PROBLEMS 69

■ The equivalent resistance of a network of resistors
Combine resistors in series by adding their resistances.
Combine resistors in parallel by adding their conductances.
The wye-to-delta and delta-to-wye transformations are also an
aid in reducing the complexity of a network.
■ Short circuit Zero resistance, zero voltage; the current in
the short is determined by the rest of the circuit.
■ Open circuit Zero conductance, zero current; the voltage
across the open terminals is determined by the rest of the circuit.

PROBLEMS
2.1 Determine the current and power dissipated in the resistor in 2.6 An automobile uses two halogen headlights connected as
Fig. P2.1. shown in Fig. P2.6. Determine the power supplied by the
battery if each headlight draws 3 A of current.

9V + 12 Ω
−

Figure P2.1

2.2 Determine the voltage across the resistor in Fig. P2.2 and the
power dissipated.
+ −

2A 12 Ω 12 V

Figure P2.2 Figure P2.6

2.3 In the network in Fig. P2.3, the power absorbed by Rx is

20 mW. Find Rx. 2.7 Many years ago a string of Christmas tree lights was manu-
factured in the form shown in Fig. P2.7a. Today the lights are
manufactured as shown in Fig. P2.7b. Is there a good reason
2 mA Rx for this change?

Figure P2.3

2.4 In the network in Fig. P2.4, the power absorbed by Gx is

20 mW. Find Gx. (a)

12 mA Gx

Figure P2.4
(b)
2.5 A model for a standard two D-cell flashlight is shown in
Figure P2.7
Fig. P2.5. Find the power dissipated in the lamp.
1-Ω lamp
2.8 Find I1, I2, and I3 in the network in Fig. P2.8.

2A
1.5 V 5A
4A
A
8A
I1
B I3
6A
I2 C 4A
1.5 V 3A

Figure P2.5 Figure P2.8

70 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2.9 Find I1 in the network in Fig. P2.9. 2.13 Find Ix, Iy, and Iz in the network in Fig. P2.13.

3 mA Ix
6 mA
12 mA
20 mA

I1
4 mA −+
Iy
Figure P2.9
4 mA

2.10 Find I1 in the network in Fig. P2.10. Iz 2 mA

Figure P2.13
I1
2.14 Find Ix in the circuit in Fig. P2.14.
6 mA

+
−
10 mA 5Ix
2 mA
Ix 2 mA
Figure P2.10
Figure P2.14

2.11 Find I1 in the circuit in Fig. P2.11. 2.15 Find Ix in the network in Fig. P2.15.

I1
2Ix 3Ix
4 mA 12 mA
4 mA Ix

Figure P2.15
+ 12 mA
−
2.16 Find I1 in the network in Fig. P2.16.
2 mA

Figure P2.11

2Ix

2.12 Find Io and I1 in the circuit in Fig. P2.12. Ix I1

4 mA
5 mA
2 mA
4 mA
Figure P2.16

I1 2 mA
+− 2.17 Find Vbd in the circuit in Fig. P2.17.

a b c
+ +−
+ 4V −
− 6V +
Io 3 mA 12 V + 2V
−
−
Figure P2.12

d
Figure P2.17
 PROBLEMS 71

2.18 Find I1 in the network in Fig. P2.18. 2.22 Find VBE and VDA in the circuit in Fig. P2.22.

A − 6V + B

+ −
2Ix 4 mA
8V 12 V
− VDA VBE +
6 mA Ix F C

6 mA
6V − + 24 V
+ −
I1

Figure P2.18
E + 4V − D
Figure P2.22
2.19 Find I1, I2, and I3 in the network in Fig. P2.19.

2.23 Find Vx and Vy in the circuit in Fig. P2.23.

I3

+ + +
12 mA

Ix Vy 12 V Vx
4 mA
I2 − − −
+−
2Ix 2Ix 6V
6V + − 4V
I1 +
−
Figure P2.19

Figure P2.23
2.20 Find Vf b and Vec in the circuit in Fig. P2.20.

a b c d
−+ +− 2.24 Find Vac in the circuit in Fig. P2.24.
+ 1V −
− 12 V 3V + a b c
+
+−
2V 3V 4V −
+ − 3Vx +
12 V + Vx = 2 V
−
g − 2V + f − 1V + e −
Figure P2.20
Figure P2.24
2.21 Given the circuit diagram in Fig. P2.21, find the following
voltages: Vda, Vbh, Vgc, Vdi, Vfa, Vac, Vai, Vhf, Vfb, and Vdc.
8V 12 V 2.25 Find Vad and Vce in the circuit in Fig. P2.25.
a + − b − + c
a b c
+ − 1V + − +
Vx = 2 V
20 V
4 Vx + + 12 V
− − −
d e f

+ + + e + 1V − d
16 V 8V 14 V Figure P2.25
− − −

g + − h − + i
12 V 4V
Figure P2.21
72 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2.26 Find Vo in the circuit in Fig. P2.26. 2.30 If Vo = 3 V in the circuit in Fig. P2.30, find VS.
Ix − Vx + 12 kΩ
−+
4Ω 12 Ω +
12 V
VS + 9 kΩ Vo = 3 V
−
2 Ix + + Vo − + Vx
− − −

Figure P2.30

2.31 Find the power supplied by each source in the circuit in

Figure P2.26 Fig. P2.31.

4 kΩ 2 kΩ
+−
2.27 Find V1, V2, and V3 in the network in Fig. P2.27.
12 V
6V + 6 kΩ
+ −

Vx 6V + + 2Vx
– –
3 kΩ 3 kΩ
– – V2 +
Figure P2.31
+–
+ + +
4V 2.32 The 10-V source absorbs 2.5 mW of power. Calculate Vba
V1 6V V3 and the power absorbed by the dependent voltage source in
Fig. P2.32.
– – –
2 Vx
Figure P2.27 2 kΩ a 3 kΩ
−+
−
2.28 Find Vo in the network in Fig. P2.28. 20 V + Vba 10 kΩ Vx
−
Vx +
+ − 5 kΩ
−+ −+
4Ω + 2Ω + b
4 Vx 10 V
− VA + 2 VA Vo
12 V + − Figure P2.32

− − 2.33 Find Vbd in the network in Fig. P2.33.

Figure P2.28 a b c

3 kΩ 1 kΩ

2.29 Find V1, V2, and V3 in the network in Fig. P2.29. 12 V + + 4V

− −
+

+ d
V1 − 4Vx 6V
+ − Figure P2.33
− − V2 +
+−
+ + 2.34 Find V1 in the network in Fig. P2.34.
4V
− Vx +
+ Vx
12 V
− V3
10 kΩ + 5 kΩ
− − Vx
+ 25 V V1 +
− − 4
Figure P2.29
−

Figure P2.34
 PROBLEMS 73

2.35 Find the power absorbed by the dependent source in the 2.39 Find VA in the network in Fig. P2.39.
circuit in Fig. P2.35. 2Ω 1Ω
4 kΩ 10 kΩ
+
+−
2Ω + 12 V
60 V −
20 V + + 2000 Ix
− − 4V
Ix

6 kΩ 10 kΩ
VA + 1Ω
Figure P2.35
−
−

2.36 In the network in Fig. P2.36, find Vx , VAE , and VBD if I = 3 A. Figure P2.39

VX 2.40 If the 12-V source in the network in Fig. P2.40 absorbs

A B C 36 W, find R and V0.
−+
2Ω 1Ω 1Ω

1Ω 2Ω
+ 24 V
−
F D

12 V +
−
36 V + 3Ω +
−
R Vo
I
E −
Figure P2.36
Figure P2.40

2.37 In the network in Fig. P2.37, find VS if VEB = 6 V. 2.41 If VX = −12 V in the network in Fig. P2.41, find VS and VBA.

A I 1Ω B
A 1 kΩ B 4 kΩ C

4V + + VS
2 kΩ VEB + VS
− −
−

E D +
3 kΩ
Figure P2.37 1Ω 2Ω VX

−
D C
2.38 Find VS in the circuit in Fig. P2.38, if VBE = 18 V.
Figure P2.41

A 3 kΩ B 2 kΩ C 2.42 Calculate the power absorbed by the dependent source in

the circuit in Fig. P2.42.
4 kΩ 2 kΩ
VS + VBE + 12 V +−
− −
12 V
−
1.5 Vx + Vx 6 kΩ
E 1 kΩ D

Figure P2.38
3 kΩ 3 kΩ
Figure P2.42
74 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2.43 Find VA and Vo in the circuit in Fig. P2.43. 2.47 Find Io in the network in Fig. P2.47.

I 2⍀ 2 VA
+−
12 mA 2 kΩ 6 kΩ 3 kΩ

12 V + VA Vo + 24 V Io
− −
Figure P2.47
2⍀ 4⍀
Figure P2.43
2.48 Find Io in the network in Fig. P2.48.

2.44 Find Vo and the power absorbed by the 2 kΩ resistor in

Fig. P2.44.

+ Vo − 6 kΩ 12 mA 12 kΩ 12 kΩ

Io
1 kΩ 2Vx
+− Figure P2.48
+

12 V + 2 kΩ Vx
−
−
2.49 Find the power supplied by each source in the circuit in
3 kΩ
Fig. P2.49.
Figure P2.44

2.45 Find the power absorbed or supplied by the 12-V source in 4 mA 1 kΩ 2 kΩ 2 mA 5 kΩ

the network in Fig. P2.45.
12 V I
−+
Figure P2.49

4 Vb + − 2Va
− +
2.50 Find the current IA in the circuit in Fig. P2.50.
+ +
Va 2 kΩ 4 kΩ Vb

− − 4 kΩ 7 mA 1 kΩ 2 kΩ 3 mA 5 kΩ

Figure P2.45 IA

Figure P2.50
2.46 Find Vo in the circuit in Fig. P2.46.

− VX +
2.51 Find VS in the network in Fig. P2.51.
6V

−+
1 kΩ +

1 kΩ 1 kΩ
I 1 kΩ
2Vx
2 mA
k VS
+ +
2 VX + Vo
1 kΩ
VX
− 2 kΩ
−
− −

Figure P2.46 Figure P2.51

 PROBLEMS 75

2.52 Find Io in the circuit in Fig. P2.52. 2.56 Find Io in the network in Fig. P2.56.

1 kΩ 6 kΩ 4 kΩ 12 kΩ
2
V
12 A Io
k X k
+ 12 mA 6 kΩ
2 kΩ
VX
Io
3 kΩ
−

Figure P2.52

Figure P2.56

2.53 Find Io in the network in Fig. P2.53.

2.57 Find Io in the network in Fig. P2.57.

1 kΩ 1 kΩ
V
6 mA 2 kx 2 mA 8Ω
+
Io 1 kΩ
VX
6Ω 5A 3 Vx
+
−
4Ω Vx
Figure P2.53
Io
−

Figure P2.57

2.54 Find Vo in the circuit in Fig. P2.54.

+
2.58 Determine IL in the circuit in Fig. P2.58.
1Ω
VX
2Ω 2Ω 2A Vo Ix
2 +
3Ω + IL
VX 6 mA 3 mA
− V1 6 kΩ 2 kΩ 3 kΩ
−
3 Ix
−
Figure P2.54

Figure P2.58

2.55 Find Io in the network in Fig. P2.55.

2.59 Find RAB in the network in Fig. P2.59.

A 2 kΩ
4 kΩ
3 kΩ
1 kΩ
6 mA 2IX
RAB 4 kΩ 6 kΩ
3 kΩ
3 kΩ
6 kΩ Io
IX
B
Figure P2.55 Figure P2.59
76 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2.60 Find RAB in the circuit in Fig. P2.60. 2.65 Find RAB in the circuit in Fig. P2.65.

A 2 kΩ 2 kΩ
2 kΩ 2 kΩ 1 kΩ

RAB 2 kΩ 2 kΩ 1 kΩ
2 kΩ 2 kΩ

2 kΩ 2 kΩ 1 kΩ 4 kΩ 4 kΩ
B
Figure P2.60 A
2 kΩ RAB 2 kΩ
B
2.61 Find RAB in the circuit in Fig. P2.61.

2 kΩ 2 kΩ
A
Figure P2.65
9 kΩ 2 kΩ 2 kΩ

RAB 12 kΩ 4 kΩ 2 kΩ 2.66 Find the equivalent resistance Req in the network in

Fig. P2.66.

B
Figure P2.61
12 Ω

2.62 Find RAB in the network in Fig. P2.62. 12 Ω

A 5 kΩ 4 kΩ

12 Ω 12 Ω
4 kΩ
RAB 6 kΩ 3 kΩ 8 kΩ
3 kΩ

Req
B
12 Ω 12 Ω 12 Ω
Figure P2.62

2.63 Find RAB in the circuit in Fig. P2.63.

Figure P2.66

12 kΩ
A 2.67 Find RAB in the network in Fig. P2.67.
2 kΩ 6 kΩ
A
RAB 4 kΩ 12 kΩ

12 Ω 3Ω
6Ω
B
Figure P2.63 RAB
2Ω

2.64 Find RAB in the network in Fig. P2.64. 4Ω

3Ω

6 kΩ B
A
2Ω
6 kΩ 2 kΩ Figure P2.67

RAB 6 kΩ

B
Figure P2.64
 PROBLEMS 77

2.68 Given the resistor configuration shown in Fig. P2.68, find 2.71 Determine the total resistance, RT, in the circuit in Fig. P2.71.
the equivalent resistance between the following sets of ter-
minals: (1) a and b, (2) b and c, (3) a and c, (4) d and e, 24 kΩ 9 kΩ
(5) a and e, (6) c and d, (7) a and d, (8) c and e, (9) b and
d, and (10) b and e.
24 kΩ 24 kΩ 18 kΩ
a
6 kΩ
RT 1 kΩ

10 Ω 8 kΩ 8 kΩ 9 kΩ
5Ω 5Ω

b d
Figure P2.71
e

4Ω 4Ω
12 Ω
c

Figure P2.68

2.69 Determine the total resistance, RT, in the circuit in Fig. P2.69.

12 kΩ 12 kΩ

4 kΩ 12 kΩ

12 kΩ 12 kΩ
2 kΩ 12 kΩ
12 kΩ
RT
1 kΩ
12 kΩ 12 kΩ
1 kΩ
12 kΩ 12 kΩ
12 kΩ 12 kΩ

Figure P2.69

2.70 Determine the total resistance, RT, in the circuit in Fig. P2.70.
16 kΩ 6 kΩ

2 kΩ 16 kΩ

12 kΩ 6 kΩ
3 kΩ 12 kΩ 6 kΩ
12 kΩ
RT

3 kΩ 12 kΩ
12 kΩ 12 kΩ
12 kΩ

Figure P2.70
78 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2.72 Find the power supplied by the source in the network in 2.76 Find Io in the network in Fig. P2.76.
Fig. P2.72. All resistors are 12 kΩ.
6 kΩ

12 mA 12 kΩ 12 kΩ 12 kΩ

Io

12 A Figure P2.76

2.77 Determine Io in the circuit in Fig. P2.77.

6 kΩ

12 kΩ 4 kΩ
2 kΩ
Figure P2.72
4 kΩ 16 kΩ
− 12 V Io
+
2.73 Find I1 and Vo in the circuit in Fig. P2.73.

Figure P2.77
2 kΩ 8 kΩ +

12 V + 6 kΩ 4 kΩ Vo
−
2.78 Find V1 in the network in Fig. P2.78.
I1
−
10 Ω
Figure P2.73

5Ω 6Ω
2.74 Find I1 and Vo in the circuit in Fig. P2.74.

I1 2 kΩ +
24 V + 8Ω V1 4Ω
−
6V + 12 kΩ 4 kΩ Vo
−
− 3Ω 3Ω
Figure P2.74 Figure P2.78

2.75 Find Vab and Vdc in the circuit in Fig. P2.75.

2.79 Find Vab in the circuit in Fig. P2.79.
+ Vab −
a b
30 V + −
2Ω 5Ω a Vab b
+−
20 V + 3Ω 4Ω
−
9Ω 15 Ω 10 Ω 6Ω
4Ω + d 3Ω

Vdc 1Ω 2Ω
Figure P2.79
−
c 2Ω
Figure P2.75
 PROBLEMS 79

2.80 Find Vab in the network in Fig. P2.80. 2.84 Find Io in the network in Fig. P2.84 if all resistors are
6 Ω.
5Ω 3Ω 2Ω

3Ω 5A 6Ω 6Ω

2Ω 3Ω 4Ω
6A
a b
Vab
Figure P2.80
Io

2.81 Find I1, I2, and V1 in the circuit in Fig. P2.81.

Figure P2.84

4Ω 2Ω

2.85 Find Io in the circuit in Fig. P2.85.

3A 6Ω 3Ω
6Ω I2

6Ω 3Ω
6Ω 4Ω V1 6Ω 2Ω
6Ω
I1 3Ω 4Ω +
36 V −
Figure P2.81 3Ω
6Ω
Io
6Ω 3Ω
2.82 Determine Vo in the network in Fig. P2.82.
Figure P2.85

5 kΩ
2.86 Determine the power supplied by the 36-V source in the
18 mA 3 kΩ 30 mA circuit in Fig. P2.86.
+
1 kΩ Vo
− 12 kΩ
Figure P2.82

54 kΩ 72 kΩ

2.83 Calculate VAB in Fig. P2.83. 18 kΩ 36 V + 72 kΩ

− 18 kΩ
B
3 kΩ
VAB 4Ω 4Ω 2Ω

6Ω 4Ω 6Ω 2A 6 kΩ
Figure P2.86
A
2Ω 4Ω 2Ω
Figure P2.83
80 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2.87 Find the power supplied by the current source in the net- 2.91 If VR = 15 V, find Vx in Fig. P2.91.
work in Fig. P2.87. All resistors are 12 Ω.
4Ω 4Ω 3Ω
+

4Ω
12 Ω 12 Ω 12 Ω 12 Ω

+ Vx 3A 2A 5Ω VR
4A −
12 Ω

12 Ω 12 Ω 12 Ω 12 Ω 8V +
−
−

Figure P2.87 Figure P2.91

2.88 In the network in Fig. P2.88, V1 = 12 V. Find VS.

2.92 Find the value of IA in the network in Fig. P2.92.
4 kΩ
12 V
+ V −
2 kΩ 1 1 kΩ −+
VS + 6 kΩ 4 kΩ 3 kΩ
−

2Ω 2Ω +

Figure P2.88
2Ω IA 2Ω 4V

−
2.89 In the circuit in Fig. P2.89, Vo = 2 V. Find IS.
Figure P2.92
12 Ω 2Ω 8Ω +
2.93 If V1 = 5 V in the circuit in Fig. P2.93, find IS.
10 Ω IS 3Ω 4Ω Vo
V1 = 5 V
+ −
−
10 kΩ
Figure P2.89
4 kΩ IS 6 kΩ 3 kΩ

2.90 In the network in Fig. P2.90, V1 = −14 V. Find VS. Figure P2.93

1 kΩ 4 kΩ 2 kΩ 2.94 Given that Vo = 4 V in the network in Fig. P2.94, find VS.

+ V1 −
−+ +−
+ 3 kΩ 2 kΩ +
7 kΩ 8 kΩ VS 5 kΩ VS 6V
−
3 kΩ 12 kΩ 2 mA 1 kΩ Vo = 4 V

−
Figure P2.90
Figure P2.94
 PROBLEMS 81

2.95 Find the value of VS in the network in Fig. P2.95 such that 2.99 If the power supplied by the 2-A current source is 40 W,
the power supplied by the current source is 0. find VS and the power absorbed by the 5-V source in the
network in Fig. P2.99.
3Ω 8Ω
2A
5Ω

+ 18 V 3A VS +
− −
5Ω

10 Ω
2Ω 6Ω
Figure P2.95 5V + 5Ω 5Ω + VS
− −

2.96 In the network in Fig. P2.96, Vo = 6 V. Find IS.

Figure P2.99

3 kΩ 1 kΩ
+
2.100 The 40-V source in the circuit in Fig. P2.100 is absorbing
IS 7 kΩ Vo 2 kΩ 2 kΩ
80 W of power. Find Vx.
−
3A

Figure P2.96
20 Ω 5Ω 10 Ω
2.97 Find the value of V1 in the network in Fig. P2.97 such that
Va = 0.
6Ω

8V
2Ω
10 Ω 5A + 40 V
−+ −
+
2Ω + Vx
−
Va 2Ω 4Ω 2Ω V1 +
−
V1 +
−
− Figure P2.100

Figure P2.97

2.101 Find the value of the current source IA in the network in

2.98 Find the value of IA in the circuit in Fig. P2.98. Fig. P2.101.

IA 4Ω 2Ω + 6V 3Ω 4Ω
−
2Ω
6Ω Vo = 12 V
4Ω +
2A
− +
4Ω + 4V IA 2Ω
− 6V 2Ω 4V

– −
Figure P2.98 Figure P2.101
82 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2.102 Given Io = 2 mA in the network in Fig. P2.102, find VA. 2.106 Find the value of Vx in the circuit in Fig. P2.106 such that
the power supplied by the 5-A source is 60 W.

Vx
+ VA 1 kΩ +−
6 mA −
6V
−+ 1Ω 1Ω
1 kΩ 3A

1 kΩ 2 kΩ 2 kΩ

Io

Figure P2.102
4Ω
2.103 Find the value of Vx in the network in Fig. P2.103, such
that the 5-A current source supplies 50 W.
5V + 2Ω 2Ω 5A
2Ω −
+−
Vx
Figure P2.106
4Ω

4Ω

5V + 2Ω 2Ω 5A
− 2.107 Find the power absorbed by the network in Fig. P2.107.

6 kΩ 6 kΩ
Figure P2.103
21 V

2.104 Given Io = 2 mA in the circuit in Fig. P2.104, find IA. 12 kΩ +−

2 kΩ 18 kΩ

6V + 1 kΩ 2 kΩ
− Figure P2.107
6V
+−
IA 2.108 Find the value of g in the network in Fig. P2.108 such
1 kΩ 2 kΩ 1 kΩ that the power supplied by the 3-A source is 20 W.

Io Ix
1Ω 2Ω
Figure P2.104 3A
gIx
2.105 Given Vo in the network in Fig. P2.105, find IA.

2Ω 2Ω

1 kΩ IA 1 kΩ Figure P2.108

+−
1 kΩ +
12 V
6V + 2 kΩ 1 kΩ Vo = 4 V
−
−

Figure P2.105
 PROBLEMS 83

2.109 Find the power supplied by the 24-V source in the circuit 2.113 If Vo in the circuit in Fig. P2.113 is 24 V, find the value
in Fig. P2.109. of IS.

4Ω + 12 V 2Ω
12 kΩ 12 kΩ −
IS

12 kΩ +− 12 kΩ +
2A
24 V
16 V + 5Ω 4Ω Vo = 24 V
12 kΩ 12 kΩ −
−

Figure P2.113
Figure P2.109

2.114 Find the value of VS in the network in Fig. P2.114.

2.110 Find Io in the circuit in Fig. P2.110.
VS
1 kΩ 1 kΩ
−+
12 Ω 12 Ω + +

2VX + 1 kΩ 1 kΩ VX 1 kΩ
− 8V
+ 24 V
− − −
12 Ω

8Ω 14 Ω Figure P2.114

Io
2.115 Find the power supplied by the 6-mA source in the net-
Figure P2.110 work in Fig. P2.115.

2.111 Find Io in the circuit in Fig. P2.111.

2Ω Io 4 kΩ 12 kΩ

9Ω 3Ω 12 kΩ
12 kΩ

36 V + 12 Ω 4Ω
−
6 mA 12 kΩ
12 Ω 5Ω

18 Ω
Figure P2.111 Figure P2.115

2.112 Determine the value of Vo in the network in Fig. P2.112.

12 kΩ 2.116 Find Vo in the circuit in Fig. P2.116.

+
IS
6 kΩ 18 kΩ −+
3 kΩ +
2000 IS
4 kΩ 6 kΩ Vo 12 V + 5 kΩ Vo
−
−
12 V +
−
Figure P2.116
−

Figure P2.112
84 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2.117 Find Vo in the network in Fig. P2.117. 2.121 Find Vo in the circuit in Fig. P2.121.

I Vo
+−
2 kΩ + Iy
2 Vo
24 V + 4 kΩ Vo 2Ω 2Ω
− Vx
6A 2Iy
− 2 +
1Ω
Figure P2.117 Vx

−
2.118 Find I1 in the network in Fig. P2.118.

Figure P2.121
8Ω

I1 I2

60 V + 4Ω 6Ω 3 I2 12 Ω 4.5 A
−

Figure P2.118

2.119 A single-stage transistor amplifier is modeled as shown in

Fig. P2.119. Find the current in the load RL.
RS = 1 kΩ

+
Rb = 250 Ω
VS = 250 mV 100 Ib Ro = 4 kΩ RL = 400 Ω

− Ib Io

Figure P2.119

2.120 Find Io in the circuit in Fig. P2.120.

2.122 A typical transistor amplifier is shown in Fig. P2.122.
Vo Find the amplifier gain G (i.e., the ratio of the output volt-
age to the input voltage).
Io
100 Ω 4 kΩ
2Ω
+
4A 2A 2Vx
+ VS = 250 mV + 5 kΩ 500 Ω – 300 Ω Vo
1Ω
– +
Vx 4 × 105 Ib
Ib
−
−
Figure P2.122

Figure P2.120
 PROBLEMS 85

2.123 Find Vx in the network in Fig. P2.123. 2.125 Find I1, I2, and I3 in the circuit in Fig. P2.125.

I3 I2
Vo

1Ω
6Ω Ix 3Ω 4 I1 + 8Ω 2A + 24 V
− −
4A 2Ix
+
3Ω 6Ω 2Ω Vx I1
−
Figure P2.125

Figure P2.123
2.126 Find Io in the network in Fig. P2.126.

2.124 Find Vo in the network in Fig. P2.124.

Vo
− 8Ω
Vx
1Ω 2Ω
+ 6Ω 5A 3 Vx
2Vy 6A 4Vx +
+
2Ω 2Ω 4Ω Vx
Vy Io

− −

Figure P2.126
Figure P2.124

2.127 Find the power absorbed by the 12-kΩ resistor on the

right side of the network in Fig. P2.127.

4 kΩ 12 kΩ

Vx
5 mA 2 kΩ Vo 12 kΩ
2000
+

Vx 3 kΩ

− −

Figure P2.127

2.128 Find the power absorbed by the 12-kΩ resistor in the net-
work in Fig. P2.128.

4 kΩ

6 mA 4 kΩ 3 Io Vo 12 kΩ

6 kΩ 3 kΩ

Io −

Figure P2.128
86 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2.129 Find the value of k in the network in Fig. P2.129 such

that the power supplied by the 6-A source is 108 W.

4Ω

6A 6Ω kIo 12 Ω

6Ω 3Ω

Io

Figure P2.129

2.130 If the power absorbed by the 10-V source in Fig. P2.130 2.131 If the power supplied by the 2-A current source in
is 40 W, calculate IS. Fig. P2.131 is 50 W, calculate k.

6Ω 4Ω 5Ω 5 Ω I1 2Ω 4Ω
+

+ 10 Ω Is 15 Ω Vx + 10 V + 5Ω 2Ω
0.6Vx − − 50 V 2A kI1
−
−

Figure P2.130
Figure P2.131

TYPICAL PROBLEMS FOUND ON THE FE EXAM

2FE-1 What is the power generated by the source in the network 2FE-2 Find Vab in the circuit in Fig. 2PFE-2.
in Fig. 2PFE-1?
a. −5 V c. 15 V
a. 2.8 W c. 3.6 W
b. 10 V d. −10 V
b. 1.2 W d. 2.4 W
a
5 kΩ

10 Ω
6 kΩ 18 kΩ
5Ω
4A
12 kΩ
120 V + Vab
−

4 kΩ 6 kΩ 15 Ω
10 Ω

Figure 2PFE-1
b

Figure 2PFE-2
 TYPICAL PROBLEMS FOUND ON THE FE EXAM 87

2FE-3 If Req = 10.8 Ω in the circuit in Fig. 2PFE-3, what is R2? 2FE-6 Find the power supplied by the 40-V source in the circuit
in Fig. 2PFE-6.
a. 12 Ω c. 8 Ω
a. 120 W c. 212 W
b. 20 Ω d. 18 Ω
b. 232 W d. 184 W

4Ω

Req 8Ω 50 Ω
R2

20 Ω 40 V + 25 Ω 100 Ω 3A
−
2Ω + 100 V
−
Figure 2PFE-3

2FE-4 Find the equivalent resistance of the circuit in Fig. 2PFE-4 Figure 2PFE-6
at the terminals A-B.
a. 4 kΩ c. 8 kΩ
2FE-7 What is the current Io in the circuit in Fig. 2PFE-7?
b. 12 kΩ d. 20 kΩ
a. 0.84 mA c. 2.75 mA
b. −1.25 mA d. −0.22 mA
A
12 kΩ

6 kΩ 12 kΩ
3 kΩ 4 kΩ
RAB 6 kΩ 12 kΩ
12 kΩ − 12 V 12 kΩ
4 kΩ +

B
6 kΩ
Figure 2PFE-4

6 kΩ 3 kΩ 6 kΩ
2FE-5 The 100-V source is absorbing 50 W of power in the net-
work in Fig. 2PFE-5. What is R? Io
a. 17.27 Ω c. 19.25 Ω
b. 9.42 Ω d. 15.12 Ω Figure 2PFE-7

10 Ω 10 Ω 2FE-8 Find the voltage Vo in the network in Fig. 2PFE-8.

a. 24 V c. 36 V

R b. 10 V d. 12 V

5A + 100 V
− 1 kΩ 2 kΩ
+ 200 V
− +
3 kΩ 24 mA 6 kΩ Vo
Figure 2PFE-5 −

6 kΩ

12 kΩ

Figure 2PFE-8
88 CHAPTER 2     RESISTIVE CIRCUITS

2FE-9 What is the voltage Vo in the circuit in Fig. 2PFE-9? 2FE-10 Find the current Ix in Fig. 2PFE-10.

a. 2 V c. 5 V a. 1/2 A c. 3/2 A
b. 8 V d. 12 V b. 5/3 A d. 8/3 A
1Ω 1Ω

1Ω + Ix

2A 2Ω 4A 3Ω Vo 12 V + 3Ω 8Ω
− 10 Ω
−
2Ω
Figure 2PFE-9

Figure 2PFE-10