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ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКА ШКОЛА ОНЛАЙН 1


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ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКА ШКОЛА ОНЛАЙН 2


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Hal2 + !2 = 2HHal ( Hal — 60-073%/F 4/+8"7 02"+0 -07"-$%9 )

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&07B80%%(, 0 4('*0 '$0-91 (6 8")%$+ 60 %0-'(80%%5:
t
2H2 + O2 = 2H2O
t
H2 + S = H2S

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ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКА ШКОЛА ОНЛАЙН 3


S$'$) "*4/)(8 1 20*(, 5*( %$ 8/5875B23 0%( "4%ó8%/=, 0%( */47"2%/= 870-
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T*4/)/ H(2(Bt( G02'(B 0*2/8%" '$0-9B23 (6 8")"B 6 928"'$%%5+ 79-(8:

Li2" + !2" = 2LiOH

Na2" + !2" = 2NaOH

T*4/)/ Q$'/7(B 20 M7B+(%(B 1 0+O"2$'%/+/. K"%/ 8601+")(B23 (6 */4-


7"20+/ 20 79-0+/ 6 928"'$%%5+ 4"7$F:

Al2"3 + 6!Cl = 2AlCl3 + 3!2"


t
Al2"3 + 2NaOH = 2NaAlO2 + 2!2"

T*4/) Q"'9 ( 8/;( "*4/)/ !0'>"%9, G(2'"-$%9, S/7(D(B, I"4O"'9, S973-


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928"'BB2345 */47"2/:

#2"5 + 3!2" = 2!3#"4

#2"5 + !2" = 2!#"3

S"3 + !2" = !2S"4

S/7(D(F(IV) "*4/) (6 8")"B %$ '$0-91.

ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКА ШКОЛА ОНЛАЙН 4


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ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКА ШКОЛА ОНЛАЙН 5


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ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКА ШКОЛА ОНЛАЙН 6


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%(= %$+$207(.%/= 87042/8"42$F:
M O2, S, Se
Q Br2, Se, As
K S, N2, O2
W F2, Cl2, Br2

2. N'"0%07(69F2$ 28$')#$%%5:
L. :$207(.%( 87042/8"42( – D$ 6)02%(423 02"+0 $7$+$%20 8())0802/
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4. A420%"8(23 8()&"8()%(423 +(# "*4/)"+ (1–3) ( F"-" -()'02"+ (M–V):


1 SO3 M Fe(OH)3
2 Fe2O3 Q H2S
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W H2SO3
V H2SO4

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ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКА ШКОЛА ОНЛАЙН 7

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