Construction Tools | 75 Construction Tools

Name | Civil Engineering Tools | Building

Tools Names

By Komal Bhandakkar

Post Contents

 Construction Tools
 Construction Tools Name List for Building Construction
o 1. Measurement Tape
o 2. Trowel
o 3. Concrete Mixer
o 4. Sand Screening Machine
o 5. Rubber Boots
o 6. Gloves
o 7. Bump Cutter/Screed
o 8. Wooden Float/wooden Rendering Float
o 9. Plumb Bob
o 10. Wheel Barrow
o 11. Head Pan
o 12. Vibrator
o 13. Line Level
o 14. Framing Square
o 15. Crow Bar
o 16. Framing Hammer
o 17. Hoe
o 18. Torpedo Level
o 19. Chisel
o 20. Cordless Drill
o 21. Safety Glass
o 22. Block Plane / Jack Plane
o 23. Polishers
o 24. Measuring Box
o 25. Tile Cutter
o 26. Earth Rammer
o 27. Vacuum Blower
o 28. Flat Pry Bar
o 29. Digging Bar
o 30. Hand Saw
o 31. Measuring Wheel
o 32. Circular Saw
o 33. Ladder
o 34. Putty Knife
o 35. Bolster
o 36. Boning Rod
o 37. Brick Hammer
o 38. Backhoe
o 39. Binding Hook
o 40. Bulldozer
o 41. Bump Cutter/ Screed 
o 42. Core Cutter Machine
o Parts Of Core Cutter Machine
o 43. Dewatering Pump
o 44. Dozer
o 45. Drilling Machine
o 46. Dumpers
o 47. End Frames
o 48. Excavator
o 49. Forklift
Construction Tools
Construction tools play an important role in any construction work as they provide a good
finish and ease of work by reducing man work. There are different types of construction tools
and equipment used in construction.

Building tools have their influence from ancient times to this period. Only the tools were used
for scraping, cutting, chopping, hammering & moving in ancient times. But as development is
being done in this time, there are very new construction tools, which work very well & very
few people have requirements. 

This article gives details about some basic construction tools names and pictures pdf

Read More: 30 Types of Construction Equipment | Construction Machinery | Road

Construction Equipment

Construction Tools Name List for Building Construction

Some important 75 construction tools and equipment are listed below:

1. Measurement Tape
2. Trowel
3. Concrete Mixer
4. Sand screening machine
5. Rubber Boots
6. Gloves
7. Bump Cutter/Screed
8. Wooden Float/wooden rendering float
9. Plumb Bob
10. Wheel Barrow
11. Head Pan
12. Vibrator
13. Line Level
14. Framing Square
15. Crow Bar
16. Framing Hammer
17. Hoe
18. Torpedo Level
19. Chisel
20. Cordless Drill
21. Safety Glass
22. Block Plane / Jack Plane
23. Polishers
24. Measuring Box
25. Tile Cutter
26. Earth Rammer
27. Vacuum Blower
28. Flat Pry Bar
29. Digging bar
30. Hand Saw
31. Measuring Wheel
32. Circular Saw
33. Ladder
34. Putty Knife
35. Bolster
36. Boning rod
37. Brick hammer
38. Backhoe
39. Binding Hook
40. Bulldozer
41. Bump Cutter / Screed 
42. Core Cutter Machine
43. De-Watering Pump
44. Dozer
45. Drilling Machine
46. Dumpers
47. End Frames
48. Excavator
49. Forklift
50. Grader
51. Hand Drill
52. Hand Vibrator
53. Helmet
54. Hoist
55. Hydra Crane
56. Scoop
57. Jack Hammer
58. Line and Pins
59. Mixer Machine
60. Pick Axe
61. Pile Driller Machine
62. Plumb Rule
63. Wier Brush
64. Rebound Hammer
65. Road Header Machine
66. Road Roller
67. Safety Belt
 68. Scratchers
69. Skid Steer Loaders
70. Spade
71. Sprit Level
72. Straight Edge Brushes
73. Tower Crane
74. Trenchers Cutter
75. Water Level

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1. Measurement Tape

Measuring Tape

Measuring tapes are the most common construction tool made of ribbon of cloth, fiberglass, or
metal with proper linear-measurement markings for easy handling.

Use

Measuring tapes are utilized to measure distance, either short or long. The engineer’s tape is
designed to measure vast distances & it can more efficiently be carried in our toolkit or pocket.

2. Trowel
 Construction Trowels

A hand tool utilized for smoothing, digging, applying, or moving mortar or concrete is a trowel.

Trowels construction tools are categorized into the following types and subtypes;

I) Brick-laying Trowels

1. London trowel
2. Philadelphia trowel

II) Masonry Trowels

1. Pointing trowel
2. Gauging trowel
3. Margin trowel

 III) Finishing Trowels

1. Pool trowel
2. Margin finishing trowel
3. Duckbill trowel
4. Magnesium float

IV) Brick-laying Trowels

Especially for building walls, the brick-laying trowels are mostly in use & are designed so that
the whole production of mortar speeds up.
Following are two subtypes of brick-laying trowels;

London Trowel: London trowel is mostly used for laying the brick & it has a narrower heel.

Philadelphia Trowel: Philadelphia trowel is used explicitly for concrete block production
since it has a wider heel.

V) Masonry Trowels

In masonry structures, masonry trowels construction tools are used in repair type of jobs in
residential houses.

Pointing Trowel: For small spaces similar to replacing singular brick, the pointing trowel is
used.

Gauging Trowel: The gauging trowel is widely used for getting around pipes & other tight
areas.

Margin Trowel: The margin trowel appears in a kind of edges but is proper for filling mortar
into cracks.

 VI) Finishing Trowels

For smoothing the materials (i.e. cement & plaster), finishing trowels are mostly used.

A. Pool Trowel 

In a swimming pool, a pool trowel is used to smoothen the curved edges.

B. Margin Finishing Trowel 

Margin finishing trowel is the same as masonry trowel, but that margin finishing trowel is
relatively more extensive than the masonry trowel.

It is a more proper choice for pouring a concrete floor

C. Duckbill Trowel 

Duckbill Trowel is used to smooth out the materials tucked in compact spaces since it has a
curved and long edge.

D. Magnesium Float 

To obtain a more smooth & glossy finish, magnesium float pulls water to the cement’s surface.
3. Concrete Mixer

Concrete Mixer

Use

A concrete mixer, frequently termed a cement mixer, is a machine that homogeneously mixes
all the concrete ingredients, i.e., cement, aggregate, sand, gravel, and water, to develop a
good quality concrete.

A standard concrete mixer adopts a revolving drum for mixing the ingredients. This is one of
the most important construction tools.

4. Sand Screening Machine

The sand screening machine is one of the important construction tools to improve the quality
of the sand on-site.
 Sand Screening
Machine

Use

 In construction work, for sieving the sand, the sand screening machine is in use.
 For more easy separation of fine grain sand, sand is poured on the sieve & vibrates.
 Since only moist sand is available in many constructions, then, in that case, vibratory
action is more advantageous.

5. Rubber Boots
 Construction Safety Rubber
Boots

Rubber Boots are self-protecting equipment for employers to prevent their skin from chemical
or any hazardous contact.

It’s a legal obligation of an employer to take conscious steps to decrease the chance of
accidents & to reduce the sharpness of injuries & damage if an accident should happen.

Read More: What is Formwork and 6 Types of Formwork With Their Advantages

6. Gloves
 Hand Gloves

Construction workers’ hands are mostly exposed to various distinct hazards at the project site.

The glove can protect hands from chemicals, cuts, or burns & helps to do their respective job
efficiently.

7. Bump Cutter/Screed
 Construction Bump Cutter

Bump Cutter or Screed is principally made of wood & it is utilized for leveling the fresh
concrete and providing a most proper smooth surface in a concrete slab.

8. Wooden Float/wooden Rendering Float

 Wo
oden Float

Wooden float construction tools are used to provide a smooth finish to the plastered surface, a
wooden float tool is used.

9. Plumb Bob

Plumb Bob

A plummet, or plumb bob, is simply a weight with a pointed tip on the bottom & hung from a
string.
It is used as a plumb line, the standard verticle reference line, and one precursor to the spirit
level.

A plummet is utilized to stabilize a vertical datum.

10. Wheel Barrow

Construction Wheel Barrow

A wheelbarrow acts as a carrier, typically having only one wheel, consisting of a plate bolted to
two handles & two legs.

Use

 Wheel Barrow Tool is utilized for transportation of cement mortar or concrete or any
other material.
 In some cases, it is used for measuring the material’s quantity at the site where concrete
is being prepared.

11. Head Pan

 Head Pan

A Head Pan is used to transport materials like excavated soil, cement, concrete, etc., from one
place to another at a working site.

The Head Pan is usually made of iron & generally used at construction places.

Read More: Top 10 Civil Engineering Site Work

12. Vibrator

A concrete vibrator tool is mostly used at concrete pouring sites. 

The vibrator is adopted to assure that the pour is free of air bubbles, plus it is equal, which
serves to eliminate the honeycombed situation.

The vibrations make the dough liquefy, decreasing the internal friction of the mixed
components of cement, sand, aggregate, and water.

The standard efficient compaction of concrete can be done by using vibrators with various
speeds of vibration.

Following are the different types of concrete vibrators,

 Needle Vibrator
 Extended or Shutter Vibrator
 Surface Vibrator
 Vibrating Table

A) Needle Vibrator
 Needle Vibrators

They are the most commonly used vibrator for concrete, which mainly consists of a steel tube.

A needle vibrator is the most suitable choice to work on any concrete.

B) Extended or Shutter Vibrator

Extended or shutter vibrator

The Shutter vibrators are suitably clamped to the formwork horizontally & vertically at a
proper spacing in either direction.

The external vibrators are frequently utilized for precast thin in-situ sections of that shape &
thickness as internal vibrators can’t compact them.

C) Surface Vibrator

Surface Vibrator

For getting a more leveled & durable concrete surface, a surface vibrator is used to compact the
concrete.

That surface vibrator is designed to provide optimum vibration and durability and is situated
directly on the concrete mass. 

These are an excellent choice for compaction of shallow elements & should not be applied
when the depth of concrete to be vibrated is greater than 250 mm.

D) Vibrating Table
 Vibrating Table

A vibrating table is mainly used for precast members like curbstone, concrete pavers,
dewatering cover, different fences, sewer cover, etc.

It can 100% discharge the air within the concrete & fasten cement and other material like
sand, and stone particle mix; this will provide a greater hardness of the final products, which
is ideal.

These are rigidly constructed steel platforms installed on steel springs & driven by electric
motors.

The concrete is poured into molds mounted on the platforms & securely clamped to the
vibrating table to mold & concrete vibrate in joining.

13. Line Level

Line Level
Line Level is one of the smaller construction tools used for checking straight horizontal levels
in the following mentioned works;

 Plastering work
 Brickwork
 Flooring work
 Plumbing work
 Tile work

14. Framing Square

Framing Square

It is generally an L-shaped, two-foot framing square, which is also called a “carpenter’s

square” or a “steel square.”

That framing square tool is used in plastering work, Brickwork for checking the right angle.

It is also used for marking the angles for cuts used in building framing, especially in stair
stringers, roof rafters, and various other cuts or angles apart from 90°

With the help of framing square, some roof measurement data can measure alike:

 Rafter lengths
 Roof pitch or slope
 Stair stringer cuts
  End cuts
 Braces lengths & other construction measurements

15. Crow Bar

Crow Bar

A crowbar construction tool is a single metal bar curved at one end used in formwork to
remove nails from boards or force apart two objects.

16. Framing Hammer

Framing Hammer

A framing hammer has a more extended handle, more swing & it has a heavier head than the
trim carpentry hammer.

It also has a milled face for a better and safer nail gripping operation.
It has a magnetic edge on the head that permits us to hold & start a nail in with one swing and
then come back to drive it in.

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17. Hoe

Hoe

Hoe tool construction tools are used to excavate a trench or the earth and are used to place the
cement mortar or concrete in the mortar pan (a Mortar pan, also called a head pan).

18. Torpedo Level

 Torpedo Level

Torpedo Level is one of the types of spirit level that combines framing square and line-level.

The level’s body comprises either plastic or metal, and it includes two or three tube vials. That
tubes or vials mainly hold yellowish-green additives, and they are used to define the surface
level.

19. Chisel
 Chisel

Chisel construction tools are commonly practiced in woodwork & this is very beneficial for
removing the concrete bumps or wastes of hard concrete, i.e., excess concrete in the hardened
surface.

This tool has a cutting edge blade at one end, especially for manual cutting or carving of some
hard materials like stone, metal, wood, etc.

20. Cordless Drill

 Cordless Drill

Cordless Drill construction tools are an essential tool that is used to make pilot holes, replacing
jumper (i.e. a unique kind of drill should be implemented while drilling concrete)

21. Safety Glass

Safety Glass

Safety Eye Glasses are used for safety purposes while hacking/roughening, grinding, drilling,
etc.

Getting sand in the eyes is extremely painful plus dangerous. Small sand particles can scratch
the eye and can create permanent damage.  By wearing a  safety glass at those places can
protect eyes from such circumstances.

22. Block Plane / Jack Plane

 Block Plane / Jack Plane

A jack plane construction tool commonly a woodworking bench plane that is used indoor and
window woodworks for dressing timber down to size in preparation for truing and edge
jointing.

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23. Polishers

Polishers
Polisher construction tools are mainly in use for smoothening the wood or marble flooring
surfaces.

24. Measuring Box

Measuring Box

A container with a standardized volume, i.e., 1 Cubic Foot, and used to measure quantities of
cement, sand, aggregate, and mortar for creating a balanced mix of concrete and mortar. It is an
important construction tool to measure the proper volume of cement, sand, and aggregate on
the construction site.

Since it has fixed specific dimensions [300mm X 300mm X 400mm (length x width x depth)],
there is no need to weigh aggregate every time.

Measuring Box will make it easier to measure the mortar ratio or concrete ratio at the site
without compromising the accuracy.

25. Tile Cutter

 Tile Cutter

A tile cutter is used to cut the tiles at the appropriate size.

The tile cutter is helpful when the tile’s standard size is greater than needed at the corners
where the floor meets the wall.

26. Earth Rammer

Earth Rammer

The surface earth rammer is used to level the earth’s surface and make it even after ground
excavation.
That surface earth rammer consists of a big block of mostly square-shaped located at its bottom
end with which the ground can easily be leveled.

27. Vacuum Blower

Vacuum Blower

A vacuum Blower is a tool mainly used to clean the surface impurities, i.e., dust from the
surface area like a concrete slab or any floor surface.

28. Flat Pry Bar

Flat Pry Bar

A Flat Pry Bar tool is made of flat steel (standard dimension 2-inch x 15 inches), and it is used
in shuttering for separating any two elements that have been nailed to each other.

A flat bar is a valuable tool that is rarely used to adjust the column formwork to align.

29. Digging Bar

 Digging Bar

A digging bar tool is a straight, long solid metal bar with a pin shape at the bottom which is
used for numerous purposes, and they are as follows;

The digging bar tool is used to dig the hard surfaces of the ground.

It acts as a post-hole digger for breaking up or loosening hard, compacted materials like rock,
soil, concrete, and ice.

It also acts as a lever for moving objects.

30. Hand Saw

 Hand Saw

A hand saw (also called “panel saws“) is used in woodworks for cutting the wood materials
like windows, doors, slab panels, etc., into different shapes to join the pieces together & carve
a wooden object.

31. Measuring Wheel

Measuring Wheel
Measuring wheels are very simple devices. It consists of a wheel attached to a long handle with
a grip. As the wheel turns, it marks the revolving distance, quickly calculating the distance.

The flatter and smoother, the surface measuring wheel is moved up, the more accurately it can
determine the length.

Uses Of Measuring Wheel

Following are various uses and applications of the Measuring Wheel,

I) Construction Sites

A measuring wheel can be valuable on construction sites when you’re dealing with a rough or
uneven surface. Measuring wheels are often both rugged and lightweight, mostly used for
long-term construction projects. For small work, small wheels are used.

II) Gardening/Landscaping

For measuring the garden area, the measuring wheel is most suitable. Similarly, it is useful in
landscaping in various areas.

III) Railroad Work

In the rail industry, specially designed measuring wheels for measuring tracks. This work
makes it easy to get an accurate measurement, working with even surfaces.

Wheels are made of metal side plates to keep the wheel on the track. These wheels are different
from the standard wheels, as they’re meant to be used by a worker on foot.

IV) Surveyors 

Surveyors using these wheels, although it’s worth noting that they are used to record distance
and don’t account for other factors such as elevation.

32. Circular Saw

 Circular Saw

The spherical saw is for cutting various materials using a rotary motion, rotating around an
arbor using a power-toothed or abrasive disc or blade. A hole saw and ring saw also use a
rotary motion, but these are different from a circular saw.

Circular saws can also be used loosely for blades. Circular saws were invented in the late 18th
century, and saws were in everyday use in the United States until the mid-19th century.

In addition to circular saws, different saws that use circular saw blades include,

 Abrasive saw
 Biscuit joiner
 Brushcutter
 Carbide saws
 Cold saw
 Concrete saw
 Flip over saws (it is a combination of a compound miter and table saw)
 Mitre saw (chop saw, cut-off saw)
 Multi-tool (power tool)
 Panel saw
 Pendulum saw, or swing saw
 Radial arm saw
 Sally saw
 Swing blade sawmill
 Table saw
 Track saw, or plunge saw

Uses Of Circular Saw In Wooden Work

Circular Saw also has more applications in Wood Work as follows,

I) In Sawmills to Cut Large-Sized Timbers

Mills is used small to medium-scale circular saws to cut the large timber blocks. Nowadays,
sawmills are preferring more giant circular saws.

II) Cutting Logs into Firewood

 The circular saw cordwood saws are used to cut logs and slabs. They cut logs and turned them
into firewood by using the cordwood circular saw.  

III) Cutting Down Metals 

A type of circular saw, known as cold saws, is used to cut down metals such as bronze, brass,
and steel into a smaller and particular size. The large diameter of the saw with the sharp
edge’s teeth helps manufacturers cut down the metals with precision. 

IV) Straight Cuts

If you want to cut straight cuts or 90-degree cuts, use a circular saw. The circular saw is used
for cutting lumber, boards, or metals into different angles. Use a blade with a high number of
teeth for smooth cuts. Use the less teethed blade for fast and abrasive cuts. 

V) Cross-Cutting

Crosscutting is mostly used to shorten the long timber and boards of required sizes. The wood
is sliced like the grain. So, the grain quality remains higher if the carpenter uses a traditional
crosscut. The best way to get a crosscut comfortably is to use a circular saw. It effectively
crosses cutting boards and provides shorten blocks faster than a table.

33. Ladder
 Ladder

Ladders are portable; some are permanently fixed to a structure, building, or vertical access
equipment.

The ladder is made of metal, wood, or fiberglass; it has been made of rigid plastic.

Types Of Ladder

Various Ladder Types are listed below,

 Single Pole Ladders (maximum length 9 meters)

 Extension Ladders (maximum length 15 meters)
 Step Ladders (maximum height of 6.1 meters)
 Dual Purpose Ladders (stepladder hinged)
 Platform (podium) Ladders.

Uses Of Ladder

The ladder can be used in the following operations,

 A ladder is kept temporary with the support of a wall at the required angle for
assessment at a certain height. 
  A ladder is mostly used by laborers on-site for construction work.

34. Putty Knife

Putty Knife

Putty Knife is a thin plate with sharp edges and handles on another side for a strong grip
during work. The knife’s flexible blade is 0.51mm or 0.020″ thick. Putty Knives with a Stiff-
blade are 1 mm or .040″ thick, suitable for scraping.

Putty Knife Uses

Following are the uses of the Putty Knife,

 As its name is used to apply the putty layer on the wall.

 It is also used to fill the material in cracks on the wall.
 It is also used to fill the wood wall or plank’s filling material.
 By using a putty knife, wall scraping to make smooth surfaces.

35. Bolster
 Bolster

A bolster is an instrument used to cut the brick with smooth cuts. For rough cutting of bricks,
hammers are used instead of a bolster. Bolster has been handled for holding the grip with a
sharp edge to cutting.

Uses Of Bolster

Some of the operations where bolster is used are given below,

 It is used to cut the brick smoothly and correctly.

 Bolster also cut hard substances like stone, metal, etc.
 It also cleans the concrete and cement for smooth surfaces.
 Cutting tiles is very easy with bolster.

36. Boning Rod

Boning Rod
A boning rod is a wooden strip arranged in T-shapes to draw parallel and straight lines
appropriately with a certain distance. The horizontal stripe is 10mm deep, and the vertical
strip is 100mm deep.

Uses Of Boning Rod

Following are the applications of Boning Rod,

 Boning rods use horizontal lines or lines with a constant slope. 

 It is mainly used for setting out canal excavation works and for roads and dyke
construction. 
 To set out horizontal lines or lines with a continuous slope, the elevation of two points
on the line must be known.
 It can be substituted with a ranging rod to make a straight line or carry out a survey
process.

37. Brick Hammer

Brick Hammer

A brick hammer is a hand tool. It is very heavy with a heavy head of metal and handles
different types of material like wood, iron, steel, plastic, etc. it is also known as a stonemason’s
hammer.

Uses Of Brick Hammer

Brick Hammer has the following uses,

 Brick Hammer is generally used for chipping edges or small pieces of stone.
  It cut brick or a concrete masonry unit, and this hammer is also used by geologists when
collecting rock and mineral samples and is one of several types of geologist’s hammer.
 It can use to break too many kinds of bricks.

38. Backhoe

Backhoe

 A backhoe is excavating machine. It is a manually operated machine. It consists of a bucket

attached to a rigid bar hinged to a boom and drawn towards the operation device. A backhoe is
a large machine used to excavate a large soil amount.

In construction work, a backhoe is a machine that also excavates the soil and is loaded in
tracks. The standard backhoe digging bucket sizes are 13″, 18″, 24″, and 36″ including
routine teeth.

Uses Of Backhoe

A backhoe is used in performing the following operations,

I) Digging Up A Trench 

Using a backhoe for trench excavation is a very easy and less time taken process with good
work. The trenches are excavated properly with human power. 

II) Helps In Deforestation

If work many trees are obstructed, this machine can be used. It can be shifted to other places by
using backhoe buckets with cutting those trees. 

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III) Leveling a Road

During road work, the surface is not leveled at the required level. Sometimes, the hill portion is
to be cut, or sometimes there is depression, which is to be filled by soil. For this process, a
backhoe is needed during work. 

IV) Cleaning Up a Work Site

The field’s surface to be worked on is not clean; there are trees, shrubs, big stones, etc.; for
removing all these objects machine is required.

V) Removing Snow

During the winter season, snow blocks the roads. A backhoe is the best machine for removing
all the snow and making streets visible to the driver.

39. Binding Hook

Binding Hook
A binding hook is a construction instrument used to bind the steel on joints or junctions. The
binding Wire is 0.16 mm – 2 mm in diameter. A binding hook is a hook with a handle for grip.

It is made of different materials like wood, metal, etc. Binding weirs ties on joints or junctions
of steel grills.

40. Bulldozer

 The bulldozer correctly refers to only a tractor with a dozer blade. A bulldozer is a large and
heavy piece of equipment with a plate made of metal attached to collect large quantities of soil,
sand, snow, rubble, or similar material. Most bulldozer tractors are continuous track, also
termed a crawler.

Bulldozer

Bulldozers are found on large mines and quarries, large sites, military bases, engineering
projects, heavy industry factories, and farms for helping purposes. The bulldozer has primary
tools; they are the blade and the ripper.

A bulldozer is available in different sizes in the market, which can be purchased or rented
depending on your work requirements for a day or days. It can smoothly perform multiple
tasks, making it a very flexible and useful tool to have on-site for work. 
Uses Of Bulldozer

The dozer is used in different places for multiple tasks. Following are the ways to utilize the
equipment,

1. Moving Soil

A bulldozer can handle heavy-duty work requirements. The front blade is mighty enough to
push huge loads of material quickly; the machine can move soil and mud. It can also dig into
the earth and extract soil, which can then be dumped into other areas. It can be useful for both
cleaning and constructing works.

2. Demolition

Demolition works are significant for reconstruction. A bulldozer is a piece of perfect

equipment for such jobs. It can demolish any structure because the bulldozer has a powerful
engine made of strong and robust materials. The bulldozer can also clean and level the land
after demolition. Land renovation can never be complete without a bulldozer.

3. Military

A bulldozer is used heavily in the military. The bulldozer must be modified to meet a military
setup; the equipment used is essentially a bulldozer. A bulldozer fitted with bullet-proof glass is
often used when a path has to be cleared or move heavy objects. It is also used to detonate
mines.

4. Construction

Construction sites use a bulldozer mostly because it is multi-purpose. It can be used for
demolition, cleaning, moving, and dumping purposes, which are the most demanding
construction jobs. Using it makes it possible for construction teams to work with less
equipment, saving money and time. Hence it is ideal construction equipment.

5. Plowing

A bulldozer is often used to plow mud and snow after heavy rain and snowfall from the road.
The bulldozer’s blade can carry or push the materials aside to clear a road.

41. Bump Cutter/ Screed 

A bump Cutter / Screed is usually applying on the concrete surface to make it plan and well
finished. 
 Bump Cutter

An instrument used for constructing a flooring system is a screed that brings the floor to the
wanted thickness or height and presents it properly for a specified flooring.

The screed can also be categorized as a rehabilitation method. The pre-blended mortar mixed
with anhydrite-based binders and the cementitious binders will form the composition of
screeds.

Objectives Of Screed In Construction

The screed includes the following purposes,

 The screed must behave as a substrate suitable for the flooring type specified.
 The screed has to be laid in the schedule for work
 The screed must be durable in all service conditions without compromising internally
and externally for civil, industrial, and commercial flooring applications.

Characteristics Of Screeds

The screed must possess some unique characteristics to make it suitable to install in the
flooring system. These features will include,

 Sufficient Thickness
 Compactness
 Mechanical Resistance
 Properly Cured and Stable
 Crack Free 
 Clean and Dry
 Smooth
  Flat

42. Core Cutter Machine

Core Cutter Machine

Core cutting is a machine used to create an opening for pipes, wires, ventilating, or air
conditioning vents to fit through, and to avoid going through reinforcement, core cutting must
be carefully planned.

When need to do a core cut, then first locate the rebar using a metal detector, mark the rebar
position on the concrete surface and ensure the main reinforcement bars are not cut to do core
cut by adjusting the location.

Uses Of The Core Cutter Machine

Core Cutter Machine has the following uses,

 Creating a hole for installing ducts for A.C.s, pipes, etc.

 In old structures or bridges, it is used for strength testing samples.
 The reinforcement is never touched by a machine, whatever may be the reason for core
cutting, and core cutting is usually used.
 For making precise circular cuts for creating holes of required diameters Core Cutting is
used with a core drilling rod fitted with diamond pieces at the drilling end.
  For both horizontal and vertical holes, the core cutting machine can be used.

Parts Of Core Cutter Machine

The following parts of this machine;

 Jackscrew
 Column
 Water Valve
 Electrical Motor
 Gear Box
 Spindle &
 Stand

43. Dewatering Pump

Dewatering Pumps

Dewatering pumps are centrifugal pumps installed below the groundwater level to take out
water for water bodies and, this is performed to lower the water level and maintain the same
level. 

An example of dewatering pumps would be using it in underground mining, where water

penetrating the adits is then pumped up to the surface. 
Its general use is to remove water from a volume of liquid material along with solid material or
soil.

Pumps help remove liquid from liquid bodies, whereas dewatering pumps separate water from
another material, such as separating water from soil or sludge. 

Uses of Dewatering pumps

 For removing unwanted water in pits or trenches.

 It is also used to dewater well or tube wells.

44. Dozer

Dozer

Dozer is another name for bulldozer. The dozer correctly refers to only a tractor with a dozer
blade. A dozer is a large and bulky piece of equipment with a plate made of metal attached to
collect large quantities of soil, sand, snow, rubble, or similar material. Most dozer tractors are
continuous track, also termed a crawler. 

This large machine sometimes demands at least 20 people beside an operator to impeccably
carry out dozer work. It is moving on the construction site to undertake the task of clearing
land, site preparation, tree removal, and forestry effortlessly, quickly, and on time.

Following are the ways to utilize that equipment,

1. Moving soil
2. Demolition
3. Military
4. Construction
5. Plowing
45. Drilling Machine

Drilling Machine

A drilling machine is a material-removing or cutting process in which the tool uses a drill bit to
cut a hole of a circular cross-section in-wall, metal, or any solid materials.

It is the most commonly used machining process, which is one estimate is that 75% of all
metal cutting material removed comes from the drilling operation.

Drilling Machine Main Parts

A drilling machine consists of the following main parts,

1. Base
2. Column or Pillar
 3. Arm
4. Worktable
5. Drill head
6. Feed Mechanism
7. Spindle
8. Drill jigs
9. Chuck
10. Electric Motor
11. Pully or gears

Types of Drilling Machines and Their Uses

The different types of drilling machines with their construction, characteristics, and uses are
listed below,

I) The Portable Drilling Machine (Hand Drilling Machine)

The Portable drilling machine also known as the Hand drilling machine is usually small in
size and contains a universal motor, used for drilling holes on any rigid surface and the rocks
which are also suitable for any location.

II) Sensitive Drilling Machine (Bench Drilling Machine) 

It is the best choice for producing small holes at high speeds. That device mainly includes a
worktable, base, spindle, driving mechanism, drill head, and column. The work started from
the drill fed into the piece by hand.

III) Radial Drilling Machine

For drilling large and heavy workspaces, the table can be adjusted to suit different heights. This
machine allows the operator to make the spindle over the workpiece directly rather than move
the part to the tool and create intersecting or angular holds in one setup.

IV) Upright Drilling Machine

This machine is more extensive and stronger than a sensitive drilling machine, designed to
handle medium to large-sized holes.

V) Gang Drilling Machine

It can be used for drilling, reaming, counterboring, and tapping; we need to move the device
back and forth.

VI) Deep Mole Drilling Machine

A particular type is designed to drill deep holes in the connecting rods, spindles, and others,
with high cutting speed and less feed.

VII) Multiple Spindle Drilling Machine

It consists of several spindles, perfect for drilling many holes into a part and drilling the same
holes on identical workpieces. 

VIII) CNC Drilling Machine 

A computer numerical control drilling machine can automatically change tooling with a turret
or automatic tool changer. The program controls the speeds, feeds, and table position. 

IX) Micro Drill Press

It is extremely accurate, has high spindle speed, used to handle tiny or minimal work parts. 

X) Turret Type Drilling Machine 

This equipment consists of several drilling heads mounted on a turret; the tool can be quickly
indexed into position.

46. Dumpers

Dumpers

A dumper is a vehicle designed for carrying bulk material from building sites. Dumpers are
different from dump trucks in features. It is an open 4-wheeled vehicle that can skips load in
front of the driver whereas the dump truck has its cab in front of the load.
The skip can tip to dump the load; this is where the name dumper comes from. These usually
are diesel-powered. Towing eye is fitted for secondary use as a site tractor during work. 

Dumpers having rubber tracks are used in particular circumstances and provide a more even
distribution of weight than tires. Continuous tracks can be the operator to carry heavier
payload on slick, snowy, or muddy surfaces and are prevalent in some countries.

Dumper and dump trucks are used in the following industries,

 Construction
 Infrastructure (roads, bridges, tunnels, dams, airports, etc.)
 Winter Services
 Mining Industry

47. End Frames

End Frames
The primary steelwork is consisting columns and rafters to form portal frames and bracing.
The end frame is simply a braced arrangement or a portal frame composition of rafters and
columns. 

The light gauge secondary steelwork consists of side rails for walls and purlins for the roof on
work.

Frames structures can be categorized as,

I) Rigid Frame Structure

II) Braced Frame Structure

I) Rigid Structural Frame

The word rigid implies the ability of the frame to stand the deformation.

The structure with beams and columns is built monolithically & they are acting together to
tolerate the moments generated because the implemented load is called a rigid frame structure
and offers extra stability. 

This kind of frame structure bears the moment, shear & torsion more efficiently than any
other type of frame structure.

Which can be further differentiated as,

 Fixed ended
 Pin ended

A) Pin Ended Rigid Structural Frames

A pinned ended the rigid frame, commonly pins as their support conditions. If supported
conditions are removed, this frame system is reflected to be non-rigid.

B) Fix Ended Rigid Frame Structure

In this rigid frame system, end conditions are generally fixed.

II) Braced Structural Frames

In this frame, bracing is provided between column & beam to powerful force their resistance
besides the sideways forces and lateral forces because of an applied load.

Bracing is typically done by position diagonally members surrounded by the columns &
beams. It is further subdivided as,

 Portal frames
 Gabled frames

A) Gabled Structural Frame

Gabled frame structures have peaks at their top. These frame systems are used with changes in
the atmosphere, heavy rainfall, or snowfall.

B)Portal Structural Frame

Portal structural frames are used to construct commercial & industrial buildings. Which
generally looks like a door structure.

Merits of Frame Structures

Frame structures can be constructed rapidly. One of the best benefits of frame structures is they
are comfortable in construction work. It is effortless to train the labor at the construction site.

Demerits of Frames

In frame structure, span length is typically restricted to 40 feet when reinforced concretely.

48. Excavator
 Excavator

An excavator is a construction vehicle used to excavate or move large materials like soil, stone,
etc. An Excavator comprises two parts driving a powerful boom arm with an attachment
designed for excavating. 

The excavator uses hydraulic power to generate a hydraulic force to control its mechanical
arm. It is also using a chain wheel system for its movement during work.

Uses Of An Excavator

Following are the uses of Excavator,

 It excavates soil during construction work.

 The primary benefits are digging trenches, holes, and foundations, providing the power
to do these tasks much more efficiently and effectively than any other heavy equipment
piece on the market.

49. Forklift
 Forklift

As an industrial vehicle, A forklift is made of a power-operated forked platform firmly

attached to the front for raising and lowering goods to insertion under a cargo to lift or move it.

Some Forklifts can allow the operators to sit while driving and operating the machine, while
others can require the operator to stand during working on it. It is being used throughout the
industry for transporting heavy and large materials and goods.

Uses of Forklift

A Forklift can be used for the following activities,

1. It is used in a warehouse setting, as a forklift to quickly and easily move goods within
the warehouse.
2. It can also load and unload goods from transport trailers or train cars.