Doc.

No: VCE-EDS-0465-ST-REP-001
Seismic Analysis
Tank No : PJ042-AST001 Rev : 0
(Appendix E)
API 650, 13th Ed,March-2020,Errata 1, January 2021

Design Input Data

Seismic design Code UBC

AS 1997
1170.4-2007
Site Class/Site Sub-Soil Class D (Ce = D of ASCE 7 Code)
Z Hazard Factor 1
0.09
Sp Design level peak ground acceleration for sites not addressed by ASCE Method 0.090 g

S1 1.25*Sp,spectral response acceleration parameter at a period of 1 sec as per E.4.3-2 0.113 g

Ss 2.5*Sp,spectral response acceleration parameter at 0.2 sec as per E.4.3-1 0.225 g

TL Regional-depedent transition period for longer period ground motion,sec 4 sec

Rwi Response reduction factor for Impulsive mode per Table: E-4 4.0
Rwc Response reduction factor for convective mode per Table: E-4 2.0
I Importance factor 2.00

K Co-efficient to adjust the spectral acceleration 1.500

Q Scaling factor 1.000

Calculation of Seismic coefficient

Fa Acceleration based site coefficient per Table E-1 1.60

Fv Velocity based site coefficient per Table E-2 2.35

SDS Design 5% damped ,spectral response acceleration parameter at short period(0.2 sec)
=Q*Fa*Ss = 1 *1.6 * 0.225= 0.360 g

SD1 Design 5% damped ,spectral response acceleration parameter at a period of 1sec

=Q*Fv*S1 = 1 *2.35 * 0.1125= 0.265 g

SD0 Design 5% damped ,spectral response acceleration parameter at a period of zero sec
=Q*S0 = 1 *0.38= 0.380 g
Ts Fv S1/ (Fa Ss)=(2.35*0.1125)/(1.6*0.225)= 0.73 sec
To 0.2*Fv S1/ Fa Ss=(0.2*2.35*0.1125)/(1.6*0.225)= 0.15 sec
 Doc. No: VCE-EDS-0465-ST-REP-001
Seismic Analysis
Tank No : PJ042-AST001 Rev : 0
(Appendix E)
API 650, 13th Ed,March-2020,Errata 1, January 2021
Time period for impulsive mode as per E:4.5.1

Ti Natural period of vibration for impulsive mode of behavior

=( 1/ 2000^½) *( Ci * H /(tu/D)^½)*( ρ/E)^½
=( 1/ 2000^½) *( 6.14 * 3.3/(10/5)^½)*( 1830/199000)^½ 0.031 sec

Ci Coefficient Ci from Figure E-1 6.14

H Depth of liquid H 3.30 m
ρ Density of liquid 1830 kg/m³
tu Equivalent uniform thickness of tank shell 10.00 mm
D Tank inside diameter 5.000 m
E Youngs modulus for steel at design temperature 199000 MPa

Time period for convective mode as per E:4.5.2

Tc Natural period of the convective (sloshing) mode of behavior of the liquid

= 1.8* Ks* D^½ = 1.8 *0.59*5^½ = 2.38<=TL=0.4 2.38 sec

Ks = 0.578/(tanh(3.68*H/D))^½
= 0.578/(tanh(3.68*3.3/5))^½= 0.59

Spectral acceleration parameters

Ai Impulsive spectral acceleration parameter,Ai as per E.4.3

=Max(SDS*(I/Rwi),0.007)
=Max(0.36*(2/4),0.007) = 0.18

Ac Convective spectral acceleration parameter,Ac as per E.4.3

=Max[(K*SD1*(1/Tc)*(I/Rwc)),Ai]
=Max[(1.5**(1/2.38)*(2/2)),0.18]= Max[0,0.18] = 0.18

Av Vertival Earthquake acceleration coefficient

=0.14*SDS
=0.14*0.36 = 0.05
 Doc. No: VCE-EDS-0465-ST-REP-001
Seismic Analysis
Tank No : PJ042-AST001 Rev : 0
(Appendix E)
API 650, 13th Ed,March-2020,Errata 1, January 2021
Calculation for Effective impulsive and convective weight per E.6.1.1

Ws Total Uncorr. weight of tank shell and appurtenances, 5391 kg

52865 N

Wr Total Uncorr.weight of roof,framing & any welded attachments 2958 kg

29007 N

Wf Total Uncorr.weight of the tank bottom, 1684 kg

16514 N

Wp Total weight of the tank contents based on S.G of the product 118575 kg
1162752 N

Wi As D/H > 1.333, the effective impulsive weight per Eq.E.6.1.1-1

= [tanh(0.866*D/H)/(0.866*D/H)]*Wp = 766363 N

Wc The effective convective weight per Equation E.6.1.1-3:

= 0.230*(D/H)*tanh(3.67H/D)*Wp= 398872 N

Calculation of Center of Action for Ringwall Overturning Moment per E.6.1.2.1

As D/H > 1.333, the height Xi per Eqn.E.6.1.2.1-1

Xi = 0.375*H = 1.238 m

The height Xc is determined by Equation E.6.1.2.1-3:

Xc= [1-((cosh(3.67H/D)-1)/((3.67H/D)*sinh(3.67H/D)))]*H
= (1-((COSH(3.67*3.3/5)-1))/((3.67*3.3/5)*SINH(3.67*3.3/5)))*3.3
= 2.160 m

Calculation of Center of action for Slab Overtruning moment per E.6.1.2.2

As D/H > 1.333, the height Xis per Eqn.E.6.1.2.2-1

Xis= 0.375[1+1.3339(((0.866*D/H)/(tanh(0.866*D/H))-1)]*H
= 2.092 m

The height, Xcs, is determined by Equation E.6.1.2.2-3:

Xcs= [1-((cosh(3.67H/D)-1.937)/((3.67H/D)*sinh(3.67H/D)))]*H
= 2.388 m

The height of C.G of shell from the bottom of tank

Xs = (H2/2)
= 1.850 m
The heightof C.G of the roof and roof apprutenances from the bottom of tank shall
Xr = H2 +(D/2)*tanθ/3
= 3.850 m
 Doc. No: VCE-EDS-0465-ST-REP-001
Seismic Analysis
Tank No : PJ042-AST001 Rev : 0
(Appendix E)
API 650, 13th Ed,March-2020,Errata 1, January 2021
Calculation of Seismic overturning moments

Slab moment per E.6.1.5

Ms = ([Ai (WiXis+WsXs+WrXr)]²+[Ac(WcXcs)]²)½
= ([0.18 (766363*2.092+52865*1.85+29007*3.85)]²+[0.18(398872*2.388)]²)^½
= 368591 N-m

Ringwall moments per E.6.1.5

2 2 0.5
Mrw = ([Ai (WiXi+WsXs+WrXr)] +[Ac(WcXc)] )
= ([0.18(766363*1.238+52865*1.85+29007*3.85)]²+[0.18(398872*2.16)]²)^½
= 259837 N-m

Base Shear as per E.6.1

V Total design base shear,

= (Vi²+Vc²)^½ = (155654.82²+71796.96²)^½ 171416 N

Vi Design base shear due to impulsive component from effective tank & contents weight
= Ai*(Ws+Wr+Wf+Wi) 155654.82 N

Vc Design base shear due to the convective component of the effective sloshing weight
= Ac*Wc 71796.96 N

Check for Anchorage Requirement as per E.6.2.1.1.1

Anchorage Ratio (J) Calculation

J = Mrw/[D²*(Wt *(1 - 0.4*Av) + Wa - 0.4wint)]

=259837/[5²*(5213*(1-0.4*0.051) +5949.44 - 0.4*0)] 0.940 >0.785

Wa Resisting force of tank contents per unit length of shell circumference

that may be used to resist the shell overturning moment
=Min( 99*(tb-CAb) (Fy*M* H* Ge)^½ ,201.1*H*D*Ge)
= Min( 99*(10-1.6)*(280*1*3.3*1.793)^½,201.1*3.3*5*1.793) 5949.44 N/m
tb Thickness of bottom plate under the shell 10.0 mm
Fya Minimum specified yield strength of bottom annuals 280 MPa
Av Vertical earthquake acceleration coefficeient 0.0504
Ge Effective specific gravity including vertical seismic effects
= G*(1-0.4 Av) =1.83*(1-0.4 * 0.0504)= 1.793
H Maximum design product level 3.300 m
D Nominal diameter of tank 5.000 m
P Internal pressue =0 kPa 0.00 N/m²
wt Tank and roof weight acting base of shell
= [(Ws+Wr)/(π*D)] = [(52865+29007)/(π*5)]
= [(52865+29007)/(π*5)]= 5213 N/m
Design uplift load due to product pressure per unit circ. Length
wint 0 N/m
= ( π/4 * D^2 * P / π * D )=

Tank is uplifting but tank is stable for design load if shell compression requirement is satisfied
 Doc. No: VCE-EDS-0465-ST-REP-001
Seismic Analysis
Tank No : PJ042-AST001 Rev : 0
(Appendix E)
API 650, 13th Ed,March-2020,Errata 1, January 2021
Check for Dynamic Hoop Tensile Stresses as per E.6.1.4

Hp Equivalent Head due to Pressure Hp =P /9.8*G 0.000 m

H Maximum design liquid level (H) 3.30 m
H+Hp Total Design liquid height (H) =H+Hp 3.300 m

Product Hydrostatic membrane stress at base of the tank

Nh= 4.9 D(H-0.3)G = 4.9*5*(3.3-0.3)*1.83 134.51 N/mm

Impulsive hoop membrane force in tank wall due to seismic motion of liquid

Y = Distance from liquid surface to analysis point (positive down) 3.300 m

Ni = 8.48 Ai G D H [Y/H - 0.5 (Y/H)²] tanh (0.866 D/H)

= 8.48*0.18*1.83*5*3.3*[3.3/3.3 - 0.5 (3.3/3.3)²] tanh(0.866*5/3.3) 19.93 N/mm

Convective hoop membrane force in tank wall

1.85 Ac G D^2 cosh (3.68(H-Y)/D) 2.66 N/mm

Nc =
cosh (3.68 H/D)

Combined dynamic hoop tensile in shell as per E.6.1.4-6

σt = {[Nh+(Ni²+Nc²+(Av*Nh)²)^½]/t 18.539 N/mm²

t= corr.thk of bottom shell course 8.40 mm

As per E 6.2.4,Pemissable tensile stress is least of

(1) 1.33 *Sd = 1.33*164 218.1 MPa
(2) 0.9*Fy*E*M = 0.9*280*0.85*1 214.2 MPa

Permissable tensile stress Stallow =Min(1,2 ) 214.2 MPa

As σt < σtallow,OK

Summary of check for Combined Dynamic hoop stress in all shell courses
Total Distance Impu. Conv. Comb.
Shell Design Product Hydrostatic from hoop hoop dynamic Allow.
course liquid membrane stress liquid memb. memb. hoop tensile
Result
from height surface force Force tensile stress
Bottom H Nh Y Ni Nc σT
m N/mm m N/mm N/mm Mpa Mpa
1 3.3 134.5 3.30 19.93 2.66 18.5 214.2 ok
2 1.3 44.8 1.30 12.61 6.11 7.0 214.2 ok
 Doc. No: VCE-EDS-0465-ST-REP-001
Seismic Analysis
Tank No : PJ042-AST001 Rev : 0
(Appendix E)
API 650, 13th Ed,March-2020,Errata 1, January 2021
Check for Shell Compression under Seismic Force as per E.6.2.2.2

Tank Type Mechanically-Anchored tanks

σc Maximum longitudinal shell compression stress at the bottom of the shell,

[wt *(1+0.4*Av)+((1.273*Mrw)/D²)]*(1/(1000*ts))
[5213*(1+0.4*0.0504)+((1.273*259837)/5^2)]*(1/(1000*8.4))
2.21 MPa
Allowable Longitudinal Membrane Compression Stress in Tank Shell (Fc) per E.6.2.2.3

As GHD^2/t^2= 1.51< 44

Fc Min ((83*ts/(2.5*D))+(7.5*(G*H)^0.5)),0.5*Sy*M)
Min ((83*8.4/(2.5*5))+(7.5*(1.83*3.3)^½)),0.5*280*1)
Min (74.21,140) 74.21 MPa
ts Corroded thk of bottom shell course 8.4 mm

σc < Fa , Hence structurally safe.

Check for Freeboard Requirement as per E.7.2

Minimum required free board = 0.7 x ds = 0.000 m

ds Height of solshing wave = 0.42*D*Af 0.00 m

Af Acceleration coefficient for sloshing wave height calculation
=K*SD1*I*(1/Tc) for SUG_II as Tc<=4 0.0000
=1.5**2*(1/2.38) for SUG_II as Tc<=4

Maximum operating level = 3.30 m

Free board available = 0.40 m

Free board available > Min. required Free board. OK.

A freeboard of 0.7δs is recommended for economic considerations but not required.