CHAPTER (5) CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusions.
This project presents the significance of using maintenance based on faults diagnosis using
vibration analysis. And encompasses the way in which a machine’s vibration motion is
captured using transducers and converted into electrical signals. These signals are then
collected with data collectors/analyzers which process the signals. Transformation of the
electrical signal to its components by the analyzers, and information and documentation
related to vibration data form a part of the signal processing.
After processing the signals, analyzers can give an output of more meaningful data that can
be correlated with defects arising in machines or their components.

Following are the main concluding remarks:-

 There are basically only two types of raw signals that are emitted from machines, These
are the time waveforms and the phase reference. These signals are very difficult to
interpret in their original state and are thus subject to further processing. The fast
Fourier transform processes the time waveform to produce a frequency domain picture
and this tool remains to be the single most powerful tool for vibration fault diagnosis of
rotating machines. At times, the FFT reaches its limitations and ends up giving a
probable list of defects with an inability to resolve any further. At this stage, phase
analysis allows resolution of these defects.
 Understanding signal processing helps us to comprehend how the signals are
transformed to generate different signal representations.
 Equipment in distress sends out signals that are not within the perception range of
human senses. In the quest for early detection of these signals, techniques like
ultrasonics and infrared thermography evolved as additional predictive maintenance
techniques.
 Signal processing (wavelet analysis) is very important to extract of low frequency
component.
 Care must however be taken when frequency range is not fully covered by the
harmonics of the excitation force for identification of this problem the autospectrum as
achieved by the pulse multi analyzer are valuable tools.
 A reference reading i.e. vibration reading when the machine is new have to be taken ,
these readings will help in future for comparing.

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 CHAPTER (5) CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

 faults diagnosis by vibration analysis is a most valuable input in assuring continued

operation, and when deciding and justifying major maintenance actions.

 Analysis of the vibration signal to determine the actual type of fault present will allow
for more accurate estimation of the remaining life, the replacement parts that are needed,
and the maintenance tools, personnel, and time required to repair the machinery.
 A diagnostic template can be developed for the different types of faults that are common
in a given facility or plant by listing various faults that usually develop in machinery in
terms of the forcing functions that cause them and specific machine types.
 Common problems include unbalance, misalignment, looseness, rubs, oil whirl, etc.

5.2 Recommendations for future work:

 The main recommendation for future work is that enough data have to be provided over
a span of time.
 Reference reading have to be provided i.e. the vibration reading when the machine was
new and in well conditions.
 To provide instruments with means to store and reply the data.

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