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Chemistry-XI
Chapter No. 01:
Introduction to Fundamental
Concepts of Chemistry

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Qs−1.1: Calculate the number of moles in 40g of Na. Qs−1.4: Calculate the number of moles, number of
molecules present in 8 g of 𝑪𝟔 𝑯𝟏𝟐 𝑶𝟔 ?
Solution:
Given Data: Solution:
Given Data:
Mass of Na = 40 g
Mass of glucose =8g
Molar mass of Na = 23 𝑎. 𝑚. 𝑢
Molar mass of C6H12O6 = 12 6 + 1 12 + 16 6 = 180g
Number of Mole of Na = 𝑛𝑁𝑎 = ? ?
Avogadro’s number = 𝑁𝐴 = 6.02 × 1023
Formula: Number of moles = 𝑛 = ??
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g′ Number of molecules = ??
𝑛𝑁𝑎 =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 Formula:
40 Number of Mole
𝑛𝑁𝑎 =
23
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g′
𝑛𝑁𝑎 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟑 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒔 𝑛 =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
Qs−1.2: What is the mass of 4 moles of CO2? 8
𝑛 =
180
Solution:
𝑛 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟒 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆
Given Data:
Number of Molecules
Number of moles of CO2 = 𝑛𝐶𝑂2 = 4 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 𝑛 × 𝑁𝐴
Formula mass of CO2 = 44 g𝑚
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 0.04 × 6.02 × 1023
Mass of CO2 = ??
𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒆𝒔 = 𝟐. 𝟒𝟎𝟖 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟐 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒆𝒔
Formula:
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g𝑚′ Qs−1.5: A coin of silver (Ag) having 8.5 gm weight.
𝑛𝐶𝑂2 = Calculate the number of moles of silver in coin?
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
Solution:
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g𝑚′ = 𝑛𝐶𝑂2 × 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
Given Data:
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g𝑚′ = 4 × 44
Mass of Ag = 8.5 g
𝑴𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒊𝒏 ′𝐠𝒎′ = 𝟏𝟕𝟔 𝐠𝒎 Molar mass of Ag = 107 𝑎. 𝑚. 𝑢
Number of Mole of Ag = 𝑛 𝐴g = ? ?
Qs−1.3: Calculate the number of atoms present in 9.2
gm of Calcium (Ca). Formula:
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g′
Solution: 𝑛 𝐴g =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
Given Data:
Mass of Ca = 9.2 g 8.5
𝑛 𝐴g =
107
Molar mass of Ca = 40 𝑎. 𝑚. 𝑢
Avogadro’s number= 𝑁𝐴 = 6.02 × 1023 𝒏 𝑨𝐠 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆
Number of Atoms = ? ?

Formula: Q-1.6: How many moles are needed to prepare 40g of H2SO4?
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g′ Solution:
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠 = × 𝑁𝐴
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
Given Data:
9.2
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝐴𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑠 = × 6.02 × 1023 Mass of H2SO4 = 40 g
40
Molar mass of H2SO4 = 1 2 + 32 + 16 4 = 98 𝑎. 𝑚. 𝑢
𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝑨𝒕𝒐𝒎𝒔 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟖𝟒 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟑 𝑨𝒕𝒐𝒎𝒔
Number of Mole = 𝑛 = ??

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Formula: Number of Molecules
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g′ 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 𝑛 × 𝑁𝐴
𝑛=
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 0.111 × 6.02 × 1023
40
𝑛= 𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒆𝒔 = 𝟔. 𝟔𝟖 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟐 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒆𝒔
98
𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎𝟖 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆

Q-1.7: Calculate the number of moles and number of

molecules present in the following?
(a) 16 g of H2 CO3 (b) 20g of 𝑪𝟔 𝑯𝟏𝟐 𝑶𝟔 ?
Solution:
(a) Given Data:
Mass of H2CO3 = 16 g
Molar mass of H2CO3 = 1 2 + 12 + 16 3 = 62 𝑎. 𝑚. 𝑢
Number of Mole of H2CO3 = 𝑛 = ? ?
Number of molecules of H2CO3= ? ?
Formula:
Number of Mole
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g′
𝑛=
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
16
𝑛=
62
𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓𝟖 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆

Number of Molecules
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 𝑛 × 𝑁𝐴
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 0.258 × 6.02 × 1023
𝑵𝒖𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒆𝒔 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟑 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒆𝒔

(b) Given Data:

Mass of glucose = 20 g
Molar mass of C6H12O6 = 12 6 + 1 12 + 16 6 = 180g
Avogadro’s number = 𝑁𝐴 = 6.02 × 1023
Number of moles = 𝑛 = ??
Number of molecules = ??
Formula:
Number of Mole
𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑖𝑛 ′g′
𝑛=
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
20
𝑛=
180
𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏𝟏 𝒎𝒐𝒍𝒆

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