs bhgpfatkgacta jucths y bhc uck finark tacsiòc
gusbufkr. Fk facnuk astkrë ac raphsh ac af suafh la fk `hbk.
II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..

 \rks fk icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk, gkctaclrë af kira kbugufklh ac fk `hbk. K`rirë `rusbkgacta af hrieibih `ubkf agitiaclh
kf skfir af kira laf ehcagk /p/.


Ra h`struirëc
phsibiòc fks ehsks
tiph, k`rirë ckskfas bhcagitiaclh
`rusbkgacta ç cliba y pufnkr
çcliba /p/, irëk shftkclh
ghlh la phbh
piczk.k Kbugufkrë
phbh. acthcbas af kira ac fk `hbk bhfhbkclh fk

II.2
II.2.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la ër
ërak
akss la parb
parbap
apbi
biòc
òc..
 Af tarkpautk agitirë af ehcagk eracta k uck vafk y af ciûh h`sarvkrë af ghvigiacth qua sa prhluba la fk ffkgk. K bhcticukbiòc
fh rakfizkrë éf.
 Bhfhbkrë fk gkch sh`ra fk fkricna h`sarvkclh fk kusacbik la vi`rkbiòc fkrçcnak.
 Pakfizkrë af tarkpautk af ehcagk, af ciûh chtkrë fk skfilk axpfhsivk laf kira ac af lhrsh la fk gkch. K bhcticukbiòc fh rakfizkrë
af ciûh.
 Chtkrë fk kusacbik la vi`rkbiòc la fks kfks ckskfas bhfhbkclh af lalh sh`ra éstks, lurkcta fk agisiòc la /p/.

II.<
II.<.. Aj
Ajar
arbbib
ibih
ihss bbhg
hgppfag
fagactk
actkri
rihs
hs..
 Ictrhlubirë h`jaths la liearacta aspashr (pkfiffhs, pfugks, laprashras, bkcutiffhs, atb.) actra fhs fk`ihs y prasihckrë
finarkgacta.

III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.
III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`ks.
s.
  _k, ph, pu, pa, pi.
 

III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç
sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..
III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.

_kpk pkph pkpu pkpa pkpi

_hpk phph phpu phpa phpi
_upk puph pupu pupa pupi
_apk paph papu papa papi
_ipk piph pipu pipa pipi
III.
III.00.0.
.0. Bh
Bhcc eehhcagk
cagkss llaf
af gi
gisg
sghh puc
pucth
th la krtib
rtibuufkb
fkbiò
iòc.
c.
_k`k pk`h pk`u pk`a pk`i _kgk pkgh pkgu pkga pkgi
_h`k ph`h ph`u ph`a ph`i _hgk phgh phgu phga phgi
_u`k pu`h pu`u pu`a pu`i _ugk pugh pugu puga pugi
_a`k pa`h pa`u pa`a pa`i _agk pagh pagu paga pagi
_i`k pi`h pi`u pi`a pi`i _igk pigh pigu piga pigi

III.
III.2.
2. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la vhb
vhbk`
k`uf
ufkr
krih
ih bbhc
hc pkf
pkfk`
k`rk
rks.
s.

III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

_kz _kfk _hffh _hpufkr _us _urh _uûkfklk _aquaûh _afusk _ibh
_kc _kyksh _hbh _hpaya _uk _upitra _az _apich _is _ich
_kck _ksah _hfh _hffith _ug _ubdarh _afh _asatk _ia _igiacth
_kth _kfatk _hfçtibh _hfibçk _ugk _uûklh _abdh _atkbk _ith _ibhtk

III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

\kpk Fupk Bkgpkûk Bhph Bkphcktk Kpurklh _kpafark Bdupata Fupitk
Bkpk Rhpk Rkph \kpòc Kphlh Kpuctkr \hrpalh \kpik Bhpith
Fkpk _kpk _kph Bkphtk Bkpubdk Paputkbiòc \rhgpatk _kpiffk Bdupith
Bdkpk Bdkfupk Bdhph Bkpòc Bkpuffh _apa Bkrpatk Bkrpictarh Bkpitëc
Bhpk Bkpktkz Nukph Bkphta Kpucta _kpaf Bhpata Bkpiffk Fkpilk
III.<. Erksas asbrit
itkks.

III.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

 Af pkth tiaca pibh  Fk pisthfk dkba ¡pug, pug!

 Af phffith dkba pçh, pçh  \acnh pkfhgks ac af pkfhgkr
 _kbh bhga puré  Af pifhth vuafk ac pibklk
 Yh picth ac uc pkpaf  Ask pkctark tiaca af pafh pkrlh
 _ifkr bhga phbh

2.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.

 Fupitk sa girk ac af aspajh  Yh agpujh uc pkquata

 _ksbukf juank k fks bdkpks  Af bk`kffh nkfhpk guy rëpilh
 _kpë phca bdkgpkca ac uck bhpk  _apitk juank bhc sus bhgpkûarhs
 K _ifi fa kpataba shpk  Ac af bkgph bkçkc bhphs la ciava
 Gi bkpk tiaca bkpubdk  Af bkpitëc laf `krbh pirktk su`iò k fk phpk

III.
III.11. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la vars
varshs
hs..

_kc y thgkta, _ush phfvh, Ac fk puartk la gi bksk,

_krk qua ch ta asbkpas, ac fk phfvark, Uhy k phcar uc patkrlh,
_kc y thbich, Bdic puc, euark. _krk raçrga laf qua vacnk
_krk qua vacnks bhcginh. K palirga af knuickflh.
 

III.
III.5.
5. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la kl
kliv
ivic
ickc
kczk
zks.
s.

Rhy af L¼Krtknckc laf gkr, _krk `kifkr ga phcnh fk bkpk

Eicçsigh aspklkbdçc, phrqua sic bkpk ch pualh `kifkr,
Rhfh ush pkrk pasbkr, pkrk `kifkr ga skbh fk bkpk,
Gi knulk y fkrnk ckriz. phrqua sic bkpk ch pualh `kifkr.
  (paz aspklk)   (af trhgph)

III.
III.>.
>. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la trk`
trk`kf
kfac
acnu
nuks
ks..

_alrh _k`fh _éraz _arairk, _ibh tiaca uck pibk la _abh, _kbh pknò pktktks,
_h`ra picthr phrtunués _uas _abh astë pibklh la pabks, _iliò papichs,
_ictk pkiskjas phr phbh prabih. Y _ibh pibk k _abh bhc fk pibk, _arliò pipks,
_krk qua fks pabks la _abh sa piquac, _kbh pktktks parliò,
Af qua phbk bkpk pkrlk bhgprk, Ri pibh pibk bhc fk pibk k _abh, _ipks piliò.
_hbk bkpk pkrlk vacla, _abh qualk pibklh phr _ibh bhc fk
Yh qua phbk bkpk pkrlk bhgpré, pibk. _kc, pkrk pkc,
_hbk bkpk pkrlk vaclç. _ipk pkrk pipk,
_çh, pçh, pkjkrarh _hc, phrròc, phrròc.
Ac _icth, Jukc _hcta af quicth, _kjkriths, pçh, pçh,
_hr fk picturk laspuctk, _çkc, pçkc, pkjkriths, _hquith k phquith
Y uc puacta la puctk k puctk _çh, pçh, pkjkrarh. Bhpata agpkquatk
_ictk kf pucth _hcta af _icth. _kjkrarh, pkjkriths, _hquitks bhpitks
_kjkriths, pkjkrarh. Ac asta pkquata.

EHCAGK P
FICNQKFUAFKP-UI@PKC\A
FICNQKFUAFKP-UI@PKC\A RIG_FA-RHCHPK.
RQ LAEAB\H: PH\KBIRGH.
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.
I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.
 Pakfizkrë uck icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk lifktkclh fks kfks ckskfas. Patacbiòc laf kira. As
Aspirkbiòc
pirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk lifktkclh fks kfks ckskfas. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk.
I.0. Ajarbibihs la
la sshhpfh.
 \hgkrë kira phr fk ckriz a icefkrë fks gajiffks agitiaclh uc shpfh euarta.
 Ra bhfhbkrëc trhbiths la pkpaf la salk sh`ra uck gask. Laspués la uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk shpfkrë bhc euarzk
sh`ra affhs, dkbiaclh qua sa lisparsac la uc shfh shpfilh.
 Acbaclarë uck vafk bhfhbklk k ;1 bg. la fk `hbk laf ciûh. \rks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk la`arë shpfkr y kpknkrfk. Ra
kugactkrë prhnrasivkgacta fk listkcbik.


Dkrë shckr uck trhgpatiffk agitiaclh uc shcilh bhrth a ictacsh. Qtifizkrë tkg`iéc sif`kths la fk gisgk gkcark.
I.2. Ajarbibihs fhn
fhnhbicétibhs.

Facnuk euark Facnuk lactrh

Facnuk k`kjh Facnuk krri`k
Facnuk k fk larabdk Facnuk k fk izquiarlk
Facnuk astrabdk actra fhs fk`ihs Facnuk kcbdk actra fhs fk`ihs
Pafkgar af fk`ih suparihr Pafkgar af fk`ih icearihr
Ritukr fk puctk la fk facnuk ac fhs icbisivhs Ritukr fk puctk la fk facnuk
Icearihras phr lafkcta. ac fhs icbisivhs suparihras phr latrës
Pafkgar fhs liactas suparihras phr lafkcta Pafkgar fhs liactas suparihras phr latrës
Pafkgar fhs liactas icearihras phr lafkcta Pafkgar fhs liactas icearihras phr latrës
Acskcbdkr fk facnuk actra fhs liactas Bhfhbkr fk facnuk ac af suafh la fk `hbk
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk k fks guafks Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk
Ruparihras la fk larabdk k fks guafks suparihras la fk izquiarlk
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk k fks guafks Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk k fks guafks
Icearihras la fk larabdk icearihras la fk izquiarlk
Efagòcpuctk
Ffavkr bhc facnuk k fk larabdk
la facnuk k bkgpkciffk Efagòc bhc
Lasfizkr facnuk
puctk k fk izquiarlk
la facnuk phr pkfklkr
Bdksquakr fk facnuk _hsibiòc la raphsh
 

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

0.;.
0.;. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la phsib
phsibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òrn
òrnkc
kchs
hs eh
ehch
chkr
krti
tibu
bufk
fkthr
thrih
ihs.
s.
 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbhctrkrëc sapkrklks. Fhs fk`ihs astkrëc tkg`iéc sapkrklhs bhc uck finark axtacsiòc la fks
bhgisurks. Af ëpiba ficnukf sa kphykrë ac fhs kfvéhfhs suparihras astkclh asta acskcbdklh y eich, kf inukf qua fhs `hrlas
sa kphykrëc ac fk bkrk ictarck la fhs ghfkras suparihras.

0.0.
0.0. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la ag
agisisiò
iòcc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..
 Agitirë fhs ehcagks /t/ y /l/ rapatilkgacta talé, talé, talé, talé, talé.....dk`iaclh icspirklh pravikgacta af kira phr
fk ckriz y bhc ghvigiacths bhrths y bklk bklk vaz gës rëpilhs.
 Pakfizkrë uck icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk, knhtkrë af kira agitiaclh fkfkfkfkfk....., fafafafafa....., fififififi..., bklk vaz
gës rëpilh.
 Pakfizkrë uck icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk y knhtkrë af kira agitiaclh cacacaca..., la fk gisgk gkcark qua af
ajarbibih kctarihr.
 Ra pkrtirë laf ehcagk /t/, agitiaclh bhc euarzk y prasihckclh euartagacta bhctrk fk bkrk ictarck la fhs icbisivhs
suparihras la gkcark qua kf pkskr af kira bhc euarzk dknk vi`rkr fk puctk la fk facnuk, prhlubiéclhsa af shcilh /r/: t, t,
t, tr, trr, trrr...
 Agitirë af ehcagk /f/ la ehrgk prhfhcnklk giactrks af tarkpautk prasihckrë sh`ra fks gajiffks, avitkclh af asbkpa
fktarkf laf kira y agitiaclh ksç /r/.
 Bhfhbkrë fk phsibiòc tiph la /r/ y agitirë arararara..., prasihckclh inukfgacta af tarkpautk fks gajiffks. Ra rakfizkrë rakfizkrë af
ajarbibih tkg`iéc bhc fks vhbkfas /k/, /h/, /u/, /i/: krkrkrkrk... iriririri..., atb.

0.2.
2. Aj
Ajar
arbbib
ibih
ihss la ëraks
raks la parb
arbapb
apbiò
iòc.
c.
 Bhfhbkrë fk gkch sh`ra fks gajiffks laf tarkpautk parbi`iaclh su vi`rkbiòc lurkcta fk agisiòc laf ehcagk /f/, kusacbik la
kquaffk lurkcta fk agisiòc la /r/. Fh rakfizkrë af ciûh phstarihrgacta.
 Bhfhbkrë fk gkch eracta k fk `hbk laf tarkpautk parbi`iaclh fk skfilk axpfhsivk y bactrkf laf kira lurkcta fk agisiòc la /r/. K
bhcticukbiòc fh rakfizkrë af ciûh.
 Bhfhbkrë fk gkch sh`ra af buaffh laf tarkpautk h`sarvkclh fk vi`rkbiòc la fks buarlks vhbkfas.

III.IC\PHLQBBIÒC LAF EHCAGK AC AF FACNQKJA PA_A\ILH.

2.;. Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks.
  Pk, rh, ru, ra, ri.

2.0.
0. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`kss bhg
hg`i
`ick
cklk
lks.
s.

2.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.

  Pkrk rkrh rkru rkra rkri
  Pkrh rhrh rhru rhra rhri
  Purk rurh ruru rura ruri
  Park rarh raru rara rari
  Pirk rirh riru rira riri
2.0.
2.0.0.
0. Bhc
Bhc ehca
ehcagk
gkss laf
laf gi
gisg
sghh puc
pucth
th la
la kkrt
rtib
ibuf
ufkb
kbiòc
iòc..

  fkrk fkrh fkru fkra fkri   ckrk ckrh ckru ckra ckri
  fkrh fhrh fhru fhra fhri   ckrh chrh chru chra chri
  furk furh furu fura furi   curk curh curu cura curi
  fark farh faru fara fari   cark carh caru cara cari
  firk firh firu fira firi   cirk cirh ciru cira ciri
2.2. Papatibiòc la pkfk`rks.
Bkrk Dhrk Kbark \hrh Bhrhck Hrunk _krah Uaralk _krik _ariffk
Rkrk Krkûk Uarkch Bhrh \i`uròc Ghruch Gkrah \arask Ririh Nkritk
Ukrk Bkrkbhf Krh Luarh Rkfarh _irufç Raré Ghrach Rarik Rkfkrih
_ark \ijark _urh Ruarh Gklarh @kruffh liré Rirack Rdarie
\irk Girklhr Lurh Gkrhgk _ëjkrh Uiruafk Dkré _arazk Gkrick
Burk Raûhrk Gurh Krhgk Fubarh _irujk  pkral _uratk Gkrich
Bark \irkcta Garh Bkrhtk Gkrú _irufatk Gkrak Raracktk Bkriûh
Uark _irktk Bkrh Girhck _arú Krack Bkratk Gkri _aribh
_urk _irkûk Barh Raclarh Gkrujk _uré Hrajk Rkri Bariffk
_irk _ëjkrk Ghrh @k`arh Uirutk \arask Dkrick Iris Gkriffk
 

2.<. Papatibiòc la erksas.

 Rkrk as uck bkrklurk  Asa gkricarh sa ffkgk _aribh

 Fk park astë gklurk  Af pëjkrh girk`k lasla af gklarh
 \iré af guclh bhc uc pibh  Fa liré k Gkrçk qua ta la uc pirufç
 Asta krh as guy bkrh  K fk vark laf rçh dk`çk uc saclarh
 \arask sa eua k _arú  Lasla af girklhr sa va fk hriffk laf gkr
 Eurik as purk skcnra  Gkrujk ga rankfò uck bkratk la pirktk
 Asa burk sa pkraba kf _éraz  Kquaf saûhr ark ghrach y bhc pariffk
 Af ghrh vivçk k hriffks laf Luarh  Ga diba uck darilk ac fk hrajk
 Bhc fhs purhs ga gkrah  Bhc dkrick y uc skfarh dknh puré guy `uach
 Kquaffk sirack ffavk`k uck bhrhck la hrh
2.1. Papatibiòc la varshs.

Ri asta ciûh _ith skfklh eua Fkczkrhta, Qck bhsk ga da acbhctrklh,

Ra lurgiark, Ga trkjh uc vastilh la bkpirhta. Buktrh vabas fh liré,
Yh fa lkrçk uc galih rakf Ri su luaûh ch kpkraba
_krk qua sa bhgprkrk Lic, lhc Bhc affk ga qualkré.
Qc palkbith la pkc. Lic, lhc lkc,
Bkgpkcitks shckrëc, Fuck, fucark,
Fuck, fucark, bksbk`afark Fks astraffks `riffkrëc Bksbk`afark
Lifa k _aribh qua thqua af pith, Y k fhs ciûhs vafkrëc Bicbh phffiths
Y uck tarcark.

2.5. Papatibiò
ibiòcc la klivic
ickkczks.

Kgkriffh phr euark,   (af nkffh) bukclh ga vhy k ghrir.

Kgkriffh phr lactrh, @fkcbk phr lactrh,   (fk ghrk)
Y uc bhrkzòc klactrh. varla phr euark,
  (af gafhbhtòc) si quiaras sk`ar, aspark, Bhfhrçc bhfhrëc,
    (fk park) pksh phr fk gkr,
Kfth, kftkcarh nrkc bk`kffarh, si ch ta fh linh,
nhrrh la nrkck, bkpk Uarla eua gi ckbigiacth, ch fh kbartkrës.
 lhrklk, y aspuafk la kbarh. bhfhrklh gi vivir,   (af kzkerëc)
 y canrk ga asthy phciaclh

2.>. Papatibiò
ibiòcc la trk`kfacnu
nukks.
Ark uck k`uafk, viruafk, viruafk, Lhûk Lirinilk, Lërink,
Lërink, Lòrink
La pibh pibh tuafk, la phgphcark. \rhgpk pitëribk,
\iaca uchs nukctas la piaf la Lçrink
\acçk tras dijhs, virijh, virijh, [ua k Lhûk Lçrink, Lërink, Lòrink
La pibh, pibh, tijh la phgphcark. \rhgpk pitërink,
Fa viacac guy nrkclas.
Qch i`k k fk asbuafk, viruafk, viruafk,
La pibh, pibh tuafk, la phgphcark. Af burk la Kfbkûiz
K fks ckribas ffkgk ckriz,
Htrh fkvk`k bkbarhfks, virhfks, virhfks, Y af burk la Kfbkûibas
La pibh, pibh thfks, la phgphcarks. K fk ckriz ffkgk ckribas.
Y kquç sa kbk`ò af buacth, \a quiarh phrqua ga quiaras
Uiruacth, viruacth, viruacth, ¸quiaras qua ta quiark gës8
La pibh, pibh, tiacth la phgphcark. \a quiarh gës qua gks quiaras,
¸qué gks quiaras8 ¸[uiaras gës8
 

EHCAGK PP
FICNQHKFUAFKP-UI@PKC\A
FICNQHKFUAFKP-UI@PKC\A GÚF\I_FA
GÚF\I_FA-RHCHPK
-RHCHPK
RQ LAEAB\H: PH\KBIRGH
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.
I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.
 Pakfizkrë uck icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.

Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk lifktkclh fks kfks ckskfas. Patacbiòc laf kira. As
Aspirkbiòc
pirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk bhc fk `hbk k`iartk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk lifktkclh fks kfks ckskfas. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
I.0. Ajarbibihs la
la sshhpfh.

 \hgkrë kira phr fk ckriz a icefkrë fks gajiffks agitiaclh uc shpfh euarta.
 Rhpfkrë la fk gisgk ehrgk qua ac af ajarbibih kctarihr parh sh`ra su gkch.
 Bhfhbkrë
Bhfhbk rë trhbiths la pkpaf
pkpaf la salk sh`ra uck gask. Laspués la uck icspirkbiòc
icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk
prheuclk shpfkrë bhc euarzk
sh`ra affhs, dkbiaclh qua sa lisparsac.
 Acbaclarë uck vafk bhfhbklk k ;1 bg. \rks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk la`arë shpfkr y kpknkrfk. Ra kugactkrë
pkufktickgacta fk listkcbik pkrk kugactkr fk ictacsilkl laf shpfh.
 Acbaclarë lhs vafks bhfhbklk ac eifk, fk prigark k ;1 bg. y la`arë shpfkr trks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk pkrk kpknkr
fks lhs ffkgks. Ra irë kugactkclh ac cúgarh la vafks pkufktickgacta.
 Qtifizkrë uc gktksuanrks, shpfkclh sh`ra éf bhc euarzk pkrk axtaclarfh thtkfgacta, sic qua sa la`k gkctacar ac ask
phsibiòc.
 Icefkrë nfh`hs rakfizkclh shpfilhs euartas y bhcticuhs.

I.2. Ajarbibihs fhn

fhnhbicétibhs.
Facnuk euark Facnuk lactrh
Facnuk k`kjh Facnuk krri`k
Facnuk k fk larabdk Facnuk k fk izquiarlk
Facnuk astrabdk actra fhs fk`ihs Facnuk kcbdk actra fhs fk`ihs
Pafkgar fk`ih suparihr Pafkgar fk`ih icearihr
Ritukr fk puctk la fk facnuk ac fhs Ritukr fk puctk la fk facnuk ac fhs
Icbisivhs icearihras phr lafkcta Icbisivhs suparihras phr latrës
Pafkgar fhs liactas lakrri`k phr lafkcta Pafkgar fhs liactas la krri`k phr latrës
Pafkgar fhs liactas la k`kjh phr lafkcta Pafkgar fhs liactas la k`kjh phr latrës
Acskcbdkr fk facnuk actra fhs liactas Bhfhbkr fk facnuk ac af suafh la fk `hbk (raphsh)
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk k fks guafks Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk k fks guafks
suparihras larabdks suparihras izquiarlks
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk k fks guafks Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk k fks guafks
icearihras larabdks icearihras izquiarlks
Efagòc bhc facnuk k fk larabdk Efagòc bhc facnuk k fk izquiarlk
Ffavkr fk puctk la fk facnuk k fk bkgpkciffk Lasfizkr fk puctk la fk facnukphr
facn ukphr af pkfklkr
Bdksquakr fk facnuk _hsibiòc la raphsh
Bdksquakr fk facnuk rapatilkgacta.

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la ph
phsib
sibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òòrn
rnkc
kchs
hs ehc
ehchk
hkrt
rtib
ibuf
ufkt
kthr
hrih
ihs.
s.

 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbuactrkc sapkrklks. Fhs fk`ihs thgkc fk phsibiòc la fk vhbkf qua sinua k fk agisiòc laf ehcagk. Fk
facnuk sa situkrë kphyëclhsa af ëpiba ac fhs kfvéhfhs suparihras y bhc kfnuck euarzk fhs `hrlas fktarkfas sa kphykrëc ac fk
bkrk ictarck la fhs ghfkras suparihras, ehrgkclh ksç uck hbfusiòc thtkf. Fk facnuk sa situkrë ac thlh ghgacth kcbdk y pfkck.
II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..

_krk fk rakfizkbiòc la fhs sinuiactas ajarbibihs sarë cabaskrih af kpraclizkja pravih laf ehcagk /r/ h vi`rkcta sigpfa la fk agisiòc la
kfnúc siceòc laf gisgh ehcagk.
 Ra pkrtirë la fk agisiòc la fk vi`rkcta sigpfa /r/, dkbiéclhfk prhfhcnklk y bhc uck ictacsilkl la vhz `kjk. Lurkcta fk agisiòc
dkraghs kvkczkr fk gkclç`ufk icearihr dkbik lafkcta y prasihckclh finarkgacta sh`ra fks gajiffks sa ghvarëc fhs fk`ihs
inukfgacta dkbik lafkcta kprhxigëclhsa fk agisiòc kf shcilh / /.

Ra pkrtirë inukfgacta la fk phsibiòc tiph laf ehcagk /r/, agitiaclh krkrkrkrk...
krkrkrkrk... trks uck icspirkbiòc prheuclk. Ranuilkgacta
sa rakfizkrë af ajarbibih agitiaclh hrhrhrhrhrh..., urururururu..., ararararara..., iririririri....
 

 Ri af ciûh agita kfnúc siceòc la /r/ (/`r/, /pr/, /lr/, /tr/, /nr/, /br/, ) sa pkrtirë la ésta pkrk bhcsanuir af shcilh
prhfhcnkclh pkufktickgacta fk agisiòc la ésta::
Ajagpfh: tr, trr, trrr, trrrr.....

0.<. Aj
Ajaarbib
ibih
ihss bhgpfaga
agactk
ctkrih
ihss.
 Bhrrabtk phsibiòc la fhs `hrlas fktarkfas la fk facnuk:

- agisiòc prhfhcnklk la sssss...

- agisiòc prhfhcnklk la yyyyy...
- agisiòc prhfhcnklk la sarasarasarasara...
  yarayarayarayara...
  sirisirisirisirisirisi...
  yiriyiriyiriyiriyiriyi...
 Rkbkrë fk facnuk bhfhbëclhfk actra fhs fk`ihs y trks uck icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk axpufskrë af kira bhc euarzk
dkbiaclh vi`rkr facnuk y fk`ihs.
 Af tarkpautk prasihckrë
prasihckrë k bhcticukbiòc
bhcticukbiòc bhc af lalh çcliba af fk`ih suparihr,
suparihr, dkbiaclh qua vi`ra úcibkgacta
úcibkgacta fk puctk la fk
facnuk.
 Agitirë af ehcagk /r/ ac phsibiòc icvarsk, prhfhcnkclh libdk agisiòc: kr, krr, krrr, krrrr...
 Pakfizkrë
Pakfizkrë uck icspirkbiòc
icspirkbiòc prheuclk
prheuclk y bhfhbkrë
bhfhbkrë fk phsibiòc
phsibiòc tiph laf ehcagk /t/ prasihckclh
prasihckclh euartagacta
euartagacta bhc fk puctk la fk
facnuk sh`ra fk pkrta phstarihr la fhs icbisivhs suparihras la gkcark qua kf axpufskr af kira, sic agisiòc fkrçcnak, fk puctk la
fk facnuk vi`ra. K bhcticukbiòc sa rakfizkrë af gisgh ajarbibih bhc ehckbiòc, prhfhcnkclh bklk vaz gës fk vi`rkbiòc y
bhcsinuiaclh af shcilh / /: t, t, tr, trr, trr, trrr...
 Pakfizkrë shcilhs hchgkthpéyibhs:
- shcilh la uck ghth: `rrr, `rrr, `rrr, `rrr...
- shcilh la uc tig`ra: rrricn, ricn ...

II.2
II.2.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la ër
ërak
akss la parb
parbap
apbi
biòc
òc..
 Bhfhbkrë af tarkpautk uck tirk la pkpaf la 0 bg. la kcbdk phr ;? bg. llaa fkrnk, kprhxigklkgacta, `kjh fhs icbisivhs suparihras
lurkcta fk agisiòc laf ehcagk / /, parbi`iaclh af ciûh fk vi`rkbiòc laf pkpaf kf pksh laf kira. K bhcticukbiòc y trks fk prëbtibk
la fhs ajarbibihs la agisiòc kisfklk, fh rakfizkrë af ciûh.
 Bhfhbkrë fk pkfgk la fk gkch eracta k fk `hbk lurkcta fk agisiòc laf ehcagk / /, parbi`iaclh ksç fk skfilk laf kira phr af
bactrh la fk `hbk y k nhfpabiths. Fh rakfizkrë af tarkpautk ac prigar funkr.
 Bhfhbkrë fk gkch sh`ra af buaffh laf tarkpautk parbi`iaclh fk vi`rkbiòc la fks buarlks vhbkfas. K bhcticukbiòc fh rakfizkrë af
prhpih ciûh.
III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.
III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`ks.
s.

 _krtiaclh la fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk laf ehcagk /r/, sa kûklirëc fks vhbkfas ac af sinuiacta hrlac:
r...k, r...h, r...u, r...a, r...i.
 Papatirë fks sçfk`ks sic prhfhcnkbiòc laf ehcagk:
rk, rh, ru, ra, ri.

III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç
sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..

III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh.

  Pkrrk rkrrh rkrru rkrra rkrri
  Phrrk rhrrh rhrru rhrra rhrri
  Purrk rurrh rurru rurra rurri
  Parrk rarrh rarru rarra rarri
  Pirrk rirrh rirru rirra rirri

III.
III.00.0.
.0. Bh
Bhcc eehhcagk
cagkss llaf
af gi
gisg
sghh puc
pucth
th la krtib
rtibuufkb
fkbiò
iòc.
c.
  Pkck rkch rkcu rkca rkci Pkfk rkfh rkfu rkfa rkfi
  Phck rhch rhcu rhca rhci   Phfk rhfh rhfu rhfa rhfi
  Puck ruch rucu ruca ruci   Pufk rufh rufu rufa rufi
  Pack rach racu raca raci   Pafk rafh rafu rafa rafi
  Pick rich ricu rica rici   Pifk rifh rifu rifa rifi
 
 

Pkrk rkrh rkru rkra rkri

Phrk rhrh rhru rhra rhri
Purk rurh ruru rura ruri
Park rarh raru rara rari
Pirk rirh riru rira riri

III.
III.22. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la pk
pkfk
fk`r
`rksks..
III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

Pks Pktk Pktarh Phparh Push Padéc Pa`hta Pankfh Pah Pichbarhct
Pk`h Pktòc Phliffkzh Phpkja Puisaûhr Paich Pabklh Pankûh Pas a
Pklih Pkyk Phgarçk Phturk Pufatk Paick Pabafh Pafkth Patéc Pilçbufh
Pkif Pkyh Phskfalk Phtufh Putick Pajk Pabatk Pathûh Pçk riûhcatk
Pkil Pkzk Phtktivh Phliffark Pu`éhfk Pach Pabi`h Pakfazk Pibh Pisk
Pkjk Pkzòc Phzklurk Phgëcibh Pughr Pagh Palklk Pa`kcklk Piek Pi`ata
Pkgk Pkbigh Phf Pu`ç Pueiëc Pal Palhgk Pabkgkrk Pçh Piquazk
Pkgh Pëeknk Phsk Pulh Punilh Pa`k`k Paeunih Pabipiacta Piûòc Pisuaûh
Pkck Pkcbdarh Phûk Pualk Pulazk Pa`kjk Paeifòc Pabhvabh Pith
Pkcbdh Pkphsk Phûhsh Pufh Puilhsh Pa`kûh Panktk Pabdupata Pizh
Pksh Pkquatk Phsklh Putk Pabih Pa`abh Pankta raeicklh Pishtklk

III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Jkrrk \iarrk Gkbkrrk Bkrrh Nkrrhta Uarrunk @krrack Bkrratark @krrink
@krrk Nuarrk Rarrkcçk Ehrrh Gkbkrròc Nkrruffh Bhrrah Bhrrabkgi Bkrrith
@urrk Qrrkbk Bkrrkbuk Bhrrh Krrh`k Krruffh \arrach ch _krriffk
_krrk Bkrrkbk _arrh Ghrrh Krrhyh Gkrruffarh _arrark Bkrri @krriklk
_arrk Gkrrkch Nhrrh Ghrròc Bkrrhgkth Uirray Bkrrark @krrih Bkrribhbda
Girrk @krrkbk Jkrrh Bkrrhzk Krrunk Bhrrak Nuarrark @krrif
Riarrk Nuitkrrk Rkrrh @krrhbh Rarrubdh Bkrrata _alhrratk @krrilh
III.2.2. _hsibiòc eickf.

Gkr _kjkr Bkfkgkr Lhfhr Dalhr Bhgalhr Uar Bkar Gir

_kr _ickr Bhfhbkr _ulhr Gkyhr Nkcklhr Bhsar Kgkcabar Uacir
Fkr \afkr _hr Ukphr Rhphr Rur \acar Kchbdabar \aûir
Bkr Fknkr Ukfhr Rulhr Raûhr K`ur Bhgar Ir _alir
@kr Kzúbkr Bkfhr Hfhr \acalhr Rar Rk`ar Rir Uivir
III.2.<. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

Krta Fkrnh Krtarik Fhrbk _hrta Dhrtafkch Guarta Arcasth Ir

Krgk Rkrtéc Krgkrih Ghrsk Hrnuffh Rurbh _uartk _kfargh Irgk
Krbh Rkrck Krgklurk Rhrlh òrnkch Durth _uarth Dargkch Birbh
\krtk Krtistk Krsécibh Dhrch Dhrgink _arbdk Duarth Juarnk Girfh
Bkrtk Krbklk ktkrlabar Bhrbdh Dhrciffh Barbk K`iarth _arshck
Gkrtdk Krgklk Hrbk Bhrth Dhrtacsik Garbda Argitk Darghsk

III.
III.<<. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la erk
rksa
sas.
s.
III.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.
 Fk raick tiaca uc ruisaûhr  Pkquaf vih uc ra`abh ac af rçh
 Pagalihs sa rça bhc Phgah  Pkgòc ga rankfò uck rhsk rhjk
 Pkúf bhrra phr fk rutk  Fks rhlkjks la rapa astk`kc guy ribks
 Packth as ru`ih  Fhs ragarhs la astk ranktk la rëpilhs
 Asa ray as rush  Asta kûh iré k fk Phgarçk laf Phbçh
 Fk rkck su`iò k fk rkgk  Ac Phgk rabhchbç k uc kginh la Paus
 _ksé uc rkth bhc Phqua  Pagalihs ffavk uc rhpkja la rivatas rhsklhs
 

III.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.

 Asta parrh bhrra gubdh  Bhc af sarrubdh bhrté uck `krrk la diarrh
 Burrh tiaca krrunks y uck varrunk  Fk bkrrhzk i`k k fk bkrratark
 Dibighs uc bhrrh jucth k fk pkrrk  Ac fk `krrkbk bhgighs gkbkrrhcas y krrhz
 Af jkrròc tiaca girrk  Ask nuitkrrk suack bhgh uck bkrrkbk
 Fk `urrk bkyò kf `krrh  Fk urrkbk sa gatiò ac fk parrark
 Ac gi `krrih dibighs uc bhrrh  Asa tarrach astë ac fk sarrkcçk
 Euighs k fk siarrk ac bkrrh  Af bkrribhbda `kjk`k phr fk bkrratark
 Af virray tiaca gubdk `krrink
III.<.2. _hsibiòc eickf.

 Ac af gkr vç uc `krbh la vkphr  Fk buarlk sa bhrtò kf bkar

 Dkbçk bkfhr ac af `kr  Uhy k bhfhbkr af kzúbkr ac af krgkrih
 Iré dkbik af sur  Uighs k Arcasth ac asta bhgalhr
 ¸_ualh bhsar ac tu tafkr8  Af nkcklhr su`iò bhc hrnuffh kf phliug
 Fk bkffa gkyhr astë kf `kjkr  Dhy vhy k bhgar bhc bubdkrk y tacalhr
 Af saûhr tacçk uc lhfhr euarta  Fk hrbk sa bhgiò uc achrga bkfkgkr
 Bkrgac as uck krtistk  Ac fk argitk vi k tu dargkch su`ir kf bkgpkckrih
 Af dhrch krla bhc bkr`òc.

III.
III.11. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la vars
varshs
hs..

Kcthcih, rathcih, fk fk-rh-rh,fk fk-rh-rh Kbaitark, vicknrark,

Bkgisk rkjë, luarga, ciûh bdibh, Pks bhc rks, Krra `hrriquith,
Af parrh lafkcta, bhgh uc baphrrh. Kgknkr y ch lkr. Krra `urrh krra
Y af nkth latrës. Lkr sic tagar, Krra rkpilith
Ksarrçc,,ksarrëc,Fhs Lkr sic dk`fkr, [ua ffankghs tkrla
Rkctkrròc, skctkrròc gklarhs Qc paffizquith
Af qua rh`k, as uc fklròc La skc Jukc Y abdkr k vhfkr.
.

III.
III.5.
5. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la kl
kliv
ivic
ickc
kczk
zks.
s.
Palhclh, ralhclh,
@krrif sic ehclh.
(af kciffh)
III.
III.>.
>. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la trk`
trk`kf
kfac
acnu
nuks
ks..
Arra bhc arra binkrrh, Fhs rk`hs tiacac parratas. Af parrh la Rkc Phqua,
Arra bhc arra `krrif, Ch tiaca rk`h,
[ua rëpilh bhrrac fhs bkrrhs Pkgòc dizh uc rkgh la rkghs, _hrqua Pkgòc Pkgçraz,
Ffavkclh af kzúbkr _arh af rkgh la rkgks la Pkgòc, Ra fh dk rh`klh.
Laf earrhbkrrif. \acçk gachs rkgks ac af rkgh,
Arra bhc arra nuitkrrk, [ua af rkgh la rkghs la fk tçk la _hr fk bkffa la bkrratks,
Arra bhc arra `krrif, Pkgòc. _ksk`k uc parrith,
Arra bhc arra fk rualk, Puicks rhac fhs rhalhras, _ksò uck bkrratk,
Fk rualk laf earrhbkrrif. Phalhras qua bhrrac y bhrrhac, Fa piffò af rk`ith,
Pk`hs y rk`atas Ri bhrrhac y rhac fhs rhalhras, _h`ra parrith,
\iacac parrhs y parratas, Fhs rhalhras fks ruicks rhac. Bògh ffhrk`k,
Fhs parrhs tiac rk`atas _hr su rk`ith.
 

EHCAGK R
FICNQHKFUAFKP-EPIBK\IUK-RHPLK
RQ LAEAB\H: RINGK\IRGH.
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.

I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.


Icspirkbiòc
Icspirkbiòc ckskf
ckskf factk
factk,ylifktkclh
prheuclk.fksPatacbiòc laf kira.
kfks ckskfas. Aspirkbiòc
Patacbiò
Patacbiòc `ubkf
c laf kira. factk y bhcticuk.
Aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk y bhcticuk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk
fact k y prheuclk.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf shpfkclh sic icefkr fks gajiffks.
I.0. Ajarbibihs la
la sshhpfh.
 Bhfhbkr uc kfnhlòc paquaûh k uchs ;? bg. la fk `hbk laf ciûh. Asta shpfkrë laspfkzkclh af kfnhlòc bhc uc shpfilh, sukva y
bhcticuh.
 Bhfhbkr uck vafk k uchs ;1 bg. la
l a fk `hbk laf ciûh. Asta shpfkrë trks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk, dkbiaclh hsbifkr fk ffkgk
sic ffankr k kpknkrfk. Kugactkr fk listkcbik pkufktickgacta.

I.2. Ajarbibihs fhn

fhnhbicétibhs.

Ghrrh Rhcrisk
@hbk k`iartk @hbk barrklk
Acsaûkr fhs fk`ihs Asbhclarfhs
phr lactrh
Acsaûkr
Acsaûkr fhs
fhs liactas
liactas jucths Asbhclarfhs
Acsaûkr fhs liactas la
la fk larabdk fk izquiarlk
Facnuk astrabdk Facnuk kcbdk
actra fhs fk`ihs actra fhs liactas
Facnuk astrabdk ac Facnuk kcbdk ac af
af suafh la fk `hbk suafh la fk `hbk
_uctk la fk facnuk ac _uctk la fk facnuk ac
fhs icbisivhs la krri`k fhs icbisivhs la krri`k
phr lafkcta phr latrës
Pafkgar af fk`ih suparihr Pafkgar af fk`ih icearihr
bhc af kpax ficnukf bhc af kpax ficnukf
Pafkgar fhs fk`ihs icbisivhs Pafkgar fhs icbisivhs
suparihras icearihras.
II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.
II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la ph
phsib
sibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òòrn
rnkc
kchs
hs ehc
ehchk
hkrt
rtib
ibuf
ufkt
kthr
hrih
ihs.
s.

 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbhctrkrëc finarkgacta sapkrklks. Fhs fk`ihs actrak`iarths, bhc fks bhgisurks finarkgacta
dkbik fhs fktarkfas. Af ëpiba ficnukf sa kphykrë ac af bactrh la fhs kfvéhfhs icearihras. Rus `hrlas fktarkfas sa kphykrëc
finarkgacta ac fhs ghfkras suparihras.
II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..

 Ra pkrtirë laf shcilh kuxifikr /y/ y k pkrtir la uck prhfhcnkbiòc la ésta, bhfhbkrë fk phsibiòc klabuklk y agitirë /s/:
 y................s.
 Ra pkrtirë laf shcilh /bd/. /bd/. _rhfhcnk
_rhfhcnkrë
rë su agisiòc, fh qua dkrë qua sa bhcvia
bhcviartk
rtk ac uc ehcagk eribktivh, lajkclh
lajkclh gkyhr
sapkrkbiòc actra fk puctk la fk facnuk y fhs kfvéhfhs bhc fh qua sa kfbkczkrë fk phsibiòc tiph y agisiòc laf ehcagk /s/.
 Pakfizkrë ajarbibihs bhc shcilhs hchgkthpéyibhs:
  - shcilh la asthrculh: ‖ktbdis‗.
- shcilh la sifacbih: (kbhgpkûklh la gçgibk)

0.2. Ajarbibih la ëraks la parbapbiòc.

 Bhfhbkrë su gkch ac phsibiòc dhrizhctkf, `kjh fk `hbk laf tarkpautk lurkcta fk agisiòc laf ehcagk /s/, chtkclh fk skfilk la

kira. K bhcticukbiòc
Agitirë fh rakfizkrë
af ehcagk eracta bhc acbaclilk
k uck vafk su prhpik agisiòc laf ehcagk.
y bhgprh`krë af ghvigiacth la fk ffkgk.
 H`sarvkrë fk phsibiòc tiph kcta uc aspajh.
 

III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.
2.;. Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks.

 _krtiaclh la fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk laf ehcagk /s/ sa kûklirëc fks vhbkfas ac af sinuiacta hrlac:
  s...k, s...h, s...u, s...a, s...i.
 Papatirë fks sçfk`ks sic prhfhcnkbiòc laf ehcagk:
  Rk, sh, su, sa, si.

2.0. Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks bhg`icklks.

2.0.;. Bhc af ehcagk trktklh.
Rksk sksh sksu sksa sksi
Rhsk shsh shsu shsa shsi
Rusk sush susu susa susi
Rask sash sasu sasa sasi
Risk sish sisu sisa sisi
2.2. Papatibiòc la pkfk`rks.

2.2.;. _hsibiòc icibikf.

Rkf
Rkc Rkturch Rh`òc Ruyh Rubash Raûhrk Rigòc
Rknk Rkfilk Rhfkr Ruizh Ral Rabuafk Rirack
Rkfk
Rkph Rkfkrih
Rëtirh Ròfilh
Rh`kbh Ruafh
Ruafk Rar
Ratk Ragkck
Rabkch Rif`h
Riata
Rkbh Rkfulh Rhcilh Ruabh Rala Ranurh Rçfk`k
Rkch Rkfarh Rhehbh Rukva Raûhr Racklh Rirhbh
Rkuba Rhf Rhtkck Rulk Raffh Ranhvikch Rifuatk
Rk`ih Rhnk Rhbhrrh Ruaûh Ralk Ranuiliffk Ribifik
Rkfth Rheë Rhpark Rubih Rafvk Ri Rif`kth
Rkcth Rhsh Rhfkpk Rupar Rach Rir Rifacbih
Rkfgòc Rhfh Rhcath Ruturk Rapik Ric Ricòcigh
Rk`hr Rhpk Ròtkch Ruskck Ra`h Rifh Ricknhnk
Rk`kck Rhtk Ru Ru`kstk Rabh Riffk
Rkfklh Rhjk Ru`h Rugklh Rankr Rigih
Rë`klh Rhlih Rur Ru`ilk Rabklhr Rieòc
Rktkcës Rhbih Rus Rujath Ranuclh Riffòc
Rkclçk Rhûkr Rugk Rusurrh Ragiffk Ritih

2.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Bksk Fhsk Fish _kyksh Gasurk Bksiffk
Gask Ksklh Ehsh Rubash Rasulh @hfsiffh
Pisk _isklk [uash Pashrta Fhsatk Uksijk
Nksk Bksklh Uksh Ksbacsh Gasatk Uisitk
_ksk Nuisklk _ash \ashrh _ksah Gasitk
Gisk Bkgisk @ash Nkshfick _asatk Gasibk
Fisk _ksklhr Rhsh @ksurk Gksark Gasiffk
Risk _asklh _hsh Racsukf Bksubk Gksiffk
Bhsk Bksh _ish Fisurk Bksatk
_isk Hsh Duash @asunh [uasark
Risk Rkcsòc _ishtòc Bksukf Uisark

2.2.2. _hsibiòc eickf.

Ks Rkcks \hs Gachs _us

Fks Pajks Lhs Hjhs Gus
Gks
Nks Kfks
_asatks Fhs
Ehths Gkchs
Lihs @us
\us
Mks \ijarks @hfhs Kginhs Kuth`ús
 

Kbupk-bdus Kctas Krnhcés _is Rictaxis

Gas _abas Gifkcas Kcçs Kcëfisis
\as Krcés Ukbkbihcas _krçs _krëfisis
Fas Asbhbés Gis _krbdçs

2.2.<. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

Bkspk Bhstk Justh _asta Lisbh

Uksbk
Bksbh Ghsbk
@hsqua Rusth
@usth Aspajh
Aseark Ksistir
Gistarih
Kstk \hsbk Nusth Astulih Gçstibh
Ksbh Hsfh Justibik Asbh`k Disthrik
@kstk Hsburh Pústibh Astuek Lisbursh
@kstòc Rhspabdk Justich Asbulh Listicth
Ukstk Eòsehrh Lisnusth Lasculh Lispkrh
Ksch Ghsquith Kjusth Astariffk Bistarck
_kstk Bhstiffk Ksusth _isth
_kstiffk Ghsquatòc Asth Fisth
Bkstkûk Bhsquiffks Bhstk Pisbh
Kstiffk Ghsquatarh Nasth Uisth

2.<. Papatibiòc la erksas.

2.<.;. _hsibiòc icibikf.

 

 Rkrk su`a
Fk shpk kf saxth
sinua astkclh skfklk  Rarnih y yhy galik
K fks sais chs qualkghs shfhs
skfiò af shf
 Ru`iò la uc skfth kf sheë  Fk sugk ark sacbiffk
 Fk siffk sirva pkrk sactkrsa  Ac fk skfk dk`çk saûhras bhc shg`rarh
 Ac af sifacbih la fk chbda sa hya uc skph  Rulé gubdh kf skfir la fk skuck

2.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.

 Ruskck y Fisk skfiarhc la pksah  Kf skfir la bksk Phsk ga lih uc `ash
 Ga trkjh fk bkgisk ac uck `hfsk  Ac fk gask lajé fks bhsks la bhsar
 Bksi su`ç kf saxth pish  Abdkghs nkshfick ac af saisbiacths
 Ac gi `hfsiffh ffavh lhs pasatks  Ga lkc gubdk risk fhs pkykshs
 Lajé fk `hfsk la `ksurk ac af pksiffh  Fks bhsks shc bhgh tu piacsks
2.<.2. _hsibiòc icvarsk.
 Ga vhy la vkbkbihcas k _krçk  Gis kginhs bhctkrhc gubdhs bdistas
 Af pasbklh ga bhstò gif pasatks  Fk pkstk la fks rhsquiffks astë fistk
 

 Astks nkeks
¸Lòcla astkga qualkclanrkclas
fk bastk fhs duavhs8  Fëvktadky
Kdhrk fhs liactas laspués
gës ghsbks la fks bhgilks
qua kctas
 Bhnç efhras ac af `hsqua

2.1. Papatibiòc la varshs.

2.1.;. _hsibiòc icibikf y galik.
_ksh, pksh,
[ua gkûkck ga bksh, Fa vkghs k asparkr, Y fas bhrtkc af pasbuazh. La chnkf,
Bhc uc pkyksh, Ri ch skfa k fk suyk, Rulk, sulk,
Uastilh la rksh. Rkflrë k fks lagës. [uiéc eua k Raviffk, _ktk gufk,
parliò su siffk, \ú sulkr,
Rkck, skck, Ksarrçc, ksarrëc, [uiéc sa eua k Ghròc, Yh sif`kr
Bhfitk la rkck, Gklariths la Rkc Jukc, _arliò su siffòc. Rulk, sulk,
Ri ch skcks dhy, _ilac pkc, ch fas lkc, _ktk gufk,
Rkckrës gkûkck. Rkf, skf, \u sif`kr,
_ilac quash y fas lkc uc _ith, skf, Yh sulkr.
[ua skfnk, qua skfnk, duash, La fk thrra,
 

2.1.0. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

Qc ciûh sa vk k lhrgir, Ffhribk sarës. Af icnfés skbò su aspkflk

Bhc fhs hjiths barrklhs Raxtk `kffastk, Y gktò k vaictitrés.
Bhgh luargac fhs jifnuarhs Gkrtçc la fk Buastk,
Acbigk la fhs tajklhs. \acçk uc `uay qua sk`çk krkr, Bicbh fh`iths
[ua sç, qua ch, qua ac éstk astë. \iaca fk fh`k
Ffhribk, gkctafas, [ua fhs asbhcla
Qc bukrth ga la`as, Qck vaz euighs tras, Latrës la fk asbh`k.
Ri ch ga fh lks, Kf pkfkbih laf icnfés,

2.5 Papatibiòc la Klivickczks.

2.5.;. _hsibiòc icibikf y galik.

Qck saûhrk, Qck saûhritk

Guy ksaûhrklk ¸Buëf as fk bhsk qua guy ksaûhrklk
Ru`a kf trac, acbigk la thlh sa phsk8 qua siagpra vk ac bhbda
Y ch pknk cklk   ( af pacskgiacth)  y siagpra vk ghjklk.
  ( fk ghsbk)   (fk facnuk)

2.5.0. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

Lhs thrras kftks, Ri fk tiacas, fk `usbks, Lhs bhgpkûarks

Bhc lhs girklhras,  y si ch fk tiacas, vkc kf bhgpës,
YQcbuktrh
quitkghsbks
kclklhras ci fk `usbks,
quiaras.  ybhc
fhsfhs piaslatrës.
hjhs lafkcta,
  (fk vkbk)   (fk pufnk)   (fks tijarks)

2.> Papatibiòc llaa tr

trk`kfacnuks.

2.>.;. _hsibiòc icibikf y galik.

Ri biac siarrks ksarrëc Rhy sic sar,
 biac biprasas Rar sic shy,
5?? siarrks ksarrëc Ri shy uc sar,
5?? biprasas. Ric sar shy.

Rkfa skf la fks skficks Rigih y sigik as uc sçgif

Rkficks qua lkc fk skf Rçgif as sigifkr k sigifitul,
Ri skfkghs ac fks skficks Rigifitul actra sigih y sigik
Rkfighs skfklhs la skf. As uck sigifitul sigifkr k sçgif

2.>.0. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

Astk`k fk bk`rk, bk`rktis, Laf nkfnkrrkcktis.
Ru`ilk k fk paûk, paûktis, _hrqua dhy as viarcas, viarcktis,
Uich af fh`h, fh`ktis, Y ch sa puala bhgar bkrca, bkrcktis,
Y fa lijh k fk bk`rk, bk`rktis, @kjh fk bk`rk, bk`rktis,
Bk`rk, bk`rktis, La fk paûk, paûktis,
@kjk `kjktis, Y af fh`h, fh`ktis,
La fk paûk, paûktis. Fk knkrrò laf nkrnkrrkcktis,
Ch kginh fh`ktis, Kginh fh`ktis,
[ua si `kjh, `kjktis, ¸Ch labçks qua dhy ark Uiarcas, viarcktis,
Ga knkrrks, knkrrktis,  y ch sa puala bhgar bkrca, bkrcktis8
Laf nkfnkrrkcktis, Bk`rk, bk`rktis,
Bk`rk, bk`rktis, K cababitktis,
Ch vhy k knkrrkrta, Ch dky pabktis.
 

EHCAGK \
FICNQHLAC\KF-HBFQRIUK-RHPLK
RQ LAEAB\H: LAF\KBIRGH.
I. PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HRR _K
_KPK
PK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.

I.;. Ajarbibihs rraaspirkthrihs.


Icspirkbiòc
Icspirkbiòc ckskf
ckskf factk
factk yy prheuclk.
prheuclk. Patacbiòc
Patacbiòc laf
laf kira
kira.ac fhs pufghcas
Aspirkbiòc `ubkf2ac
sanuclhs. Aspirkbiòc
2 h < tiagphs dkstk`ubkf euarta
knhtkr y rëpilk.
af kira.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf rëpilk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf rëpilk y bhcticuk.
I.0. Ajarbibihs la
la sshhpfh.
 \hgkrë uck `hfitk la kfnhlòc y trks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk shpfkrë euartagacta sh`ra éf.
 Bhfhbkrë uck vafk acbaclilk k ;1 bg. La fk `hbk laf ciûh. Rhpfkrë bhc euarzk y kpknkrë fk ffkgk. Irë kugactkclh fk listkcbik
prhnrasivkgacta.
I.2. Ajarbibihs fhn
fhnhbicétibhs.

Ghrrh Rhcrisk
Facnuk keuark Facnuk klactrh
Facnuk k`kjh Facnuk krri`k
Facnuk k fk larabdk Facnuk k fk izquiarlk
Facnuk astrabdk Facnuk kcbdk
Bhfhbkr fk puctk la fk Bhfhbkr fk puctk la
facnuk
icbisivhsacphr
fhs lafkcta fk facnuk phr
icbisivhs ac fhs
latrës.

II. BHPPABBIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

II.;
II.;.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la ph
phsib
sibiò
iòcc la fhs
fhs òòrn
rnkc
kchs
hs ehc
ehchk
hkrt
rtib
ibuf
ufkt
kthr
hrih
ihs.
s.

 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbhctrkrëc finarkgacta sapkrklks y fhs fk`ihs actra k`iarths. Fk puctk la fk facnuk kphykrë ac fk
bkrk phstarihr la fhs icbisivhs suparihras y fhs `hrlas fktarkfas ac fks krbklks lactkriks. \hbkrë fhs `hrlas ficnukfas.
 Ghrlarë fk facnuk bhc fhs liactas la gkcark qua sa vakc fhs `hrlas fktarkfas y fk puctk la fk facnuk. _rhnrasivkgacta irë
lasfizkclh éstk phr fhs `hrlas la fhs liactas dkstk bhcsanuir fk phsibiòc klabuklk.
 Bhfhbkrë fk puctk la fk facnuk latrës la fhs icbisivhs suparihras y prasihckrë fks gajiffks pkrk ekvhrabar fk bhfhbkbiòc fktarkf
la fk facnuk.
II.0
II.0.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la
la agi
agisi
siòc
òc ki
kisf
sfkl
klkk laf
laf eh
ehca
cagk
gk..
 Ra pkrtirë laf shcilh /l/. Agitirë bhc vhz susurrklk: lk, lk, lk, lk…. H`taciaclh af shcilh /t/.

Bhfhbkrë fksicpuctk
klabuklk, lajkrlalafkagitir
facnukaf actra
shcilh.fhs icbisivhs y agitirë /t/. Irë ratrkskclh fk phsibiòc la fk facnuk dkstk qua sak fk
 Bhfhbkrë fk puctk la fk facnuk ac fk bkrk ictarihr la fhs icbisivhs suparihras y agitirë /t/ prasihckclh fks gajiffks bhctrk fks
krbklks lactkriks..
 Ra prasihckrë bhc uc laprashr sh`ra fk puctk la fk facnuk y bukclh bhcsink fk phsibiòc klabuklk agitirë af ehcagk /t/.
II.2
II.2.. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la ër
ërak
akss la parb
parbap
apbi
biòc
òc..
 Agitirë af shcilh /l/ y bhc fk gkch ac fk pkrta kctarihr laf buaffh chtkrë fk vi`rkbiòc la fks buarlks vhbkfas. K bhcticukbiòc
agitirë af tarkpautk af shcilh /t/ y chtkrë af ciûh fk kusacbik la vi`rkbiòc fkrçcnak. K bhcticukbiòc agitirë éf af ehcagk bhc fk
gkch ac su buaffh.
 Agitirë af shcilh /l/ shpfkclh sh`ra fk pkfgk la fk gkch y agitirë laspués /t/ la fk gisgk gkcark, h`sarvkclh fk liearacbik
la skfilk laf kira ac uch y htrh shcilh. Pakfizkrë af tarkpautk af ajarbibih y phstarihrgacta fh rakfizkrë af ciûh.
 Lafkcta la uck vafk acbaclilk agitirë rapatilks vabas af shcilh /t/ h`sarvkclh af ghvigiacth `rusbh la fk ffkgk.

III.
III. IC
IC\P
\PHL
HLQB
QBBI
BIÒC
ÒC L
LAF
AF EH
EHCA
CAGK
GK AC AAFF FFAC
ACNQ
NQKJ
KJAA PA_
PA_A\
A\IL
ILH.
H.

III.
III.;.
;. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la sçfk
çfk`k
`ks.
s.
  \k, th, tu, ta, ti.
 

III.
III.0.
0. Papa
Papatib
tibiòc
iòc la sç
sçfk
fk`k
`kss bh
bhg`
g`ic
ickl
klks
ks..

III.0.;. Bhc aaff eehhcagk ttrrktklh:

  \ktk tkth tktu tkta tkti

  \htk thth thtu thta thti
  \utk tuth tutu tuta tuti
  \atk tath tatu tata tati
  \itk tith titu tita titi

III.
III.00.0.
.0. Bh
Bhcc eehhcagk
cagkss llaf
af gi
gisg
sghh puc
pucth
th la krtib
rtibuufkb
fkbiò
iòc.
c.
  \klk tklh tklu tkla tkli
  \hlk thlh thlu thla thli
  \ulk tulh tulu tula tuli
  \alk talh talu tala tali
  \ilk tilh tilu tila tili

III.
III.22. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la pk
pkfk
fk`r
`rks
ks..
III.2.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

\kf \kpkbu`h \h`iffh \uch \ajk \ifk

\kc \kpklark \h`hnëc \úcaf \ajh \iqua
\kpk \hcafklk \hbich \uffilh \ajilh \ieòc
\kffh \hs \hcklk \ufipëc \ackzk \iash
\kfòc \hnk \òcibh \úcibk \ajkch \iaclk
\kffk
\kffar \hbk
\hch \u
\us \u`arçk
\a \aféehch
\afkrkûk \ijark
\ihvivh
\kzk \hpa \uf \ak \i \i`uròc
\kpik \hqua \ueh \as \ib \itufh
\kquiffk \hlh \uck \ac \iph
\kpata \hjk \uyh \afk \çk
\kriek \hgk \u`k \abdh \ick
\kgkûh \hbklh \upa \afa \igh

III.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Jhtk Ròtkch Cath _ktubh \utafk _itilh

Cktk @ktktk Ghta Ckturkf \hgkta _ktiffk
_ktk Gufktk Hthûh Rkturch \çtara Chtibik
@htk Gkfatk K`ath \hrtunk _atkta @htijh
Fktk Bktkfajh _kfath Ruarta Bkrtark Cktivh
Nhtk _ith Ghtivh \uta Fhtarçk Nktiffh
Ratk
Kfatk Nkth
\ith Géthlh
\irithck _kté
@hta @ktçc
Ritih Gkrtiffh
Rhrtijk
_ktktk _ath Ktúc Eifata _ktçc \hrtiffk
\hbktk Gith _itueh Junuata Gitçc _kticata
\iritk Ghth _atucik _atata _ktih Uktibkch

III.
III.<<. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la erk
rksa
sas.
s.
III.<.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

 \acnh uck tickjk bhc tkpk  \hgk tòcibh la gi tkzk

 K fk tçk \utk fa nustk af tihvivh  Asa ti`uròc thgk uck thcafklk
 Ga thrbç af th`iffh ac af th`hnëc  Bhgpré fhs tibmats ac fk tkquiffk
 Af thgkta la gi tçk tiaca tkpihbk  Ga nustk af tçtufh la tu ta`ah
 Af tkffh laf tufipëc ffank kf tajklh  Ac af túcaf dk`çk uck tafkrkûk
 Af thph sa gatiò ac af túcaf
 

III.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.

 @kifé uck jhtk bhc Jkiga  Asta pitueh bhga phtkja la pktktk
 Gatç fk gkfatk ac af sòtkch  Bktkfick sa bhga af `hbklh la ktúc
 Dky uc k`ath ac af pktih  Ch sé af ghtivh la tu visitk
 _atata juank bhc su pkticata  Fa li knuk laf `htijh kf cktivh
 Ac hthûh brabac fks satks  \ick juank bhc fk pafhtk y fhs pkticas


III.
III.11. Pap
Papatib
atibiò
iòcc la vars
varshs
hs..
Gkriquitk la Lihs Qc nkth sa bkyò k uc phzh,
Buéctkga fhs lalhs Fks tripks dibiarhc nuë,
Y vata bhc Lihs. Krra ghth piti, phth
Krra ghth piti, tk.
Kbusatk, bkrk la pasatk, \hc, thc,
Y ckriz la asbhpatk. \hbklark, tuc,
Luérgata fuanh,
[ua viaca af rktòc.

III.
III.5.
5. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la kl
kliv
ivic
ickc
kczk
zks.
s.
\a linh y ta rapith Dk`itk, dk`itk, Ac kfth viva, Yh tacnh uck tçk,
[ua si ch kticks ac af bkgph dk`itk ac kfth ghrk, gi tçk dargkck,
Ch vkfas uc pith.  y siagpra dk`itk. ac kfth taja,  y ch as tçk gçk.
  (af té)   (af dk`k)  fk tajalhrk
(fk krkûk)   (fk gklra)

III.
III.>.
>. Papa
Papati
tibi
biòc
òc la trk`
trk`kf
kfac
acnu
nuks
ks..

\uvh uc tu`h ac fk tu`arçk, _hrqua si ta lhté bhc gi lhta

\u`h qua tuva yh, Eua phr lkrta af lhta y lhtkrta.

_uas si du`iasa tacilh asa tu`h, \kbk, tkbk, tkbk,

Qc tu`h tuviasa kdhrk yh. \kbk, tkbk, tú,
\hbk, thbk, thbk,
\acnh uc kginh, uc kginuata, \hbk, thbk, tú.
Ac thlh astë, ac thlh sa gata,
Y sic labirga cklk, bhc su lalata, \hlh astë bhctkgicklh,
Uk y ga rhgpa af pkquata. \hlh bhctkgicklh astë,
Af lasbhctkgicklhr
\a lhté y ta li af lhta, [ua fh lasbhctkgica
Lhta qua quisa lkrta af lhtkrta, @uac lasbhctkgicklhr sarë.

EHCAGK Z
FICNQHLAC\KF-EPIB\IUK-RHPLK
RQ LAEAB\H: RARAH
I- PA
PA[
[QIRI
QIRI\H
\HR
R _K
_KPK FK BH
BHPP
PPAB
AB\K
\K AGIR
AGIRIÒ
IÒC
C LAF
LAF EHC
HCAG
AGK.
K.
;.;. Ajarbibihs raspirkthrihs.
 Icspirkbiòc ckskf factk y prheuclk. Patacbiòc laf kira 0 h 2 sanuclhs. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk y sukva.
 Icspirkbiòc phr hrieibih ckskf larabdh. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk.
 Icspirkbiòc phr hrieibih ckskf izquiarlh. Patacbiòc laf kira. Aspirkbiòc `ubkf factk.

;.0. Ajarbibihs la shpfh.

 Qtifizkrë uck pafhtk la picn-phcn bhfhbklk k 0? bg. La uck phrtarçk la junuata. Rhpfkrë la ehrgk sukva y bhcticuk sh`ra
kquaffk, dkbiaclh qua sa ictrhluzbk bhc uc shfh shpfilh ac fk phrtarçk. Ra ranufkrë fk listkcbik ac eucbiòc k fk bkpkbilkl

raspirkthrik
Ra utifizkrë laf
uc ciûh.
ghficiffh la viacth, qua, trks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk, af ciûh dkrë nirkr bhc uc shpfilh facth y
bhcticuh.
 

 Ra bhfhbkrë uck vafk k ;1 bg. la fk `hbk laf ciûh. Asta shpfkrë dkbiaclh hsbifkr fk ffkgk sic kpknkrfk. Ra kugactkrë dkstk 0?
bg. bhgh gëxigk.
;.2. Ajarbibihs ffhhnhbicétibhs.

Facnuk euark Facnuk lactrh

Facnuk astrabdk Facnuk kcbdk
Ritukr fk puctk la fk Ritukr fk puctk la fk
facnuk ac fhs liactas facnuk ac fhs liactas
la krri`k
Ritukr phr lafkcta
fk puctk la fk la krri`k
Ritukr phr latrës
fk puctk la fk
facnuk ac fhs liactas facnuk ac fhs liactas
la k`kjh phr lafkcta la k`kjh phr latrës
Pafkgar fhs liactas la Pafkgar fhs liactas la
krri`k phr latrës krri`k phr latrës
Pafkgar fhs liactas la Pafkgar fhs liactas la
k`kjh phr lafkcta k`kjh phr latrës

II.BHPPABIHC LA KF\APKBIHCAR.

0.;. Ajarbibihs la phsibiòc la fhs òrnkchs ehchkrtibufkthrihs.

 Fks krbklks lactkriks sa acbhctrkrëc sapkrklks, kf inukf qua fhs fk`ihs, qua klagës astëc klafkctklhs. Fk puctk la fk facnuk
sa situkrë actra fhs icbisivhs suparihras a icearihras sic qua axistk gubdk tacsiòc ficnukf y lajkclh uc hrieibih actra kquaffk y
fhs icbisivhs suparihras.

0.0. Ajarbibihs la agisiòc kisfklk laf ehcagk.

 Agitirë af shcilh /l/ y klafkctkrë fk puctk la fk facnuk. Ac astk phsibiòc sa sustituirë fk agisiòc fkrçcnak bhc uc shpfilh,
h`taciéclhsa /z/.
 Bhfhbkrë fhs òrnkchs krtibufkthrihs ac fk phsibiòc klabuklk y trks uck icspirkbiòc ckskf rakfizkrë uck aspirkbiòc `ubkf sukva y
factk, agitiaclh vhz y prhlubiaclh af shcilh /z/.
 Agitirë af shcilh la uc k`kjhrrh: zzzzzzzzzz…

0.2. Ajarbibihs la ëraks la parbapbiòc.

 Bhfhbkrë fk gkch eracta k fk `hbk laf tarkpautk lurkcta fk agisiòc laf ehcagk, chtkclh fk skfilk laf kira, k bhcticukbiòc fh
rakfizkrë bhc su prhpik agisiòc.
 Bhfhbkrë fk gkch ac af buaffh laf tarkpautk pkrk h`sarvkr tëbtifgacta fk kusacbik la vi`rkbiòc fkrçcnak lurkcta fk agisiòc
la /z/. _hstarihrgacta rakfizkrë af ajarbibih bhc su prhpik agisiòc.
 H`sarvkrë fk phsibiòc klabuklk kcta uc aspajh, bfkrkgacta visi`fa.
III.IC\PHLQBBIÒC LAF EHCAGK AC AF FACNQKJA PA_A\ILH.

2.;. Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks.

 _krtiaclh la fk agisiòc prhfhcnklk laf ehcagk /z/ sa kûklirëc fks vhbkfas ac af sinuiacta hrlac:
  z…k, z…h, z…u, b…a, b…i.
 Papatirë fks sçfk`ks sic prhfhcnkbiòc laf ehcagk:
  Zk, zh, zu, ba, bi.
2.0. Papatibiòc la sçfk`ks bhg`icklks.
  Zkzk zkzh zkzu zkba zkbi
  Zhzk zhzh zhzu zhba zhbi
  Zuzk zuzh zuzu zuba zubi
  Bazk bazh bazu baba babi
  Bizk bizh bizu biba bibi
 

2.2. Papatibiòc la pkfk`rks.

2.2.;. _hsibiòc icibikf.

Zks Zkckdhrik Zhh Back Zis Bivif Bizkûk

Zkr Zkg`hg`k Zhck Baûh Biac Bçnkfk Binkrrh
Zknk Zkcbkliffk Zhrrh Baph Bik Binkrrk Binöaûk
Zkcjk Zkpktarh Zhbh Bark Zipi Bafasta Bigiacth
Zkcbh Zufú Zhquata Barbk Bica Bagacth Bicbuactk
Zkrpk
Zkrzk Zug`k
Zuabh Zhlikbh
Zòbkfh Barlh
Bautk Bianh
Biafh Bacizk
Bactaffk Bicagk
Bçcibh
Zkpa Zugh Zhhfònibh Bastk Biarvh Bacturiòc Bicturòc
Zkeirh Zurlh Ba Barëgibk Bigk Bagactarh Bçrbufh
Zkpkth Zurròc Zatk Ba`klk Bicbh Bafufhsk Biruafk
Zknkfk Zug`ilh Ba`h Ba`hffk Bictk Bacibiactk
Zkghrk Zurith Bajk Béfufk Birbh Bacticafk
Zkrknhzk Zurbilh Bafh Zicb Biulkl Birujkch

2.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.

Bkzk Bhrtazk @uzòc Kczuafh Bkfbatçc Fkbith

\izk Gkfazk Kzhtak Kzuback Kfgkbéc Dhbibh
Ghzk Barvazk Kzhta Bkzuafk Pabatk Phbçh
\kzk Zkrknhzk _asbuazh Zkrzuafk Bacbarrh Ukbçh
Fhzk Bkzklhr Zkg`hg`kzh Ghzuafk Lhback Bkpkbilkl
Pazk Zkghrk Bhlkzh Lhba Bacibarh Knitkbiòc
_iczk
Pkzk Bkzh
Ghzh Bhpkzh
Kzuf Nhba
_abas Fkpibarh
Fubarh Cucbih
Kcucbih
Bk`azk @uzh Nkczúk Cuabas Rubih Kgkcbih
Fabduzk Pizh Kzufajh Phba Fubih
Gkczkck \izòc _azuûk Rkuba Rhbih bkcbiòc
_izkrrk \kzòc Bkzurrh _icbaf Fabbiòc
@affazk Fkzh \hzulh Gkbatk Bhbick

2.2.2. _hsibiòc eickf.

_kz Fuz Dhz _az Pankfiz

Dkz _az Earhz \az Eafiz
Ekz \az Krrhz Uaz Gkçz
Uhrkz Cuaz Uafhz Jaraz Fëpiz
Bkpkz Uaz Kf`hrchz Pkçz Bëliz
Pkpkz Bhz Fuz _arliz Ckriz
Kctiekz Uhz Kclkfuz Bibktriz

2.2.<. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

Jkzgçc
Nkzpkbdh
@izbh
_izbk
Izquiarlk
@izbhbdh

2.<. Papatibiòc la erksas.

2.<.;. _hsibiòc icibikf.
 Kchbda bacé binkfks  Abdkré fk bacizk ac af bacibarh
 Ac af bica ch vaclac bariffks  Ac af zhhfònibh dk`çk binuaûks y binkrrks
 Af zkpkth la Bafik as kzúf  Ac Zkrknhzk rhgpç fk barëgibk y af zkeirh
 

 Diba zugh
\acnh bicbhlabiruafks
zkckdhrik
ac fk bastk Lasla kquaffk bigk sa va af biafh kzuf y fk biulkl la
bagacth.
 Ac af birbh vi biac biarvhs
 

  2.<.0. _hsibiòc galik.

 Astk tkzk as kzuf  Fks cuabas bkyarhc phr lhbacks
 \hgé barvazk ac af Phbçh  Ac af `uzòc acbhctré rabatks la bhbick
 Babifik ffavk uc fkzh ac su bk`azk  Fk fabduzk bkzk phr fk chbda
 Ac fk kzhtak dk`çk uc nukph ghzh  Asbri`ç bhc tizk kzuf ac fk pizkrrk
 Gi vabich pasbò uc fubih  Ac fk gkbatk brabac kzubacks

2.<.2. _hsibiòc icvarsk.

 _kz li`ujò uc paz bhc su fëpiz  [ua eafiz shy kf astkr ac Bëliz
 Bhgç krrhz bhc gkçz  Ga gkcbdé fk ckriz kf bhgar af `izbhbdh
 Af dkz la fuz ksustò kf rkpkz  Qc kclkfuz ga trkjh uck parliz guy vafhz
 Af liserkz la fh`h earhz ffavk kctiekz  Bhc gi fëpiz li`ujé uc jkzgçc
 Fk bibktriz la gi gkch izquiarlk as paquaûk  Abdk uck pizbk la skf kf nkzpkbdh
2.1. Papatibiòc la varshs.
Astk chbda ckba uc ciûh
Zug`k zug,
[ua dk la sar af pksthrbiffh
Zug`k zug,
Zug`k, zúg`kfa kf pkcklarh,
Af pkcklarh y kf rk`af,
\hbk, thbk fk zkg`hg`k,
Lkfa, lkfa kf kfgiraz.

2.5. Papatibiòc la klivickczks.

Ac af bkgph ga brié, kbiértkga ustal quiéc shy.
Gatilk actra varlas fkzhs,   (fk fatrk A) Klivickczk, `kfkczk
Kquaf qua ffhrk phr gi ch tiaca tripk ci pkczk.
Asa ga dkba palkzhs. Krquitk bdiquitk   (fk `kfkczk)
(fk ba`hffk) La `uac pkrabar,
Cicnúc barrkjarh Ktrës pkczk y klafkcta aspickzh,
Ac galih la biafh asthy Fk dk phlilh dkbar, kbiértkgafh, palkzh la nkcsh.
sic sar fubarh ci astraffk Rich Lihs laf Biafh,   (fk pkcthrriffk)
,sic sar shf ci fuck ffack, La su nrkc phlar.
  (fk cuaz)

RICEHCAR
/_F/,/@F/,/EF/,
/_F/,/@F/,/EF/, /_P/, /@P/, /EP/.
I. BHPPABBIHC LA
LA K
KFF\APKBIHCAR.

;.;.
;.;. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la ag
agis
isiò
iòcc kis
kisfk
fklk
lk y rrap
apat
atib
ibiò
iòcc ssififë`
ë`ib
ibk.
k.
 Ra agitirë af ehcagk fçquilh la ehrgk bhcticuk trks uck icspirkbiòc factk y prheuclk. K bhcticukbiòc y sic vkrikr fk phsibiòc
la libdh ehcagk, sa bhfhbkrë fk phsibiòc laf ehcagk fibukcta yk qua fhs pucths la krtibufkbiòc shc liearactas. Ra rakfizkrë la
ehrgk acbklacklk dkstk bhcsanuir fk eusiòc la kg`hs shcilhs.
  Ajagpfh: f………(p)……f…(p)…f..(p)…f..(p)f..(p)f…
  r………(p)……r…(p)…r..(p)…r..(p)r..(p)r…
Ra sustituirë af ehcagk fibukcta (pkréctasis) phr kquaf bhc af qua lasaaghs trk`kjkr.
 Ra agitirë af ehcagk fibukcta la ehrgk kisfklk y prhfhcnklk (bukclh af ehcagk fh pargitk), bhcticukclh bhc fk agisiòc laf
ehcagk fçquilh ucilh k fks vhbkfas k, h, u, a, i. Ra rakfizkrë la ehrgk factk kf pricbipih y phstarihrgacta rëpilk, dkstk
bhcsanuir af siceòc.
p......fk, p......fh, p......fu, p......fa, p......fi p......rk, p......rh, p......ru, p......ra, p......ri
`......fk, `......fh, `......fu, `......fa, `......fi `......rk, `......rh, `......ru, `......ra, `......ri
e......fk, e......fh, e......fu, e......fa, e......fi e......rk, e......rh, e......ru, e......ra, e......ri
 

 Papatirë fh sinuiacta a ehrgk factk prigarh y rëpilh laspués. Ac fhs bkshs ac qua af ehcagk fibukcta sa pualk prhfhcnkr, sa
dkrë:
/pr/
h(p) hrk....h(p)hrk....hprk a(p) ark....a(p)ark...aprk  k(p) krk....k(p)krk....kprk
..kprk
h(p) hrh....h(p)hrh....hprh a(p) arh....a(p)arh...aprh k(p) krh....k(p)krh....kprh
h(p) hru....h(p)hru....hpru  a(p) aru....a(p)aru....apru k(p) kru....k(p)kru....kpru
kpru
h(p)hra....h(p)hra....hpra  a(p) ara....a(p)ara....apra k(p) kra....k(p)kra....kpra
h(p) hri....h(p)hri....hpri  a(p) ari....a(p)ari...apri k(p) kri.....k(p)kri.....kprç

u(p) urk....u(p)urk....purk
purk  i(p) irk....i(p)irk....iprk
 u(p) urh....u(p)urh....uprh  i(p) irh….i(p)irh….iprh
 u(p) uru....u(p)uru....upru  i(p) iru…i(p)iru….ipru
 u(p) ura....u(p)ura....upra  i(p) ira….i(p)ira….ipra
 u(p) uri.....u(p)uri.....upri  i(p) iri….i(p)iri…..ipri

/pf/
k(p) kfk......kpfk h(p) hfk......hpfk u(p) ufk......upfk a(p) afk......apfk i(p) ifk......ipfk
k(p) kfh......kpfh h(p) hfh......hpfh u(p) ufh......upfh a(p) afh......apfh i(p) ifh......ipfh
k(p) kfu......kpfu h(p) hfu......hpfu u(p) ufu......upfu a(p) afu......apfu i(p) ifu......ipfu
k(p) kfa......kpfa h(p) hfa......hpfa u(p) ufa......upfa a(p) afa......apfa i(p) ifa......ipfa
k(p) kfi......kpfi h(p) hfi......hpfi u(p) ufi......upfç a(p) afi………apfi i(p) ifi………ipfi

Ra sustituirë af ehcagk fibukcta phr kquaf bhc af qua lasaaghs trk`kjkr.

- Ra rapatirëc fks sinuiactas sçfk`ks la ehrgk rëpilk, afigickclh prhnrasivkgacta fk vhbkf situklk actra ehcagks
fibukcta y fiquilh.
_kfk pkfh pkfu pkfa pkfi pkrk pkrh pkru pkra pkri
_hfk phfh phfu phfa phfi phrk phrh phru phra phri
_ufk pufh pufu pufa pufi purk purh puru pura puri
_afk pafh pafu pafa pafi park pkrh paru para pari
_ifk pifh pifu pifa pifi pirk pirh piru pira piri

Ra sustituirë af ehcagk fibukcta phr kquaf bhc af qua lasaaghs trk`kjkr.

;.0. Papatibiòc la
la ppkkfk`rks.

;.0.;. _hsibiòc icibikf.

/pf/
_fkc _fkth _fhe _fhtich _futh _fugarçk _fa`ayh _fic _fianua
_fks _fkyk _fhgizh _fus _fugòc _fach _fankrik _fiskr _fisklh
_fkzk
_fkch _fkcbdk
_fkcatk _fhgarh
_fhgarçk _fug
_fugk _fugarh
_fugkja _faith
_fankr _fatick
_fanklh _ficth
_fibk
_fktk _fëtkch _fhgklk _futòc _futhcih _fa`a _féyklas _fianh

/`f/
`fkc `fkcbk `fkcburk `fkcbkciavas `fhquah `fusòc `fue `filk `ficlk
`fkclh `fkch `fkcquiffh `fhb `fkclh `fuas `falh `ficlk
`fksòc `fkcquitk `fkcquabich `fhqua `fusk `fug `fkclk `ficlklh
/ef/
efkc efkbh efkutçc efhjh efhrata efuir efuhrasbac efaxiòc efabdkzh efip
efkth efkvih efhr efhta efhrilk efuvikf ta efabh efaquiffh efipa
efkutk efkgkcta efhtk efhrarh efujh efuhritk efaxh efagk efaxi`fa efich
efkgk efkgacbh efhrçc efhtklhr efuhr efuilh efagòc efabdk efaghsh
 

/pr/

prklh prklark prh`kr prhbasiòc prusik prash pragih priath pricbipih

prknk prëbtibh prhazk prhluba prusikch prask prabictk prisk prçcbipa
prkxis prkbtibkcta prheatk prhgask prulacta pranòc prabihsh prisiòc prigkvark
prkvik prhk prh`atk prhvicbik prulacbih prabih praphsibiòc prigark prigitivh
prklas prhcth prhbala prua`k pra prabhz prasilacta pricbask privifanih

/`r/

@rknk @rkvçh @rksifaûh @rhcbk @rugk @rujarçk @ravk @ra`kja @ricbh @ritëcibh
@rkzh @rkvurk @rhgk @rhgurh @rujk @rucata @razh @rçh @riclis
@rkvh @rksarh @rhbk @rhcquih @rusbh @rusafks @rabdk @riffh @rinklk
@rksif @rkbarh @rhbda @rhcquitis @ruûilh @rak @ratòc @risk @riffkcta
@rkufih @rknuatk @rhta @ruth @rújufk @rava @ratkûk @rilk @riffkctick

/er/
erkcbh erkcafk erhtk erutiffk erucba eranhck erask erçvhfh eriank
erksbh erënif erhctòc erutarçk erutkf erabuacta erankr erinhrçeibh erish
Erkcbik erknktk erhclhsh erutk erutarh eranklarh eraçr erçh eriturk
erknk erhctkf erhctark eruth eracta erali eranklh erith
;.0.0. _hsibiòc galik.

/pf/

bhpfk
shpfk kpfkbkr
shpfòc lipfhgk
lipfhlhbus sigpfa
bhgpfath bhgpfagactk
rih kpfiqua
shpfilh súpfibk
igpfibk
kpfkush kpfhgh shpfata supfagacth kgpfih répfibk
/`f/
dk`fk tiag`fk ph`fklh dk`fò Lh`fòc Rk`fa Ag`fagk @i`fik H`finkr
lh`fkr dk`fklhr h`fhcnh _k`fh K`fusklh Bk`fa _rh`fagk Hg`finh

/ef/

bduefk icefklh guefòc kefuvihs icefujh raefajh ghefata

icefk kefhrk taefòc kefuacta raefax suefé kefinilh

/pr/
suprk faprk bhgprh kprh`klh kpratòc siagpra bkpri bkpribdh
bhgprk shprkch kprh`kr kprua`k kpraskr agprask kprisk laprisk
/`r/

h`rk ba`rk acda`rk k`rh bara`rh k`rujklk ph`ra h`rarh K`rilhr K`rinh
bk`rk fk`rk fk`rklhr ag`rhffh k`rugkr bh`ra fi`ra fi`ratk Rh`rick Fk`rianh
sh`rk k`rkzh bh`rh k`rhbdh ag`rujh sh`ra tig`ra k`rir Rk`rick
fi`rk k`rkskr fi`rh sk`rhsh k`rupth k`ra ph`razk K`rif Bk`rith
/er/

bierk kzkerëc Kerhlitk Bhera Bkera Keractk Keribkch Paerinarkl

raerëc kerhctk Kerutklh Ruera Hchera Ëeribk Paeriank hr
;.2. Papatibiòc la erksas.
;.2.;. _hsibiòc icibikf.

/pf/
 Fk pfugk as la pfktk  _futh sa sactò ac fk pfkzk
 Ch dky pfkctks ac fk pfktkcark  Bhgç ac uc pfkth la pfëstibh

 \acnh ucks pfatick pfktaklk
 _fkcta gi eirgk ac af pfianh la pkpaf
 Fk ekflk pfisklk tiaca uc pfianua
 Astk pfugk as pfkck y la bhfhr pfhgizh
/`f/
 Af `fhqua la diarrh as `ficlklh
 Fk `fusk as `fkcbk
 
Fk `faclk `fhquah af túcaf
/ef/
 Af bkctklhr efkgacbh ark efkbh
 Bhgç uc efkc qua ga lih Efkth
 Ffavk`k uck efkgkcta efhr ac af hjkf
 Fkcbé uck efabdk y tiré af efhrarh
efh rarh
 Af efúhr ga dkba lkûh ac af efagòc
/pr/
 Ffanué k fk prklark prhcth y vi uck prask
 Af prabih la asta prhlubth as kfth
 Ac prigkvark iré bhc gi prigh k _rknk
 Bhgpré fk pracsk guy prhcth
 Dhy sa prasactkc fks praclks la prigkvark
 Gi prigk sa ffavò af prigar pragih
/`r/
 Astuva ac @rksif `ricbkclh y `kifkclh
 Bhgh `riffk asa `rkzkfata
 Fk `rujk thgh af `riffkcta la @ruch
 Ac af `rkzh ffavh uck `rabdk prheuclk
 @riclkré bhc `rkcly
/er/
 Af erkcbés su`iò k fk erknktk
 Bhgç erasks erasbks
erasbks `kjh af erasch
 Asa erkifa as erkcbisbkch
 Bhc af erasbh la fk chbda ga lih erçh
 Fk erkg`uask y af erasòc shc erutks
;.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.
/pf/
 Rhpfé fk vafk bhc uc sigpfa shpfilh
 Bhc af shpfata shflò af pfhgh
 Af bk`fa as bhgpfatkgacta pfkch
 Kf rabi`ir af lipfhgk fa liarhc gubdhs kpfkushs
/`f/
 Dk`fkghs bhc _k`fh la fk @i`fik
 Ga pusa k tag`fkr bukclh vi af sk`fa
 Ffavh uc ag`fagk ac gi `fusk
 Af lh`fkliffh la fk ekflk as `fkcbh
/ef/
 _k`fh phca taefòc ac fks vactkcks
 Asa ciûh icefk tus ghefatas
 

Fhs kefuactas
Af guefòc tiacalaraefajhs
asta rçh efuyac phr thlks pkrtas
 Af pfugarh as la pfugòc eich
 Fk pfkstifick ch as la pfëstibh
 Af pfktiffh vhfkcta vacçk la _futòc
 Ac fk pfkctk sanuclk dky pfkquatk ac af suafh
 Fks dhjks laf `falh shc `fkclks
 \hbkré uc `fuas ac af `fuee

@fkcbkciavas
Gi `fhb tiaca ffavk
dhjksuc`fkcquabick
`fusòc
 Bhgpré uc efaxh bhc lhs efhricas
 Af rçh efuçk y af gklarh efhtk`k
 Efhractich efhjak`k la fks piarcks
 Bhc fks efkutks y af efkutçc thbh efkgacbh
 Efkvih efhtk`k bhc su efhtklhr
 Af prçcbipa sa pksak phr af prklh
 Af prheatk lijh su prheabçk
 Ac _rusik dk`çk dhg`ras prigitivhs
 As prëbtibkgacta igprh`k`fa qua prulacbih link af
_ranòc
 \acnh uc `rhbda la `riffkctas
 Asa thrh `rkvh tiaca gubdh `rçh
 Af `rujh dizh uc `ra`kja la `ravks
 Fk `rújufk ga nuiò actra fk `rugk
 @rkufih fa nksth uck `rhgk kf `rinklk
 Eranué af erinhrçeibh erhtkclh gubdh
 Bhc erabuacbik erçh erijhfas
 Kf erackr ga li uc nhfpa ac fk eracta
 Af erkb la Erali as la erkcafk
 Gatç af erutarh ac af erinhrçeibh
 Ga supfibò qua fa bkctkrë uck bhpfk
 Af supfagacth laf pariòlibh as guy bhgpfath
 Rupfiqua qua ga liarkc af shpfata
 Asa lipfhlhbus as uck rapfibk
 Af prheashr ga h`finò k dkbar af prh`fagk
 Af ph`fklh astk`k `fkcbh phr fk ciava
 \u hg`finh pkraba uc lh`fòc
 _k`fith ga h`finò k dk`fkr
 Af suefé ga skfiò la bduefk
 Efhrh astë h`finklh phrqua as efkbh

Fhs ghefatas
Asthy kefinilhlaphrbkcticefks
asta sueféshc la bduefk
 

/pr/

 Bhgprua`k fk buactk la fk bhgprk  Af prheashr ga kprua`k siagpra

 Ac Bkpri du`h gubdk apilagik la faprk  Kpraskrhc k fhs fklrhcas ac uc prklh
 Kpriatk kprisk fk tuarbk  Fk faprk ffanh k Bkpri
 Gkgë bhgprk thlhs gis bkpribdhs  Ac astk agprask siagpra vkghs laprisk
/`r/
 


Fk
Ac bk`rk su`iò
fk fi`ratk k ucafghcta
ffavh k`rupth
taféehch la Rk`rick 
Ac K`rif targickré
Af h`rarh fk h`rk
bh`rh su suaflh
 Ga k`rhbdh gi k`rinh la ba`rk  Ffkgé kf tig`ra y ga k`riò gi sh`rick
 K`rç af sh`ra bhc af k`rabkrtks  Af bara`rh la fk ba`rk as paquaûh

/er/

 Kerhctkr fk keractk la Kferalh  Fks bierks laf kzkerëc su`ac sic

sic pkrkr
 Fhs keribkchs vivac ac Ëeribk  Fa dkré uc raerëc k kerhlitk
 Af bkera la erkcbisbh rhgpiò af bhera  Hchera suera la nripa
;.<. Papatibiòc llaa ttrrk`kfacnuks.

/pf/

Bhcstkctich eua k Bhcstkctichpfk Pay la fhs lasaxpfhrklhras sarë. ¸[uiéc fhs laspfkctkrë8
¸quiéc fh lasbhcstkctichpfkrë8 Af laspfkctklhr
Af lasbhcstkctichpfklhr Ac kquaf bariffh [ua fhs laspfkctkra
[ua
@uacfhlasbhcstkctichpfklhr
lasbhcstkctichpfa sarë. Dky uc cilh
Bhc bicbh la zkrrkbktkpfiffhs
zkrrkbktkpfiffhs @uac laspfkctklhr
Ri _fkcbdk pfkcbdk sarë.
Bukclh fk zkrrkbktkpfk tkpfk Bhc buktrh pfkcbdks,
Af axpfhrklhr dk axpfhrklh. Zkrrkbktkpfakc fhs bicbh
¸[uiéc fh lasaxpfhrkrë8 Zkrrkzktkpfiffhs. Bhc buëctks pfkcbdks,
Af lasaxpfhrklhr _fkcbdk _fkcbdk8
[ua fh lasaxpfhra Ra pfkctkrhc gkfhs pichs
/`f/
Af biafh astë cu`fklh, Jkbk `fkcbk, jkbk canrk, [ua af knuk pú`fibk sa Ffkgks `fhquaklks
¸quiéc fh lasaccu`fkrë8 Fuck rhjk, bkpk `fkcbk, i`k k kbk`kr, tacaghs,
Af lasaccu`fklhr Hjhs canrhs, fk`ihs rhjhs, _krk qua af pú`fibh la fk ¸[uiéc fks las`fhquakrë8
[ua fh lasaccu`fkra Fuck `fkcbk, jkbk `fkcbk. rapú`fibk Af las`fhquaklhr
@uac lasaccu`fklhr sarë \hga knuk pú`fibk la [ua fk las`fhquakra
. Fa lija kf pú`fibh la fk _kckgë. @uac las`fhquaklhr sarë.
Papú`fibk

/ef/
Putifkctas y galrhsks Bduefk qua ta bduefk,
efhras `fkcbks, efhras rhsks, Dkba af viajh k fk `rujk,
salkctas shc fks efhras, Bdiefk qua ta bdiefk,
fks efhras shc fks rhsks, Bhrra af ciûh trks fk ciûk,
efhrabac ac fks chbdas Bduefk la viajh
galrhsks shc fks efhras. Y bdiefilh la ciûk.

/pr/
_rhgatilh y prhgatilk sa prhgatac, shc prhgatigiacths la fhs qua Yh fh prh`é laspués.
prhgatalhr as af qua prhgata prhgatac.
prhgasks, Bhgpré phbks bhsks,
parh fks prhgasks laf prhgatilh qua Gi prigh prhpush _hbks bhsks bhgpré,
prhgata [ua prh`ërkghs af pkstaf, Y bhgh bhgpré phbks bhsks,
Éf fh prh`h prigarh, _hbks bhsks pknua.
 

/`r/

Hpth phr sar aquifi`rklh Gi vich astë kzug`rklh

¸[uiéc ga lasaquifi`rkrë8 ¸[uiéc fh laskzug`rkrë8
Af lasaquifi`rklhr qua ga lasaquifi`ra Af laskzug`rklhr
@uac lasaquifi`rklhr sarë. [ua fh laskzug`rkra,
@uac laskzug`rklhr sarë.

Kcigkfas dky acbkfi`rklhs

¸[uiéc fhs lasacbkfi`rkrë8
Af lasacbkfi`rklhr
[ua fhs lasacbkfi`rkra
@uac lasacbkfi`rklhr sarë.

/er/

Erksbuafh y Kferalh
Euarhc k Erkcbik
Bhgprkrhc erutk, erutitk
Eriarhc erutk, erutiffk
Bhgiarhc erutk,erutiffk

RICEHCAR
/BF/,/NF/, /\P/, /LP/, /BP/,/NP/
I. BHPPABBIHC LA
LA KF
KF\APKBIHCAR.

I.;.
I.;. Aj
Ajar
arbi
bibi
bihs
hs la ag
agis
isiò
iòcc kkis
isfk
fklk
lk y rrap
apat
atib
ibiò
iòcc ssififë`
ë`ib
ibk.
k.
- Papatirë la ehrgk factk y prhnrasivkgacta gës rëpilk fks sinuiactas bhcstrubbihcas. Ra irë lisgicuyaclh fk
krtibufkbiòc la fk vhbkf situklk actra ehcagks fibukcta y fçquilh.
Ac fhs bkshs ac qua af ehcagk fibukcta sa pualk prhfhcnkr, la`aghs dkbarfh.

/bf/

k(b) kfk......kbfk h(b) hfk......hbfk u(b) ufk......ubfk a(b) afk......abfk i(b) ifk......ibfk
k(b) kfh......kbfh h(b) hfh......hbfh u(b) ufh......ubfh a(b) afh......abfh i(b) ifh......ibfh
k(b) kfu......kbfu h(b) hfu......hbfu u(b) ufu......ubfu a(b) afu......abfu i(b) ifu......ibfu
k(b) kfa......kbfa h(b) hfa......hbfa u(b) ufa......ubfa a(b) afa......abfa i(b) ifa......ibfa
k(b) kfi......kbfi h(b) hfi......hbfi u(b) ufi......ubfi a(b) afi......abfi i(b) ifi......ibfi
Rustituir af ehcagk fibukcta phr kquaf bhc af qua lasaaghs trk`kjkr.

/br/
k(b) krk......kbrk h(b) hrk......hbrk u(b) urk......ubrk a(b) ark......abrk i(b) irk......ibrk
k(b) krh......kbrh h(b) hrh......hbrh u(b) urh......ubfh a(b) arh......abrh i(b) ifh......ibrh
k(b) kru......kbru h(b) hru......hbru u(b) uru......ubru a(b) aru......abru i(b) iru......ibru
k(b) kra......kbra h(b) hra......hbra u(b) ura......ubra a(b) ara......abra i(b) ira......ibfa
k(b) kri......kbri h(b) hri......hbri u(b) uri......ubri a(b) ari......abri i(b) ifi......ibfi
Ra sustituirë af ehcagk fibukcta phr kquaf bhc af qua lasaaghs trk`kjkr.
- Ra rakfizkrë af ajarbibih kctarihr afigickclh fk vhbkf icibiklhrk qua prabala la ehrgk fibukcta.

(b) kfk (b) kfh (b) kfu (b) kfa (b) kfi (b) krk (b) krh (b) kru (b) kra (b) kri
(b) hfk (b) hfh (b) hfu (b) hfa (b) hfi (b) hrk (b) hrh (b) hru (b) hra (b) hri
(b) ufk (b) ufh (b) ufu (b) ufa (b) ufi (b) urk (b) urh (b) uru (b) ura (b) uri
(b) afk (b) afh (b) afu (b) afa (b) afi (b) ark (b) arh (b) aru (b) ara (b) ari
(b) ifk (b) ifh (b) ifu (b) ifa (b) ifi (b) irk (b) irh (b) iru (b) ira (b) iri
 

I.0. Papatibiòc llaa ppkkfk`rks

I.0.;. _hsibiòc iiccibikf.

/bf/
Bfkc Bfkva Bfkvaf Bfkvçbufk Bfhrkth Bfu` Bférinh Bfaptògkc Bfigk
Bfkrh Bfkvh Bfkvijk Bfhrh Bfhtifla Bfuabk Bfagacta h Bfibdé
Bfksa
Bfkghr Bfkrk
Bfkrçc Bfkrilkl
Bfkricata Bfhkbk
Bfhrurh Bfhlhgirh
Bfhrheifk Bfualh
Bfarh Bfagacbik
Bfagactick Bfip
Bfçh Bfiacta
Bfçcibh
/nf/

Nfksa Nfklihfh Nkliklhr Nfhtòc Nfhtis Nfhriatk Nfútah Nfubhsk Nfa`k

Nfkbikr Nfëclufk Nfh`h Nfhrik Nfò`ufh Nfhskrih Nfúbilh Nfubagik Nfibarick
/tr/
\rks \rkgh \rkviash \rheah \rhpazòc \ruach \ré`hf \rasiffh \rinh \rçphla
\rkar \rkph \rkgpiffk \rhgpk \rhtkgucl \ruquiffh \raczk \ri \riffh \rifhnçk
\rkbk \rkcba \rhch \rhcbh h \rac \rapkr \rikf \rich \ri`uth
\rkth \rksth \rhpk \rhgph \rubh \ras \ranuk \rçh \rizk \ribhtksk
\rknh \rkgpk \rhzh \rhcçh \rubdk \raba \riffòc \ris \ritòc
\rkja \rkcbk \rhta \rhgpatk \ruek \ratk \raictk \ri`u \ricah
\rkzh \rëquak \rhfk \rhfa`ús \rudkc \racbk \ragaclh \ripk \rinuaûh

/lr/
Lrkgk Lrknòc Lrëstibh Lrhnklh Lrhgalkrih Lrupk Lruçlk Lrif
Lrknh Lrkgòc Lrhnk Lrhnuarçk Lrhnklibth Lrush Lrackja
/br/
Brkb Brksh Brhs Bròcibh Brhquatk Brhchfònibh Bruaf Brubarh Brustëbah
Brëcah Brëtark Brhgh Brhgklh Brhcistk Bruz Brujir Bruzklh Brubieijh
Brëtar Brëpufk Brhquis Bròcibk Brhghshgk Brulh Brupiar Brujiacta Brubinrkgk

/`r/

@rak @rav
a
@ravk @ratòc @rçh @rilk @rinklk @riffkctick
@razh @ratkûk @riffh @ricbh @riffkcta @ritëcibh
@rabdk @ra`kja @risk @riclis @riffkcta
/nr/

Nrkc
Nrkch Nrkpk Nrkcizh Nrhsaffk Nrugh Nras Nrasbk Nrieh Nricnh
Nrkvk Nrkth Nrkcklk Nrhtasbh Nruph Nray Nranhrih Nrith Nrianh
Nrkjh Nrkck Nrkcith Nrúk Nrutk Nraûk Nranuarçk Nriffh Nriffata
Nrklh Nrkcjk Nrkckta Nrupk Nruûilh Nrabh Nranhrikch Nripa
Nrkva Nrkeçk Nrhsh Nruffk Nrupith Nrabk Nris Nrigk
Nrksk Nrkcla Nrhsarh Nruash Nrugata Nragih Nrikf Nriatk
I.0.0. _hsibiòc galik.
/bf/

Kcbfk Pabfkgk Bibfh Hbfusiòc Hbfa @ibibfatk Icbficklh Kbfigktkl

Kbfkgk _rhbfkgk Pabfutk Bhcbfusiòc Kckfath Labfick h
 

/nf/
Panfk Icnfktarrk Infú Panfatk Panfiffk
Krranfk Pacnfòc Infasik Icnfask Canfinacta
/tr/

_atrk Actrklk Axtrkcjarh Kctrh Bktra _htrarh _ktribik

Ktrksh
Ktrkbh Astrklk
@ktrkbih Ktrhz
Patrhc Pkstrh
_ktròc Rkstra
Pkstrarh Actratacar
Ktrif Pkstriffh
Ktrkpkr Axtrkûh _htrh Ktrhpaffh Buktrarh Gktriz

/lr/

_ialrk _alrh Gakclrh Gklrunklk _klra Gkclrif Fklriffh

Fklrk Buklrh Gklrunklk Hlra Klrala _klrich Fklrilh
_alrklk Balrh _alrusbh _ulra Gklrasafv Phlrinh
Gafhlrkgk Fakclrh Gklrunòc Gklra k _alrith
/br/

Fibrk Kbrktk Gkbrkga Kbròphfis Rabrath Asbri`h

Fkbrk Qbrkcik Rkbrkgacth Kbrò`ktk Axbragacth Asbri`iacta
Rkbrk Ròbrktas Rkbrh Cabròphfis Labrépith
/nr/

Fhnrkr
Knrklh Ktinrklh Gknrh \inra Knralilh
Rknrklh Hnrh Aginrh Kfanra Kfanrçk
Acnrksa Fhnrh Knrupkr Knrankr Knripklh
Knrklaba Canrh Acnrulh \inrask Asnrigk
I.2. Papatibiòc la erksas.

/bf/
 K Bfkrk fa nustk su bfksa
 Ac asa bfu` thbkc af bfkricata
 Fhs bfiactas la Bfagacta tiacac af bfkricata
 Af bférinh piliò bfagacbik kf bfarh
 Bfhlhgirh juank bhc bfahtifla kf bfualh
 Ac fk bfçcibk ga liarhc uc bfkvaf
 Ga pusiarhc uc bfkvh ac fk bfkvçbufk
 Dhy sarë lik bfkrh bhc bfigk sabh
 Ac fk bfhkbk dky bfhrh y bfhrkth

/nf/
 Bhgpré uc nfh`h ac fk nfhriatk  Fhs nfhthcas tiacac fhs nfurahs nrkclas
 Nfhrik bhgiò gubdk nfubhsk  _fkcté uc nfklihfh ac fk nfa`k
 Af nfkliklhr vikjò dkstk af nfkbikr
/tr/

 Nkca uc trheah ac fk bkrrark la trikf  Lasla af trinkf sa hçkc truachs

 \rhpabé bhc uc trhcbh y bkç  Af afaekcta thbk fk trhgpatk bhc fk trhgpk
 Diba ;2 mg. ac gi tricah  Af trudëc trapò pkrk bhfhbkrsa bhc fk trkgpiffk
 Ac gi tri`u bhgaghs trubdks y trithcas  Bhc uc trhzh la trkph diba uc trubh
 \rhpabé kf su`ir kf trhfa`ús  Aras trkviash, trkgphsh y tripulh
/lr/

 Af lrhnklibth thgh fk lrhnk  Af lrhgalkrih bhgiò gubdks lrupks

 Af lruçlk lrush tacçk uc lrknòc  Bhgpré uc lrackja gabëcibh ac fk lrhnuarçk


Kquaf lrkgk sa bhcvirtiò ac uc lrkghc

 

/br/
 Fhs bristikchs braac ac bristh
 Bhgaraghs brhquatks bhc bragk
 Diba uc brhquis laf brubarh
 Bkg`ih brhghs phr ask nkffatk brujiacta
 Kf bruzkr af puacta ga brujiarhc fhs duashs laf
brëcah
/nr/
 Ac fk nrkcjk vighs nruffks y nrkjhs
 Dibighs uc nrkc nruph la nrianhs
 _anué uc nrith kf var af nriffh ac af nrkcarh
 Nranhrih nruûh kf var fk nrutk barrklk
;.2.0. _hsibiòc galik.
/bf/
 Af rabfutk shftò af kcbfk
 Kckbfath ghctk ac `ibibfatk
 Kbfkgkrhc af bibfh la bica
 Bristick brçk brustëbahs ac bratk
 Ri euark brupiar ga lkrçkc brélith
 Fk briklk ark bruaf bhc kquaf brçh
 Fhs brihffhs nukrlk`kc af brubieijh ac af brëtar
 Kquaf brigickf ark bratich y brëpufk
 Ac af nrkcarh tacnh nrhsaffk y nrkcklick
 Af nrianh la pafh nris tiaca nripk
 Ac Nrkcklk bkyò nrkcizh
 Ga bkyò nrksk ac fk nrëeibk
 Ga icbficé sh`ra fk bfhkbk
 Astk bfksa ch astk kbfigktklk
 Ra labficò phr bhnar hbfa

/nf/
 Krranfkrhc yk fk infasik  Krranfé fk ranfatk la Nfhrik
 


Li`ujh
Ac uc infú bhc
Icnfktarrk dky uck ranfka icnfasks
icnfasas Bhc fk ranfiffk ch ga skfth af racnfòc

/tr/
 Af trac ffanh bhc ratrksh k _kstrkck
 Af skstra dizh uc trkja pkrk _ktribik
 Af buktrarh tacçk uc phtrh ktrhz
 Ac fk actrklk laf rkstrh ga ktrhpaffò uc bhbda
/lr/
 Af axtrkûh sa krrkstrò dkbik af bktra
 Af axtrkcjarh ratrhbaliò dkbik af kctrh
 Ch qualò rkstrh la fhs ktrkbklhras
 _atrk ga rankfò uc ktrif

 Af parrh fklrk`k k fk pialrk  Af balrh sa astë pulriaclh

 Fk gklra la _alrh gklrunk gubdh
 Gi pklrich pictò uc buklrh la gklrasafvks
 K Phlrinh fa liarhc uc fklriffkzh
/br/
 Ròbrktas viviò ac uck kbròphfis
 Af kbrò`ktk sa rhgpiò af skbrh
 Asbri`iré varshs ac sabraths
 Bhc fklriffh y pialrks diba gi bksk
 Gi pklra tiaca uc gkclrif
 Fhs gakclrhs sa vac la gklrunklk
 Ac Qbrkcik sa dkba gkbrkgé
 Af ëbrktk asbri`iò uc skbrkgacth
 Fk asbri`iacta ffavk`k galiks la fibrk

/nr/
 Fa knrklazbh af acnrksa la gi bhbda  Ra knrklaba tu kfanrçk
 Aginré k uc pkis la canrhs  Af hnrh ark acnraçlh
 Fhnré vacbar kf tinra  Af asnrigk as sknrklh pkrk gç
 Fk tinrask bhgiò gknrh
I.<. Papatibiò
ibiòcc la trk`kfacnu
nukks.
/bf/

Bfkvijh bfkvò uc bfkvh k su dijh

di jh
_arh af bfkvh bfkvklh phr bfkvijh Fk fuck ffack ffanò fubiaclh
Ch
_hr ark af bfkvh
fh qua bkfvhlasbfkvò
af bfkvijh la su dijh Qc kf`k
Bhgh `fkcburk,
bfkrk sic ffagk
Af bkfvh bfkvh la su dijh Bfkrk bfkrk, fuck `fkcbk,

Bfkrk bfkrk, fuck ffack
/nf/
Lhc nfh`h nfhsk`k
Bhc af nfh`h la nfhtòc
Nfhskcbh, nfhskclh
Nfh`akclh fhs lhs.
/tr/
\ras trkpabihs tagprkch
euarhc puasths ac fk krack
pkrk tras tagprkcarhs
fhs tras tiphs trkpabistks.
Lhc \ristës tacçk tristazks
Y fks parliò ac uc tristës
Kdhrk axtrkûk k sus tristazks
[ua vivkc fhs tristas la lhc \ristës.
Lhûk triqui tribhtk`k
Bhc af triqui triqui trhc
_uas af triqui triqui trkqua
La fk tribhthsk tribhtk`k
Bhc uc sukva trkqua triqui
Y uc lufba tribh trhc.
Gkrtas traba
Ra ta ktrkviasa
_hr traba gkrtas
Fhs gkrtas traba.
\raictk trhpks sa traczkrhc
\ripkrtiaclh traictk tripks
\raictk trhpks tiritkrhc
\rhpazkclh bhc tiritks
Qc tinra trknòc
Lhs tinras trknhcas
\ras tinras trknhcas
Buktrh tinras trknhcas
\ras tinras y trinh tacnh
/lr/
Lrknk fk lknk,
Dknk fh qua dknk.
Lhc Lrknòc Ghclrknòc
Krlçk ac fhs `rkzhs y ac fks `rksks
Ac su prhpih y prhpibih bhrkzòc.
_alrh _ialrk
Bhc af pia fk pialrk rapiquatak
Papiquatakclh, rapiquataklhr
_alrh _ialrk as af gajhr.
/br/
Af biafh astë bruzklh,
¸[uiéc fh lasbruzkrë8
Af lasbruzklhr qua fh lasbruzkra
@uac lasbruzklhr sarë.
Af biafh astk laskrranfklh
[uiéc fh krranfkrë
Af krranfklhr qua fh krranfkra
@uac krranfklhr sarë.
_uas trinh pkrk tras tinras
As gachs trinh laf qua tacnh
Yk qua tras tinras ch bhgac tkcth trinh
Bhgh tras vabas tras tinras
\inras qua tras vabas ch tacnh
_hr fh qua tacnh trinh pkrk tras tinras
_uas trinh pkrk cuava tinras ch tacnh.
\rapk, trapk fk paratrkpk,
Bukclh fk paratrkpk trapk,
\rapkc fhs paratrkphs.
\rkgpakr phr trkgpakr fks trkgpks
t rkgpks
[ua tkc actrkgpklh ta tiacac
\a trkarëc gubdks gës trkgpks
La fks trkgpks qua yk tiacas.
\ras trkphs figpikc fhs tracas
Fhs tracas thlhs traczklh,
\ras traczks la tristas thchs
\ras thchs la tristas trkphs.
\ruqua y ratruqua
Labçk uc kftivh luqua
Ac uck pkrtilk la truqua
_arh si labçk ratruqua
As phrqua ac pkrtilk la truqua
Af truqua as gachs qua ratruqua.
\riqui, trkqua, trkqua, triqui,
\rkja uc trkja bhc trubh,
Ksç qua af trubh laf triqui trkqua,
Fh truqué bhc af trkqua triqui laf trkja
Qc parrh fklrk, fklrk, Fknhs dilrhnacklhs axistac.
Fklrk, fklrk, fklrklhr, ¸[uiéc fhs lasdilrhnacizkrë8
Qck chbda fklrò k uck parrk, Af lasacbuklriquiûklhr
_arrk laf actarrklhr [ua fh lasacbuklriquiûa
Lasla acthcbas fklrkc jucths @uac lasacbuklriquiûklhr sarë.
Fklrhc y fklrkc fhs lhs.
Gi pktih astë buklriquiûklh Fknhs dilrhnacklhs axistac
¸[uiéc fh lasacbuklriquiûkrë8 ¸[uiéc fhs lasdilrhnacizkrë8
Af lasacbuklriquiûklhr Af lasdilrhnacizklhr
[ua fh lasacbuklriquiûa [ua fhs lasdilrhnackra
@uac lasacbuklriquiûklhr sarë. @uac lasdilrhnacklhr sarë.
Fk astkgpk astë brhgklk Af biafh astë buklribufklh.
[uiac fk lasbrhgkrë
Af lasbrhgklhr qua fk lasbrhgkra ¸[uiéc fh lasbuklribufkrë8
Af lasbuklribufklhr
@uac lasbrhgklhr sarë. [ua fhs lasbuklribufa
 

@uac lasbuklribufklhr sarë

.
/nr/
Nrktickr tiaca su bhsk, Ac af kbafarònrkeh @uac lasacfklriffklhr sarë.
bksh, quash, quibih, bhsk, Ra bkyò uc kbaftifskfibifibh
nrktickr sarë tkc sarih _hrqua af kbafarhnrkeistk Nrkbiks k fks nrkbihsks dky nrkbiks,
bhgh af prapkrkr asphsk. As uc bksh bfçcibh. Nrkbik qua tiaca nrkbik ac af nrkbihsh,
_arh si fk nrkbik ch as nrkbihsk,
Jkbk `fkcbk,
Fuck rhjk, jkbk
bkpk canrk,
`fkcbk, Af suafhfhastë
¸[uiéc acfklriffklh
lasacfklriffkrë8 _hbk
nrkbiknrkbik dkba af nrkbihsh bhc su
Hjhs canrhs, fk`ihs rhjhs, Af lasacfklriffklhr
Jhbk canrk, jkbk `fkcbk. [ua fh lasacfklriffkra
.