Seminar Final 2007 Ahmad Habibi L2F 002 546 

Seminar Papers Final POWER HIGH VOLTAGE ALTERNATING - BEHIND THE

FREQUENCY OF HIGH USING COILS TESLA Ahmad Habibi L2F 002 546
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of
Diponegoro 
Abstract 
coil tesla is a tool that can generate high voltage ranging from thousands of volts to millions of
volts. The high voltage generated by tesla coil is a high-voltage alternating with a frequency range
between tens of kilohertz up to the order of MHz. The output voltage tesla coil-shaped pulses with a pulse
width varying from nano seconds to hundreds of micro-seconds. 
At the beginning of its development, tesla coils used to generate pulses between the ball.
Subsequent developments tesla coils more developed semiconductor technology to replace the function
between the ball. Besides easy in setting the pulse width, semiconductor technology is also more
compact and practical. 
In this final project will be discussed tesla coil design that uses high frequency inverter with a
range of frequencies between 150-800 kHz. To mengukuran output voltage tesla coil is used between a
standard ball. 
I. Introduction 
1.1 Background 
The development of rapid power systems require high-voltage transmission. The scope of very
extensive studies of high voltage, among others, include high voltage phenomena, such as the calculation
of the electric field, the electric translucent dielectric symptoms, and others. 
Generation of high voltage generation is divided into a high-voltage alternating, unidirectional high
voltage generation, and the generation of high voltage impulses. High voltage generator, especially
high-frequency high voltage can be made with simple techniques and with the fairly low cost by using a
tesla coil. Tesla coils using a conventional spark gap for generating electrical pulses of high frequency
and requires the input voltage source in the order of tens of kilovolts. Subsequent developments tesla
coils better utilize semiconductor technology in the form of an inverter for generating high-frequency
electrical pulses. And by using the inverter input voltage tesla coils quite in the order of tens of volts only. 
1.2 Objective Theof 
objective this final project is to create a high-voltage generator hardware alternating high
frequency using a tesla coil. 
1.3 Limitation Problem 
discussion of the question in this thesis is limited by: 
1. The hardware module created is generating high voltage alternating high frequency coil tesla 
2. A high voltage generator that is discussed in this thesis is a high voltage generator frequency
alternating high, medium to high voltage plant type that others are not discussed in depth. 3. tesla coils
tesla coil covered are to apply switching devices such as MOSFETs. 4. tesla coils that use 
spark gap technology was not discussed. 5. MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect
Transistor) used IRFP 460 as power electronics components for the switch. 6. The PWM control circuit
uses IC NE 494 with an adjustable switching frequency from 150kHz up to 800kHz and the duty cycle is
fixed at 50%. 7. Variac used to set thevoltagethe 
inputtorectifier bridge. 8. Variac not discussed in this thesis. 9. The system works on open loop. 
II. Basic Theory 
of High Voltage Generator 2.1 
Broadly speaking, the high voltage generator consists of: 
1. Power high voltage alternating 
(AC) 2. Generating high voltage (DC) 3. High voltage generator impulse 

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Final Seminar 2007 Ahmad Habibi L2F 002 546 
2.1.1 plant high Voltage alternating-behind the 
high voltage alternating obtained from a single phase transformer with a winding ratio that is
much larger than the usual so-called power transformer test transformer. 
Figure 2.1 High voltage generation circuit alternating transformer primary winding is connected to a
source of low voltage alternating, 220VAC / 50 Hz. The secondary windings generate high voltage in the
order of hundreds of kilovolts. 
Figure 2.2 The output voltage secondary winding 
of high voltage generation circuit alternating in Figure 2.1 arouse high voltage alternating at the
frequency of the grid (50/60 Hz). 
2.1.2 High Voltage PowerUnidirectional 
unidirectionalhigh voltage generated by the high voltage rectify alternating. 
Figure 2.3 The half wave rectifier circuit 
Figure 2.4 The output voltage half-wave rectifier If required average output voltage over the capacitor
installed then the terminal output rectifier. 
2.1.3 High Voltage Power Impulse 
There are three forms that may be experienced impulse voltage electric power system, namely:
the impulse voltage lightning 

2, 
surge impulse voltage circuit and the impulse voltage is cut off. 
Figure 2.5 The impulse voltage type high voltage impulse generator include RLC impulse
generator, impulse generator RC, and a Marx generator. For impulse generator circuit RC can be seen in
Figure 2.6. 
Figure 2.6 The impulse generator circuit RC 
2.2coil Tesla 
teslacoil can be made with basic components as shown in Figure 2.7. Consists of a transformer
that generates a high voltage of about 5-30 kV. This high voltage transformer primary capacitor will
charge through the primary coil LP. LP consists of 5-20 thick wire windings that have a low resistance. 
Figure 2.7 The basic scheme tesla coils When C has termuati the potential difference between
the electrodes of the air gap (spark gap) is high enough to pass the current flow and resulted in the
breakdown of air. When the spark gap is connected, C will be connected in parallel with the LP and will
form a resonant circuit with a resonant frequency which is determined by the value of CP and LP. 
The electromagnetic field generated by the LP in part will terinduksikan to the secondary coil LS.
The upper end of the LS will be connected with toroid having a capacitance of about 15-30 pF while the
lower end will be connected to ground. LS and toroid will form a resonant circuit. If the resonance
frequency of the LS and toroid is quite close to the frequency of the primary circuit in the toroid will
awaken extra high voltage. And when the discharge in the CP, the spark gap will open and the same
process will be repeated again. 
2.2.1 How it Workscoil Tesla 
teslacoil can be seen as two series resonant magnetic induction docked as shown in Figure 2.8. 
Final Seminar 2007 Ahmad Habibi L2F 002 546 
In accordance with Kirchoff's law which states that the amount of stress on the closed circuit is zero then
the 
iR 
11+ 
C 1 
1 
∫ Ldti 
1 
+ 1 in 
0 in 
dt 
1 
+ M 
2 dt 
= ..... ............. (2.1) 
iR 
22+ 
C 
1 
2 
at 
0 ∫ Ldti 
2 
+ 2 ondt 
2 
+ M 
dt 
1 = ............. ... (2.2) 
to obtain the output voltage of the second equation above equation must be solved by the operator D. the
result is a 
tv 
2) 
(= 2 
kV (1 
- 
 

T) 
2 

+ (2.3) According to equation (2.3), then the output voltage form coil tesla can be described
as follows 
1 
4 Tk 2 L 2 
⎛ + L 
1 
sin 
⎜ ⎝ 
⎟ ⎠ ww 
2 
2 
1 t 
⎞ 
sin 
⎛ ⎜ ⎝ 
ww 2 
2-1t 
⎞ ⎟ ⎠ 
Figure 2.9 The form of the output voltage of the coil tesla 
Relations V 
1 
(tesla coil input) and 

V 
2 (tesla coil output) is lowered by the concept that the
stored energy dikapasitor 1 
was transferred 
to the capacitor. Because their detention coil losses, the energy transferred is not entirely Diter ima
capacitor C, but smaller than the energy stored. If the efficiency of energy transfer is 

CC 2 
ri 2 
η, C 1 then the energy equation can be written as follows: 

1 2 
VC 22 
2 

η = 1 
VC 21 
2 
.................. ... (2.4) 
so that the output voltage tesla coils can be written 
2 

2 
1 
VV 2 
= 1 η CC 
1 
........................... ......... (2.5) 
Due to the efficiency, η, and remains, the 
amount of 

C 
C 
2 
2 
1 

η 
C 
can be replaced by a constant 
K. Thus the equation 2.5 can be rewritten as follows 
2 
1 1 C 
KVV = ............................................. (2.6) 2:15 of the equation seen that between the output voltage
and input voltage tesla coil applies a linear relationship. 
2.3 Tesla coil withDevice Application 
Semiconductor SwitchingDiagram tesla coils by applying the semiconductor switching devices can be
seen in Figure 2.10. 
Figure 2.10 The coils tesla with an application device switching When compared with the coil tesla which
uses a spark gap as in Figure 2.7, then the coil tesla applying device switching, the function of the spark
 gap is replaced by inverter mode switch and supplies used for the inverter mode switch is supply nets
-net. 
The primary circuit consists of a primary capacitor and the primary winding (LP), the secondary
circuit consists of a toroid which serves as a secondary capacitor and the secondary winding (LS). The
magnitude of the resonance frequency is formed between the capacitor and the inductor is 

f 
RES 

= 
2 
π 
1 
LC⋅ 
................................ . (2.7) 
2.3.1 capacitorsprimer 
capacitorsprimer (CP) used is a mylar type capacitor with a value between 0:05 uF to 0.2 uF.
Elections will determine the capacitance value frekunesi tesla coil resonance 
 
 
[3]. 
2.3.2 Primary coil 
[3] The 
primary winding inductance value is calculated using the following formula 

L 
p 

= 
R 2 N 
2 2540 ⋅ (9 R + 
10 

H) 
.................. .. (2.8) 
where: 
L s 
is the secondary inductance (mH) R is the radius of the secondary coil (cm) 
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Final Seminar 2007 002 546 L2F Ahmad Habibi 
H is the height of the secondary coil (cm) N is the number of windings 
2.3.3 toroid 
toroid is made of conducting material is shaped like a donut. Toroid on the tesla coil serves as a
capacitor with the positive side is the toroid itself and the downside is the ground (ground), while
functioning as a dielectric is air. Toroid capacitance value is determined by 
theformula 2.18. 
[3] 
Figure 2.11 Toroid which serves as a capacitor 
CT 
= 2.8 ⋅ ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ 2 1 1.2781 - ss 
2 (1 

2)⎞ ⎟ ⎠ 
⋅0.1217 
⋅d 
dd 
... (2.9) 
where 

C 
T 
is the capacitance of the toroid (pF) d 
1 
is the diameter of the toroid (cm) d 2 
is the diameter of the casing (cm) 
2.3.4 secondary coil 
secondary winding inductance value, as well as a primary coil, calculated by the formula 2.8. 
2.4 Inverter 
inverter function is to convert the DC input voltage into AC output voltage. The inverter can be
made by following the block diagram in Figure 2.12. Source of the required DC inverter derived from the
rectified AC voltage. To get the desired output control circuit used. The control circuit serves to adjust the
frequency and amplitude of the output waveform. 
Figure 2.12. Block diagram of inverter Inverter mode switch (switch mode inverter) is the main circuit of
the system, serves to reverse the direction of the rectifier voltage into AC voltage. Known for its switch
mode using the technique of switching (switching). 
While the control circuit is used to control the switching process which occurs in 
the switch mode inverter. This control will determine among others the shape, amplitude and output
voltage waveform frekensi overall. 
2.5 Rectifier 
Rectifier used in this appliance is a full wave rectifier using the center tap type transformer (CT). 
The workings of the full wave rectifier circuit is at the V 
A 
and Vpositive, 
B 
negative then current will flow through the AD 
1 
-R 
L 

and ends in CT, while diode D 

2 
does not deliver. At the time of V 
A 
and Vnegative, 
B 
positive then the current will flow through the SW 
2 
-R 
L and ends in CT, while the diode D 
1 
does not deliver. 
V 
P 
A 
D1 
V 
A 
RD2 
L 
B 
2.16 full-wave rectifier circuit current flowing in R 
L 
CT V 
B 
V 
RL 
is the flow in one direction. The following equation voltages and currents at the
full-wave rectifier. 

V 
= 2 
π V 
......................................... ... ( 2.10) 

π 
M DC 

I 
= 2 
I 
......................................... ..... (2.11) 
Description: V 
DC 
m DC 
= Voltage rectification results. V 
M 
= maximum voltage rectification results. I 
DC 
= Current rectification results. I 
M 
= Current maximal alignment results. π = 3,14 ..Assessment 
2.6Control circuit PWM (Pulse Width 
Modulation) 
[5] 
PWM control circuit generates a signal triggering an adjustable pulse width and frequency as the
MOSFET gate drive. In this final project used IC 494.TL 
ICTL 494 is an integrated component which has 16 pins in two lanes Dual In Package (DIP) as
the main component of the PWM control circuit in this thesis. Figure 2.17 below shows the pin
configuration of IC TL 494. 

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Final Seminar 2007 Ahmad Habibi L2F 002 546 
Figure 2.17 Configuration IC pin TL 494 
2.7 Toll Isolator 
Isolator is used to separate pulse triggering circuit and power circuit. Pulse transformer having a
primary winding and has one or more secondary windings. Gate isolated by the transformer is shown in
Figure 2.24 below. 
drive circuit logic 
I 
C 
gateFigure 2.18transformer isolated 
pulse 
2.8MOSFET 
MOSFET stands for Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor representing constituent
materials consisting of metals, oxides and semiconductors. There are two types of MOSFETs which is
type NPN or PNP or N-channel and P-channel commonly called. MOSFETs are made by placing an oxide
layer on a semiconductor of NPN or PNP type and a metal layer placed on it. 
III.Equipment Design and Manufacture 
3.1Equipment Design 
Block diagram of the high voltage generator equipment using a tesla coil can be seen in Figure
3.1. 
R 
C 
R 
B 
V 
CC 
Q 
1 
Figure 3.1 Block diagram of the design of 
circuit Supply 3.2 Supply 3.2.1 AC Power1 phase 
Supply AC1 phase used is a single-phase AC voltage source with a voltage of 140V, 50 Hz then
rectified using a full wave rectifier to a voltage DC and after being given leveler, the output voltage
generated at 200Vdc which is an inverter input. 
3.2.2 Power rectifier circuit 
PWM CONTROL CIRCUIT SUPPLY 
Supla I AC 1-PHASE 
TRANSFORMER STEP DOWN 
DIRECTION PENYE JEMBA 
 circuit has aian contro 
Figure 3.2 rectifier to the inverter to inverter supply, a bridge rectifier circuit using a diode
1N5408 with a current capacity of 3A and the breakdown voltage of 1000V ( according datasheet), so that
the output voltage is more subtle use of 330uF 400V capacitor. The output voltage generated by the
rectifier circuit this power is equal to 200 Vdc with a maximum current of 3 A. 
3.3 Supply 3.3.1 Supply PWM control circuit AC 1 phase 
PWM control circuit for supply, 1-phase supply is derived from PLN nets with voltage 220 V and a
frequency of 50 Hz lowered voltage via 
POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT 
Supla IAC 1 PHASE 
PENYE DIRECTIONSJEMBA 
1 PHASEINVER TER 
Kump ARAN TESLA 
ISOLA TOR PULSE 

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Final Seminar 2007 002 546 L2F Ahmad Habibi 
step-down transformer center tap into AC -15 and +15 V. 
3.3.2 rectifier PWM control circuit 
to supply PWM control circuit so that the output voltage is generated constant +12 V then use
LM7812 regulator IC (positive side) with characteristics as figure 3.4. 
Figure 3.3 Characteristics LM7812 voltage regulator IC 
From Figure 3.3 above shows that the LM7812 (positive) capable of regulating the output voltage
of the rectifier constant at +12 V, although the input voltage changes. Where the change range between
14.5 V to 27 V. In the datasheet mentioned that both the regulator IC is only able to pass a maximum
current of 1 A, while rectifier designed is expected to have a current capacity of up to 2 A. Therefore the
regulator IC output transistor mounted as a current amplifier circuit as follows. 
Figure 3.4 Series of 7812 current amplifier transistor 
Match Figure 3.4 then the output voltage becomes VVV E 
= B - BE, where V 
BE 

= 
7.0 V with a ratio of 
current gain 

h = 
i 
= 20 to 70 (corresponding 
B datasheet). From the explanations above, it can be described in full rectifier
circuit in Figure 3.5. 
C FE 

i 
Figure 3.5 Rectifier full wave using the regulator IC 7812 
3.4 Inverter 1 Phase 
Inverter 1 phase are designed using 4 pieces MOSFET as shown in Figure 3.6 
Q 
1 

Q 
3 

Q 
4 Q 
2 
load 
Figure 3.6 Construction inverter 1-phase circuit inverter is basically pencincang type (chopper) where
the DC power supply are alternately opened and closed by means of electronic switching. To operate the
MOSFET IRFP 460 as the switch (saturation region), it takes the gate voltage and the source of 20 volt.
The control voltage is connected to the gate terminal and the positive DC source connected to the
MOSFET drain terminal, and the negative DC source connected to the source MOSFET. Full bridge
inverter was designed using four MOSFET IRFP 460 and each MOSFETnya triggered separately. 
To set the triggers used 4 pieces of pins each connected to a pulse transformer. The components
used in the inverter circuit include: 1. MOSFET 2.Diodes 
3.4.1Mosfet 
MOSFET Selection should pay attention to the operating voltage and current values, because the
operation of the switch in a condition on and off the MOSFET operates with a drain voltage Vvoltage, 
DD 
wherein (D) to a voltage source (S) source Vpeak 
200 DS 
(peak) volts so twice as 
large drain to source voltage Vpeak 
DS(peak) 
of the MOSFET is: 
V DS (peak) 

= 2 
× 
V DD 
... ........................ (3.1) = 2 × 200 = 400 V by supplying current to an inverter circuit by 3 A, then the use
of MOSFET IRFP 460, with 6 
Final Seminar 2007 002 546 L2F Ahmad Habibi 
drain-source breakdown voltage V 
(BR) DSS 
is 500V and maximum drain current capability of I 
D (max) 
of 20A so as to ensure the safety of the circuit. The parameters
were: R 
DS (on) 

Ω; 
gate threshold voltage V 
GS (th) 
= 0.27 = ± 
20V; charging gate Q 
GS 
= 29 nC; the delay time over on t 
d (on) 
= 18 nS; the rise time (rise time) t 
r 
= 59 nS; the delay time over off t 
d (off) 
= 110 nS; down time (fall 
time) t 
f 
= 58 nS. 
[9] 
3.4.2Diode 
freewheeling diodeused in the design of this module uses a diode fast recovery where recovery
times lower than regular diodes. In this inverter is used diodes MUR 1660CT who has the ability to
forward current (I 
F) 
equal to 16 A and voltage backward (V 
R) 
at 600 V and has a recovery time of 60 ns. so suffice for this inverter in which the
source voltage 200V and 
maximum current of 3A. 
[10] 
3.5 Isolator Toll 
pulse circuit isolator is used to separate PWM control circuit with a series of pulses used
daya.Isolator is a pulse transformer with a ferrite core. Selection of the ferrite core is intended to be not
easily occur saturation due to high switching frequency in the order of kilohertz. 
3.6 Control circuit PWM (Pulse Width 
Modulation) 
[5] 
PWM control circuit used in this thesis is used IC TL 494 is an integrated component as a major
component generating pulse width modulated. PWM control circuit are planned as in Figure 3.8 below. 
Figure 3.8 ian PWM control circuit has a 
circuit 3.6.1 Dental Wave Power 
Saws At TL 494 include generating a sawtooth wave oscillator as the main timer switching system. The
oscillator frequency can be set via 2 external components, namely R 
T 
and C 
T, 
the magnitude of the frequency is determined by the equations
contained in the component data sheets, namely: 

f 
OSC 

= 1.1 
 
T 

CR. 
................................. (3.2) T Frequency switching designed to be between
150kHz - 800kHz. The value of the components used are: 
CT: 220 pF RT:6300: 

Ω 
VR 10 k 

Ω, 
then the magnitude of the oscillator frequency is: 

f 
OSC 
(max) 
= 
10.220.6300 
to 
1.112 = 800 kHz 

f 
OSC 
(min) 

= 
10.220 .56300 
to 
1.112 = 150 kHz. Thus by adjusting the rotation shearing resistance (V 
R) 
can be obtained the desired oscillator frequency. 
3.7coil Tesla 
teslacoil made in this thesis is designed to operate optimally at the resonance frequency of about
150 kHz. The design is technically easier to do on the side of the secondary rangkian new first after the
primary circuit. This is done so that the resonant frequency obtained for each circuit can approach each
value. 
3.7.1 The design ofsecondary coil 
the secondary coilto be used has a 33 cm high and 10 cm diameter with as many as 1250 coil
windings and wire diameter of the copper used email is at 0:24 mm. Based on the specification, then the
amount of the secondary winding inductance can be calculated as 2.8. 

L 
s 

= 
5 2⋅ 
1250 2 2540⋅ (9 ⋅ 5 ⋅+ 
3310)= 41 mH 
3.7.2 Design Toroid 
In this thesis toroid being used has a diameter of 33.5 cm and a diameter of 27.8 sheath, then the
magnitude of the toroid capacitance based equation 2.9 is 

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Seminar Final Ahmad Habibi L2F 2007 002 546 

() 
IV. Testing and Analysis of 
C 
T 
= 2.8 ⋅ ⎛ ⎜ ⎝ 1.2781 - 27.8 
33.5 4.1 Signal Testtrigger behavior 
Signalis triggered MOSFET PWM signal generated by the foot 9 and 10 IC TL494 can be seen in
the figure below. ⎞ ⎟ ⎠ 
⋅ 0.1217 ⋅ 27.8 33.5 - 
27.8 
= 5.5 pF magnitude of the resonant frequency for the secondary circuit formed between the
secondary windings and toroid is calculated by the formula 2:13 
f 
RES 

= 
2 
π 
1 L s ⋅ 
CT 
= 
2 ⋅ 3:14 1 
41 ⋅ 10-3 
5.5 ⋅ ⋅ 
10-12 
= 334.8 kHz 
3.7.3 primary coil 
primary windings are made of copper wire 2 mm diameter email as much as 11 windings. For the
primary coil, the coil is not made tight as a secondary winding, but between the windings are spaced to
avoid peeling enamel wire as heat due to wire large enough current passed. The amount of distance that
is used for this final project about 23 mm so that the overall length of the coil approximately 25 cm in
diameter coil 11:43 cm. To calculate the value of the primary winding inductance used the same formula
as in 2:14 calculate the inductance value of the secondary winding. 
L 
p 
= 
R 2 N 
2 2540 ⋅ (9 R + 
10 

H) 
= 
5.72 2⋅ 
11 2 2540⋅ (9 ⋅ 5.72 ⋅+ 
25 
10)= 0.0052 mH 
3.7.4 Primary Capacitors 
For primary circuit resonant frequency obtained by the frequency approach resonant secondary
circuit, the amount of primer is selected capacitance of 0.05uF 275 V and the type used is a type of mylar.
The resonant frequency is formed between the primary winding and the capacitor primer based formula
2:13 is 
f 
RES 
= 
2 
π 
1 L p ⋅ 
C p 
= 

= 
2150 π 1 
5.2 ⋅ 10-6 ⋅ 0:05 ⋅ 
10-6 
kHz 
V / D: 5 V / div Probe: 1x T / D: 0.5 uS / div f = 200 kHz Figure 4.1 signal output triggeringTL494 
signal triggering ofTL494 Furthermore it is passed to a series of pulse transformer and the output
of this pulse transformer that will trigger the MOSFET. The pulse transformer serves to isolate the control
circuit from the power circuit. 
V / D: 5 V / div Probe: 1x T / D: 0.5 uS / div f = 200 kHz Figure 4.2 The output signal tarfo pulse 
4.2 Testing Output Inverters 
From the test voltage at no-load condition by using an oscilloscope obtained voltage waveform as
shown below the 
 V / D: 5 V / div Probe: 1x T / D: 0.5 uS / div f = 200 kHz Figure 4.3 the form of the inverter output voltage
from 4.3 image inverter output oscillation occurs it isof 
because the mosfet gate capacitance 
 
 
[6]. 
Testing 4.3coil Tesla 
teslacoil testing includes testing tesla coil resonant frequency, output voltage testing using a tesla
coil between standard ball diameter of 10 cm. 
From the results of tests performed at room temperature of 27 ° C at atmospheric pressure
740mmHg, and the resonant frequency is happening is 200kHz data obtained as follows 

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Seminar Final 2007 Ahmad Habibi L2F 002 546 
Table 4.1 Testing the output voltage of the coil tesla 
Table 4.2 Testing the output voltage of the coil tesla with
between ball 
at the sidelines of the ball in kV peak
voltage 
distance between the ball when 
T 
egangan peak 
T feedback coil 
occurs air- 
m 
forces opened coil 
k tesla (volts) 
(cm) 
t 
ESLA (volt) 
u 
 
 
45.07 0.5 45.71 0.6 46.73 0.7 52.71 0.8 
 
 
 
 
58.95 1 64.76 1.1 68.12 1.2 70.16 1.3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Voltage breakdown occurs can be calculated with the following formula 
9 egangan output of ethics occurred translucent dara 
(kV) 4 5.07 1 4.28 4 5.71 1 
 
 
6.73 1 9.99 5 2.71 2 2.85 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4:26 
1 04.79 5 7:12 
 
[2] 
Based on Table 4.2 can be graphed 

VV ^ = 
δ ^ s 
where V ^ 
is the breakdown voltage during the test (state air Random) δ 
is a correction factor of air 

V ^ 
s 
is the breakdown voltage betweenball 
standard(30 kV / cm) a correction factor of air depending on the temperature and
air pressure magnitude as follows 
 
[1] 

δ 
= 
273 386.0 + 
θ p 
where δ 
= correction factor of air p = air pressure (mmHg) θ 
= air temperature (C0) so that the magnitude of the correction factor of air at a temperature of
27 and the air pressure is 740mmHg 0952. After being multiplied by a correction factor, the output voltage
coil tesla based on data from Table 4.1 can be written in table 4.2 as follows 

C0 
Figure 4.4 charts the relationship of input voltage and output coils tesla From Figure 4.4 shows that the
relationship between the input voltage coils tesla and the output voltage coils tesla have a tendency
linear. 
Data retrieval tesla coil output voltage in this final project is only done on the tesla coil resonant
frequency is equal to 200kHz and tesla coils maximum input voltage is 85 VAC. For frequencies outside
of the resonance frequency is not done collecting data for leakage flux which resulted in the burning of the
primary winding and the secondary winding tesla coils. 
Final Seminar 2007 Ahmad Habibi L2F 002 546 
V. Conclusion 
5.1. Conclusions 
The results of testing and analysis of the design of hardware module tesla coils can be deduced
as follows: 
1. The output voltage tesla coil has a 
maximum value at the resonant frequency. 2. Run the tesla coils tesla coil outside the resonance
frequency if it is too far from the resonant frequency can cause damage to the tesla coil this case because
the corona is happening even greater. 3. The output voltage tesla coils have a tendency linear
relationship to the input voltage tesla coils. 4. The output voltage tesla coil in this thesis has a limited
range of input voltage it is due to the tesla coil is limited by the ability of the inverter used. 5. The inverter
output voltage is limited by the breakdown voltage of the mosfet used. 
5.2. Suggestion 
1 For the results of a larger output voltage can be used IGBT with a breakdown voltage greater than 1000
volts. 2 Pipes used to roll up the primary and secondary windings is preferably made of HDPE plastic
types because it has a low flux leakage. 
References 
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Transformer for Experimentation and Research, HELSINKI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, 2001. [4]
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1993. [5] Malvino, Principles - Principles of Electronic, 
publisher,Jakarta, in 1984 [6] Sidik, Dawn, Final: Soft Starting and Dynamic Braking Three-Phase
Induction Motor, Diponegoro University, 2006. [7] Parsumo Drs R., Power Electronics,Polytechnic, 
Semarang State 1997. [8] .M Rashid, Power Electronics Circuit, Device and Application 2nd,
Prentice-Hall International Inc., 1988. 
[9] Mohan.Ned, Tore M.Undeland, William P Robbins, Power Electronics: Converters, Applications, and
Design, John Wiley and Sons Inc., Canada, 1995. [10] http: // www.richieburnett.co.uk [11]
http://www.easternvoltageresearch.com , [12] http: // www.stevehv.4hv.org [13] http://www.irf.com [14]
http://www.motorola.com [15] http://www.scopeboy.com 
Ahmad Habibi, Diponegoro University Electrical Engineering Student 2002, which is completing the force
S1. 
Approve: 
Supervisor I 
Abdul Syakur, ST, MT NIP. 132 231 132 
Advisor II 
Ir. Supreme Warsito DHET NIP. 131 668 485 

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