Consiruetion of a lDC machine

A DC machine consists of two main parts

i) Stationary part. It is desncd mainly for producing a magnctic flux
11) Rotating part. It is calledkie armaturc, where mechanical energy is converted into
electrical or electrical cnergy into mechanical.
Shaft Field windings
Commutator
segments
IN Commutator
Armature

5
7 conductors

Interpole
Pole shoe
N Frame or yoke
ouiabe wnte the construction of de machine

i) part. It is called the armature, where mechanical energy is converted into

Rotating
electrical or electrical energy into mechanical.
Field windings
Shaft
Commutator N Commutator
segments
Armaturee
conductors
S

- Interpole

Pole shoe
Frame or yoke

1) Magnetic Frame or Yoke:

. I t provides mechanical support for the poles and acts as a protecting cover for the whole
machine

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 Page vew raw Migligh Ecase

1) Magnetic Frame or Yoke

It provides mechanical support for the poles and acts
machine
as aprotecting cover for the whole
It carries the
magnetic flux produced by the poles
The material used for yoke is cast iron silicon steel
2) Pole core and pole shoes:
Pole shoe will serve two main purposes

They spread out the flux in the air gap and also being of larger cross section, reduce the
reluctance of the magnetic path
They support the exciting coils or field coils
Pore itself may be
core a solid piece made out of either cast iron or steel and it is laminated
with small pieces
 They support the exciting coils or field coils
Pore core itself may be a solid
piece made out of either cast iron or steel and it is lar
with small pieces

Pole core x
Pole shoes

Pole coils

Mr. K. Shankar, Assistant Professor

Mr. K. Praveen Kumar Yadav, Assistant Professor
 ED Page view Draw Highignt Erase
the necessary IIUx.

3) Armature core:

It houses the armature conductors or coils and causes them to rotate and hence cut the magnetic
flux of the ficld magnets in addition to this its most important function is to provide a path of very
low reluctance to the flux through the armature from a N pole to S pole.

Laminators- Slot
Tech

Koy way

Air holes Alir holes

(a) (b)
Air holes Slots

o 000 Ooo
 Jig trae
.

Air holes
(a)
(b)
Air holes
Slots

o
o00 oo
Segmemal Key way
lamination
(c)
The armature conductors are placed in the slots
The armature core is also a thin laminated core.

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2ecture
Page e
lamination
Key way
(c)

The armature conductors are placcd in the slots

The armature core is also a thin laminated core.

4) Brushes and bearings:

Thg function of the brushes to collect the current from commutator and are usually made dfcarbon
ofgraphite
Bearings are used form sooth operation
5) Armature windings:
Armature windings are made up of Copper material.
The armature winding is housed in slots on the surface of the armature. The conductors of each coil
are so spaced that when one side of the coil is under a north pole, the opposite is under a south pole
There are two types of windings: a) lap winding b) wave winding

For lap winding, number of parallel paths always equal to no. of poles (A=P). This is used for highee
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Lecture-1|Construction of a DC Machine | DC Generator
23 a
D Page view Hghgh Erae
5) Armature windings:
Amature windings are made up of Copper material.
The armature winding is
housed in slots on the surface of the armature. The conductors of each coil
are so
spaced that when one side of the coil is under a north pole, the
opposite is under a south pole.
There are two types of
windings: a) lap winding b) wave winding
For lap winding, number of
parallel paths always equal to no. of poles (A=P). This is used for high
current, low voltage applications.
For wave winding, number of parallel
paths equal to two (A=2). This is used for high voltage, Bow
current applications.

EMF Equation of a DC Generator:

Mr. K. Shankar, Assistant Professor
Mr. K. Praveen Kumar Yadav, Assistant Professor

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