Review of the present tenses

Present simple Present Continuous

Form S+V-s/-es (III sg.) S+am/are/is+V-ing
A: I play I am playing
you play You are playing
he/ she/ it plays He/she/ it is playing

S+ don’t/ doesn’t+V S+am/ are/is not+V-ing

N: inf I am not playing
I don’t play You are not playing
You don’t play He/she/ it is not playing
He/she/it doesn’t play
We don’t play
You don’t play
They don’t play
Do/ Does+S+V inf ? Am/ Are/ Is +S+ V-ing?
I: Do I play? Am I playing?
Do you play? Are you playing?
Does he/she/ it play? Is he/she/ it playing?
Present Simple Present Continuous
Time never (right) now
adverbs hardly ever at the moment
 sometimes at present
usually currently
often these days
always still
every day/ morning today
(on) Mondays tonight

Types 1.General truths 1.Actions happening at

of The sun rises in the the moment of speaking
actions east. He is making coffee now.

2. Permanent/ general 2. Temporary situations

states She is working as a shop
He lives in London. assistant this summer.

3. Habits or routines 3. Annoying habits

She goes to the gym You are always taking my
every day. things.

4. Timetables 4. Fixed future

The train leaves at 8. arrangements
We’re going to Rome this
 weekend.

5. Changes/ transitions
It is getting colder,
winter is coming. 😊

Spelling -ss misses -E ING

-sh washes make – making
-ch +ES watches
-x mixes double consonant (short
-o goes vbs)
run - running
Consonant+Y IES IE Y+ing
try-tries lie - lying

Stative verbs
These are the verbs that don’t usually have an -ing form
(they describe a state rather than an action)
1. Verbs that show preferences: like, love, adore, hate,
dislike, want, wish
2. Verbs that show possession: belong, have, own,
possess,
 3. Verbs of “thinking”: agree, believe, consider,
imagine, know, mean, think, remember, recall,
recognize
4. Verbs related to the senses: appear, feel, see, hear,
smell, taste
*Some of these verbs can take an -ing ending with a
slight change of meaning
e.g. The soup tastes delicious. – stative verb (no action)
I am tasting the soup to check it for salt. – active verb

I have a lot of friends. - possession

I am having a party with my friends. – phrasal verb

Review of the present tenses

Present Perfect Present Perf.Continuous
Form S+have/has(III sg.)+V-ed S+have/has(IIIsg) been+V-ing
A: I have played V3 I have been playing
you have played You have been playing
 he/ she/ it has played He/she/ it has been playing

S+ haven’t/ hasn’t+V -ed S+haven’t/hasn’t been+V-ing

N: I haven’t played I haven’t been playing
You haven’t played You haven’t been playing
He/she/it hasn’t played He/she/ it is hasn’t been playing

Have/ has+S+V-ed ? Have/ Has +S+ been+V-ing?

I: Have I played? Have I been playing?
Have you played? Have you been playing?
Has he/she/ it played? Has he/she/ it been playing?
Present Perfect Present Perf. Continuous
Time -since -since
adverbs -for -for
-just -lately
- already -recently
- yet (negative and - all week/morning
interrogative) - so far
- lately -how long
- recently
- so far
- ever
- never
Types 1. A recent action which 1.Puts emphasis on the duration
of happened at an unstated time of an action which started in the
actions in the past (emphasis on the past and continues in the present
action) They have been working on the
She has moved into a new project for two hours.
house.

2. An action which started in 2. For an action that started in the

the past and is still continuing past and lasted for some time. The
in the present.
action might be finished or still
You have been a student for going on. The result is visible in
11 years. the present.
Mary has a stomach ache. She has
been eating chocolate all morning.

3. Personal experiences 3. Repeated action in the past

continuing to the present
Have you ever been to
Italy? I have been practicing my
vocabulary every day.

4.A recently finished action

whose results are visible in
the present 4.To express irritation, anger
She has just returned from She has been using my things
her holiday. without telling me.

Spelling Double the final consonant -E ING

on short vbs make – making
stop – stopped (CVC)
double consonant (short vbs)
Double the final consonant run - running
on longer vbs with a stress on
the final syllable
admít-admítted
Consonant+Y IED IE Y+ing
try-tried lie - lying

THE VERB TO GO has 2 forms:

HAVE GONE (to) – someone hasn’t returned

HAVE BEEN(to) – someone goes and returns