NAME: BSIT 1B 12/10/2021

Lesson 1

1. Draw a timeline of Ferdinand Magellan as per account of Antonio

Pigafetta from their arrival at Zamal now Samar Island to the death of the
Captain General.

1512
March 16: Sighting of Zamal (Samar), one of the Philippine Islands. They landed
on the uninhabited island of Humunu (Homophon) where they encountered
fishermen from the nearby island of Zuluan (Suluan). They traded supplies with the
locals and learned the local culture and the names of nearby islands while their
sick crew members recuperated.
March 28: They anchored off the island of Mazaua (Limasawa) where they met
two rulers on a hunting expedition on the island, Rajah Kulambo and Rajah Siawi,
of the Rajahnate of Butuan and Calagan (Surigao), respectively. Magellan and his
crew spent a few days as the guests of the rulers.
March 31: First Mass in the Philippines held in Limasawa.
April 3: The fleet sets off for Cebu, guided by the balangay warships of Rajah
Kulambo.
April 7: Arrival at Zubu (Rajahnate of Cebu). Magellan starts converting natives to
Christianity, including Rajah Humabon, the ruler of Cebu.
April 27: Death of Magellan in the Battle of Mactan. Serrano and Barbosa are
voted co-commanders.
May 1: At a local banquet Barbosa and 27 sailors (including Afonso de Góis, the
new captain of Victoria after the election of Barbosa and Serrano) are murdered
and Serrano captured, later killed. The three remaining ships escape to the island
of Bohol.
May 2: There are not enough men to handle three ships, thus the worm-
infested Concepcion is burned down. Two ships remain: Victoria and Trinidad.
Gonzalo Gomez de Espinosa becomes captain of Victoria. Joao Lopez Carvalho is
made as the Captain General. The ships sail to Mindanao, Mapun, Palawan,
and Brunei.
September 21: Carvalho is replaced by Espinosa as Captain-General. Juan
Sebastian Elcano becomes captain of Victoria.

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 1. Make a document analysis by identifying remarkable facts presented
in the document.

- A. Background of the Author Antonio Pigafetta (1480-1531)

Antonio Pigafetta is a famous Italian traveller and a Venetian scholar. He is

also known as Antonio Lombardo or Francisco Antonio Pigafetta. He was
born in a wealthy family in Vicenza in Northeast Italy on 1491. His parents
are Giovanni Pigafetta and Angela Zogathe and he is the eldest child among
the three child. In his youth, he studied

astronomy, geography, cartography, but studied navigation the most. He

served on the board of ships of the Knights of Rhodes at the beginning of
16th century. On 1519, he

accompanied the Papal Nuncio Monsignor Francisco Chieregati to Spain. At

around 30 years old, he heard in Seville that Magellan will have an
expedition and he decided to join. It is under the flag of King Charles I of
Spain. The voyage started on August 1519 to Maluku islands (Moluccas) and
to the Spice Islands. He served as Magellan's assistant and kept an accurate
journal that was translated later on to Cebuano language. It is the

first recorded document in the said language. He accepted the title of

supernumerary (sobresaliente) and a salary of 1,000 maravedis (various
Iberian coins of gold and silver

between 11th and 14th centuries). On April 1521, he was wounded at the
battle in Mactan, Cebu (Philippines) wherein Magellan was killed. The 18
men out of 240 and

Pigafetta who joined the voyage with Magellan returned to Spain on

September 1522 after the battle. They were accompanied by Juan Sebastian
Elcano on board of the

Victoria. These men who survived complted the first circumnavigation of the
world. He died on 1531 at Vicenza, Republic of Venice at the age of 40-50
years old. Pigafetta's surviving journal was the source about Magellan and
Elcano's voyage. One warship of the Italian Navy (a destroyer of the
Navigatori class) was named after Pigafetta in 1931.

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 Lesson 2

1. What is the concept of nationalism according to Emilio Jacinto?

Nationalism for Emilio is to claim the rights of the people, spread peace
-
in the nation, and stop the colonization of the Spanish Empire. Their
resolve and unity cannot be hindered, together as one, all can be
achieved.
2. According to Jacinto, who were qualified to join the secret society?
A nation is born into freedom on the day when such a people, moulded
-
into a nation by a process of cultural evolution and sense of oneness born
of common struggle and suffering, announces to the world that it asserts
its natural right to liberty and is ready to defend it with blood, life, and
honor."
3. Make a document analysis by identifying remarkable facts presented in
the document.
 Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangan Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (KKK) or
Katipunan is ostensibly the most imperative association that shaped Philippine
history. While hostile to frontier developments, endeavors, and associations had
just been built up hundreds of years preceding the establishment of the Katipunan,
it was just this association that imagined the accompanying; 1. A united Filipino
nation that would revolt against the Spaniards for the total independence of the
country from Spain. Previous armed revolts had already occurred before
foundation of the Katipunan, but none of them envisioned a unified Filipino nation
revolting against colonizers. Katipunan created a complex structure and a
defined value system that would guide the organization as a collection aspiring
for single goal. One of the most important Katipunan documents was the
Kartilya ng Katipunan. The original title of the document was “Manga Aral Nang
Katipunan.” The document was written by Emilio Jacinto in the 1896. Jacinto was
only 18 years old when he joined the movement. He was

EVENTS

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 March 16, 1521
Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the Philippines and was quickly busy setting the
groundwork for establishing a new colony in Spain.

March 17,1521
Magellan directed his men to anchor their ships on Homonhon Island beaches,
where he had friendship with Rajah Calambu, the chief of Limasawa, who had
taken him to Cebu.Therefore, the local chiefs were expected to supply the ships
with food and pay the King of Spain forms of tribute. Despite Magellan alerts and
threats of abuse, Lapu-Lapu, one of the two chiefs inside Mactan Island, declined
to give in to foreigners.

April 26, 1521 (Friday)

Magellan was suggested by Rajah Humabon and Datu Zula to go to Mactan Island
and kill rival chief Datu Lapu-Lapu. Magellan agreed, and was ready for battle. In
an invasion of Mactan Island where Lapu-Lapu had rallied his

April 27, 1521

Supporters, Magellan led a force of 49 heavily armed and Armored men. The
Spanish could not bring their ship, or more importantly their cannon, within the
range of the defenders because of the difficult topography of the waters. They
decided instead to fight with muskets and hand-to-hand guns.

The fighting had been vicious. The Spaniards killed many natives

April 27, 1521

Because of their superior weaponry. However, after the natives remembered and
turned to him, Magellan himself was killed, and knocked his helmet off his head
twice. A native then thrust a bamboo spear into the captain's face and they all
thrust at him.

May 1, 1521
In his will, Magellan provided that his interpreter, Enrique, was to be released
upon his death. After the Battle of Mactan, however, the masters of the remaining
ships refused to set Enrique free. Through the aid of Rajah Humabon, Enrique fled
his indenture in the wake of the deaths of nearly 30 crewmembers The Spaniards

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 offered the native goods in return for the body of Magellan, but they were refused
and his body was never recovered.

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