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UNIT 1. MY HOBBIES
A. VOCABULARY
1. a piece of cake (idiom) / əpi:s əv keɪk / : dễ ợ t
2. art gallery /a:rt ˈɡæl.ər.i/ (n) : bả o tà ng nghệ thuậ t
3. arranging flowers /ə'reɪndʒɪŋ 'flaʊər/ : cắm hoa
4. bird-watching / bɜːd wɒtʃɪŋ /(n) : quan sá t chim chó c
5. board game /bɔːd ɡeɪm /(n) : trò chơi trên bà n cờ (cờ tỉ phú , cờ vua)
6. carve / kɑːv /(v) : chạ m, khắ c
7. carved / kɑːvd /(adj) : đượ c chạ m, khắ c
8. collage / 'kɒlɑːʒ /(n) : ả nh nhỏ , tranh ghép
9. complete /kəmˈpliːt/ (v) : hoà n thà nh
10. eggshell / eɡʃel /(n) : vỏ trứ ng
11. empty /ˈemp.ti/ (adj) : rỗ ng
12. fragile / 'frædʒaɪl /(adj) : dễ vỡ
13. gardening / 'ɡɑːdənɪŋ /(n) : là m vườ n
14. guess /gest/ (v) : đoá n
15. horse-riding / hɔːs, 'raɪdɪŋ /(n) : cưỡ i ngự a
16. ice-skating / aɪs, 'skeɪtɪŋ /(n) : trượ t bă ng
17. making model / 'meɪkɪŋ, 'mɒdəl / : là m mô hình
18. making pottery / 'meɪkɪŋ 'pɒtəri / : nặ n đồ gố m
19. melody / 'melədi /(n) : giai điệu
20. monopoly / mə'nɒpəli /(n) : cờ tỉ phú
21. mountain climbing / 'maʊntɪn, 'klaɪmɪŋ /(n) : leo nú i
22. share / ʃeər /(v) : chia sẻ
23. skating / 'skeɪtɪŋ /(n) : trượ t pa tanh
24. strange / streɪndʒ /(adj) : lạ
25. surfing / 'sɜːfɪŋ /(n) : lướ t só ng
26. unique / jʊˈni:k /(adj) : độ c đá o
27. unusual / ʌn'ju:ʒuəl /(adj) : khá c thườ ng
28. upstairs /ʌpˈsterz/ (adv) : tầ ng lầ u

B: READING
I. MY FAVOURITE HOBBY
Nick : Hi Mi. Welcome to our house!
Elena : Come upstairs! I’ll show you my room.
Mi : Wow! You have so many dolls.
Elena : Yes. My hobby is collecting dolls. Do you have a hobby?
Mi : I like collecting glass bottles.
Elena : Really? That’s very unusual. Is it expensive?
Mi : Not at all, I just keep the bottles after we use them. What about doll collecting? Is it expensive?
Elena : I guess so, but all of my dolls are presents. My parents and my aunt and uncle always give me dolls
on special occasions.
Mi : Your dolls are all very different.
Elena : Yes, they’re from all over the world!
Nick : I don’t know why girls collect things. It’s a piece of cake.
Mi : Do you have a difficult hobby, Nick?
Nick : Yes, I enjoy mountains around here.
Mi : But Nick, there are no mountains around here!
Nick : I know. I’m in a mountain climbing club. We travel to mountains around Viet Nam. In the future, I’ll
climb mountains in others countries too.
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a. Are the sentences below true (T) or false (F)?

T F
1. Elena’s room is on the first floor.
2. There are a lot of dolls in Elena’s room.
3. Mi has the same hobby as Elena.
4. Elena’s grandparents usually give her dolls.
5. Nick thinks mountain climbing is more challenging than collecting things
b. Answer the following questions.
1. When does Elena receive dolls from her family members?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Are her dolls the same?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. How does Mi collect bottles?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Does Mi think collecting bottles costs much money?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
II. Read about Nick’s father’s unusual hobby and check your answers.
My father has an unusual hobby; carving eggshells. As everyone knows, eggshells are very fragile. My dad can
make beautiful pieces of art from empty eggshells. It’s amazing!
He started the hobby five years ago after a trip to the US where he saw some carved eggshells in an art
gallery. My father didn’t go to class to learn how to carve. He learned everything from the Internet.
Some people say that this hobby is difficult and boring, but it isn’t. All you need is time. It may take two
weeks to complete one shell. I find this hobby interesting because carved eggshells are unique gifts for your
family and friends. I hope that in the future he’ll teach me how to do eggshell carving.
1. Read the text and answer the questions.
a. Why does Nick think his father’s hobby is unusual?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. Where did his father see the carved eggshell for the first time?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c. How do some people find this hobby?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d. Does Nick like his father’s hobby?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Read the sentences below and use no more than three words from the text to complete them.
a. Nick’s father enjoys……………………………………………………………………………………………….
b. He took up his hobby when he came back home from…………………………………………….
c. He learned to carve from……………………………………………………………………………………….
d. Nick thinks you can learn to carve if you have………………………………………………………..
e. Carved eggshells can be used as………………………………..for your family and friends.
C. GRAMMAR
Verbs of liking/ disliking ( Động từ chỉ sự yêu thích/ không thích)
- like, love, enjoy, fancy, adore (rấ t thích)
- dislike, hate, detest (rấ t ghét)
* Chú ý: Độ ng từ theo sau cá c độ ng từ chỉ sự yêu thích hay khô ng thích luô n ở dạ ng V-ing
Eg: I like collecting glass bottles.
I like going to the cinema.
She hates cleaning the floor.
The teacher fancy seeing her students.
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D. PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Match the correct verbs with the hobbies. Some hobbies may be used with more than one
verb.

a. TV b. bottles c. photos d. mountain climbing e. horse riding

f. the piano g. gymnastics h. badminton i. camping j. dolls

1. go
2. do
3. collect
4. play
5. take
6. watch
Exercise 2: Complete the sentences, using the -ing form of the given verbs.
do / stay / try / take / go(x2) / collect / eat / watch / plant

1. We enjoy ……………………………for a walk around the lake every evening.

2. My friend Jenifer loves ……………………………. unique things.
3. Most of my friends don't like …………………… homework at the weekend.
4. Do you like……………………. flowers in the balcony?
5. I hate ……………………….. outdoors in the summer. It's so hot.
6. I don't like………………………. challenging sports like ice skating or surfing.
7. My cousin David adores………………………..photos. He has got an expensive camera.
8. Who dislikes ……………………… films on TV?
9. Does Laura hate ………………………. noodles?
10. My mother detests ……………………… by bus because she can be carsick.
Exercise 3: Fill in each blank in the sentences with one hobby or one action verb from the box
Hobbies Action verbs
listening to music listen
Gardening plant
Fishing catch
Painting paint
Swimming swim

a. I like…………………………. There is a pool near my house, so I go there four times a week and………………… it is
fun because you can play in the water and keep fit at the same time.
b. I always…………………………to Ngoc’s songs. I love the sweet melodies. At home I have to use my headphones
because my parents don’t like loud noisy…………………………..is my favourite bobby.
c. I love being outdoors with the trees and flowers. There is a small garden behind my house. I
…………………………flowers and vegetables there. I like………………….a lot.
d. My father and I share the same hobby. At weekends, we usually go to a small lake in Ha Tay. It’s exciting
when you can……………….some fish for dinner. We love………………………………!
e. My sister’s favourite hobby is………………………She is very creative and she………………….very well. I like the
colours in her pictures.
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences. Use the present simple or future simple form of the verbs.
1. Ngoc (love)…………cartoons, but she says she (not/continue)…………………this hobby in the future.
2. They usually (take)………………………a lot of beautiful photos.
3. What (your brother/do)………………………………………………..in his free time?
4. I think 10 years from now more people (enjoy)………………………..gardening?
5. ……………………….you (do)…………………morning exercise every day?
6. He often ………………. (go) to school on foot.
7. The sun ………………. (warm) the air and ……………….(give) us light.
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8. Look! A man ………………. (run) after the train.

9. She ………………. (go) to school every day.
10. Bad students never ………………. (work) hard.
11. It often ………………. (rain) in the summer.
12. The teacher always ………. (point) at the black – board when he ………….(want) to explain to us.
13. My mother always ………………. (cook) in the morning.
14. I always ………………. (meet) him on the corner of this street.
15. My dad enjoys (ride)……………………..his bike to work.
16. My mum doesn’t like (watch)……………………films on TV. She loves (go)………………….to the movies
17. I like (talk)………………to my friends in my free time.
18. My younger brother loves (play)…………………………….monopoly with me every evening.
19. They hate (eat) ……………………..noodles. They prefer rice.
20. Does your grandma enjoy (go)……………………….jogging?
Exercise 4: Complete the text with the verbs in the box in the correct form. Maybe some verbs can be
used more than once.
go play watch listen
John has a lot of hobbies. He (1)………………………..chess at school and he aslo (2)……………………skating. After
dinner, he (3)……………………for a walk and he (4)…………….to music every evening in his room. John loves
sports. He (5)…………………….athletics at school, and he (6)……………………….. football after school. On
Saturdays, John and his friends (7) …………….. swimming. On Sundays, they (8) ………………………… basketball in
the park. On Sunday evenings, they sometimes (9) …………………..a film.
Exercise 5: Write sentences using prompts.
1. Tuan/ not/ like/ cook.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. My brother/ like/ play/ table tennis.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Minh/ hate/ eat/ apples.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Ha/ dislike/ play/ the piano.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. My parents/ really love/ garden.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. you / fancy/ dance?
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. I / not/ fancy/ eat/ noodles.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. My dad/ detest/ watch/ Korean films.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. My mum/ adore/ ride/ her bike to work.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. I/ enjoy/ talk/ to my friends in my free time.
>……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Exercise 6. Complete the sentences with appropriate hobbies.
a. If you have a lot of bottles, dolls or stamps, your hobby is……………………………………..
b. If you spend time watching birds in nature, your hobby is…………………………………….
c. If you like playing monopoly or chess, your hobby is……………………………………………..
d. If you alwasys buy flowers and put them in a vase to display in your house, you hobby is …………......
e. If you spend most of your free time making vases or bowls from clay, your hobby is ……………………..
Exercise 7: Put one of the verbs from the box in each blank. Use the correct form of the verb
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Do collect listen play go read

1. My sister __________ to pop music every day.
2. They _________ shopping for food on Sundays.
3. My mum wants to keep fit, so she __________ tennis three times a week.
4. Do they ____________ newspapers in the mornings?
5. My grandparents ____________ exercise in their free time?
6. It is interesting to _________ tree leaves from different countries.
Exercise 8. Add hobbies to each of the following lists.
Easy hobbies Difficult hobbies Cheap hobbies Expensive hobbies
Collecting labels Skating Collecting used books Collecting

Exercise 9: Write true sentences about yourself.

1. I like ____________________________________.
2. I enjoy ___________________________________.
3. I love ____________________________________.
4. I don’t like ________________________________.
5. I hate ____________________________________.
Exercise 10: Write a passage about your hobby in 150 words
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 11: Now, Write a paragraph about your classmate’s hobby. Start your paragraph as shown below. Use the
following information:
1. The name of the hobby
2. When he/ she started the hobby?
3. Who he/she shares it with?
4, To do this hobby you have to…
5, Feelings about the hooby
6, Future
…………………is my classmate. His/ Her hobby is ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Unit 2 HEALTH
A. VOCABULARY
1. allergy / 'ælədʒi / (n) : dị ứ ng
2. calorie / 'kæləri / (n) : calo
3. compound / 'kɒmpaʊnd / (n) : ghép, phứ c
4. concentrate /'kɒnsəntreɪt / (v) : tậ p trung
5. conjunction /kən'dʒʌŋkʃən/ (n) : liên từ
6. coordinate / kəʊˈɔːdɪneɪt / (v) : kết hợ p
7. cough / kɒf / (n) : ho
8. depression / dɪˈpreʃən / (n) : chá n nả n, buồ n rầ u
9. diet / 'daɪət / (n) : ă n kiêng
10. essential / ɪˈsenʃəl / (adj) : cầ n thiết
11. expert / 'ekspɜːt / (n) : chuyên gia
12. independent / 'ɪndɪˈpendənt / (adj) : độ c lậ p, khô ng phụ thuộ c
13. itchy / 'ɪtʃi / (adj) : ngứ a, gâ y ngứ a
14. junk food / dʒʌŋk fu:d / (n) : đồ ă n nhanh, quà vặ t
15. myth / mɪθ / (n) : việc hoang đườ ng
16. obesity / əʊˈbi:sɪti / (adj) : béo phì
17. pay attention / peɪ ə'tenʃən / (v) : chú ý, lưu ý đến
18. put on weight / pʊt ɒn weɪt / (n) : lên câ n
19. sickness / 'sɪknəs / (n) : đau yếu, ố m yếu
20. spot /spɒt / (n) : mụ n nhọ t
21. stay in shape / steɪ ɪn ʃeɪp / (v) : giữ dá ng, giữ cơ thể khoẻ mạ nh
22. sunburn / 'sʌnbɜːn / (n) : chá y nắ ng
23. triathlon / traɪˈæθlɒn / (n) : cuộ c thi thể thao ba mô n phố i hợ p
24. vegetarian /,vedʒi’teəriən / (n) : ngườ i ă n chay

B. READING
I. GOING OUT OR STAYING IN?
Nick: Hi, Phong.
Phong: Oh, hi. You woke me up, Nick.
Nick: But it’s ten o’clock already. Let’s go out.
Phong: No, count me out. I think I’ll stay at home and play Zooniverse on my computer.
Nick: What? It’s such a beautiful day. Come on!
You already got enough sleep. Let’s do something outdoors – It’s healthier.
Phong: What like, Nick?
Nick: How about going swimming? Or ccling?
They are both really healthy.
Phong: No, I don’t feel like it.
Nick: You sound down Phong, are you OK?
Phong: I do feel kind so sad. I eat junk food all the time, so I’m putting on weight too.
Nick: All the more reason to go out.
Phong: No, Nick. Plus, I think I have flu – I feel weak and tired. And, I might get sunburnt outside.
Nick: I won’t take no for an answer. I’m coming to your house now
a. Can you find a word or expression that means:
1. The name of a computer ……………………………………
2. I don’t want to ……………………………………
3. feeling sad ……………………………………
4. becoming fatter ……………………………………
5. I don’t accept it ……………………………………
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b. Read the conversation again. Who wants to do 

Nick Phong
1. Stay at home
2. play computer games
3. go outside
4. go swimming
5. Avoid getting sunburnt

II. Quickly read the text. Match the correct heading with the paragraphs.

1. Just the right amount 2. What is a calorie? 3. An expert’s view

A B C

We need calories or energy to Dr Dan law is a diet expert. People should have between
do the things we do every day: He knows how exactly how 1,600 and 2,500 calories a day
walking, riding a bike, and even much people need to eat, so to stay in shape. Sports like
sleeping! We get calories from many people listen to his riding a bike and running use a
the food we eat. If we eat too advice. His calorie tips? Eat lot of calories. Sleeping and
many, we can get fat. If we don’t less junk food, and count watching TV use less. Do you
eat enough, we feel tired and your calories if you’re think you are eating more or
weak. becoming fat. less calories than you need?
Answer the following questions
1. What is a calorie?
->...................................................................................................
2. What happens when we have too many calories?
->...................................................................................................
3. What is healthy number of calories per day?
->...................................................................................................
4. Which activity uses a lot of calories?
->...................................................................................................
5. Why do people listen to Dr. Law’s advice?
->...................................................................................................

C. GRAMMAR
1. Imperatives with more and less. (Mệnh lệnh thức với “more” và “ less”). Chúng ta sử dụng dạng mệnh lệnh cho
các yêu cầu trực tiếp, đòi hỏi hoặc gợi ý.
Eg:
- Do more exercise
- Eat more fruit/vegetables
- Sleep more
- Eat less junk food
- Watch less TV
- Spend less time playing computer games.
2. Compound sentences (câu ghép, dùng các từ nối và có dấu “,” ở trước): and, so, but, or…
- And (và )
Eg: My hobbies are playing soccer, and listening to music.
Eg: The Japanese eat a lot of rice, and they eat a lot of fish too.
- But (nhưng)
Eg: I want other car, but I have no money.
- Or (hoặ c)
Eg: You should eat less fast food, or you can put on weight.
Eg: Would you like tea or coffee?
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- So (do đó , cho nên, vì vậ y)

Eg: It’s raining, so I’ll stay home and read.
- Because (bở i vì)
Eg: I failed in my exam, because I didn’t study.
- Therefore (do đó , cho nên)
Eg: I passed the test; therefore, my parents took me to the circus.
- However (tuy nhiên)
Eg: I feel sleepy, however, I must finish the report.

D. PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Vocabulary
Have a/an Have Feel
Cough Flu Sick
Headache Stomachache Tired
Sore throat Toothache Weak
Temperature Earache
Now, read the doctor’s notes about his patients and fill in the missing words.
Patient 1: She looks very red. She was outdoors all day yesterday. I think she has ____________.
Patient 2: He keeps sneezing and coughing. I think he has ___________.
Patient 3: He looks so ___________. He can’t keep his eyes open! He’s very hot too – he has a ____________.
Patient 4: He ate some seafood yesterday. Now he feels ___________. He says he has a _____________.
Patient 5: He was holding his neck. I think he has a _______________.
Exercise 2. Make compound sentences by joining the two simple sentences. Use the conjunction given.
Remember to add a comma. (and, so, but, or, because, however)
a. I want to eat some food. I have a sore throat.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. The Japanese eat healthily. They live for a long time.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c. I feel tired. I feel weak.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d. You can go and see the doctor. You can go to bed now and rest.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
e. Nick washes his hands a lot. He doesn’t have flu.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
f. David eats lots of junk food. He doesn’t do exercise.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
g. The doctor told Elena she should sleep more. She should try to relax more.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
h. My sister plays computer games. She doesn’t do exercise.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 3:
Quickly read the text. Match the correct headings with the paragraphs.
1. Just the right amount
2. What is a calorie?
3. An experts’ view
a, We need calories or energy to do the things we do everyday: walking, riding a bike, and even sleeping! We get
calories from food we eat. If we eat too many, we can get fat. If we don’t eat enough, we feel tired and weak.
_________________________________
b, People should have between 1600 and 2500 calories a day to stay in shape. Sports and activities like riding a bike and
running use a lot of calories. Sleeping and watching TV use less. Do you think you are eating more or less calories than
you need?
_________________________________
c, Dr. Dan Law is a diet expert. He knows exactly how much people need to eat, so many people listen to his advice. His
calorie tips? Eat less junk food, and count your calories if you’re becoming fat.
________________________________
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Now answer the following questions.

1. What is a calorie?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. What happens when we have too many calories?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. What is a healthy number of calories per day?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Which activity uses a lot of calories?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Why do people listen to Dr. Law’s advice?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Exercise 4: Look at Dr. Law’s advice page. Can you match the problems with the answers?
1. Dear Dr. Law, a. Dear________
I play computer games and watch TV a lot. I think you should set your alarm for 8 a.m., or 9am. It’s good to
My eyes feel really dry. What should I do? maintain your usual sleep pattern. Try to exercise, or do something
Thanks in advance, healthy once you are awake.
Quang Stay healthy,
Dr. Law
2. Dear Dr. Law,
I love burges and chips, but I’m ptting on b. Dear______
weight. What can I do? you can start to count your calories. Then think about how much
Regards, exercise you do. Eat less junk food, and exercise more. You should be
Barry fine.
3. Dear Dr. Law, Stay healthy,
By the weekend I’m so tired. Do you think I Dr. Law
should sleep in, or wake up at the usual time
on Saturday and Sunday? c. Dear_______
Thank you! You should try to rest your eyes. Also, try the 20-20-20 rule: every 20
Tim minutes look away about 20 feet for 20 seconds. Easy to remember,
right?
Satay healthy,
Dr. Law
Exercise 5: Write down a passage about the advantages of doing exercise regularly in 200 words
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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UNIT 3. COMMUNITY SERVICE

A. VOCABULARY
1. benefit / 'benɪfɪt / (n) : lợ i ích
2. blanket / 'blæŋkɪt / (n) : chă n
3. charitable / 'tʃærɪtəbl / (adj) : từ thiện
4. clean up / kli:n ʌp / (n, v) : dọ n sạch
5. community service / kə'mju:nəti 'sɜːvɪs / (n) : dịch vụ cô ng cộ ng
6. disabled people / dɪˈseɪbld ̩ 'pi:pl / (n) : ngườ i tà n tậ t
7. donate / dəʊˈneɪt / (v) : hiến tặ ng, đó ng gó p
8. elderly people / 'eldəli 'pi:pl / (n) : ngườ i cao tuổ i
9. graffiti / ɡrə'fi:ti / (n) : hình hoặc chữ vẽ trên tườ ng
10. homeless people / 'həʊmləs 'pi:pl / (n) : ngườ i vô gia cư
11. interview / 'ɪntərvju: / (n, v) : cuộ c phỏ ng vấ n, phỏ ng vấ n
12. make a difference / meɪk ə 'dɪfərəns / : là m thay đổ i (cho tố t đẹp hơn)
13. mentor / 'mentɔːr / (n) : thầ y hướ ng dẫ n
14. mural / 'mjʊərəl / (n) : tranh khổ lớ n
15. non-profit organisation / nɒn-'prɒfɪt ,ɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən /(n) : tổ chứ c phi lợ i nhuậ n
16. nursing home / 'nɜːsɪŋ həʊm / (n) : nhà dưỡ ng lã o
17. organisation /,ɔ:gənai'zeiʃn/ (n) : tổ chứ c
18. service / 'sɜːrvɪs / (n) : dịch vụ
19. shelter / 'ʃeltər / (n) : má i ấm, nhà tình thương, nhà cứ u trợ
20. sort /sɔ:t/ (n) : thứ , loại, hạ ng
21. street children / stri:t 'tʃɪldrən / (n) : trẻ em (lang thang) đườ ng phố
22. to be forced / tu: bi: fɔːst / : bị ép buộ c
23. traffic jam / "træfɪk dʒæm / (n) : ù n tắc giao thô ng
24. tutor / 'tju:tər / (n, v) : thầ y dạ y kèm, dạ y kèm
25. volunteer / ,vɒlən'tɪər / (n, v) : ngườ i tình nguyện, đi tình nguyện
26. use public transport (bus, tube,…) : dù ng các phương tiện giao thô ng cô ng cộ ng
27. start a clean-up campaign : phá t độ ng mộ t chiến dịch là m sạch
28. plant trees /plænt tri:/ (v) : trồ ng câ y
29. punish people who make graffiti : phạ t nhữ ng ngườ i vẽ bậ y
30. raise people’s awareness : nâ ng cao ý thứ c củ a mọ i ngườ i
B. GRAMMAR
The present perfect (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành).
1, Công thức

(+) S + have / has + V3/-ed

(-) S + haven’t / hasn’t + V3/-ed

2, Dấu hiệu:
+ never (chưa bao giờ): I have never played football.
ever (đã từng)
+ since + mốc thời gian
+ quá khứ đơn
for + khoảng thời gian
+ recently/ lately (gần đây)
+ just (vừa mới)
+ already (đã)
+ so far/ up to now/ up to the present/ until now (cho tới giờ)
+ before (trướ c đâ y)
+ yet, (?) đã ... chưa
(-) vẫ n chưa
+ many times/ several times/ number + times (... lần)
+ How long (bao nhiêu lâu)
+ This is the first time / the second time, four times , five times… (đâ y là lầ n thứ ...)
 11

3, Cách sử dụ ng củ a hiện tại hoà n thà nh

- Hà nh độ ng trướ c hiện tại (khi khô ng có dấ u hiệu)
Eg: Have you eaten sushi? (Bạ n đã ă n sushi chưa? – hỏ i cho hà nh độ ng xả y ra trướ c hiện tại)
No, I haven’t eaten sushi. (Khô ng, tô i chưa ă n sushi. – Trả lờ i cho hà nh độ ng trướ c hiện tạ i)
- Chú ý dấ u hiệu
4, Phâ n từ 2/ độ ng từ bấ t quy tắ c
C. PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Read the conversation and answer the questions
A helping hand

Reporter: Today on Global Citizen we interview Mai and Phuc from Hai Ba Trung School. Hi Mai, what do you
know about community service?
Mai: It’s the work you do for the benefits of the community.
Reporter: Exactly. Have you ever done volunteer work?
Mai: Yes, I’m a member of Be a study – a programme that helps street children. Last ear we provided evening
classes for fifty children.
Reporter: Wonderful! What else have you done?
Mai: We’ve asked people to donate books and clothes to the children.
Reporter: Wow, that certainly make a difference… And you Phuc, You’re from Go Green?
Phuc: Yes, it’s a non-profit organization that protects the environment. We’ ve encouraged people to recycle glass,
cans, and paper. We’ve cleaned streets and lakes…
Reporter: Did you start a community garden project last month?
Phuc: Oh yes, so far we’ ve planted…
a. Read the conversation again and tick(/) true (T) or false (F).
True False
1. Mai and Phuc work for the benefits of the community.  
2. Be a Buddy has collected books and clothes for street children.  
3. Be a Buddy has provided education for street children.  
4. Go Green is an environment business.  
5. Go Green has encouraged people to recycle rubbish.  
b. Read the conversation again. Answer the questions
1. What do you think the phrase ‘make a difference’ means?
2. Can you guess what Go Green does in their community garden project?
3. How do you think the community garden project ‘makes a difference’?
1._________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3._________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Exercise 2. Fill the gaps with the words in the box.
Donate/ volunteer/ community service/ make a difference/ homeless people
1. You are a _______ if you help other people willingly and without payment.
2. ______ are those who do not have a home and really need help.
3. She often ________ money to charitable organisations.
4. The activities that individuals organisations do to benefit a community are called _________
5. If you are trying to ________, you are trying to have a good effect on a person or situation.
 12

Exercise 3: Create word webs

Exercise 4: Read the following volunteer activities for teenagers in the United States and in Viet Nam
a, In the United States
 Tutor a younger child or provide homework help before or after school.
 Recycle things, and teach others how to do so.
 Plant trees in public areas where the whole neighbourhood can enjoy them.
 Donate blood.
 Talk and sing for the elderly at a nursing home.
 Make blankets for children who are very ill.
 Cook a meal at a shelter for homeless youths and families.
 Paint a mural over graffiti.
b, In Viet Nam
Volunteering to give information in bus stations and railway stations.
Offering coupons for free chicken noodle soup for the poor in Ha Noi.
Giving away warm clothes to homeless people in Ha Noi.
Offering meals at 5,000 VND for the poor in Quang Nam Province.
Tutoring children from poor families in Ho Chi Minh City.

Exercise 5:
Read the text about volunteer work in the United States.
In the United States, almost everyon, at one time or another, has been a volunteer. According to U.S government
statistics, about one-fifth of the American population does volunteer work each year. Americans have had the
tradition of volunteering and helping one another since the early days of the country.
Americans volunteer not because they are forced or paid to do it. They enjoy it! Traditional volunteer activities
include raising money for people in need, cooking and giving food, dong general lobour (such as clean-up projects
and home repair), providing transportation (such as giving rides to the elderly), and tutoring/mentoring young
people
(adapted from “Volunteering: An American Tradition” by Susan J. Ellis and Katherine H. Campbell in eJournal
USA: The Spririt of Volunteerism. U.S. Department of State, 2012)
 13

2. Decide if the folowing statements are true (T) or false (F)

T F
1. According to the text, nearly every American has done volunteer work in his or her life.
2. Every year almost one in five Americans works as a volunteer
3. Americans have been volunteering for less than 50 years.
4. Americans volunteer because they forced to do it.

3. Which of the activities below are traditional volunteer activities in the United States ? Tick (v) the boxes
T F
1. According to the text, nearly every American has done volunteer work in his or her life
2. Every year almost one in five Americans works as a volunteer.
3. Americans have been volunteering for less than 50 years.
4. Americans volunteer because they are forced to do it.

4. Idea bank: Fill in the table with your ideas for volunteer activities.
To raise money, we could … Make postcards and sell them
To provide food, we could Cook food and bring it to street children
To help repair things, we could …
To help people with transportation, we could …
To tutor young chidren, we could …
2. Read and write the words with the correct verbs

- Evening classes; food; the community; books

Education; homeless people; clothing; attention

1. donate

2. provide

3. help

Exercise 6. Put the phares in the box into suitable categories and tick (v) the one(s) you yourself do.
Helping the old Tidying up your room
Raising money for the poor Collecting stamps
Washing your hands before meals Eating a lot of fruit
Opening classes for street children Collecting rubbish in your area
Activities for
Yourself Your community
 14

REVIEW 1 SKILL
Exercise 1. Read the passage and choose the correct answer A,B, or C
What you choose makes what you are. Here are four things you can do to make you happy.
Enjoy adventures
Visit a new place, do a new thing, or talk to a new person. This bring you new knowledge and experience.
Laugh louder
Laughter makes you happy, and it has a magic power of making the hearer happy, too. Laughter is like medicine. It
makes people live longer.
Love others fully
Express your love more often. Don’t keep it to yourself. You might not know how much you can make yourself and
others happy by doing so.
Live positively
Remember that everybody has some valuable skills and abilities to contribute to life. Nobody is NOBODY. Learn to love
and respect yourself and others. You’ll feel happy.
1. What can you do to get more knowledge?
A. Visit a new place. B. Use your skills to contribute to life. C. Love people around you.
2. What can you do to live longer?
A. Take adventures. B. Laugh louder C. Live positively
3. How good is it if you have a positive attitude?
A. You can laugh more B. You can do more things. C. You can feel happy.
4. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To change people’s ideas about life B. To give some advice on how to live happily
C. To advise people to love others fully.
Exercise 2. Work in pairs. Interview each other to answer the questions. Then report the result to your class.
ARE YOU A COMMUNITY PERSON?
1. Do you know of community activities in your area?
2. Do you ever take part in a community activity?
3. Are the community authorities the only ones to solve the problems in the area?
4. Should everybody take part in solving the problems in the area?
5. Would you love to make abig contribution to your community?
Answer
1.______________________________________________________________________
2.______________________________________________________________________
3.______________________________________________________________________
4.______________________________________________________________________
5.______________________________________________________________________
Exercise 3. Make complete sentences from the prompts below
1. they/ water/ and/ take great care/ tree/ during/ first month.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. they/ carry/ recycled bags/ put/ rubbish/ in.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. community organize/ activity/ once a month.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. they/ walk/ along/ beach/ and/ collect/ all/ rubbish.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. activity/ be often done/ spring.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. they/ dig/ hole/ put/ young tree/ in.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 15

REVISION 02
I. PHONETICS
I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.
1. A. volunteer B. engineer C. committee D. clear
2. A. population B. volunteer C. offer D. provide
3. A. tutor B. volunteer C. computer D. community
4. A. certain B. compare C. encourage D. community
5. A. charity B. chemistry C. chemical D. mechanic
6. A. architect B. church C. children D. armchair
7. A. general B. garden C. go D. get
8. A. cancel B. ceiling C. calling D. cupboard
9. A. calorie B. carve C. collage D. centre
10. A. unique B. mosquito C. mosque D. question
II. Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from the others.
1. a. problem b. minute c. suppose d. dinner
2. a. noisy b. party c. social d. polite
3. a. restaurant b. assistance c. usually d. compliment
4. a. impolite b. exciting c. attention d. attracting
5. a. obvious b. probably c. finally d. approaching
6. a. waiter b. teacher c. slightly d. toward
7. a. general b. applicant c. usually d. October
8. a. parallel b. dependent c. educate d. primary
9. a. physical b. achievement c. government d. national
10. a. eleven b. history c. nursery d. different
II. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Circle the correct answer A, B, C, or D to complete each of the following sentences.
1. Ngoc_________eating fast food because it’s not good for her health.
A. likes B. hates C. loves. D. enjoys
2. Before moving to Ha Noi, my parents_________in Hai Phong.
A. have lived B. live C. have been living D. lived
3. We have lived here_________ten years ago.
A. since B. for C. in D. from
4. My mother cooked noodles for me_________I was hungry.
A. although B. but C. because D. and
5. We enjoy_________English.
A. studying B. to study C. study D. studied
6. My friend has decided to use______electricity by using more solar energy.
A. more B. much C. less. D. fewer
7. He_________a new car two months ago.
A. have bought B. buys C. is buying D. bought
8. Nam wants to lose weight, _________he began jogging last Sunday.
A. so B. or C. and D. but
9. My brother loves_________his bike to work.
A. rode B. rides C. riding D. rideing
10. He ate a lot of junk food, so he_________fat quickly.
A. gets B. getting C. has gotten D. got
 16

III. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct verb tense.

1. I (visit) our form teacher in the hospital already.
2. John (read) the letter from Mary already.
3. We (not begin) to learn for the test yet.
4. Our teacher (explain) to us how to use the printer already.
5. I (not see) your brother yet.
6. The postman (deliver) the letter half an hour ago.
7. Tom (call) his boss yesterday.
8. We (go) to that village to do volunteer work several times.
9. My pen isn’t here anymore. Someone (take) it already
10. I (hear) the good news from Mary a few minutes ago.
11. They (cook) in the kitchen at the moment.
12. He often (ride) a bike to school every morning.
13. They (birthday party) on next Monday.
IV. Give the correct form of word.
1 Hoa is the …….................................. student in her school. GOOD
2 The …......................… boys often play soccer. ENERGY.
3. Where’s the ……...........…… post office from here, Tam ? NEAR
4. Hoa has a pen pal from France and they write to each other…............……… . REGULAR
5. There are four ……….............…… in that pop music. MUSIC
6. I have ………..............… time to play than my friend. LITTLE
7. We take part in many different …...............……… at recess. ACT
8. English is an …………….........…… and important subject INTEREST.
9. In electronics they learn to repair ……………appliances. HOUSE
10. The most popular ……...............….. at recess is talking. ACT
11. Hoa is having a..........................check-up MEDICINE
12. In the countryside, people often know all the people in their ......................... NEIGHBOR
13. You must be careful when playing video games because they can be ….……. ADDICT
III. READING
VI. Read the passage and choose the best answer to each of the blanks.
PASSAGE 1. Your head aches and you sneeze and cough. Your nose is all stuffed up, and it keeps running, so you
have to blow it every few minutes. You know by these symptoms that you have a cold, and you feel completely
miserable. You are not sure if you ______ (1)through the day.
Everyone suffers _____(2) the common cold at some time or other. It isn’t a serious___(3), but over a billion
dollars a year is spent on different kinds of cold medicine every year. This medicine can relieve the symptoms.
That is, it can make you cough ___ (4), make your head less intense, and stop your nose ____ (5) for a while.
However, it can cure your cold. So far, ____(6) no cure for the common cold and no medicine to prevent it.
Although there is no cure or preventive medicine for colds, people have all kinds of ideas about _______
(7)to prevent and treat colds. Some people think that if you eat a lot of onions, you won’t catch cold. Others say
that you should avoid getting wet and chilled, ________ (8) you will catch cold. However, this is apparently not so.
1. A. lived B. will live C. are live D. have lived
2. A. from B. of C. with D. about
3. A. misery B. illness C. headache D. wrong
4. A. less B. fewer C. much D. more
5. A. walking B. jogging C. running D. flowing
6. A. it is B. there is C. they are D. there are
7. A. what B. why C. where D. how
8. A. and B. so C. or D. but
 17

PASSAGE 2. Today, more and more people are learning about the importance of having a clean __________ (1) and
teeth. When we eat, our teeth can collect food. If we __________ (2) clean our teeth, the food collects between them.
This food can start to rot, or __________ (3). Soon the food starts to create bacteria. Bacteria can destroy our teeth
and our gums, the skin surrounding our teeth. This can cause a lot of ___________ (4). Bacteria may change the
colour of teeth. Some people’s teeth can _________ (5) yellow or black. Other people can even start to lose ___________
(6)! And gums can become painful and bleed. Having bad teeth can reduce quality of life.
1. A. mouth B. nose C. ears D. eyes
2. A. does not B. doesn’t C. do not D. do
3. A. go well B. decayed C. get well D. decay
4. A. paint B. pain C. painful D. paints
5. A. turn B. make C. makes D. colours
6. A. his B. our C. your D. their
IV. WRITING
Rewrite each of the sentences below in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed
before. Begin the sentences with the words or phrase given:
1. I feel tired. I feel weak. (and)
- I__________________________________________________________
2. He didn’t wear enough warm clothes. He’s had a cold for two days. (because)
- He________________________________________________________
3. I am interested in reading books. (enjoy)
- I_________________________________________________________
4. I last wrote to him five years ago. (for)
- I have_____________________________________________________
V. Use the given words to make sentences.
1. She / at home / yesterday/ because / sick.
.......................................................................................................................................................
2. There / be / post office / here / ?
......................................................................................................................................................
3. Could / tell / how / get / supermarket / please / ?
.......................................................................................................................................................
4. It / difficult / find / apartment / big cities.
.......................................................................................................................................................
5. Teenagers / prefer / listen / lastest pop music / to / folk music.
.......................................................................................................................................................
6. you / better / eat / too / candies / because / they / not good / your teeth
.......................................................................................................................................................
7. Hoa / measure / height / weigh / the scale / the moment.
.......................................................................................................................................................
8. Mr.Lam / now wear / face mask / protect him / breathe / dust
.......................................................................................................................................................
9. last year / brother / work / engineer / printing factory.
.......................................................................................................................................................
10. this morning / I / eat / bread / and / drink milk / breakfast.
.......................................................................................................................................................
VII. Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to fill each blank in the following passage.
Coin collecting is one of the most popular hobbies in the world. Most coin (1)………….enjoy trying to have a
complete set of a country’s coins. Some people collect coins for pleasure; (2)……………collect coins in order to sell
them later. From coins, we can also (3)……..something about certain famous people and events in a country’s (4)
……………Many beginning collector go to the bank and buy coins. Then they (5)………..coins for their collection.
1. A. collectors B. collecting C. collected D. collections
2. A. another B. other C. others D. the other
3. A. teach B. learn C. give D. offer
4. A. history B. nature C. science D. geography
5. A. look B. see C. watch D. find
 18

Unit 4 MUSIC AND ARTS

A. VOCABULARY
1. anthem / 'ænθəm / (n) : quố c ca
2. atmosphere / 'ætməsfɪər / (n) : khô ng khí, mô i trườ ng
3. compose / kəm'pəʊz / (v) : soạ n, biên soạ n
4. composer / kəm'pəʊzər / (n) : nhà soạ n nhạc, nhạc sĩ
5. control / kən'trəʊl / (v) : điều khiển
6. core subject / kɔːr 'sʌbdʒekt / (n) : mô n họ c cơ bả n
7. country music / 'kʌntri 'mju:zɪk / (n) : nhạ c đồ ng quê
8. curriculum / kə'rɪkjʊləm / (n) : chương trình họ c
9. folk music / fəʊk 'mju:zɪk / (n) : nhạ c dâ n gian
10. non-essential / nɒn-ɪˈsenʃəl / (adj) : khô ng cơ bả n
11. opera / 'ɒpərə / (n) : vở nhạc kịch
12. originate / ə'rɪdʒɪneɪt / (v) : bắ t nguồ n
13. perform / pə'fɔːm / (n) : biểu diễn
14. performance / pə'fɔːməns / (n) : sự trình diễn, buổ i biểu diễn
15. photography / fə'tɒɡrəfi / (n) : nhiếp ả nh
16. puppet / 'pʌpɪt / (n) : con rố i
17. rural / 'rʊərəl / (adj) : thuộ c nô ng thô n, thô n quê
18. sculpture / 'skʌlptʃər / (n) : điêu khắc, tá c phẩm điêu khắc
19. support /sə'pɔ:t/ (v) : nâ ng đỡ
20. Tick Tac Toe / tɪk tæk təʊ / (n) : trò chơi cờ ca-rô
21. water puppetry / 'wɔːtər 'pʌpɪtrɪ / (n) : mú a rố i nướ c
B. READING
I. Read and do the task
Nick: Hi Duong. How are things?
Duong: Good. Oh, have you visited the Crazy Paint art gallery recently?
Nick: No, I haven’t. I heard that it’s not as good as it was before.
Duong: Oh no! It’s great! I went there last weekend. The paintings are excellent! So what shall we do this
weekend?
Nick: Let me see. The La La La are playing at the Young Club, let’s go.
Duong: But we can watch the concert live on TV.
Nick: Oh, come on! It’s quite different to be there in person – the musicians, the crowd, the colorful
lights, the atmosphere… it will be fantastic!
Duong: I don’t like so much noise, Nick. Loud pop music really isn’t my thing.
Nick: Come on, Duong. It will be exciting!
Duong: How about going to the cinema? I like films.
Nick: Me too. Ok, we can go to the cinema if I get to choose the film.
a. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)?
T F
1. Duong and Nick are making plans for their weekend.
2. The art gallery isn’t as good as before.
3. Nick likes pop music.
4. Duong wants to be at the pop concert.
5. Nick will let Duong choose the film.
b. Finish the following sentences by writing one word / phrase from the conversation
1. Crazy Paint art gallery is ………………………… before.
2. Duong says it is very noisy at……………………. pop concerts.
3. Nick thinks pop concerts are ……………………………
4. Nick says it’s more exciting to be at pop concerts ……………………………
5. Duong and Nick have decided to go to the ………………………..
II. Read and answer the questions
WATER PUPPETRY
Have you ever seen a water puppet show? It is so special and fantastic. It’s a unique Vietnamese tradition.
Children love the performances, and tourists who come to Viet Nam greatly enjoy this kind of art.
 19

Water puppetry (Mú a rố i nướ c) is a traditional art form. It began in the 11 th century. It originated in the villages of
the Red River Delta of North Viet Nam. The show is performed in a pool. The puppets are supported by strings
under the water and controlled by the puppeteers behind a screen, so they appear to be moving on the water. The
puppets are made of wood and then painted.
The themes of the puppet shows are rural: the performances show everyday life in the countryside and folk tales.
There are stories about rice farming, fishing and Vietnamese village festivals.
1. When did water puppetry begin?
…………………………………………………………………………………
2. Where does a water puppet show take place?
………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Who are the puppets controlled by?
……………………………………………………………………………….
4. What are the puppets made of?
……………………………………………………………………………….
5. What are water puppet shows normally about?
………………………………………………………………………………..
C. GRAMMAR
1. So sánh:
a. as………………….as để diễn tả hai vật như nhau, bằng nhau
S + V + as + adj/adv + as + N/pronoun
S + V + not + so/as + adj/adv + N/Pronoun (không bằng nhau, kém)
Ex: 
+She is as stupid as I/me
+This boy is as tall as that once.
+ Population of Ho Chi Minh city isn't as much as that of Bangkok.
b. So sánh sử dụng the same as, like và different from
 + like: được dùng để diễn đạt sự giống nhau . Sau like là là một danh từ hoặc đại từ.
Eg. You should have done it like this.
Eg. He ran like the wind.
Eg. What a beautiful house! It’s like a palace.
+ the same as: được dùng để diễn đạt sự đồng nhất.
Eg. The shirt on the shelf is the same as the one in the window.
Eg. You’ve got the same idea as me.
Eg. Her hair isn’t the same color as her mother’s.
Eg. Tom is the same age as Goerge.
+ different from: được dùng diễn đạt sự khác nhau.
Eg. She is very different from her sister.
Eg. The new school isn’t much different from the old one.
Lưu ý:
– Ta dù ng as (khô ng phả i like) trướ c chủ ngữ + độ ng từ
Eg: I left everything as I found it.
Eg. They did as they promised. (Họ là m đú ng như họ đã hứ a.)
– Để ý rằ ng ta nó i as usual/ as always.
Eg. You’re late as usual.
– As cũ ng có khi là mộ t giớ i từ .
Eg. A few years ago I worked as a bus driver. (khô ng nó i ‘like a bus driver’)
2. Câu đồng tình (phụ họa): so / too, either /neither
a. Đồng tình có: so/ too = cũng thế
- Khi muố n nó i mộ t ngườ i hoặ c vậ t nà o đó làm mộ t việc gì đó và mộ t ngườ i, vậ t khá c cũ ng làm mộ t việc như vậ y,
ngườ i ta dù ng “so” hoặc “too”. Để tránh phải lặp lại các từ của câu trước, người ta dùng liên từ “and” và
thêm một câu đơn giản (phụ họa) có sử dụng “so” và “too”, “ so” – đảo trợ động từ hoặc to be.
Eg: John went to the mountains on his vacation, and we did too.
= John went to the mountains on his vacation, and so did we.
Eg: She is a student, and I am too.
= She is a student, and so am I.
 20

b. Đồng tình không : either/ neither

-“Either” và “ neither” dù ng trong câ u phủ định và để đồ ng tình vớ i mộ t điều phủ định trướ c đó . “Either” cũ ng
đứ ng ở cuố i câ u và trong câu đồ ng tình rú t gọ n chú ng ta cầ n sử dụ ng các trợ độ ng từ ở dạ ng phủ định. Câ u có
“either” ở dạ ng phủ định, có “neither” ở dạ ng khẳ ng định.
Eg. My sister doesn't know the name of that singer, and I don't know either.
= My sister doesn’t know the name of that singer, and neither do I.
Eg: John wasn’t at home yesterday, and his brother was either.
= John wasn’t at home yesterday, and neither was his brother
D. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR PRACTICE
Exericse 1: Put these letters in order to make musical instruments.
1. rmud ……………… 2. noaip ………………
3. lloec ……………… 4. trauig ………………
5. linvoi ……………… 6. xohonepas ………………
Exercise 2: Put one of these words in each blank to finish the sentences.
singer draw instrument painter puppet pop
1. My father’s friend is a great ______________.
2. _________ music is not as exciting as rock and roll.
3. The _________ I like most is Karen Carpenter.
4. I like to _____________ cartoons.
5. Many tourists to Viet Nam come to see the water ______________ show.
6. In Viet Nam, the Dan Bau is a traditional musical _________.
5 Listen and repeat. Pay attention to the sounds /ʃ/ and /ʒ/.
/ʃ/: condition ocean shy sugar machine
/ʒ/: measure pleasure usual vision television
Exercise 3: Listen to the words and put them into two groups.
anxious closure musician dishwasher occasion leisure television rubbish
/ʃ/ /ʒ/

Listen and repeat the sentences. Underline the words with the sound /ʃ/ once. Underline the words with the
sound /ʒ/ twice.
1. Can you show me the new machine?
2. They sing the song 'Auld Lang Syne' on some occasions.
3. The musician is very anxious about the next performance.
4. She wanted to share her pleasure with other people.
5. The new cinema is opposite the bus station.
6. Are you sure this is an interesting television programme?
Exercise 4: Put as, or from in the gaps.
Classical music is not as exciting as rock and roll. The price of food is the same as it was last year. City life is quite
different from life in the country
1. The music festival this year is as good ______ it was last year.
2. The concert will be broadcast 'live': that means it comes on TV at the same time ______ it is performed.
3. This camera is not as expensive ______ I thought at first.
4. Your taste in art is quite diff erent ______ mine.
5. Some people say that Spider-Man 2 is as boring __________ Spider-Man 1.
6. My mother is always as busy ______ a bee
Exercise 5: Put one of these phrases in each gap in the passage.
friendly as different from the same as as quiet as as narrow as
 21

MY HOMETOWN TODAY
My hometown has changed a lot – it’s defi nitely not (1) ____________________ it was before. It’s not (2) ________________
it was 5 years ago. It’s much more noisy, but I prefer it now. There are more shops and restaurants. The
restaurants are (3) _____________ the ones we had before. Now we can eat many diff erent kinds of food – Italian,
French, and even Mexican! There have been so many changes. Even the streets are not (4) ____________ they were
before. They are wider now to make space for the extra traffi c. One thing hasn’t changed though. The people here
are as warm and (5) _______________ before. That’s one thing that’s (6) ___________ it was before.
Exercise 6: Complete the following sentences with ‘too’ or ‘either’.
1. My friend likes photography, and I like it ______.
2. My mother doesn’t enjoy horror fi lms, and my sister doesn’t ______.
3. I was not allowed to go to the show, and my classmates were not ______.
4. I love country music, and I like rock and roll ______.
5. When I finish painting my room, I’ll do the kitchen ______.
Exercise 7: Put a word from the box in each gap to complete the passage.
arts stages films music go
Glastonbury is the largest performing arts festival in the world. It is organised every year in the village of Pilton,
near Glastonbury, Somerset, England. It is well-known for its contemporary (1) __________. It’s also known for
dance, comedy, theatre, circus, and other performing (2) ________ too.
The first festival was held in the 1970s. Since then, it has taken place almost every year and has grown in size.
Different (3) ________ are arranged for the performances. The festival takes place for three or four days in the open
air. All kinds of people from all over the world (4) ________ to the Glastonbury festival. It is now attended by about
150,000 people. The festival has also produced (5) ___________ and albums.
Exercise 8: Put the words/phrases from the box in the gaps to complete the sentences.
artistic sung art gallery in person films
1. You can see many interesting portraits in that _________.
2. My friend is very good at drawing things, but I am not as _________ as he is.
3. _________ usually have more than one actor.
4. I love to watch music _________, not on TV.
5. Do you know that the most _________ song in the world is Happy Birthday?
Exercise 9: Rewrite these sentences, using the words in brackets.
Example:
Plays are usually longer than fi lms. (not as … as) → Films are usually not as long as plays.
1. The painting is bigger than the photograph. (not as … as)
→ _______________________________________.
2. This painting is more expensive than my painting. (not as … as)
→ _______________________________________.
3. This picture is the same as the picture in our room. (not diff erent from)
→ _______________________________________.
4. This fi lm is more interesting than the one we saw last week. (not as … as)
→ _______________________________________.
5. The journey was shorter than we thought at fi rst. (not as … as)
→ _______________________________________.
D. PRACTICE
Exercise1. Complete the following sentences with “ too” or “ either”.
1. My friend likes photography, and I like it………………………………
2. My mother doesn’t enjoy horror films, and my sister doesn’t……………………..
3. I was not allowed to go to the show, and my classmates were not………………..
4. I love country music, and I like rock and roll………………………….
5. When I finish painting my room, I’ll do the kitchen…………….
6. Teenagers in Korea listen to K-pop, and those in Viet Nam do _________.
7. These photos are not clear, and those aren’t _________.
8. I never watch horror fi lms and my brother doesn’t _________.
 22

9. Peter studies music at school, and Alice does ____________.

10. Duong is interested in reading books, and Chau is ____________.
Exercise 2. Rewrite the sentences, using the words in brackets.
a. The painting is bigger than the photograph. (not as…………..as)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. This painting is more expensive than my painting. (not as……………as)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c. This picture is the same as the picture in our room. ( not different from)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d. This film is more interesting than the one we saw last week. (not as…………..as)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
e. The journey was shorter than we thought at first. (not as ………………..as)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
f. The hotel in New York was better than the hotel in California.(not as ………………..as)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
g. French is easier than German.(not as ………………..as)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
k. Rick is friendlier than Glenn.(not as ………………..as)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
l. Indonesia is hotter than Viet Nam.(not as ………………..as)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
m. Football is more exciting than volleyball.(not as ………………..as)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 3. Put one of these phrases in each gap in the passage.
friendly as different from the same as (2) as quiet as as nervous as

MY HOMETOWN TODAY
My hometown has changed a lot – It’s definitely not (1)…………………………it was before. It’s not (2)
……………………….it was 5 years ago It’s much more noisy, but prefer it now. There are more shops and restaurants.
The restaurants are (3)……………………the ones we had before. Now we can eat many different kinds of food –
Italian, French, and even Mexican!
There have been so many changes. Even the streets are not (4)………………they were before. They are wider now to
make space for the extra traffic.
One thing hasn’t changed through. The people here are as warm and (5)…………………before. That’s one thing that’s
(6)…………………….it was before.
Exercise 4. Complete the following text, using the words in the box.
drums rap India hands weddings trousers
Bhangra is from (1) and Pakistan. People traditionally played the music at harvest time and
also to celebrate New Year and (2) _. The most traditional instrument is a type of (3)
_. Many modern pop artist mix Bhangra with hip hop and (4) _______________________________. The
dancers in Ayesha’s class learn the dance steps and how to move their (5) _. Women wear
colorful clothes including a shirt, (6) and a kind of scarf.
Exercise 5. Put one of these words in each blank to finish the sentences.
singer draw instrument painter puppet pop
1. My father’s friend is a great…………………………………
2. ………………………..music is not as exciting as rock and roll.
3. The ………………………….I like most is Karen Carpenter.
4. I like to……………………….cartoons.
5. Many tourists to Viet Nam come to see the water………………………..show.
6. In Viet Nam, the Dan Bau is a traditional music.
Unit 5. VIETNAMESE FOOD AND DRINK
A. VOCABULARY
 23

1. beat / bi:t / (v) : khuấ y trộ n, đá nh trộ n

2. beef / bi:f / (n) : thịt bò
3. bitter / 'bɪtə / (adj) : đắ ng
4. broth / brɒθ / (n) : nướ c canh
5. delicious / dɪˈlɪʃəs / (adj) : ngon, thơm ngon
6. eel / i:l / (n) : con lươn
7. flour / flaʊə / (n) : bộ t
8. fold / fəʊld / (n) : gấ p, gậ p
9. fragrant / 'freɪɡrənt / (adj) : thơm, thơm phứ c
10. green tea / ,ɡri:n 'ti: / (n) : chè xanh
11. ham / hæm / (n) : giă m bô ng
12. noodles / 'nu:dlz / (n) : mì, bú n, bá nh đá, phở
13. omelette / 'ɒmlət, 'ɒmlɪt / (n) : trứ ng trá ng
14. pancake / 'pænkeɪk / (n) : bá nh kếp
15. pepper / 'pepər / (n) : hạ t tiêu
16. pork / pɔːk / (n) : thịt lợ n
17. pour / pɔː / (v) : ró t, đổ
18. recipe / 'resɪpi / (n : cô ng thứ c là m mó n ă n
19. salt / 'sɔːlt / (n) : muố i
20. salty / 'sɔːlti / (adj) : mặ n, có nhiều muố i
21. sandwich / 'sænwɪdʒ / (n) : bá nh sandwich
22. sauce / sɔːs / (n) : nướ c xố t
23. sausage / 'sɒsɪdʒ / (n) : xú c xích
24. serve / sɜːv / (v) : mú c, xớ i, gắ p ra để ă n
25. shrimp / ʃrɪmp / (n) : con tô m
26. slice / slaɪs / (n) : miếng mỏ ng, lá t mỏ ng
27. soup / su:p / (n) : sú p, canh, chá o
28. sour / saʊər / (adj) : chua
29. spicy / 'spaɪsi / (adj) : cay, nồ ng
30. spring rolls / sprɪŋ rəʊlz / (n) : nem rá n
31. sweet / swi:t / (adj) : ngọ t
32. sweet soup / swi:t su:p / (n) : chè
33. tasty / 'teɪsti / (adj) : đầ y hương vị, ngon
34. tofu / 'təʊfu: / (n) : đậu phụ
35. tuna / 'tju:nə / (n) : cá ngừ
36. turmeric / 'tɜːmərɪk / (n) : củ nghệ
37. warm / wɔːm / (v) : hâ m nó ng
B. READING
1. Read the conversation again and answer the questions.
Phong’s mum: Dad and I are going to the opera tonight and we won’t be home until 9 p.m. You’ll have to eat
dinner alone. There’s some food for you in the fridge.
Phong: Ok. Like what, Mum?
Phong’s mum: Some meat with tofu and some fried vegetables. I’m afraid there isn’t any bread left, but you can
have noodles instead.
Phong: Er, but I usually have rice, Mum.
Phong’s mum: There’s some rice left from lunch. Just warm it up.
Phong: All right, Mum. What is there to drink?
Phong’s mum: There’s milk, juice, or mineral water.
Phong: How much milk is there?
Phong’s mum: Oh, I forgot……There isn’t any milk left. I’ll buy some tomorrow. You can have some orange
juice instead. How many cartons do you want?
Phong: One……No, wait, two please.
a. Why must Phong eat dinner alone?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b. How much rice is left?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 24

c. What should Phong do with the rice?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
d. What will Phong’s mother buy tomorrow?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
e. What can Phong drink instead of milk?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Read the passage and answer the questions.
PHO- A POPULAR DISH IN HANOI
Among the many special dishes in Ha Noi, Pho is the most popular. It is a special kind of Vietnamese soup. We can
enjoy Pho for all kinds of meals during the day, from breakfast to dinner, and even for a late night snack. Pho has a
very special taste. The rice noodles are made from the best variety of rice. The broth for Pho bo (beef noodle soup)
is made by stewing the bones of cows for a long time in a large pot. The broth for another kind of Pho, Pho ga
(chicken noodle soup) is made by stewing chicken bones. The chicken meat served with Pho ga boneless and cut
into thin slices…It’s so delicious! Tell me about a popular dish where you live?
a. Where can we enjoy Pho?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b. What are the noodles made from?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
c. How is the broth for Pho bo (beef noodle soup) and Pho ga (chicken noodle soup) made?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
d. How is the chicken meat served with Pho ga?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
C. GRAMMAR
I. Danh từ đếm được (countable N) và không đếm được (uncountable N)
1. Danh từ không đếm được: Là nhữ ng N khô ng thể đem ra câ n, đo, đong, đếm đượ c
Eg. Water, sugar, milk, soap, bread, time, tea, meat, money, coffee, beef, chocolate
2. Danh từ đếm được (countable N) Là nhữ ng N có thể đem ra câ n, đo, đong, đếm đượ c bằ ng chiếc, cái, con…
- N đếm đượ c số ít (singular N): a/ an + N: a book, an apple….
- N đếm đượ c số nhiều (plural N): Ns/ es: pens, books, apples…….
* Nguyên tắc đổi sang số nhiều
- Thô ng thườ ng ta thêm “s” và o sau danh từ số it để thà nh danh từ số nhiều.
Eg: chair - chairs; girl - girls; dog – dogs
- Ngoại từ các trường hợp sau:
+ Nhữ ng danh từ tậ n cù ng bằ ng O, X, S, Z, CH, SH Z lấ y thêm ES ở số nhiều.
Eg: potato - potatoes ; box - boxes ; bus - buses ; buzz - buzzes ; watch - watches ; dish - dishes
Ngoại lệ:
Eg: cuckoos, cameos, bamboos, curios, studios, radios
pianos, photos, dynamo, , kilos, , solos
- Nhữ ng danh từ tậ n cù ng bằ ng : Y mà trướ c nó là phụ âm thì chuyển Y thà nh i + ES. (trướ c nó là nguyên âm
thì thêm s bình thườ ng)
Eg: lady - ladies; story - stories
- Nhữ ng danh từ tậ n cù ng bằ ng F hay FE thì chuyển thà nh VES ở số nhiều.
Eg: leaf - leaves, knife - knives
* Lưu ý:
- Một số danh từ có hình thức số nhiều bất qui tắc:
   Ví dụ :     child ⇾ children                                          foot ⇾ feet
                   goose ⇾ geese                                             man ⇾ men                                                 
mouse ⇾ mice tooth ⇾ teeth               
    woman ⇾ women
- Một số dạng số ít và số nhiều không thay đổi
              sheep ⇾ sheep   
deer ⇾ deer                                        
II. Article ( Mạo từ):
1. Mạo từ bất định : « a/an »
- Dù ng trướ c N đếm đượ c số ít khi N đó chưa xác định.
 25

- “an” đượ c dù ng vớ i N bắ t đầu bở i nguyên âm (u, e, o, a, I ). Cò n lại dù ng “a”

Eg: a book, a pen, an apple
Chú ý:
+ Dù ng a, hay an că n cứ và o cách phá t âm chứ khô ng că n cứ và o cá ch đá nh vầ n
+ Khô ng dù ng a, an trướ c N khô ng đếm đượ c
2. Mạo từ xác định “The”
- Đượ c dù ng trướ c N chỉ ngườ i, vậ t đã xác định nghĩa là cả ngườ i nó i và ngườ i nghe đều biết đến đố i tượ ng đượ c
đề cậ p tớ i, hoặ c N đó đã đượ c nhắc ở câ u trướ c
Eg: I bought a book. The book is written by Nguyen Du
- Dù ng the trướ c N chỉ sự duy nhấ t
Eg: The earth, the sun….
- Dù ng the trướ c 1 adj để tạ o thà nh N tậ p hợ p
Eg: the poor, the blind
- Dù ng the trướ c tên riêng số nhiều để chỉ sự cả gia đình hay dò ng họ
Eg: The Browns, the Johns…….
- Dù ng the trướ c dâ n tộ c.
Eg: The Dutch……….
- Dù ng the trướ c sô ng, dã y nú i, đạ i dương,biển
Eg: The red river, the red sea…….
- Dù ng “the” trướ c cá c quố c gia
Eg: the United State…… The phillippines, the Central Africal Republic…
- Dù ng the trướ c các dụ ng cụ âm nhạc
Eg: the piano, the guitar
III. Từ chỉ số lượng : some / any / many / much
Với danh từ đếm được Với danh từ không đếm được
- some/any (mộ t và i) - some/any (mộ t ít)
- many (nhiều) - much (nhiều)
- a large number of (nhiều) - a large amount of (nhiều)
- a great number of (nhiều) - a great deal of (nhiều)
- plenty of (nhiều) - plenty of (nhiều)
- a lot of/ lots of (nhiều) - a lot of/ lots of (nhiều)
- few/ a few (ít/ mộ t vài) - little/ a little (ít/ mộ t ít)
- every/ each (mỗ i)
- several (mộ t số )
IV. How much / how many
a. How much : số lượng + giá
-"How much" đượ c dù ng khi bạ n muố n hỏ i về số lượng của danh từ không đếm được.
Eg. How much time do we have to finish the test? (Chú ng ta có bao nhiêu thờ i gian để hoà n thà nh bà i kiểm tra?)
Eg. How much money did you spend? (Em đã tiêu hết bao nhiêu tiền?)
- Nếu độ ng từ cầ n dù ng là "be" thì bạ n luô n dù ng ở dạ ng ở số ít (singular), chẳ ng hạ n "is", "was".
- "How much" khi muố n hỏi giá thứ gì đó , á p dụ ng vớ i cả danh từ đếm đượ c.
Eg. How much is that painting? (Bứ c tranh kia giá bao nhiêu?)
Eg. How much are those shoes? (Đô i già y nà y giá bao nhiêu?)
b. How many : bao nhiêu
-"How many" đượ c dù ng khi bạ n muố n hỏ i về số lượng của danh từ đếm được, danh từ đứ ng sau How many
luô n là số nhiều. "How many + danh từ số nhiều".
Eg. How many tables are there in the kitchen room? There is one.
Eg. How many stools are there in the kitchen room? There are six.
D. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR PRACTICE
Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with some or any.
a. There aren’t ………………….eggs in the fridge.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b. Would you like ………………….coffee?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
c. Is there ……………………….orange juice in the fridge?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 26

d. She has got……………………..eggs but she hasn’t got ……………..milk.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
e. I went fishing but I din’t catch…………………fish, so we had…………………..bread for dinner.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Exercise 2. Complete the following passage with A, AN, SOME, ANY, ANYTHING.
My mother and my father is going to the opera. I am going to cook ……………….. meal. I have ………………… rice but I
do not have ………………… beef. I need………………….. cooking oil and …………………. eggs. In the fridge, I have orange
juice and very apples. That is all. I do not need …………………. else.
Exercise 3. Fill each blank with How many and How much.
1…………………….. beef do you want for dinner?
2……………………... book do you want buy?
3. ...........................languages do you speak?
4. …………………soda does she want?
5. …………………….is a kilo of rice?
6…………………… pencil in this box?
Exercise 4. Make questions with How many/ how much for the underlined words in the following
sentences.
a. There is some milk in the bottle.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b. I need three cans of lemonade.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
c. Peter has got three apples in his bag.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
d. There is some rice left in the electric cooker.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
e. She has bought ten bottles of orange juice from the supermarket.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Exercise 5. Put the verb phrases about food and drink in the correct column.
Sandwich, fish, mineral water, orange juice, pork, green tea, milk, coffee,
pizza, milk, chicken, beef.

Food:……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Drink:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Exercise 6. Choose sentences (A-D) to complete the following conversation.
A. Then, stir the rice

B. When the water boils, put in the rice and let it boil for another five minutes.

C. Cook the rice over low heat for fifteen minutes before you serve it.

Phong: Can you tell how to cook rice, please? What should I do first?
Mi: (1)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Phong: What should I do when the water boils?
Mi: (2)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Phong: And then?
Mi: (3)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Phong: OK, after that?
Mi: (4)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Phong: Ah, yes. Thank you.
Exercise 7. Rearrange the words to make meanings full sentences.
 27

1. What/ favourite/ food/ your/is/?

………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
2. What/Vietnamese/do/food/like/you/ best/?
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
3. How much/ does/ Lan/ cooking oil/ want/?
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
4. You/ eat more/ good/ your/health/ should/It is/vegetables/ for/.
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
5. Vietnamese people/ three meal/often/a day/have/.
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
Exercise 8: Complete the questions with “How much” or “How many”
1. ________________text messages do you send a day?
2. _______________money have you got in your pocket?
3. _____________sleep do you get a night?
4. _____________time is there to the end of the lesson?
5. _____________cousins have you got?
6. ______________packets of biscuits do you eat a week?
7. ____________people are there in this classroom?
8. __________________homework do you do a day?
Exercise 9: Look at the pictures and complete the instructions with the verbs in the box.
heat pour fold beat serve
1. ______ the eggs together with salt and pepper.
2. ______ the frying pan over a high heat and add cooking oil.
3. _________ the egg mixture into the pan.
4. ______ the omelette in half.
5. ______ with some vegetables.
Exercise 10: Make questions with How many/How much for the underlined words in the following
sentences.
1. Ann has got three oranges.
How many oranges has Ann got?
2. There is some milk in the bottle.
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
3. I need three cans of lemonade.
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
4. Peter has got three apples in his bag.
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
5. There is some rice left in the electric cooker.
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
Exercise 11: Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. Then reorder the sentences to give the
instructions on how to make a pancake
1. together/Beat the eggs/with sugar, fl our and milk
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
2. at a time/into the pan/Pour ¼ cup of the mixture
 28

………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
3. over a medium heat/Heat the oil/in a frying pan
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
4. until/ golden/Cook
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
5. with some vegetables/Serve/the pancake
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
Exericse 12: Put the following nouns in the correct columns. Some may fi t in both categories.
Salt omelette flour spring rolls pancake pepper beef noodle soup pork cooking oil
noodles turmeric sandwich
Dishes Ingredients

Pronunciation /ɒ/ and /ɔ:

Exercise 13: Listen and repeat the words. Pay attention to the sounds /ɒ/ and / ɔ:/.
soft pork salt hot bottle pot fork sport sauce rod
/ɒ/ / ɔ:/.

Fill the blanks with a/an, some, or any in the following conversation.
Mi: Let’s have dinner.
Phong: Good idea! Is there (1)______ rice?
Mi: No, there isn’t, but there are (2)______ noodles.
Phong: OK. Let’s have noodles with (3)______ beef or pork.
Mi: Ah, there’s a problem.
Phong: What is it?
Mi: There isn’t (4)_____ beef or pork left.
Phong: Oh, I have (5)______ cheese sandwich and (6)_____ apple in my bag.
Mi: That’s not enough for both of us, Phong!
Exercise 14: Fill each blank with How many or How much.
1. ______ apples are there in the fridge?
2. ______ pepper do you want?
3. ______ bananas are there on the table?
4. ______ sandwiches are there in your bag?
5. ______ water is there in the bottle?
Exercise 15: Write the sentence as example
Example:
milk/drink/every morning
How much milk do you drink every morning?
1. water/drink/every day?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. rice/eat/for dinner?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. vegetables/eat/every day?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. apples/eat/every day?
 29

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Exercise 16. Complete the sentence of how to cook an omelette.
RECIPE FOR AN OMELETTE
Instructions
1. First, beat ___________________________________________________________________________________.
2. Then, heat ___________________________________________________________________________________.
3. Next, pour ___________________________________________________________________________________.
4. After that, fold ______________________________________________________________________________.
5. Finally, put __________________________________________________________________________________.
Use the phrases in this box to complete the above instructions.
a. the egg mixture into the pan and cook for two minutes.
b. the omelette in half.
c. the omelette on a plate and serve it with some vegetables.
d. eggs together with salt, pepper, and cold water.
e. the oil over high heat in a frying pan.

Exercise 17: Make notes about some popular food or drink in your neighbourhood.
Name of the foods or drink Ingredients How to make them

Exercise 18: Write a paragraph about popular foods or drinks in your neighbourhood. Choose one or
more. Use the information in 3, and Phong’s blog, as a model.

Remember!
Make your writing complete! Try to answer Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How, to help you in your writing
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………........................................................................................................

Unit 6 THE FIRST UNIVERSITY IN VIET NAM

A. VOCABULARY
1. build / bɪld / (v) : xâ y dự ng
 30

2. consider / kən'sɪdər / (v) : coi như

3. consist of / kən'sist əv / (v) : bao hàm/gồ m
4. construct / kən'strʌkt / (v) : xâ y dự ng
5. doctor’s stone tablet / 'dɒktərz stəʊn 'tæblət / (n) : bia tiến sĩ
6. erect / i´rekt / (v) : xâ y dự ng lên, dự ng lên
7. found / faʊnd / (v) : thà nh lậ p
8. grow / grəʊ / (v) : trồ ng, mọ c
9. Imperial Academy / ɪm'pɪəriəl ə'kædəmi / (n) : Quố c Tử Giám
10. Khue Van Pavilion / 'pəvɪljən / (n) : Khuê Vă n Các
11. locate / ləʊˈkeɪt / (v) : đó ng, đặ t, để ở mộ t vị trí
12. pagoda / pə'ɡəʊdə / (n) : chù a
13. recognise / 'rekəgnaiz / (v) : chấ p nhậ n, thừ a nhậ n
14. regard / rɪˈɡɑːd / (v) : đá nh giá
15. relic / 'relɪk / (n) : di tích
16. site / saɪt / (n) : địa điểm
17. statue / 'stætʃu: / (n) : tượ ng
18. surround / sә'raʊnd / (v) : bao quanh, vâ y quanh
19. take care of / teɪ keər əv / (v) : trô ng nom, chăm só c
20. Temple of Literature / ’templ əv 'lɪtərɪtʃə / (n) : Vă n Miếu
21. World Heritage / wɜːld 'herɪtɪdʒ / (n) : Di sả n thế giớ i
22. university /ˌjuː.nɪˈvɜː.sə.ti/ (n) : trườ ng đạ i họ c
23. contain /kənˈteɪn/ (v) : chứ a
24. had better (m) : nên

B. READING
1. Read the conversation and do the tasks below
Mai’s mum : What are you doing, Mai?
Mai : I’m preparing for a trip to the Temple of Literature and Imperial Academy.
Mai’s mum : Oh, I see.
Mai : Of course, Mum.
Mai’s mum : Do you know that it was started in the 11th century? The Imperial Academy is considered the first
university in Viet Nam.
Mai : Yeah, we learned about that in school. Mum, this is the list of things I plan to take with me.
Mai’s mum : Let me have a look . …. You definitely don’t need an umbrella. It’s Winter and there’s not much
rain.
Mai : Will it be cold?
Mai’s mum : Yes, it’s a good idea to take warm clothes.
Mai : I see.
Mai’s mum : The Temple of Literature is a beautiful place. It’s surrounded by trees and contains many
interesting things. You’d better take the camera.
Mai : I will, mum
a. Read the conversation again and answer the questions.
1. What is Mai going to visit?
………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What is the Imperial Academy?
………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. When was it founded?
………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Where is it located?
………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Why is Mai going to take warm clothes?
………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. Read the conversation again. Complete the table

Things Mai need to take and reasons why Things Mai doesn’t need to take and reasons why
not
 31

2. Read and complete the sentences.

The Imperial Academy – the first university in Viet Nam – was built in 1076 under Emperor Ly Thanh Tong. It
was used to educate young men for the nation. It consisted of many classrooms and libraries for students. The
teachers for The Imperial Academy were very famous scholars. The students of The Imperial Academy were
brilliant. They were selected from local examinations from all over the country. They had to study many subjects
for three years. Then they were carefully prepared for first, the National, and then, the Royal exams before
receiving their doctorates.
Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

was were regarded renamed constructed

a. The Temple of Literature ……………….founded in 1070.

b. The Imperial Academy was……………………….under Emperor Ly Thanh Tong.
c. The Doctors’ stone tablets……………………………..first erected by King Le Thanh Tong.
d. The Imperial Academy was………………………….as the first university in Viet Nam.
e. In 1483 the Imperial Academy was………………………Thai Hoc Vien.
2. Read the passage and answer the questions.
Long ago, in the year 1070, there were no universities in Viet Nam. So, in 1706, Emperor Ly Nhan Tong decided to build
one – the Imperial Academy. It is considered the first university in Viet Nam. The university was a great success and
thousands of Vietnamese scholars graduated from this university.

The Imperial Academy has a long and interesting history. Many kings, emperors and scholars worked to develop the
university. Chu Van An was regarded as one of the most famous teachers at the Imperial Academy.

In modern time, the Imperial Academy continues to grow and receive recognition. Many old buildings were
reconstructed in 1999. In 2003, famous statues ( Ly Thanh Tong , Ly Nhan Tong, Le Thanh Tong, Chu Van An) were built.
In 2010, the 82 Doctors’ stone tablets were recognised by UNESCO.
* Answer the questions:
a. When was the Imperial Academy founded?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b. Why was it successful?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
c. Who was one of the most famous teachers at the Imperial Academy?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
d. What is another special thing about it?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
e. When were the statues of Chu Van An and Le Thanh Tong built?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
f. How many Doctors’ stone tablets did UNESCO recognise?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

C. GRAMMAR
1, Câu bị động: là câu các em dịch là “bị-được”
 32

Eg: I was born in Hai Phong. (Tô i đượ c sinh ra ở HP)

It was broken. (nó bị hỏ ng)
2, Công thức biến đổi câu chủ động sang câu bị động
Active : S + V + O .......

Passive : => S + BE + V ( past participle ) + ……. by + O

Active: chủ độ ng Passive: bị độ ng
* Cá c bướ c chuyển từ câu chủ độ ng sang bị độ ng
Bướ c 1, chuyển tâ n ngữ chủ độ ng => chủ ngữ bị độ ng
Bướ c 2, gạ ch châ n độ ng từ và đổ i V => be PP (tù y từ ng thì)
Bướ c 3, chuyển chủ ngữ chủ độ ng => by + tâ n ngữ bị độ ng (có thể bỏ qua bướ c nà y trong 1 số trườ ng hợ p: people,
something, someone, they , me , him , you)
Eg: They give their children a lot of cakes at Christmas.
Bướ c 1: chuyển “their children” lên đầ u câu là m chủ ngữ
Bướ c 2: gạch châ n độ ng từ “give” (thì hiện tại đơn) => đổ i thà nh “are given”
Bướ c 3: khô ng cầ n viết “by them”
 Their children are given a lot of cakes at Christmas.
+ trạ ng từ chỉ địa điểm + by O + trạ ng từ chỉ thờ i gian
Trừ hiện tạ i hoà n thà nh: since/ for + by O
3, Công thức biến đổi thì của câu bị động
V=> be PP
thì Chủ động Bị động
Hiện tạ i đơn V am/is/are + PP
Hiện tạ i tiếp diễn am/is/are + Ving am/is/are + being PP
Hiện tạ i hoà n thà nh have/has + PP have/has + been PP
Quá khứ đơn Ved/bqt was/were + PP
Quá khứ tiếp diễn Was/were + Ving was/were + being PP
Quá khứ hoà n thà nh had + PP had + been PP
Tương lai gầ n am/is/are + going to + V Am/is/are + going to + be PP
Tương lai đơn và cá c will/shall/can/may/must +V modal + be PP
độ ng từ khuyết thiếu should/could/might/ought to
* lưu ý vớ i họ c sinh: V => be PP cò n các trợ độ ng từ khác sẽ giữ nguyên khô ng thay đổ i
Bài tập 1: viết lại câu bị động – từng thì đơn (học sinh xác định phần biến đổi sau đó mới thay đổi thì sẽ
không bị sai sót)
Bài tập 2: viết lại câu bị động – tổng hợp các thì
4, Các dạng đặc biệt của câu bị động
4.1 Dạ ng câu phủ định
Đố i vớ i dạ ng (-) vẫ n xá c định thì và biến đổ i “V” => “be PP” rồ i thêm “not” sau trợ độ ng từ chính
Eg: She doesn’t visit her parents very often.
 Her parents are + not + visited very often. (ở đâ y chú ng ta chỉ đổ i “visit” – hiện tạ i đơn => “are visited” rồ i
thêm “not” sau trợ độ ng từ chính là “are”)
4.2 Dạ ng câu hỏ i
Đố i vớ i dạ ng câ u (?) vẫ n xá c định thì và biến đổ i “V” => “be PP” rồ i đả o trợ độ ng từ chính lên trướ c chủ ngữ trong
câu hỏ i.
Eg: When do children play football?
Bướ c 1: đưa “football” làm chủ ngữ câu bị độ ng
Bướ c 2: gạch châ n “do...play” => thì hiện tại đơn => đổ i thà nh “is ... played”
Bướ c 3: đổ i “children” => “by children”
 When is football played by children?
D. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR PRACTICE
 33

Exercise 1: Listen and write the words in the correct columns.

Teach Question Chair Village
Cultural Heritage Jeans Architectural
Engineer Children Job Watch

/tʃ / /dʒ/

Exercise 2: Listen and repeat the chants.

ORANGE
Orange juice, orange juice,
Cherry jam, cherry jam,
Which one is cheaper for children?
Orange juice is cheap.
Cherry jam is cheaper.
CHICKEN
Chicken chop, chicken chop,
Chip chop, chip chop,
Who likes chicken chop for lunch?
John likes chicken chop.
Jill likes pork chop.
Exercise 3: Write the words from 4 with the sounds /tʃ/ and /dʒ/ in the right columns above
Complete the passage using the past participle of the verbs in the box.
display consider locate take surround
The Temple of Literature is (1) _____________ in the centre of Ha Noi about 2 kilometres west of Hoan Kiem Lake. It is
(2) ______________ by four busy streets : Quoc Tu Gian, Van Mieu, Ton Duc Thang, and Nguyen Thai Hoc. Many
precious relics are (3) _____________ there. Many trees and flowers are (4) _____________ care of by the gardeners at
the landmark. It is (5) _____________ one of the most important cultural and historic sites of Viet Nam.
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with the words from the box.
was were regarded renamed constructed
1. The Temple of Literature ____________ founded in 1070.
2. The Imperial Academy was ________________ under Emperor Ly Nhan Tong.
3. The Doctors’ stone tablets _________________ first erected by King Le Thanh Tong.
4. The Imperial Academy was ____________ as the first university in Viet Nam.
5. In 1483 the Imperial Academy was __________ Thai Hoc Vien.
Exercise 5: Using the verbs in brackets, write sentences in the present simple passive.
Example:
The Temple/by Vietnamese people and foreign tourists (visit)
→ The Temple is visited by Vietnamese people and foreign tourists.
1. Many precious relics/in the Temple of Literature (display)
→ __________________________________________
2. Many old trees and beautiful flowers/by the gardeners (take care of)
→ __________________________________________
3. Lots of souvenirs/inside the Temple of Literature (sell)
_________________________________________
4. Khue Van Pavilion/the symbol of Ha Noi (regard)
→ __________________________________________
5. The Temple of Literature/one of the most important cultural and historic places/in Viet Nam (consider) →
__________________________________________
 34

Exercise 6: Put the parts of the passage below in the correct order. Then circle the examples of the past simple
passive in the text.
A. The students of The Imperial Academy were brilliant. They were selected from local examinations from all over the
country.
B. They had to study many subjects for three years. Then they were carefully prepared for fi rst, the National, and then,
the Royal exams before receiving their doctorates.
C. It consisted of many classrooms and libraries for students. The teachers of the Imperial Academy were very famous
scholars.
D. The Imperial Academy – the fi rst university in Viet Nam – was built in 1076 under Emperor Ly Nhan Tong. It was
used to educate young men for the nation.
Order: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Exercise 7. Can you make sentences in the present and past passive voice about the places below?
Hung Kings’ Temple Hue Imperial City
Ha Long Bay Hoi An Ancient Town
Huong Pagoda One Pillar Pagoda
1, …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2, …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3, …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
4, …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5, …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6, …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Exercise 8: Tips for trips
Imagine some overseas friends are planning a trip to Ha Noi. Advise them what they should and shouldn’t do. Write
Do or Don’t in each box.
1. Do book a hotel in advance.
2. ______ learn some Vietnamese before your trip to Ha Noi.
3. ______ stay in a mini hotel.
4. _______ eat in small restaurants.
5. _______ rent a bike or a motorbike if you want to travel around.
6. _______ walk around the Old Quarter at night.
7. Don’t take summer clothes if you go between November and January.
8. _______ shop in local markets for souvenirs.
9. _______ swim in the lakes.
10. _______ pay a visit to the Temple of Literature.
Exercise 9: Supply the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Sydney Opera House in Australia (finish) in 1973.
2. One-Pillar Pagoda in Ha Noi (complete) in 1049.
3. The Imperial Academy (consider) the first university in Viet Nam.
4. The Great Wall in China (build) many centuries ago.
5. The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco (complete) in1937.
6. Burj Khalif in Dubai, the highest building in the world, (open in 2010.
7. A painting by Picasso (sell) for 3 million dollars last year.
8. America (discover) by Christopher Columbus
9. The Japanese Covered Bridge in Hoi An (build) _____________________16th century.
10.The site for Huong Pagoda (discover) about 2000 years ago.
Exercise 10. Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.
1. Ms Linh teaches our English lessons.
Our English lessons ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. People make many famous films in Hollywood
Many famous film………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. I do all my homework on my computer.
 35

All my homework………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. They keep many ancient things in museums.
Many ancient things………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. People use computers all over the world.
Computers…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. My father drives all of us to school every day.
All of us………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. King Ly Nhan Tong built the Imperial Academy as the first university in Viet Nam in 1076.
The Imperial Academy…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Hundreds of tourist visit my town every year.
My town……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
9. People use Khue Van Pavilion symbol on all street signs of Ha Noi.
Khue Van Pavilion symbol…………………………………………………………….…………………………………………….
10. A lot of people use cell phones.
Cell phones…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11.We usually lock the safe carefully
The safe……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
12.We keep the safe in the bedroom on the second floor.
The safe………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13.Yesterday the thieves stole everything in it.
Yesterday everything in it……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
14. We told the police about it.
The police……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….
Exercise 11: Write a passage about your last trip. Try to use as many passive sentences as possible.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 36

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………
 37

UNIT 7: TRAFFIC
I. Vocabulary
1. allow (v) /əˈlaʊ/ : cho phép
2. cycle (v) /saɪkl/ : đạp xe
3. cycle lane (n) / saɪkl leɪn/ : làn đường, đường hẻm
4. drink alcohol (v) /ˈæl.kə.hɒl/ : uống rượu
5. except (conj, prep) /ɪkˈsept/ : ngoại trừ
6. fasten the seatbelt (v) /ˈfɑː.s n ˈsiːt ˌbelt / : thắt đai an toàn
ə

7. footpath (n) /ˈfʊt.pɑːθ/ : đường đi bộ

8. fly (v) /flaɪ/ : lái máy bay, đi trên máy bay
9. helicopter (n) /'helɪkɒptər/ : máy bay trực thăng
10. helmet (n) /ˈhel.mət/ : mũ bảo hiểm
11. illegal (adj) /ɪ'li:gl/ : bất hợp pháp
12. information (n) /ˌɪn.fəˈmeɪ.ʃən/ : thông tin
13. obey (v) /əʊˈbeɪ/ : tuân thủ, nghe theo
14. park (v) /pɑ:k/ : đỗ xe
15. passenger (n) /ˈpæs. n.dʒə /
ə r
: hành khách
16. pavement (n) /'peɪvmənt/ : vỉa hè (cho người đi bộ)
17. pedestrian (n) /pəˈdes.tri.ən/ : người đi bộ
18. primary school (n) /ˈpraɪ.mə.ri ˌskuːl/ : trường tiểu học
19. prohibitive (adj) /prə'hɪbɪtɪv/ : cấm (không được làm)
20. railway station (n) /'reɪlwei ,steɪ∫n/ : nhà ga xe lửa
21. reverse (v) /rɪˈvɜːs/  : xoay chiều :
22. road sign (n) /rəʊd saɪn/ : biển báo giao thông
23. reverse (n) /rɪˈvɜːs/ : quay đầu xe
24. roof (n) /ru:f/ : nóc xe, mái nhà
25. safely (adv) /'seɪflɪ/ : an toàn
26. safety (n) /'seɪftɪ/ : sự an toàn
27. seatbelt (n) /'si:t'belt/ : dây an toàn
28. ship (n) /ʃɪp/ : tàu thủy
29. strictly (adv) /ˈstrɪkt.li/ : hoàn toàn, một cách nghiêm túc
30. suburb (n) /ˈsʌb.ɜːb/ : ngoại ô, ngoại thành
31. traffic jam (n) /'træfɪk dʒæm/ : sự kẹt xe
32. traffic rule (n) /'træfIk ru:l/ : luật giao thông
33. traffic signals (n) /'træfIk ˈsɪɡ.n l/ 
ə
: biển báo, tín hiệu giao thông
34. train (n) /treɪn/ : tàu hỏa
35. triangle (n) /'traɪæŋɡl/ : hình tam giác
36. tricycle (n) /trɑɪsɪkəl/ : xe đạp ba bánh
37. traffic light (n) /'træfIk laɪt/  : đèn giao thông
38. vehicle (n) /'viɪkəl/ : xe cộ, phương tiện giao thông
39. zebra crossing (n) /ˌzeb.rə ˈkrɒs.ɪŋ/ : vạch sang đường
II. TEXTBOOK
A. GETTING STARTED
Monday in the playground
1. Listen and read
Mai: Hi, Oanh. How are you?
Oanh: Hi, Mai. I’m OK, thanks. How about you? What did you do yesterday?
Mai: I’m good. Yesterday morning I stayed at home and played with my brother. In the afternoon I cycled
round the lake near my home.
Oanh: Oh, good, that sounds really healthy. By the way, how do you come to school?
Mai: My dad usually drives me to school. I used to go on foot when I was in primary school. But the new
school’s too far to walk now.
 38

Oanh: How far is it from your house to here?

Mai: It’s about two kilometers.
Oanh: How long does it take you?
Mai: About 10 minutes. Sometimes, when there are traffic jams, it takes longer.
Oanh: Do you come by car every day?
Mai: Yes, except when my dad is busy. Then I come by bike.
Oanh: I see. Hey, Mai. How about going cycling round the lake on Saturday?
Mai: Great idea! Can you come to my house at 3 p.m.?
Oanh: OK, Mai. I can’t wait! See you then.
B. A CLOSER LOOK 1
Vocabulary
Road signs
1. Have you seen these road signs? Talk about the meaning of the signs below with a partner.

2. Label the signs in 1 with the words/phrases below.

no right turn traffic lights cycle lane hospital ahead
parking no parking no cycling school ahead
Look out!
- A sign within a red triangle will warn you of something.
- Signs with red circles are mostly prohibitive – that means you can’t do something.
- Signs in blue are usually to give information.
Pronunciation
/e/ and /eɪ/
4. Listen and repeat. Pay attention to sounds /e/ and /ei/
 /e/: left, enter, ahead, present, helicopter, centre, never, seatbelt
 /eɪ /: plane, way, station, train, indicate, mistake, pavement, break
5. Listen to these sentences carefully. Single-underline the words with sound /e/, and double-underline
the words with sound /ei/.
1. Does your bike ever break down on the way to school?
2. It is not very far to the railway station.
3. We must always obey traffic rules for our safety.
4. You must keep to the left when you are in the UK.
 39

5. They are waiting for the next train to come.

6. Find the words containing sound /e/ and the words containing sound /ei/ in 1-3. Then read them aloud.
Example: ahead /e/ sail /eɪ/
C. A CLOSER LOOK 2
Grammar
1. It indicating distance: We can use it in the position of the subject to indicate distance.
Example: It is about 300 metres from my house to the bus stop.
1. Write sentences with it. Use these cues.
Example:
my house/500 metres/nearest shop
→ It is about 500 metres from my house to the nearest shop.
1. 700 metres/my house/Youth Club
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
2. five km/my home village/nearest town
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
3. 120 km/Ho Chi Minh City/Vung Tau
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
4. 384,400 km/the Earth/the Moon
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
5. not very far/Ha Noi/Noi Bai Airport
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
2. Used to: We use used to to describe an action, a habit or a state that happened regularly in the past
but doesn’t happen now.
(+) I/We/You/They/He/She/It used to walk to school.
(-) I/We/You/They/He/She/It did not use to walk to school.
(?) Did I/We/You/They/He/She/It use to walk to school?
Example:
There used to be many trees on this street, but now there are only shops.
Watch out!
In questions and negative sentences, the final ‘d’ in used is dropped.
Example:
Did you use to play hide-and-seek when you were small?
3. Complete the sentences with used to or use to and the verbs in the box below.
be ride play go feel
1. I _________________ a tricycle when I was a child.
2. There _________________ fewer people and vehicles on the roads.
3. My father _______________ to work by motorbike. Now he cycles.
4. ______ you _________________ hide-and-seek when you were small?
5. Five years ago people in this town ________ not _________________ worried about traffic jams.
4. Write the sentences using used to.
1. My mum lived in a small village when she was a girl.
→ My mum _________________________________________________________________________.
2. There are more vehicles on the roads now.
→ There did not _____________________________________________________________________.
3. We cycled to school two years ago.
→ We ______________________________________________________________________________.
4. There did not use to be many traffic accidents before.
→ Now there are ______________________________________________________________________.
5. My uncle was a bus driver some years ago, but now he has a desk job.
→ My uncle__________________________________________________________________________.
5. Work in groups. Did you use to do those things? Ask and answer.
1. play marbles
2. play football in the street
 40

3. swim in the pond near your house

4. ride a tricycle
5. ride a buffalo
D. COMMUNICATION
Extra vocabulary
roof illegal laws reverse right-handed
1. Look at the flags of some countries. Give the names of these countries.

3. Look at the strange driving laws below. Five of them are true, but one is false. In pairs, can you find
the false driving law?

In Alaska, you are not allowed to drive with a dog on the roof.
It is illegal for women to drive in Saudi Arabia.
 41

In South Africa, you have to let animals go first.

In Spain, people who wear glasses have to carry a spare pair in the car.
You have to wear a shirt or T-shirt while driving in Thailand
In France, you can only reverse your car on Sundays.
4. Read the following text and answer the questions below.
ROAD SAFETY
These are some rules about road safety. It is very important to obey
these rules when you use the road.
Pedestrians
1. Always look carefully where you go.
2. Use the pavement or footpath.
3. Walk across the street at the zebra crossing.
4. Wait for the traffic light to turn green before you cross the street.
5. Wear white or light-coloured clothes in the dark.
Drivers
1. Always fasten your seatbelt when you drive.
2. Don’t drive if you feel tired or after you drink alcohol.
3. Don’t park in front of a zebra crossing.
4. Strictly obey traffic signals.
Cyclists and motorists
1. Always keep both hands on the handle bars.
2. Always wear a helmet when you ride a motorbike.
3. Give a signal before you turn left or right.
4. Use front and back lights at night.
5. Don’t carry a passenger in front of you.
Questions:
1. Where should you cross the street?
2. What must one always do when he/she drives?
3. Should one drive after drinking alcohol? Why or why not?
4. What must you do before you turn left or right while driving or riding a motorbike?
5. Why should pedestrians wear light coloured clothes in the dark?
5. Grammar
Exercise 1. Change the sentences according to the prompts in brackets.
1. You used to go to school on foot. (?)
2. Mr Van used to ride his motorbike dangerously. (-)
3. The streets used to be cleaner and more peaceful. (?)
4. I didn’t use to go out on Sundays. (+)
5. They used to go on holiday together. (-)
Exercise 2. Write sentences using these cues.
1. over 100 km/my hometown/Ho Chi Minh City
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
2. about 25 km/my grandparents’ house
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
3. I/used to/small bike/the yard/outside/flat
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
4. There/used to/bus station/city centre/but/it/ move/the suburbs
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
5. Children/must/learn/road safety/before/ allowed/ride/bike/road
………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
 42

UNIT 8: FILMS
I. VOCABULARY
1. action film (n) /ˈæk.ʃən fɪlm /  : phim hành động
2. although (conj) /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ : mặc dù
3. animation (n) /'ænɪˈmeɪʃən/ : phim hoạt hình
4. attack (v) /əˈtæk/ : tấn công
5. audience (n) /ˈɔː.di.əns/ : khán giả (xem truyền hình)
6. boring (adj) /ˈbɔː.rɪŋ/ : buồn chán
7. character (n) /ˈkær.ək.tər/  : nhân vật
8. combine (v) /kəmˈbaɪn/  : kết hợp
9. comedy film (n) /ˈkɒm.ə.di/  : phim hải
10. crime (n)  /kraɪm/  : tội phạm
11. critic (n) /'krɪtɪk/ : nhà phê bình
12. decrease (v) /dɪˈkriːs/  : giảm
13. deserted island (n) /ˈdez.ət ˈaɪ.lənd / : đảo hoang
14. despite = in spite of (prep) /dɪˈspaɪt/ : mặc dù
15. direct (v) /dɪˈrekt/ : làm đạo diễn (phim, kịch...)
16. disaster (n) /dɪˈzɑːstə/ : thảm hoạ, tai hoạ
17. documentary (n) /,dɒkjə'mentri/ : phim tài liệu
18. effect (n) /ɪˈfekt/ : ảnh hưởng, hiệu ứng
19. entertaining (adj) /,entə'teɪnɪŋ/ : thú vị, làm vui lòng vừa ý
20. event (n) /ɪˈvent/  : sự kiện
21. fall in love with : yêu, phải lòng
22. fantastic (adj) /fænˈtæs.tɪk/ : tuyệt vời
23. feature (v) /ˈfiː.tʃər/  : chiếu (phim), có (ai đóng vai chính) …
24. female (adj) /ˈfiː.meɪl/  : nữ giới
25. film section (n) /ˈsek.ʃən/  : khu vực, phần
26. film star (n) /ˈfɪlm ˌstɑːr/ : ngôi sao điện ảnh
frightening (adj) /ˈfraɪ.tən.ɪŋ/ : đáng sợ
27. get shipwrecked (v) /getˈʃɪp.rekt/ : đắm tàu
28. gripping (adj) /'ɡrɪpɪŋ/ : hấp dẫn, thú vị
29. hilarious (adj) /hɪˈleəriəs/ : vui nhộn, hài hước
30. horror film (n) /'hɒrə fɪlm / : phim kinh dị
31. However /ˌhaʊˈev.ər/ = Nevertheless /ˌnev.ə.ðəˈles/ : tuy nhiên
32. include (v) /ɪnˈkluːd/ : bao gồm
33. incredible (adj) /ɪnˈkred.ə.bəl/ : tuyệt vời, đáng kinh ngạc
34. jellyfish (n) /ˈdʒel.i.fɪʃ/ : sứa biển
35. journey (n) /ˈdʒɜː.ni/  : chuyến đi, hành trình
36. male (adj) /meɪl/ : nam giới
37. moving (adj)  /ˈmuː.vɪŋ/  : cảm động
38. murder (n) /ˈmɜː.dər/ : sát nhân
39. must-see (n) /'mʌst si:/ : bộ phim hấp dẫn cần xem
40. narrator (n) /nəˈreɪ.tər/  : người kể chuyện
41. on board : trên thuyền
42. opinion (n) /əˈpɪn.jən/ : quan điểm
43. perfect (adj) /ˈpɜː.fekt/ : hoàn hảo
44. pick sb up (v) : đón ai đó
45. plot (n) /plɒt/  : kịch bản
46. poster (n) /'pəʊstə/ : áp phích quảng cáo
47. professor (n) /prəˈfes.ər/ : giáo sư
48. protest (n,v) /ˈprəʊ.test/ : biểu tình, phản đối
49. public
 43

50. put a ban on (v) : ngăn cấm

51. real life (n) /ˌrɪəl ˈlaɪf/  : đời sống
52. recommend (v) /,rekə'mend / : giới thiệu, tiến cử
53. review (n) /rɪˈvju:/ : bài phê bình
54. romantic comedy (n) /rəʊˈmæn.tɪkˈkɒm.ə.di/: hài lãng mạn :
55. scary (adj) /:skeəri/ : làm sợ hãi, rùng rợn
56. science fiction (sci-fi) (n) /saɪəns fɪkʃən/ : phim khoa học viễn tưởng
57. shocking (adj)  /ˈʃɒk.ɪŋ/  : gây sốc
58. silly (adj) /ˈsɪl.i/ : ngốc nghếch
59. social class (n) /ˈsəʊ.ʃəl klɑːs / : tầng lớp xã hội 
60. special (adj) /ˈspeʃ. l/ 
ə
: đặc biệt
61. star (v) /stɑː/ : đóng vai chính
62. strange (adj) /streɪndʒ/  : kỳ lạ
63. stunt (n) /stʌnt/  : người đóng thế
64. success (n) /səkˈses/ : thành công
65. successful (adj) /səkˈses.fəl/  : thành công
66. suggest (v) /səˈdʒest/  : gợi ý, đưa ra
67. survey (n) /'sɜːveɪ/ : cuộc khảo sát
68. take control of : kiểm soát
69. terrorist (n)  /ˈter.ə.rɪst/  : tên khủng bố
70. thriller (n) /'θrɪlə / : phim kinh dị, giật gân
71. violent (adj) /'vaɪələnt/ : có nhiều cảnh bạo lực
72. visual (adj) /ˈvɪʒ.u.əl/  : tầm nhìn
73. voyage (n) /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/  : chuyến hành trình bằng đường biển
GETTING STARTED
What film shall we see?
1. Listen and read
Duong: I’m bored. Do you have any plans this evening?
Mai: No ... What shall we do?
Duong: How about seeing a film?
Mai: Good idea! What shall we see?
Duong: Let’s take a look at the film section of the paper. It says that White Sands is showing at Kim Dong
Cinema at 8:00 o'clock tonight.
Mai: I t’s a horror film. That’s too frightening for me.
Duong: OK, they are also showing Crazy Coconut at Ngoc Khanh Cinema.
Mai: What kind of film is it?
Duong: It’s a romantic comedy.
Mai: What is it about?
Duong: It’s about a female professor and a male film star. They get shipwrecked on a deserted island and have
to live together. Although the professor hates the film star at first, she falls in love with him in the end.
Mai: Who does it star?
Duong: It stars Julia Roberts and Brad Pitt.
Mai: What have critics said about it?
Duong: Most of them say it’s very funny and entertaining.
Mai: Hmm. I know. Why don’t we decide when we get there?
Duong: OK, good idea!
a. Read the conversation again and answer the questions.
1. What does Duong suggest doing tonight?
a. Watching a TV show.
b. Watching a film.
c. Staying at home.
2. Where does Duong find cinema information?
a. In a newspaper.
 44

b. By asking Mai.
c. On the Internet.
3. Why doesn’t Mai want to see White Sands?
a. She doesn’t like that type of film.
b. It’s not on at the right time.
c. She has seen the fi lm before.
4. How do critics feel about Crazy Coconut?
a. They all like it.
b. They don’t like it.
c. Many of them like it.
5. Which film do Mai and Duong decide to watch?
a. White Sands.
b. Crazy Coconut.
c. They haven’t decided yet.
b. Find the questions in the conversation that ask about Crazy Coconut. Then listen, check and repeat
the questions.
a. Type of film ___________________________________
________________________________________________
b. Actors/Stars ___________________________________
________________________________________________
c. The plot (the story) _____________________________
________________________________________________
d. Review (critics’ opinion about the film) _____________
________________________________________________
Types of film:
a. science fiction (sci-fi ) e. documentary
b. romantic comedy f. animation
c. thriller g. action
d. comedy h. horror
Definitions:
1. A film that tries to make audiences laugh.
2. A film that features cartoon characters.
3. A film that is set in the future, often featuring science.
4. A film that tells an exciting story about murder or crime.
5. A fi lm which combines comedy with a love story.
6. A film that shows real life events or stories.
7. A fi lm in which strange and frightening things happen.
8. A fi lm that usually features lots of stunts and fighting.
Are there any other types of films you can add to the list?
A CLOSER LOOK 1
Vocabulary
1. The following are adjectives which are often used to describe films. Can you add some more?
boring entertaining ___________
hilarious violent ___________
gripping moving ___________
scary shocking ___________
Complete the sentences using the adjectives in the list above.
1. Mr Bean is a ______ film – I was laughing from beginning to end.
2. Titanic is a ______ film. I cried at the end.
3. The fi lm was so ______ that we almost fell asleep.
4. I couldn’t take my eyes off the screen because the film was so ______.
5. Pirates of Southeast Asia is a ______ documentary. I couldn’t believe it!
6. You will be frightened when you see that film. It is a very ______ film.
 45

7. There were too many fights in the action fi lm. It was too ______.
8. You will enjoy the fi lm. It is so ______.
Remember!
-ed and -ing adjectives
We can form adjectives by adding -ed and -ing endings to some verbs.
Example:
-ed adjectives -ing adjectives
Annoyed Annoying
Interested Interesting
Disappointed disappointing
We use -ed adjectives to describe someone’s feelings. (Tính từ -ed tả cảm xúc)
Example:
The film was long, and I was bored.
We use –ing adjectives to describe things or people (that cause the feelings). (Tính từ -ing tả tính chất)
Example:
The film was long, and boring.
2. Complete the table with the –ed and –ing forms of the adjectives.
If a person or Boring then he/she or it bored
thing is makes you
interesting (1)_________
(2) _______ embarrassed
(3) _______ excited
disappointin (4) ________
g
exhausting (5) ________
(6) _______ surprised
confusing (7) ________
(8) _______ frightened
Annoying annoyed
3. Choose the correct adjectives.
1. The end of the film was so moved/moving.
2. The boy was so frightened/frightening by the film that he couldn’t sleep last night.
3. Critics were disappointed/disappointing at his performance as King Lear.
4. I am amazed/amazing that he has won two Oscars for Best Actor.
5. We were terrified/terrifying of the ending of that horror film.
Pronunciation
/t/, /d/ and /id/
5. Listen and repeat the verbs. Pay attention to the sounds /t/, /d/, and /id/ at the end of each verb.
played watched waited danced bored
closed needed walked hated
Now, in pairs put the words in the correct column.
/t/ /d/ /id/

Remember!
-ed endings in verbs are pronounced:
/t/ after an unvoiced consonant
Example: washed; matched
/d/ after a voiced vowel or voiced consonant
Example: filled; stayed
 46

/ɪd/ after the sound /t/ or /d/

Example: wanted; needed
A CLOSER LOOK 2
Grammar
Although, despite/in spite of (mặc dù)
We use although, despite/in spite of to express contrast between two pieces of information in the same
sentence. We use although before a clause and despite/in spite of before a noun or a noun phrase.
Example:
Although he is so young, he performs excellently.
Despite/In spite of being so young, he performs excellently.
Despite/In spite of his young age, he performs excellently.
= He is so young, but he performs excellently.
1. Complete the sentences. Use although + a clause from the box.
they spent a lot of money on the film
few people came to see it
it was a comedy
it is set in modern times
the acting is excellent
Example: Although I watched the film twice, I didn’t understand it.
1. We enjoyed the film at the Ngoc Khanh Cinema _____.
2. ______, it wasn’t a big success.
3. ______, I don’t enjoy the fi lm.
4. I didn’t find it funny at all ______.
5. The film is based on a book that was written twenty years ago ______.
2. Complete the sentences, using although, despite/in spite of. Sometimes, two answers are possible.
1. ______ the story of the fi lm was good, I didn’t like the acting.
2. I went to see the fi lm ______ feeling really tired.
3. I really enjoyed the Water War______ most of my friends said it wasn’t a very good fi lm.
4. ______ careful preparation, they had a lot of difficulties in making the fi lm.
5. ______ the fi lm was gripping, Tom slept from beginning to end.
3. Rewrite these sentences using the words in brackets. Change other words in the sentence if necessary.
1. I don’t think Stallone is a very good actor. He was very good in the Rocky films. (although)
2. Many European fi lm directors have gone to Hollywood to make films. Few have had as much success as
Milos Forman. (although)
3. They watched films on DVD all night. They had to work the next day. (despite)
4. He has performed excellently in many films. He has never won an Oscar for Best Actor. (although)
5. The film begins with a terrible disaster. It has a happy ending. (in spite of)
however and nevertheless
We also use however and nevertheless to express contrast between two sentences.
We usually use a comma after them.
Example:
He is so young. However,/Nevertheless, he performs excellently.
4. Complete the sentences using although, despite, in spite of, however, or nevertheless. Sometimes, two
answers are possible.
1. The fi lm didn’t receive good reviews from critics. ______, many people went to see it.
2. ______ the silly story, many people enjoyed the film.
3. They spent millions of dollars on making the fi lm. _ _____, it wasn’t as successful as expected.
4. ______ Jaws is one of Spielberg’s first films, it is one of his best.
5. ______ the film was a bit frightening, I really enjoyed it.
5. Use your own ideas to complete the following sentences. Then compare your sentences with a partner.
1. I don’t really like the film although ______.
2. They spent a huge amount of money on the fi lm. However, ______.
3. The film was a great success in spite of ______.
 47

4. The sound in the fi lm is terrible. Nevertheless, ______.

5. Although it is a horror fi lm, ______.
6. Despite his age, ______.
Reading
1. Read Nick’s review of the film Titanic on his blog. Then find and underline these words in the passage.
What do they mean?
Sinking must-see special effects visuals
FILM BLOG
Mon, Apr 20, …
Titanic is a romantic film, which was directed by James Cameron. However, it’s also about a disaster. It stars
Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet.
The film is about the sinking of the ship Titanic on its first voyage. The main characters are Jack Dawson and
Rose DeWitt Bukater. Jack saves Rose from killing herself during the journey on board the ship. Although
they are from different social classes, and Rose is already engaged, they fall in love. The film has a sad ending:
the Titanic sinks and more than a thousand people die in the disaster, including Jack.
Critics say it is a must-see. I agree, because the story is moving and the acting is excellent. The special effects,
visuals, and music are also incredible.
Titanic is a very sad film. Nevertheless, many people really love it. Go and see it if you can.
Posted by Nick at 5.30 p.m.
2. Read Nick’s blog again and answer the questions.
1. What kind of film is Titanic?
2. Who does it star?
3. What is Titanic about?
4. What do you know about the main characters of Titanic?
5. How is the ending of Titanic?
6. What do critics say about Titanic?
Speaking
3. Look at the film posters below. Work in pairs. Talk about the films you would/wouldn’t like to see.
PIRATES OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
Documentary: About modern day pirates in Indonesia and Malaysia who attack other ships.
It stars Peter O’Toole as the voice of the narrator.
Critics say the film is shocking, but it is a must-see.
Showtimes: 8.15 p.m. at Broadway Theater.
BIG BEN DOWN
Action: About a group of terrorists who take control of Big Ben, and threaten to blow it up.
It stars Bruce Willis as a New York cop on holiday in London.
Critics say the film is violent and gripping.
Showtimes: 3.30 p.m and 8.30 p.m. daily at Kim Dong Cinema.
THE CHAINS AW MASSACRE AT HALLOWEEN
Horror: About a killer who escapes from a hospital. The story takes place in a children’s camp on Halloween.
It stars Jamie Lee Curtis as a school teacher who falls in love with killer.
Critics say the film is very frightening and may be scariest film ever.
Showtimes: 8.00p.m. at Odeon Theater.
PLANET OF THE JELLYFISH
Sci-fi: About super intelligent space jellyfish that attack the Earth in the future.
It stars Cameron Diaz as a soldier, who is sent to stop the attack of space jellyfish.
Critics say that the film is fantastic and gripping.
Showtimes: 3.00 p.m and 8.30 p.m. daily at Ngoc Khanh Cinema.
LOOKING BACK
Vocabulary
1. Think of an example of every type of films in the box.
Science-fiction romantic comedy
Thriller comedy
 48

Documentary action
Horror animation
Example: Mr Bean is a comedy.
2. Read the sentences. What types of films are the people talking about?
1. The acting was excellent, and I laughed from beginning to end.
2. The scene was so frightening that I closed my eyes.
3. I think this film will be liked by people who are interested in true stories.
4. It is hilarious, and it is really moving too.
5. The special effects are incredible! The robots look real.
3. Fill in the blanks with -ed or -ing adjectives that are formed from the verbs in brackets.
1. I have never felt as (terrify) ______ as I did when I watched that horror f lm.
2. In spite of spending millions of dollars on the film, it was (disappoint) ______.
3. They found his behaviour (annoy) ______.
4. We were (satisfy) ______ with the service at the cinema.
5. We found the film’s plot (shock) ______.
4. Complete the second sentence in each pair, using the word in brackets. The meaning of both sentences
should be the same.
1. They found the f lm exciting. (excited)
They ______ about the film.
2. The film bored them so they left halfway through it. (boring)
The film ______ so they left halfway through it.
3. The ending of the film was quite moving. (moved)
We _____ at the ending of the film.
4. His new f lm is really surprising. (surprised)
You’ll ______ at his new film.
5. Lots of people are confused by the way he behaves. (confusing)
Lots of people find ______.
Grammar
5. Match the first half in A with the suitable half in B
A B
1. Although he set off early, a. popcorn is selling well.
2. Despite public protests, b. however, it is decreasing now.
3. In spite of high prices, c. it’ll be better than staying at home.
4. The ticket price has been quite d. he arrived late
high;
5. Although I don’t really like to go e. the Government decided to put a ban
to the cinema, on the film.

Communication
6. Number the lines of the dialogue in the correct order.
____ A. How about going to the movies?
____ B. I think Now You See Me would be a
good choice.
____ C. Where should we meet?
____ D. That sounds pretty good. I’ve seen
the trailer.
____ E. What are you doing tomorrow night?
____ F. Which movie?
____ G. Perfect!
____ H. I can pick you up. Is 7 o'clock alright for you?
____ I. Nothing much. Why do you ask?
 49

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

I. VOCABULARY
1. amazing (adj) /əˈmeɪ.zɪŋ/ : tuyệt vời
2. attend (v) /əˈtend/  : tham gia
3. buffet (n) /ˈbʊf.eɪ/ : tiệc đứng
4. camp (n,v) /kæmp/ : trại,cắm trại
5. campsite (n) /ˈkæmp.saɪt/ : khu cắm trại
6. candle (n) /ˈkæn.d l/ ə
: nến
7. cannon (n) /ˈkæn.ən/ : pháo thần công
8. Carnival (n) /ˈkɑː.nɪ.v l/  ə
: lễ hội hóa trang
9. celebrate (v) /'selɪbreɪt/ : tổ chức lễ
10. celebratory (adj) /ˌsel.əˈbreɪ.tər.i/ : vui vẻ
11. celebration (n) /ˌsel.əˈbreɪ.ʃ n/ 
ə
: lễ kỷ niệm
12. chaos (n) /ˈkeɪ.ɒs/  : đám hỗn độn
13. cheese rolling (n) /tʃiːz ˈrəʊ.lɪŋ/  : bánh phô mai vòng
14. choose (v) /tʃuːz/  : lựa chọn
15. costume (n) /ˈkɒs.tʃuːm/ : trang phục
11. cranberry (n) /'kranb(ə)ri/ : quả nam việt quất
16. crowd (n) /kraʊd/ : đám đông
17. cultural (adj) /ˈkʌl.tʃər.əl/ : có văn hóa
18. culture (n) /ˈkʌl.tʃə / r
: văn hóa
19. desert (n)  /ˈdez.ət/ : sa mạc
20. dessert (n) /dɪˈzɜːt/ : món tráng miệng
21. discussion (n) /dɪˈskʌʃ. n/ ə
: thảo luận
22. dish (n) /dɪʃ/ : món ăn
23. downhill (adv, prep) /ˌdaʊnˈhɪl/ : xuống dốc
24. Easter (n) /ˈiː.stər/  : Lễ Phục Sinh
25. Elephant Race Festival /ˈel.ɪ.fənt reɪs ˈfes.tɪ.v l/: Lễ hội đua voi
ə

26. expect (v) /ɪkˈspekt/ : kỳ vọng, chờ đợi

27. fascinating (adj) /'fæsɪneɪtɪŋ/ : thú vị, hấp dẫn
28. feast (n) /fi:st/ : bữa tiệc
29. festival (n) /'festɪvl/ : lễ hội
30. Festival of Lights (n) : lễ hội ánh sáng
31. finally (adv) /ˈfaɪ.nəl.i/ : cuối cùng
32. firework (n) /ˈfaɪə.wɜːk/  : pháo hoa
33. goggle (n)  /ˈɡɒɡ.əl/  : kính
34. gravy (n) /'ɡreɪvi/ : nước xốt
35. greasy (adj) /ˈɡriː.si/  : béo, ngậy
36. Halloween (n) /ˌhæl.əʊˈiːn/  : Lễ hội Halloween
37. ham (n) /hæm/  : giăm bông
38. hand sth in (v) : nộp
39. harvest (v, n) /ˈhɑː.vɪst/ : vụ mùa, thu hoạch
40. highlight (v)  /ˈhaɪ.laɪt/  : đánh dấu, làm nổi bật
41. Indian festival (n)  /ˈɪn.di.ən/  : lễ hội của thổ dân da đỏ
42. injure (v)  /ˈɪn.dʒər/  : bị thương
43. interest (v)  /ˈɪn.trəst/  : khiến cho người khác yêu thích
44. jet (n) /dʒet/ : máy bay phản lực
45. local people (n)  /ˈləʊ.k l ˈpiː.p l/ 
ə ə
: người địa phương
46. lively (n) /ˈlaɪv.li/ : sống động
47. make a camp (v) : cắm trại
48. music or arts festival (n) : lễ hội âm nhạc và nghệ thuật
49. normally (adv) /ˈnɔː.mə.li/  : thường thường
 50

50. organizer (n) /ˈɔː.ɡən.aɪ.zər/ : người tổ chức

51. owner (n) /ˈəʊ.nər/  : người chủ
52. parade (n) /pəˈreɪd/  : diễu hành
53. perform (v) /pəˈfɔːm/  : biểu diễn, thực hiện
54. performer (n) /pəˈfɔːmər/  : người biểu diễn
55. performance (n) /pəˈfɔː.məns/  : buổi trình diễn
56. pole (n) /pəʊl/ : cột, sào, cực
57. Portuguese (n) (adj) /ˌpɔː.tʃəˈɡiːz/  : người Bồ Đào Nha, tiếng Bồ Đào Nha
58. popular (adj) /ˈpɒp.jə.lər/  : phổ biến, nổi tiếng
59. religious (adj) /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/ : thuộc về tôn giáo
60. steep (adj) /stiːp/  : dốc
61. stuffing (n) /'stʌfɪŋ/ : nhân nhồi (vào gà)
62. seasonal (adj) /'si:zənl/ : thuộc về mùa
63. square (n)  /skweər/  : quảng trường
64. steep (adj) /sti:p/ : dốc
65. take place (v) /teɪk pleɪs/  : xảy ra, tổ chức
66. thanksgiving (n) /'θæŋksgɪvɪŋ/ : lễ tạ ơn
67. tourist (n) /ˈtʊə.rɪst/ : du khách
68. traditional (adj) /trəˈdɪʃ.ən.əl/  : truyền thống
69. truck (n) /trʌk/ : xe tải
70. turkey (n) /'tə:ki/ : gà tây
71. unusual (adj) /ʌnˈjuː.ʒu.əl/ : không thường xuyên, bất thường
72. various (adj)  /ˈveə.ri.əs/ : nhiều
73. well-known (adj) /ˌwel ˈnəʊn/  : nổi tiếng
II. TEXTBOOK
GETTING STARTED
The festival project
Teacher: Which festival did you choose, Nick?
Nick: Actually, I chose a Vietnamese festival!
Teacher: Oh really? Which one did you choose?
Nick: I chose the Elephant Race Festival in Dak Lak. I think elephants are fascinating animals! It must be
amazing to see them racing.
Teacher: OK, that’s interesting. How about you, Mai?
Mai: I chose Diwali. It’s an Indian festival.
Teacher: Why did you choose it?
Mai: Well, it’s called the ‘Festival of Lights’ and it’s a religious festival. I think candles are
so romantic, and I love fireworks. There are lots of both during Diwali.
Teacher: That’s a great choice. And you, Phong?
Phong: I chose La Tomatina. It’s held in Spain, in a small town called Buñol. It’s a seasonal festival to
celebrate the tomato harvest.
Teacher: What do you like about it?
Phong: For one hour, people get to throw tomatoes at each other!
Teacher: Wow! That does sound unusual. OK, finally, Mi.
Mi: I chose something a little diferent. It’s a music festival called Burning Man. It’s held every year at
the end of August. People go to the desert, make a camp, and have a party!
Teacher: Wow, that’s a new one on me! Sounds fascinating. OK, I’d like you to write up your reports and hand
them in to me by ...
a. Answer the following questions.
1. Did the teacher expect Nick to choose a Vietnamese festival? Why/Why not?
2. What do people do to celebrate Diwali?
3. Which festival is held in a small town?
4. Why does Mi think her festival is unusual?
5. What should the students do after this discussion with the teacher?
 51

b. Tick ( ) true (T) or false (F).

T F
1. Nick chose the festival because he would like to see elephants racing.  
2. The 'Festival of Lights' is another name for Diwali.  
3. People throw tomatoes at each other for one day at La Tomatina.  
4. Burning Man is held in the desert  
2. Write the festivals in the box under the pictures. Then listen and repeat.

3. Match the festivals below with the reasons they are held.

4. Compare your answers with a partner.

Example:
A: I think Rock in Rio and the Cannes Film Festival are music or arts festivals.
B: I agree.
A: Which do you think are seasonal festivals?
B: I think Christmas and Easter. How about you?
A: I think Halloween and Ghost Day.
 52

A CLOSER LOOK 1
Vocabulary
1. a. Can you complete the table below with appropriate verbs, nouns and adjectives?
Verb Noun Adjective
Celebrate 1. Celebratory
Festival 2.
3. Parade
4. Cultural
Perform Performer
5.
b. Now complete the following sentences with the words from the table in D. You do not need to use all
the words. The first letter of each word has been given.
1. Carnival (Carnaval in Portuguese) is a popular f______ in many countries in South America.
2. It usually happens in February, and South American people c______ it in diferent ways.
3. The Rio Carnival is the biggest and most famous, with the most lively c______.
4. It gives people a chance to learn about the true c______ of Brazil.
5. People wear costumes and p______ through the streets, playing samba music and dancing.
6. The highlight of the Rio Carnival is the Samba Parade with thousands of samba p_______ from various
samba schools.
Pronunciation
Stress in two-syllable words
Look out!
In two-syllable words the mark (') represents the stressed syllable. The general rules are:
Type of word General rule exceptions
Most noun and adjectives Stress on the first syllable a 'sleep - 2
e.g. 'country - 1 a'broad - 2
ma'chine – 2
Most verbs Stress on the second syllable 'copy - 1
e.g. re'ceive - 2 'differ - 1
'happen - 1
(two-syllable verbs ending in er/en)
3. Put the word in the correct column according to their stress pattern.
gather picture relax artist enjoy
hotel lovely describe rename famous
Stress on 1st syllable Stress on 2nd syllable

4. Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others. Then listen and check.
1. Money dancer shopping balloon
2. Common happy complete joyful
3. Prepare enter answer listen
4. tidy complete prefer adopt
5. Read the following sentences and mark (') the stressed syllable in the underlined words.
1. We’re going to discuss our festival project.
2. A lot of dancers go to Rio de Janeiro to attend the Rio Carnival.
3. I think nobody will answer the phone because they have gone to the music festival.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
Grammar
Adverbial phrases (cụm trạng ngữ)
1. Look at the pictures below. What information would you like to know about this festival?
 53

Look out!
An adverbial phrase gives extra information about the time, place, manner, etc. of an action. Adverbial
phrases are made with nouns, prepositions or infinitives.
They can be used to answer different questions.
Type/Question Example
Time The festival of the Sun is held on June 24th.
(when?)
Place The festival is celebrated in Peru.
(where?)
Frequency The festival takes place every year.
(how often?)
Reason People attend the festival for fun.
(why?) A lot of people go to Cusco, Peru, to attend the festival.
Manner People celebrate it in a special way.
(how?) People celebrate it with street fairs and live music.

2. Now look at the webpage. Complete the table about the festival.

H/Wh-questions: review
 54

There are seven Wh-questions and one H-question in English: what, which, where, when, who, whose, why and
how.
Remember!
Questions word and their auxiliaries are usually contracted in speech.
Example:
Who is = Who’s What will = What’ll
Who’s coming to the festival? What’ll they do there?
3.Phuong is doing an interview for VTV. Can you match her questions with the interviewee’s answers?
1. Here I am with Elephant Race organizer, Phong a. It’s a race between elephants that are ridden by their
Nguyen. What’s this festival all about, Phong? owners, but really it’s a celebration of elephants!
2. When’s it held? b. It’s always held in Dak Lak. The location can change
through – sometimes it’s in Don Village, sometimes near
the river.
3. Where’s it held? c. Elephants are really important. They work really hard for
us. The festival is our way of saying ‘thank you’ to them.
4. Why’s it held? d. Well, they have to reach the finish line first.
5. Who comes to the festival? e. Many elephant owners and local people. Also, there are
more and more tourists every year.
6. How do elephants win the race? f. It’s normally in March.
4. Now make questions for the underlined parts.
1. I bought this T-shirt for my brother in Sydney.
_______________________________________________________________________?
2. I love music, so I go to the music festival almost every summer.
_______________________________________________________________________?
3. My friends saved money to fly to Spain.
_______________________________________________________________________?
4. We went to the Flower Festival in Da Lat last year.
_______________________________________________________________________?
5. During Tet, the Vietnamese decorate their houses with apricot or peach blossoms.
_______________________________________________________________________?
SKILLS 1
Reading

Read the texts and answer the questions.

 55

1. When is La Tomatina celebrated?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. What did Carlos do the day before the festival?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. What did people place on top of the greasy pole?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Why did they have to wear goggles?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. What was the signal for the start and end of the tomato fight?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. How was the town square after the fight?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Choose one festival to teach your group about. Read the information about your festival. Plan what you
will say.

Writing
Think about a festival you attended. Make notes about it below.

5. Now write a short paragraph about the festival you attended. Use the notes above.
 56

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
LOOKING BACK
Vocabulary
1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. A lot of ______ and artistic activities are held as part of the Flower Festival in Da Lat. (culture)
2. I saw a ______ of flowers when I attended the festival last year. (parade)
3. We had a ______ meal on my grandfather’s birthday. (celebrate)
4. The Christmas season is also called the ______ season. (festival)
5. I loved the ______ of folk songs. (perform)
6. There is a special ______ for Japanese girls on March 3rd every year. (celebrate)
Grammar
2. Complete each question with a suitable H/Wh- questions word. More than one question word may be
accepted.
1. Look at this photo! ______ were you doing with the candles?
2. ______ did you stay when you were in Ha Noi?
3. ______ do you pronounce the name of the festival?
4. ______ festival does your brother prefer: the Tesselaar Tulip Festival or the Tulip Time Festival?
5. _____ do people celebrate Diwali?
6. _____ did they arrive in Da Nang? On 29th April?
3. Match your own sentences with the adverbial phrases from the box.
In Ho Chi Minh City last December
To say thanks for what they have
With apricot blossoms every year

1. ____________________________________________.
2. ____________________________________________.
3. ____________________________________________.
4. ____________________________________________.
5. ____________________________________________.
 57

REVIEW 3 (UNIT 7-8-9)

LANGUAGE FOCUS
Pronunciation
1. Choose the word whose the underlined part is pronounced differently.
1. A. viewed B. acted C. filmed D. starred
2. A. stopped B. washed C. fastened D. walked
3. A. joined B. performed C. paraded D. prepared
4. A. many B. classmate C. grade D. gravy
5. A. head B. great C. death D. bread
Vocabulary
2. Complete the description of Diwali. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word in bracktes.
Diwali, the Hindu Festival of Lights, is the most important holiday of the year in India. Special Diwali
(1.Celebrate) _________ are held across the country in October or November. The festival shows the (2.
culture) _________ richness of this country. People open their doors and windows and light candles to
welcome Lakshmi, the Goddess of Wealth. They also enjoy traditional music and dance (3. perform) _______
and watch f reworks. Also, people can watch (4. parade) _________ with beautiful f oats. There is a very
strong (5.festival) ________ atmosphere across India during Diwali.
3. Match the questions with the answers.
A B
1. Why do you like the Tulip Festival? 1. Oh, it’s a popular festival in lots of countries
including Viet Nam.
2. What did you do at last year’s carnival? 2. When I went to the La Tomanita – Tomato
Festival in Spain.
3. Where do they hold the Beer Festival? 3. Because I love flowers and Dutch culture.
4. When did you get this souvenir? 4. I had to stand on the balcony to get the whole
view of the parade.
5. How did you take this photo? 5. I like Diwali better.
6. Which do you prefer, Diwali or Hanukkah? 6. I watched the parade and danced the samba.
4. Rewrite the sentences so that they have the same meaning as the original ones. Use the words given.
1. The distance from Ha Noi to Can Tho is about 1,877 kilometers. IT
→ ___________________________________________________.
2. What is the distance between Hue and Da Nang? HOW
→ ___________________________________________________.
3. There wasn’t much traffic when I was small.
→ ___________________________________________________.
4. Although they were tired, they wanted to watch the film.
→ ___________________________________________________.
5. The festival took place in a remote area. However, a lot of people attended it.
→ ___________________________________________________.
Everyday English
6. Put the lines of the dialogue in the correct order (1-8). Then act out the conversation with a classmate.
_____ Yeah. Things have changed. Oh, the most important thing before we forget … What will we see?
_____ Ha ha. Look at this. I think this new animation is interesting. Read these comments: ‘hilarious’,
‘exciting’ and ‘worth seeing’ …
__1___ Mai, let’s go to the cinema this Saturday.
_____ That’s fine. How far is it from your house to the Cinemax?
_____ It’s only two kilometers. You can cycle to my house, and then we can walk there. Remember? Two
years ago there didn’t use to be any cinemas near our house.
_____ Great idea, Mi. Which cinema shall we go to?
_____ OK. That’s a good idea. I’ll be at your house at 5 and we’ll walk there. Remember to buy the tickets
beforehand.
_____ How about the Cinemax? It’s the newest one in Ha Noi.
 58

SKILLS
Reading
1. Read the passage. Match the headings in the box with the paragraphs.

2. Read the passage again and answer the questions.

1. When were The Oscars first organized? …………………………………………………………………..
2. What are the awards named after? ………………………………………………………………………..
3. Who is Cedric Gibbons? ………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Who received the first Oscar statuette? …………………………………………………………………...
5. What is the Best Picture prize? ……………………………………………………………………………
Writing
6. Imagine that you and two friends are going to attend a festival 10 kilometres away. You are discussing
what means of transport to use: bus, bicycle or taxi. Read the e-mail from one of your friends, Mai, and
write a reply.

Hi there!
I think we should go to the festival by bicycle. It’s only 10 kilometers away. My father’s going to cycle there
with us. Do you remember last month we cycled to Phong’s house? It’s about six kilometers. Also, on the way
back from the festival, we can visit my grandmother. She lives near there.
Reply soon and let me know your opinion. How do you want to travel there?
Cheers,
Mai
 59

UNIT 10: SOURCES OF ENERGY

1. a great deal of : nhiều
2. abundant /əˈbʌn.dənt/  : dư thừa
3. alternative / ɔ:l'tə:nətiv / (Adj) : có thể lựa chọn thay cho vật khác
4. amounts of  /əˈmaʊnts əv/ : nhiều, một lượng lớn 
5. as much as possible : nhiều nhất có thể
6. atmosphere  /ˈæt.mə.sfɪər/  : bầu khí quyển, bầu không khí
7. available /əˈveɪ.lə.bəl/  (adj) : có sẵn
8. avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ (v) : tránh
9. biogas /'baiou,gæs/ (n) : khí sinh học
10. building /ˈbɪl.dɪŋ/ (n) : tòa nhà
11. burn
12. carbon dioxide / 'kɑːrbən daɪˈɑːksaɪd/ (n) : khí CO2
13. carbon footprint / 'kɑːrbən ˈfʊt.prɪnt/ (n)
14. catch /kætʃ/ (v) : bắt
15. cause /kɔːz/ (v) (n) : gây ra, nguyên nhân
16. cheap /tʃiːp/  (adj) : rẻ
17. clean /kliːn/  (Adj) : sạch
18. climate /ˈklaɪ.mət/ (n) : khí hậu
19. certain area /ˈsɜː.tən ˈeə.ri.ə/ (n) : khu vực nhất định
20. coal /kəʊl/  (n) : than đá
21. consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/  (n) : tiêu thụ
22. convenient /kənˈviː.ni.ənt/  (adj) : thuận tiện, tiện lợi
23. convert into /kənˈvɜːt/  (v) : chuyển đổi thành
24. create /kriˈeɪt/ (v) : tạo ra
25. dam  /dæm/  (n) : con đập
26. dangerous / 'deindʒrəs / (Adj) : nguy hiểm
27. developing country /dɪˈvel.ə.pɪŋ ˈkʌn.tri/ (n) : quốc gia đang phát triển
28. disadvantage /ˌdɪs.ədˈvɑːn.tɪdʒ/ (n) : bất lợi
29. distance / 'dɪst(ə)ns / (n) : khoảng cách
30. drive big machinery /draɪv bɪɡ məˈʃiː.nər.i/ (v) : vận hành máy móc
31. drought /draʊt/  (n) : hạn hán
32. Earth /ɜːθ/ (n) : Trái Đất, đất
33. effect /ɪˈfekt/  (n) : ảnh hưởng, tác dụng
34. efficiently /ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/  (Adv) : một cách hiệu quả
35. electricity /,ɪlɛk'trɪsɪti / (n) : điện
36. energy / 'enədʒi / (n) : năng lượng
37. energy source /ˈen.ə.dʒi ˈriː.sɔːs/  (n) : nguồn năng lượng
38. environmentally  /ɪnˌvaɪ.rənˈmen.təl/  (Adv) : môi trường
39. escape /ɪˈskeɪp/  (v) : thoát khỏi, trốn thoát
40. exhaustible  /ɪɡˈzɔː.stə.bəl/  (adj) : cạn kiệt
41. expensive  /ɪkˈspen.sɪv/  (adj) : đắt
42. extreme weather  /ɪkˈstriːm ˈweð.ər/  (n) : thời tiết cực đoan
43. event /ɪˈvent/  (n) : sự kiện, hiện tượng
44. flood  /flʌd/  (n) : lụt lội
45. footprint / 'fʊtprɪnt / (n) : dấu vết, vết chân
46. forever /fəˈre.vər/  (Adv) : mãi mãi
47. fossil fuel /ˈfɒs.əl ˌfjʊəl/  (n) : năng lượng hóa thạch
48. generate  /ˈdʒen.ə.reɪt/  (v) : tạo ra (điện)
49. gig shoes /ɡɪɡ ʃuːz/  (n) : giày trượt (có 2 bánh)
50. harmful to /ˈhɑːm.fəl/ (adj) : gây hại, có hại
51. heat /hiːt/  (n) : nhiệt, nóng
 60

52. hydro / haɪ.drəʊ / (n) : thuộc về nước

53. hydro power /’haɪ.drəʊ ‘paʊər/  (n) : thủy điện
54. increase  /ɪnˈkriːs/  (v) (n) : tăng
55. increasingly /ɪnˈkriː.sɪŋ.li/  (Adv) : ngày càng
56. include /ɪnˈkluːd/  (v) : bao gồm
57. install /ɪnˈstɔːl/  (v) : cài đặt, lắp đặt
58. invitation /ˌɪn.vɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ (n) : lời mời
59. last /lɑːst/ (v) : kéo dài
60. light bulb  /ˈlaɪt ˌbʌlb/  (n) : bóng đèn sợi đốt
61. limited /ˈlɪm.ɪ.tɪd/  (Adj) : giới hạn
62. more and more = increasingly : ngày càng
63. moreover /ˌmɔːˈrəʊ.vər/  (Adv) : hơn nữa
64. natural gas /ˌnætʃ.ər.əl ˈɡæs/  (n) : khí ga tự nhiên
65. negative / 'neɡətɪv / (Adj) : xấu, tiêu cực
66. network /ˈnet.wɜːk/  (n) : hệ thống, mạng lưới
67. non-renewable / ,nɔn ri'nju:əbl / (adj) : không phục hồi, không tái tạo được
68. oil /ɔɪl/  (n) : dầu
69. percent /pəˈsent/ (adv) : phần trăm
70. planet /ˈplæn.ɪt/ (n) : hành tinh
71. plentiful / 'plentifl / (Adj) : phong phú, dồi dào
72. pipe /paɪp/ (n) : ống
73. polluting /pəˈluːtɪŋ/ (adj) : ô nhiễm
74. pollution /pəˈluː.ʃən/ (n) : sự ô nhiễm
75. produce /prəˈdʒuːs/ (v) : sản xuất, tạo ra
76. product /ˈprɒd.ʌkt/ (n) : sản phẩm
77. protect  /prəˈtekt/  (v) : bảo vệ
78. provide /prəˈvaɪd/  (v) : cung cấp
79. public transport /ˌpʌb.lɪk ˈtræn.spɔːt/ (n) : phương tiện giao thông công cộng
80. reach /riːtʃ/  (v) : tiến tới, đạt được
81. recognize /ˈrek.əɡ.naɪz/  (v) : nhận ra
82. release /rɪˈliːs/  (v) : thả, thải ra…
83. renewable / ri'nju:əbl / (Adj) : phục hồi, làm mới lại
84. recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪ.kəl/  (v) : tái chế
85. run out /rʌn aʊt/  (v) : cạn kiệt
86. safe /seɪf/  (adj) : an toàn
87. shortage /ˈʃɔː.tɪdʒ/  (n) : thiếu hụt
88. solar / 'soʊlər / (Adj) : (thuộc về) mặt trời
89. solar panel /ˌsəʊ.lə ˈpæn.əl/  (n) : tấm pin năng lượng mặt trời
90. solution /səˈluː.ʃən/ (n) : giải pháp
91. source / sɔ:s / (n) : nguồn
92. storm /stɔːm/ (n) : bão
93. take a shower / teɪk ə ʃaʊə / (n) : tắm vòi tắm hoa sen
94. tax /tæks/ (n) : thuế
95. transport / trans'pɔrt / (n) : phương tiện giao thông
96. trap /træp/  (v) (n) : bắt giữ, bẫy
97. turn off /ˈtɜːn.ɒf/  (v) : tắt
98. waste /weɪst/ (v) : lãng phí
99. wind turbine /wɪnd ˈtɜː.baɪn/ (n) : tua bin gió
100. Unfortunately  /ʌnˈfɔː.tʃən.ət.li/  (Adv) : không may thay
101. unlimited /ʌnˈlɪm.ɪ.tɪd/ (adj) : không có giới hạn
102. use up /juːz ʌp/ (v) : tận dụng hết
103. value /ˈvæl.juː/  (n) : giá trị
104. wisely /ˈwaɪz.li/ (adv) : một cách thông minh
 61

GETTING STARTED
A different type of footprint
1. Listen and read.
Mai: Nam, I read yesterday that we all have a carbon footprint.
Nam: Well, we all have footprints – we make them with our feet!
Mai: Ha ha, I know that. But this kind of footprint is about the negative effect we have on the environment.
Nam: Right, it’s in the news a lot these days.
Mai: So our footprint is bigger when we use energy that produces carbon dioxide. That’s bad for the
environment.
Nam: So it’s better to have a smaller footprint, right?
Mai: Right, Nam. Non-renewable energy sources like coal, natural gas, and oil produce a lot of carbon
dioxide. Those sources are going to run out soon too.
Nam: So they’re different to wind, hydro, and solar?
Mai: Yes, they’re all sources of energy too, but they’re renewable. That means we can’t use them all up –
they will last forever.
Nam: Do you have a big carbon footprint, Mai?
Mai: Mine’s small. I recycle the products I use and I go everywhere by bike. We have solar panels on our
roof at home to catch the sun’s energy, too.
Nam: Oh no! I think my footprint is big, and not just because of these gig shoes!
a. Read the conversation again and answer the questions.
1. What is a carbon footprint?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What does 'non-renewable energy' mean?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Why is sunlight a renewable source?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Why does Mai think she has a small carbon footprint?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. What things do you think might create a big carbon footprint?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b. Complete the network below using information from the conversation.
 62

2. Read the words and phrases.

wind coal natural gas nuclear
biogas oil hydro solar
3. Put the words into the correct groups below.
Renewable sources Non-renewable sources
Example: wind Example: coal

A CLOSER LOOK 1
Vocabulary
1. Put the words below into the table to describe the types of energy.
Limited unlimited harmful
Renewable non-renewable exhaustible
Safe dangerous convenient
Clean polluting available
Cheap expensive abundant

Sources of energy Advantage(s) Disadvantage(s)

Wind Example: Example:
Abundant safe Not always available
Water / hydro
Solar
Biogas
Nuclear
Coal/oil/natural gas
3. Complete these sentences, using the words in 1.
1. _______________ energy is renewable. Moreover, it is clean and _____________.
2. Using coal is polluting, and it is _______________.
3. __________________ power is abundant. It is also _____________ and safe.
4. Nuclear energy is renewable and clean. But it is _____________ and _____________.
5. Read the following sentences and mark (' ) the stressed syllable in the underlined words.
1. Coal will be replaced by another renewable source.
2. Wind power is convenient and abundant.
3. Natural gas is limited and it is harmful to the environment.
4. Solar energy is plentiful and it can be replaced easily.
5. Nuclear power is expensive and dangerous.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
Grammar
The future continuous
We use the future continuous tense for an action in progress at a definite point of time in the future.
(+) Subject + will be + V-ing
(-) Subject + will not be + V-ing
(?) Will + subject + be +V-ing?
Example:
This time next week we will be studying Unit 11.
1. Complete the sentences using the future continuous form of the verbs in brackets.
1. On Sunday, they ____________ (put) solar panels on the roof of our house to get power.
2. At 9 o’clock on Monday, we ____________ (take) a rest on our sources of energy.
3. At this time next week, my dad ____________ (install) new glass in the windows to stop heat escaping.
4. By 2020, people in Viet Nam ____________ (spend) a lot of money on heating.
5. By the middle of the 21st century, people in developing countries ____________ (use) energy from the
sun, the wind, and the water.
 63

2. Write what these students will be doing tomorrow afternoon.

1. Jenny/give a talk about saving energy.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Helen/put solar panels in the playground.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Susan/check cracks in the water pipes.
4.
5. Jake/put low energy light bulbs in the classrooms.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Kate/show a film on types of renewable energy sources.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Watch out!
The future continuous describes an action in progress at a point of time in the future. The future simple
is used for a future action, for predictions, hopes, etc.
3. Complete the conversation with the verbs in brackets. Use either the future simple or the future
continuous tense.
Tom: What will we do to save electricity, Dad?
Tom’s dad: First, we (1. watch) ____________ less TV.
Tom: ________ we ________ (2. put) solar panels on our roof for the heating and hot water?
Tom’s dad: Yes, and this time next week, we (3. have) _____________ a free solar shower.
Tom: What about transport? I mean, how ________ we (4. travel) _________________ to school and to
work?
Tom’s dad: Well, we won’t use our car. We (5. walk or cycle) _______________ to cut air pollution.
Tom: So at 7 o’clock tomorrow, you (6. cycle) ____________ to work, and I (7. go) ___________ to school
on my skateboard.
Tom’s dad: Great idea!
4. Work in pairs. Tell your partner what you will be doing at the following points of time in the future.
Example:
this time tomorrow
I will be doing English this time tomorrow. Or This time tomorrow I will be learning English.
1. Tomorrow
2. This weekend
3. This time next week
4. When you are fifteen years old.
The future simple passive
(+) Subject + will be + past participle
(-) Subject + will not be + past participle
(?) Will + subject + be + past participle?
Remember!
The passive voice is used in some cases.
- When the object of a sentence is not important:
Solar panels will be put on the roof.
- When the doer of the action is not known:
Alternative sources of energy will be developed quickly.
If the doer is still important, we can add a ‘by’ phrase:
A test on alternative sources of energy will be taken by Class 7A.
5. Complete the magazine article with the passive form of the verbs below.
place solve provide store use
We are looking for cheap, clean, and effective sources of energy. These types of energy won’t cause pollution
or waste natural resources. Solar power is one of these energy sources. It will (1) ____________ freely by the
sun. one percent of the solar energy that reaches the earth will be enough to provide electricity for the whole
population of the world. Solar energy will (2) _____________ by many countries around the world. Solar
panels will (3) ____________ on the roofs of houses and other buildings and the sun’s energy will be used to
 64

heat water. The energy will (4) ___________ for a long time. We hope that by using solar energy the problem
of the energy shortage will (5) ____________.
6. Change the sentences into the passive voice.
Example:
We will use low energy light bulbs.
Low energy light bulbs will be used.
1. We will use waves as an environmentally friendly energy source.
Waves will ____________________________________.
2. They will install a network of wind turbines to generate electricity.
A network of wind turbines will ___________________.
3. In the countryside, people will burn plants to produce heat.
In the countryside, plants will _____________________.
4. We will reduce energy consumption as much as possible.
Energy consumption will _________________________.
5. We will develop alternative sources of energy.
Alternative sources of energy will __________________.
6. We will use solar energy to solve the problem of energy shortage.
Solar energy will ______________________________.
7. Look at the pictures. Write what will be done in the future.

SKILLS 1
Reading
Professor Galton is preparing a speech about renewable and non-renewable energy. Read the text,
match the verbs with the nouns, then answer the questions.
Dear guests, I’d like to talk to you today about renewable and non-renewable energy.
Fossil fuels are non-renewable energy sources. They include oil, coal, and natural gas. They can be used to
create energy, generate electricity, or drive big machinery. Unfortunately, they are harmful to the environment.
Viet Nam still relies mostly on non-renewable energy sources, however, hydro power is increasingly used here
too.
 65

Hydro and nuclear power can generate a great deal of energy. They are renewable and plentiful. However,
hydro power is limited because dams cannot be built in certain areas. Nuclear power can provide enough
electricity for the world’s needs, but it is dangerous.
The sun and the wind are other alternative sources of energy. The wind turns turbines to make electricity. Solar
power can be converted into electricity. It can be used to heat or cool our houses. Although there are some
disadvantages, these alternative energy sources can offer abundant amounts of clean, safe electricity. They will
be valued more and more in the future in Viet Nam.
a. Match the verbs with the nouns
1. Create a. machinery
2. Drive b. turbines
3. Generate c. energy
4. Turn d. houses
5. Heat e. electricity
b. Answer the questions.
1. How many types of energy sources are mentioned in the text? What are they?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What are the disadvantages of hydro and nuclear power.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Why do you think the wind and the sun are called alternative sources of energy?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. What types of energy does Viet Nam use most?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. What does the professor think Viet Nam will use more in the future?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Writing
4. Complete the article. Use the phrases below.
A. burning fossil fuels for energy
B. leading to climate change
C. investing in renewable energy
D. because it can’t escape, it heats the planet
E. heating our homes, cooking our meals, etc.
THE CHANGING CLIMATE
Problem
We use energy for almost everything we do: for (1) __________________________. This use of energy is (2)
__________________________ - the world is heating up. When (3) __________________________, carbon
dioxide is released. Carbon dioxide traps the sun’s heat in the atmosphere and (4)
__________________________. Over the past thirty years, there has been a growing number of extreme
weather events, such as floods, droughts and storms.
Solution
We should protect our planet, by (5) __________________________. We should use sources of energy more
wisely, for our future, and the future of the planet.
5. In pairs, discuss the following ways to save energy. Decide on the five most important ways. Write
them in the notebook.
• Use electricity more efficiently
• Reduce our electricity bills
• Turn off the lights before going to bed
• Use low energy light bulbs
• Use public transport
• Increase the tax on petrol
• Avoid using cars or motorbikes for short trips
• Reduce the use of fossil fuels
What should you do?
6. Write a short passage about what we should do to save energy.
 66

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
LOOKING BACK
Vocabulary
1. Put the words into the correct groups.
biogas polluting solar
expensive clean limited
exhaustible dangerous nuclear
unlimited cheap hydro
plentiful harmful available
Sources of energy Advantage(s) Disadvantage(s)

Grammar
1. Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets in the future continuous.
1. You’ll recognize her when you see her. She ______________ (wear) a green hat.
2. I’ll be on holiday this time next week. I _________ (lie) on a beautiful beach.
3. At 10 o’clock tomorrow he _______________ (work) in his office.
4. I _______________ (study) in England next year.
5. They __________________ (build) their house this time next month.
3. Change the following sentences into the passive voice.
1. People in Britain will spend a lot of money on heating next year. A lot of money will
___________________________.
2. People will use biogas for fuel in homes and for transport. Biogas will
__________________________________.
3. We will use renewable energy sources like wind and solar energy to solve the problem of pollution.
Renewable energy sources like wind and solar energy will __________________________________.
4. We will reduce our use of electricity to save our energy. The use of electricity will
_____________________.
5. They will build a hydro power station in this area next year. A hydro power station will
____________________.
4. Complete the dialogue, using the future continuous form of the verbs.
Tom: I’m going to go to university. Six years from now, I’ll be running a big company. I expect I (1. earn)
_____________ lots of money.
Tony: I don’t know what I (2. do)___________. What about you Linda? What ______ you (3.
do)____________, do you think?
Linda: I’m too lazy to do any work. I intend to marry someone rich. I (4. host) ________ parties all the
time. We’ll have robots that (5. do) ______________ all the work. And you’ll both get invitations.
 67

UNIT 11: TRAVELLING IN THE FUTURE

1. actress /ˈæk.trəs/  (n) : nữ diễn viên
2. airplane /ˈeə.pleɪn/  (n) : máy bay
3. convenient /kənˈviː.ni.ənt/ (Adj) : thuận tiện
4. creation /kriˈeɪ.ʃən/ (n) : sáng tạo
5. crash /kræʃ/ (n) : Va chạm xe, tai nạn xe
6. disappear /ˌdɪs.əˈpɪər/ (v) : biến mất
7. driverless car /ˈdraɪ.və.ləs kɑːr/  (n) : xe ô tô không người lái
8. eco-friendly /'i:kəu 'frendli/ (adj) : thân thiện với hệ sinh thái/ môi trường
9. exist /ɪɡˈzɪst/ (v) : tồn tại
10. face /feɪs/  (v) : đối mặt
11. float /fləut/ (v) : nổi
12. flop /flɔp/ (v) : Thất bại
13. flying car /ˈflaɪ.ɪŋ kɑːr /  (n) : ô tô bay
14. fuel /fju:əl/ (n) : Nhiên liệu
15. function /ˈfʌŋk.ʃən/ (n) : chức năng
16. go forward /ɡəʊ ˈfɔː.wəd/ (v) : đi về phía trước
17. gridlocked /'grɪdlɑːkt/ (adj) : Giao thông kẹt cứng
18. handle /ˈhæn.dəl/ (v) : quản lý
19. helicopter /ˈhel.ɪˌkɒp.tər/ (n) : máy bay trực thăng
20. hover scooter /'hɔvə 'sku:tə/ (n) : xe trượt
21. idea /aɪˈdɪə/  (n) : ý tưởng, ý kiến
22. imaginative /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/ (a) : Tưởng tượng
23. inventor /ɪnˈven.tər/ (n) : nhà phát minh
24. maybe /ˈmeɪ.bi/  (adv) : có thể
25. major  /ˈmeɪ.dʒər/  (adj) : quan trọng, chủ yếu, chính
26. mean /miːn/ (v) : có nghĩa là
27. means of transport /miːnz əv ˈtræn.spɔːt / (n) : phương tiện giao thông
28. metro /'metrəʊ/ (n) : Xe điện ngầm
29. metro system /ˈmet.rəʊ ˈsɪs.təm/  (n) : hệ thống tàu điện ngầm
30. monowheel /'mɔnouwi:l/ (n) : một loại xe đạp có một bánh
31. pedal /'pedl/ (v,n) : đạp, bàn đạp
32. perhaps /pəˈhæps/ (adv) : có thể
33. pleasant /'pleznt/ (a) : Thoải mái, dễ chịu
34. pilotless /ˈpaɪ.lətləs/ (adj) : không người lái (máy bay) 
35. pollution /pə'lu:ʃ(ə)n/ (n) : Ô nhiễm
36. popular /ˈpɒp.jə.lər/  (adj) : phổ biến, chung
37. position /pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ (n) : vị trí
38. prefer /prɪˈfɜːr/ (v) : thích hơn
39. price /praɪs/  (n) : giá
40. program /ˈprəʊ.ɡræm/  (n) : chương trình
41. project /ˈprɒdʒ.ekt/  (n) : dự án
42. pull /pʊl/  (v) : kéo
43. rather /ˈrɑː.ðər/  (adv) : khá là
44. reappear /ˌriː.əˈpɪər/ (v) : tái xuất, xuất hiện lại
45. safety /'seɪfti/ (n) : Sự an toàn
46. scooter /ˈskuː.tər/  (n) : xe trượt
47. segway /'segwei/ (n) : xe đẩy chân
48. serious  /ˈsɪə.ri.əs/  (Adj) : nghiêm túc
49. single-wheel bike /ˈsɪŋ.ɡəl wiːl baɪk/  (n) : xe đạp một bánh
50. sky safety system /skaɪ ˈseɪf.ti ˈsɪs.təm/ (n) : hệ thống an toàn hàng khong
51. skytrain /skʌɪ treɪn/ (n) : Tàu trên không trong thành phố
 68

52. solar-powered /ˌsəʊ.lə ˈpaʊərd/  (adj) : năng lượng mặt trời

53. strange /streɪndʒ/  (adj) : kỳ lạ
54. success /səkˈses/  (n) : thành công
55. successful /səkˈses.fəl/ (Adj) : thành công
56. sure /ʃɔːr/  (adj) : chắc chắn
57. take up /teɪkʌp/ (v) : đảm nhiệm, thực hiện…
58. technology /tek'nɒlədʒi/ (n) : Kỹ thuật
59. teleporter /ˈtel.ɪ.pɔːt/  (n) : tổng đài viên điện thoại
60. traffic jam /'træfɪk dʒæm/ (n) : Sự kẹt xe
61. vehicle /ˈvɪə.kəl/  (n) : xe cộ
62. weird /wɪəd/  (Adj) : kỳ lạ
GETTING STARTED
We’ll have flying cars
1. Listen and read.
Mai: Wow! Driverless cars already exist. I can’t believe it.
Veronica: Yes, they look so cool! What will be next?
Phuc: I’m sure there’ll also be flying cars.
Mai: Does that mean we’ll still have traffic jams … in the sky?
Veronica: Ha ha, yes, maybe there will be!
Phuc: No, I think they’ll have SSS. It’s a sky safety system. It’ll stop everyone from crashing. It’ll help
them avoid traffic jams too.
Mai: I’d prefer to have a jet pack. I’ll wear it on my back. It doesn’t take up lots of space, and I’ll use
mine to fly anywhere easily.
Phuc: Do you think you can use it in bad weather?
Mai: No, I don’t think it will be pleasant.
Veronica: Then make perhaps a teleporter is the best. It makes you disappear. Then you reappear in another
place seconds later!
Phuc: Wow, your idea is really imaginative, Veronica!
Veronica: Ha ha, yes. That program really got me thinking.
Mai: I do worry about one thing. How much fuel will these means of transport use? Will pollution be
much worse?
Phuc: Don’t worry, Mai. The future is green! Solar energy will power everything!
a. Read the conversation again. Then choose the correct answers.
1. What is the project about?
a. Future transport
b. Future weather
c. Future energy
2. ‘Driverless cars’ have no ___________________.
a. people
b. drivers
c. solar energy
3. What does Phuc think an SSS can do?
a. Help cars to f y and help them to park.
b. Make cars crash and help them to avoid traffic.
c. Help cars to avoid traffic and crashes.
4. Why does Phuc say ‘The future is green’?
a. There will be less pollution.
b. Driverless cars will be green.
c. Green is Phuc’s favourite colour
Look out!
You can add less after a noun to form an adjective which means ‘without (the thing mentioned)’.
Example:
meaning – meaningless, driver – driverless,
 69

sleep – sleepless, end – endless …

3a. Can you find any future means of transport from the conversation in 1 here?
Adjectives Nouns
flying underwater Car taxi
high-speed space Train helicopter
driverless pilotless Bicycle bus
environmentally friendly Airplane ship
solar-powered wind-powered
b. Now combine more adjectives and nouns. How many words can you make? Be creative!
A CLOSER LOOK 1
Vocabulary
1. Cross out the means of transport that DOESN’T go with the verb.
Look out!
Do you know when you use drive, and when you use ride?

3. In or on? Complete the sentences.

 70

Remember!
 in + a car/a taxi
 on + a bus/a train/a plane/a boat/
 a bicycle/a motorbike
 go on foot
1. In the future most people will travel _____________________ flying trains.
2. ‘Sorry, I’m ___________________ the bus and will arrive in 5 minutes.’
3. Minh Duc often goes to school _______________ foot.
4. The actress arrived _______________ a helicopter.
5. They prefer to go _______________ their car than _______________________ the train.
A CLOSER LOOK 2
Grammar
Will for future prediction
1. What words do Phuc, Veronica ad Mai use when talking about the future?
Mai: Wow! Driverless cars already exist. I can’t believe it.
Veronica: Yes, they look so cool! What will be next?
Phuc: I’m sure there’ll also be flying cars.
Mai: Does that mean we’ll still have traffic jams … in the sky?
Veronica: Ha ha, yes, maybe there will be!
Phuc: No, I think they’ll have SSS. It’s a sky safety system. It’ll stop everyone from crashing. It’ll help
them avoid traffic jams too.
Mai: I’d prefer to have a jet pack. I’ll wear it on my back. It doesn’t take lots of space, and I’ll use mine
to fly anywhere easily.
* Note:
We often use ____________________ to make a prediction about the future.
Example: It will rain tomorrow. How will people travel in the year 2100?
_____________________
Affirmative S + will + V
Negative _____________________
Interrogative _____________________
2. Rearrange the words to make sentences.
1. People/until/flying cars/use/won’t/the year 2050.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Do you think/increase/next month/the fuel price/will/?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
3. arrive/next week/won’t/The mail/until/.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
4. I don’t think/he/the new position/take/will/.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
5. use/solar energy/will/in the future/more/We/.
……………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Minh Duc is asking a fortune-teller about his future. Complete the sentences with the correct form of
will.
Minh Duc: _________ I (1. Be) _________ successful?
Fortune-teller: Yes, you (2. Be) ___________ a successful person.
Minh Duc: ___________ I (3. Be) ___________ happy?
Fortune-teller: Yes, you (4. be)________ happy
Minh Duc: ______ I (5. be) ______ famous?
Fortune-teller: No, you (6. not be) ___________ very famous. But you (7. travel) ___________ a lot.
Minh Duc: Wow, that’s great!
Possessive pronouns
 71

4. Complete the sentences with possessive pronouns. Look at the example.

Example:
This is your pen. → This pen is yours.
1. This is Thu and Mon’s computer.
→ This computer is (Thu and Mon)__________________________________.
2. My bike is black.
→ The black bike is (me) __________________________________________.
3. These are his shoes.
→ These shoes are (he) ____________________________________________.
4. This is Veronica’s cat.
→ The cat is (Veronica) ___________________________________________.
5. That is our picture.
→ The picture is (we) _____________________________________________.
Remember!
 We use a possessive pronoun instead of a phrase:
Example: Phuc’s bike is red. Mine is blue. (mine = my bike)
 A possessive adjective comes before a noun.
Example: Their garden is so beautiful!
Personal Possessive Possessive
Pronoun adjective pronun
I My Mine
You Your Yours
She Her Hers
He His His
It Its Its
We Our Ours
They Their theirs
Example:
This classroom is ours.
1. ______________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________
COMMUNICATION
Extra vocabulary
metro skytrain gridlocked
PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
2. Read this case study and article about transport problems in Wonderland.
Case study
Wonderland is the planet’s biggest city without a metro system or skytrain! This city, of 26 million people, is
getting more and more gridlocked.
Every day over 1000 new cars add to the traffic. The city is facing serious pollution problems. There are fewer
buses than there used to be, and almost 10 million cars drive in and around Wonderland everday!
Local voice
‘Yes, that bicycle is mine. I used to drive it to work. But it took 2 hours!’
Now I ride a bicycle. The traffic is so bad that cycling has become quicker! But, the pollution is very bad from
all the cars. I don’t know what I’ll do in the future!’
SKILLS 1
Reading
1. Look at the pictures below. What do you think is the connection between them?
 72

2. Read the text below and find the names of the transport inventions.
There have been many interesting transport inventions. Some become popular, but others flop!
The personal hover scooter floats above the ground. It travels at around 30 kph. But it isn’t popular. Maybe
that’s because it’s too expensive. Personally, I think it’s too hard to park!
The monowheel is a single-wheel bike. The driver sits inside the wheel and pedals to go forward. It has one
major problem – it can fall over very easily. I think it looks rather weird.
The Segway is a success. It’s a two-wheeled vehicle. The driver pulls the handle to go back or pushes it to go
forward. It’s not as popular as the inventors hoped, but you might see one in an airport, or park. I guess it is a
convenient, green way to travel.
Which new inventions will we use in the future? Which ones won’t we use? It’s hard to know!
3. Can you find words in the text to match the definitions below?
1. A new creation
2. Not to become popular
3. Strange or unusual
4. Answer the following questions.
1. Which of the inventions is the most popular?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Why don’t many people use the personal hover scooter?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Which transport does the writer think is strange?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Which transport is eco-friendly?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
Writing
5. Write a short paragraph about a future means of transport in this unit. Include both facts and
opinions about the vehicle.
 Name of transport
 How it looks
 How it functions
 What you think about it
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 73

LOOKING BACK
Vocabulary
1. Use the clues in the two pictures to form a phrase.

2. Complete this table.

TRANSPORT POSSIBILITIES IN THE FUTURE
Verb (drive, ride, …) Energy used (solar, …) Characteristics (intelligent, flying, …)
Bicycle
Car
Train
airplane
Grammar
3. Change the personal pronouns in brackets into suitable possessive pronouns.
This bicycle is (1. I) ____________. It’s parked next to (2. you) __________. Are Phuong and Dung at school
today? I can’t see (3. they) ______________. I really like Anna’s bike. I wish I had (4. she)
_______________.
4. Look at the information about skycycling tubes. Then write a description of this means of transport
using will and won’t.

5. Match the sentences in A with those in B. Some sentences in A can be matched with more than one
sentence in B.
A B
1. Will we travel in driverless cars in the future? a. Yes, of course.
2. Will we have high speed trains? b. Oh, I think we won’t have them until
the year 2030.
3. I think we will have electric taxis very soon. c. I don’t know. Perhaps we won’t travel
in driverless cars in the future.
4. Will the Segway be environmental friendly? d. Yes, I just hope it won’t rain.
5. I hope it will be a lovely picnic. e. Yes, maybe we will.
.
 74

UNIT 12: AN OVERCROWDED WORLD

1. accommodation /əˌkɒm.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/  (n) : tiện nghi, nơi ở
2. affect /ə'fekt/ (v) : Tác động, ảnh hưởng
3. article /ˈɑː.tɪ.kəl/ (n) : bài báo
4. average /ˈæv.ər.ɪdʒ/ (n) : trung bình
5. block /blɑ:k/ (v) : Gây ùn tắc
6. calm /kɑːm/ (adj) : yên bình, yên tĩnh, bình tĩnh
7. chance /tʃɑːns/  (n) : cơ hội
8. cheat /tʃi:t/ (v) : Lừa đảo
9. commit /kəˈmɪt/  (v) : thừa nhận
10. crime /kraim/ (n) : Tội phạm
11. criminal /'kriminəl/ (n) : Kẻ tội phạm
12. death /deθ/ (n) : chết, từ vong
13. death rate (n) : tỉ lệ tử vong
14. dense /dens/ (adj) : dày đặc, mật độ
15. density /'densiti/ (n) : Mật độ dân số
16. disease /dɪˈziːz/ (n) : bệnh tật
17. diverse /dai'və:s/ (adj) : Đa dạng
18. drought /draʊt/ (n) : hạn hán
19. earnings /ˈɜː.nɪŋz/ (n) : thu nhập, tiền lương
20. education /ˌedʒ.uˈkeɪ.ʃən/  (n) : giáo dục
21. effect /i'fekt/ (n) : Kết quả
22. electricity /ˌel.ɪkˈtrɪs.ə.ti/ (n) : điện
23. especially /ɪˈspeʃ.əl.i/ (adv) : đặc biệt
24. establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ (v) : thành lập
25. experience  /ɪkˈspɪə.ri.əns/  (n) : trải nghiệm
26. explosion /iks'plouƷ ən/ (n) : Bùng nổ
27. flea market /fli:'mɑ:kit/ (n) : Chợ trời
28. healthcare  /ˈhelθ.keər/ (n) : chăm sóc sức khỏe
29. homeless /ˈhəʊm.ləs/  (adj) : vô gia cư
30. homelessness /ˈhəʊm.ləsnəs/  (n) : sự vô gia cư
31. hunger /'hʌɳgər/ (n) : Sự đói khát
32. imagine /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪn/  (v) : tưởng tượng
33. immigration /ˌɪm.ɪˈɡreɪ.ʃən/  (n) : nhập cư
34. increase /ɪnˈkriːs/  (v) : tăng
35. issue /ˈɪʃ.uː/ (n) : vấn đề
36. living standards /ˈlɪv.ɪŋ ˈstæn.dəd/ (n) : tiêu chuẩn sống
37. major /'meiʤər/ (adj) : Chính, chủ yếu, lớn
38. malnutrition /,mælnju:'triʃən/ (n) : Bệnh suy dinh dưỡng
39. megacity /'megəsiti/ (n) : Thành phố lớn
40. neighbourhood /ˈneɪ·bərˌhʊd/ (n) : khu vực lân cận
41. nutrition /njuːˈtrɪʃ.ən/ (n) : dinh dưỡng
42. overcrowded /,ouvə'kraudid/ (Adj) : Quá đông đúc
43. overpopulation /ˌəʊ.vəˌpɒp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/ (n) : bùng nổ dân số
44. peaceful /ˈpiːs.fəl/  (adj) : hòa bình
45. per /pɜːr/ (prep) : trên
46. poor /pɔːr/ /pʊr/ (adj) : nghèo
47. poverty /'pɔvəti/ (n) : Sự nghèo đói
48. probably /ˈprɒb.ə.bli/ (adv) : có thể
49. quiet  /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ (adj) : yên tĩnh
50. real /rɪəl/ (adj) : thật, thực
51. reduce /rɪˈdʒuːs/  (v) : giảm
 75

52. relatively /ˈrel.ə.tɪv.li/  (Adv) : tương đối

53. require  /rɪˈkwaɪər/ (v) : yêu cầu
54. shortage /ˈʃɔː.tɪdʒ/ (n) : thiếu hụt
55. slum /slʌm/ (n) : Khu ổ chuột
56. slumdog /slʌmdɔg/ (n) : Kẻ sống ở khu ổ chuột
57. solution /səˈluː.ʃən/  (n) : giải pháp
58. solve /sɒlv/ (v) : giải quyết
59. space /speis/ (n) : Không gian
60. spacious /'speiʃəs/ (Adj) : Rộng rãi
61. spread /spred/ (v) : lan rộng, mở rộng
62. square kilometer  /skweər/ /kəˈlɑm·ət̬ ·ər, ˈkɪl·əˌmit̬ ·ər/  (n) ki lô mét vuông
63. stressful /ˈstres.fəl/  (adj) : căng thẳng
64. suffer /ˈsʌf.ər/  (v) : chịu đựng
65. support  /səˈpɔːt/  (v) : ủng hộ
66. violence /ˈvaɪə.ləns/  (n) : bạo lực
67. visitor /ˈvɪz.ɪ.tər/  (n) : du khách
68. wealthy /ˈwel.θi/ (adj) : giàu có
TEXTBOOK
GETTING STARTED
A holiday story
Nam: Welcome back, Phuong! Brazil is amazing, isn’t it?
Phuong: It is, Nam, and it’s very diverse!
Nam: What do you mean?
Phuong: The beaches in the south are so peaceful, while cities like Rio are overcrowded.
Nam: What about the people?
Phuong: In Rio some people are wealthy, with high living standards. But there are also poor people who live
in slums.
Nam: Life must be difficult in the slums.
Phuong: Yes, the slums are overcrowded, and crime is a major problem there.
Nam: Crime affects everyone in the city, doesn’t it?
Phuong: It does, Nam. But there are probably other problems in the slums too, like disease, and poor
healthcare,...
Nam: Wow, did you see that yourself?
Phuong: No, visitors don’t usually visit the slums. It’s too dangerous.
Nam: There are probably fewer things to see and to do in the slums, aren’t there?
Phuong: Yes. However, I love Brazil and I had a very good time there.
Nam: Sure, it’s a real experience, isn’t it?
Phuong: It is.
a. Read the conversation again, and tick () true (T) or false (F).
T F
1. Phuong thinks Brazil is interesting.  
2. Places in Brazil are very different.  
3. Rio’s problems are only in the slums.  
4. It is not safe for tourists to visit the slums.  
5. Nam thinks Phuong’s visit to Brazil is not worthwhile.  
b. Read the conversation again. Find a word or phrase to match the following.
1. very different
2. rich
3. big or small
4. small houses in bad condition where poor people live
5. bad action against the community
 76

2. Match the words in the box with the pictures. Then read the words
A

CLOSER LOOK 1
Vocabulary
1. Listen and number the words in the order you hear them.
Crime  healthcare  disease  poverty 
Shortage  malnutrition  space  dense 
2. Complete the sentences with some of the words from 1.
1. Good _______ helps people to stay healthy, and to live longer.
2. When people need money badly, they may commit ________.
3. ________ spreads more quickly in overcrowded areas.
4. _______ is the major cause of death for children living in the slums.
5. In most big cities there are many wealthy people, but ______ is still a problem.
3. Match a cause with its effect.
Cause Effect
1. poverty a. not enough space
2. overpopulation b. crime
3. not enough food c. air pollution
4. shortage of clean water d. disease
5. too many vehicles e. drought
6. no rain f. malnutrition

Pronunciation
Word stress
5. Mark (') the stress in the words.
Spacious pollution poverty
Stressful hungry nutrition
Increase support violence
Shortage disease healthcare
A CLOSER LOOK 2
Grammar
 77

Comparisons of quantifiers: more, less/fewer

1. Read the sentences.
1. Children in the slums have more disease than those in wealthy areas.
2. The countryside has fewer problems than a big city.
Comparisons of quantifiers
> Traffic, pollution, food …
More ___________________ than
Problems, solutions …
< Less nutrition, clean water …
____ ___________________ than
Fewer diseases, criminals …

2a. Read the information about two cities.

b. Read the comparisons of the two cities, and decide if they are true. If they are not, correct them.
1. In Brumba, there are more people per square kilometre.
2. In Brumba, fewer people live in slums.
3. People in Crystal earn less per day.
4. More people in Crystal have enough food.
5. In Brumba, fewer children over ten go to school.
3. Fill the sentences with more, less or fewer.
1. February has ______ days than January.
2. Overpopulation is causing ______ problems than we can imagine.
 78

3. Big cities suffer ______ pollution than the countryside.

4. A teacher needs ______ calories than a farmer.
5. A healthy child requires _____ care than a sick one.
Remember!
A tag question is a short question. It follows a statement.
It’s added at the end, after a comma.
Overpopulation is a serious problem, isn’t it?
You haven’t bought the ticket, have you?
Most children want to have the freedom to do what they want, don’t they?
Note: A positive sentence has a negative tag (câu khẳng định dùng câu hỏi đuôi phủ định)
A negative sentence has a positive tag. (câu phủ định dùng câu hỏi đuôi khẳng định)
4. Check if the tags are correct. If they are not, correct them.
1. You live in the countryside, do you?
2. Immigration causes overpopulation in big cities, isn't it?
3. The city will have to find a solution to reduce traffic jams, won’t it?
4. The lives of people in overcrowded cities are getting more difficult, aren't they?
5. Lower death rate is one reason for population growth, is it?
6. These narrow streets can’t support more traffic, can’t they?
5. Complete the interview with the tags in the box.
Is it can’t we
don’t they isn’t it
Interviewer: Overcrowded places have a lot of problems, (1)______?
Guest speaker: Sure. Traffic jams, pollution, noise …
Interviewer: Traffic jam is the most serious problem, (2)______?
Guest speaker: Not really. We can see homeless people in many places in big cities, (3)______? The city
cannot build enough houses for all of its people.
Interviewer: So they live wherever they can, under a bridge, in a deserted house ...
Guest speaker: Yes, and some of them become criminals.
Interviewer: This shortage of accommodation is not easy to solve, (4)______?
Guest speaker: No, it isn’t.
SKILLS 1
Reading
Read the passage. Choose the correct heading for each paragraph.
A. Issues for everyone C. Problems for the poor
B. Population explosion D. Which are the biggest?
The rise of megacities!
1. ____________________________
Chances are, you are reading this article in a big city. Population growth is far faster than ever before
and that is especially true in cities like Tokyo and Shanghai.
2. ____________________________
People from the countryside move to cities to find work and a better standard of living. These cities are
so large they have been named megacities. The largest is Tokyo, followed by Shanghai, Jakarta, and
Manila. Some way behind is London, with a relatively small 15 million people.
3. ____________________________
However, life in cities is not always better. Homelessness is a big problem. When people do have
homes, they are often in slums where disease and poor healthcare are problems.
4. ____________________________
Problems affect richer people too. Traffic blocks roads for hours in cities like Bangkok and Mexico
City. Air pollution is so bad in some cities that people do not want to go out.
4. Read the passage again and choose the best answer A, B, or C.
1. The world’s population is ______.
A. growing slowly B. staying the same C. growing quickly
 79

2. Tokyo has ______ people.

A. below 15 million B. around 15 million C. much more than 15 million
3. Problems in big cities affect ______.
A. poor people B. people who live in slums C. everyone
4. Some problem that poor people face in cities include ______.
A. traffic and air pollution B. healthy problems and stress C. having no home or living in slums
5. When air pollution is bad, people ______.
A. only go out at night B. don’t go out C. move to smaller cities
Writing
4. Read the passage about the slum featured in ‘Slumdog Millionaire’. Underline the words/phrases to
describe Dharavi slum and to show the changes in its population.
Dharavi slum is in India. It is one of the largest slums in the world.
Today, the population of Dharavi is over one million. That is much bigger than in 1890. Then Dharavi was a
fishing village with a population of a few thousand people.
In 1950 the population was around one hundred thousand people. Since then, Dharavi has grown and grown!
5. Look at the chart below. It shows the population change in Ho Chi Minh City over the past 30 years.
Write a short paragraph describing the change. Use the passage in 4 to help you.

_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
 80

_______________________________________________________________________________________
LOOKING BACK
Vocabulary
1. Match the words with their definitions.
1. overcrowded 2. poor 3. peaceful 4. spacious 5. busy
A. too many people
B. to have very little money
C. calm and quiet
D. a large area where it is easy to move
E. a lot of things happening
2. Write a sentence for each of the following words.
Example:
Crime is a problem in big cities.
Crime 1. ____________________________________________
Healthcare 2. ____________________________________________
Disease 3. ____________________________________________
Poverty 4. ____________________________________________
Education 5. ____________________________________________
Grammar
3. Put an appropriate tag question at the end of each sentences. Then match the questions to their
answers.
Questions Answers
1. We have more tourists this year, _____________? a. No, there are fewer than last year!
2. You got stuck in a traffic jam on the way home, b. Yes, they do, particularly big cities in China.
_______________, Mum?
3. There will be a solution to this shortage of clean c. I hope there will.
water, ________________?
4. We should do something to reduce poverty, d. Yes, we should. But how?
_____________________?
5. Big cities suffer more from air pollution, ________? e. Yes, as always, dear.
4. Look at the situations and complete the effects with more, fewer or less.
Situation. A new factory will be built in my neighbourhood.
1. The factory will bring ______ jobs to local people.
2. ______ people will move here to work in the factory.
3. These people will need ______ water and electricity.
 81

4. There will be ______ space for children to play.

REVIEW 4 (UNIT 10-11-12)

LANGUAGE
Pronunciation
1. Listen to the conversation and mark the rising () or falling () intonation for each question.
Nick: Phong. The idea of riding to school on a monowheel is so exciting.
Phong: What’s a monowheel?
Nick: It’s a single-wheel bike.
Phong: Single-wheel? How do you ride it?
Nick: You just sit inside the wheel and pedal.
Phong: Hm …! Is it easy to fall?
Nick: I suppose so, but you should take adventures, shouldn’t you?
Phong: No, not me. Why do you like it?
Nick: Can’t you imagine? I can see people looking at me with admiration. Wow!
Vocabulary
2. Form a suitable word from the word stem to fill the sentences.
1. Have you found a __________ to that math Solve
problem?
2. Natural sources cannot provide enough money Crowd
to support this _________ world.
3. Do you know that we have ________ cars? Drive
They don’t need a driver.
4. Of all the __________ in the world, which one Invent
do you like best?
5. Playing outside is ____________ than staying health
outside.
3. Choose A, B, or C to complete sentences.
1. In Mongolia, dung is a kind of _________. People use it for cooking and heating.
A. energy source B. footprint C. accommodation
2. To save money, we learn to __________ some daily products like coca cola bottles.
A. keep B. reuse C. produce
3. In the green future, vehicles will be powered by __________.
A. solar energy B. coal C. gas
4. I am dreaming of a __________, which can take me to another place in seconds in any weather.
A. three-wheel bicycle
B. teleporter
C. sport car
5. Clean water which is __________ through pipes is called piped water.
A. supplied B. given C. run
Grammar
4. Use the verbs in brackets in the future simple active (will do) or the future simple passive (will be
done) to complete the sentences.
1. Children __________ to school in a jet pack. (fly)
2. Solar panels __________ to produce energy. (use)
3. All the slums in this area _________ for new multi-storey buildings. (demolish)
4. We ___________ robots to help us with some our housework. (have)
5. I hope someone ___________ a machine to do homework for me. (invent)
Everyday English
5. Put the sentences in the right order to form a conversation.
_______ a. On a tree?
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_______ b. Maybe. But that’s my DREAM.

___1 ___ c. Phong, tell me your dream.
_______ d. Slow but you can save energy. And my house is not far from school.
_______ e. And ... will you still go to school?
_______ f. Sure. But not on a crowded bus. I’ll pedal to school on a monowheel.
_______ g. I will have a small wooden house on a tree.
_______ h. A monowheel is slow.
_______ i. Yes, where I can be away from noise and I can hear birds singing.
_______ j. You sound unrealistic.
SKILLS
Reading
HUNGER
1. Which of the cause of hunger below do you think is the most serious in your country? Tick () it.
 Overpopulation
 Wars
 Weather-related disasters
2. Read the text and choose the best answer for each question.
Hunger has become a serious problem in many parts of the world.
The first cause of hunger is the fast growth of population. The Earth is no longer able to feed its more than
seven billion people. There is not enough land for growing food.
The change of climate also brings to the Earth more weather-related disasters such as storms and droughts …
They heavily destroy crops.
Wars are still happening. People are fighting, or running away from home. There’s nobody to work on the field
or in the factory to produce food.
Technology is working hard to help solve part of this problem. In the future, we will have warning systems to
reduce the loss from natural disasters. Low-cost means of transport will also be used to carry food to area-in-
need.
1. Drought is an example of _________.
A. weather-related disasters
B. a human activities
C. climate
2. One possible consequence of a war is that _________.
A. people will buy food from other countries
B. people cannot work to produce food
C. more disasters will happen
3. The problem of hunger can be solved with the help of _________.
A. expensive means of transport
B. technology
C. wars
Writing
6. Imagine an ideal means of transport for YOUR area. Write a short description of it.
In your writing, you should mention:
 The name you give to it
 What it is like
 What kind of energy it uses
 Why it is good for your area
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