Implementation dc motor as

servomotor by using arduino

and optical rotary encoder

Clifton Jeremy Martis

4NM19EC043

Department of
Electronics & Communication Engineering
 • Introduction

• Uses of servo motor

• Components

• Conclusion

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 Introduction

• When we control a motor by means of

servomechanism, it would be referred as
servomotor.
• Servomotor was first developed by Yaskawa in
1960s.
• A servo motor provides accurate and also fast
response.

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 Introduction
• With servomotors we can get high torque in a
small and light weight packages.
• There are two types of servomotors. They are
AC servomotors and DC servomotors.

• Fig. 2 AC servomotor
Fig. 1 DC servomotor
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 Uses of servomotor
Some of the uses are
• Cameras
• Telescopes
• Antennas
• Elevator technology
• Robotics and conveyor belts for industries
• Toy cars, aeroplanes

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Fig. 3 industrial robots

fig. 5 antenna

Fig. 4 conveyor belts 06

 Components

• DC motor

• Optical rotary encoder

• Motor driver

• Arduino microcontroller

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 • DC motor is a device which converts direct
current electrical energy into mechanical
energy.

• They are simple to install and easy to maintain

Fig. 6 DC motor

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 Optical Rotary Encoder
• An optical rotary encoder is a device which
detects optical signals that have passed
through the slits, converts them into electrical
signals.
• It has a light source (LED), light sensor and a
disk called optical disk with slits.

Fig. 7 optical rotary encoder

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 Optical Rotary Encoder

• The light source is typically an LED. Instead of

using a visible light, an infrared light is usually
transmitted.

• The light sensor is a photodiode which is

sensitive to infrared light.

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 Optical Rotary Encoder

• A disk used is placed between the light source

and the light sensor. It is connected to the
shaft of the motor.

• As the disk is rotated, light passes through a

translucent slots and is blocked by the opaque
areas between the slots.

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Fig. 8 Optical Rotary Encoder diagram

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 Motor driver and Arduino
• A motor driver acts as an interface between a
motor and control circuit.

• The Arduino microcontroller doesn’t provide

high output power

• The motor driver helps in providing sufficient

power to the motor.

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Fig. 9 motor driver

Fig. 10 Arduino uno

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 • It was required to built a servo motor with
wide rotation angle and high torque.

• We have used a DC motor with gearbox,

motordriver and an optical encoder.

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• While the cost of a servo motor increases as
the rotation range gets wider.

• Therefore a servomotor using an optical rotary

encoder will reduce the cost.

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 [1] Ali Abdyaseer Kadhum , Munther Mohammed Abdulhussein,
Implementation dc motor as servomotor by using arduino and optical
rotary encoder, Elsevier, pp. 01- 05, 2021.

[2] Moyeed Abrar, interfacing a servo motor with Arduino uno

microcontroller, International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Vol.
10, Issue, 02(E), pp. 31010-31014, February, 201

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 Clifton Jeremy Martis
4NM19EC043

Department of ECE 20