Simulation And Physical

Construction of Tesla Coil

Based On Slayer Exciter
circuit
A Small Project Report
By:
Sanyam Jain
2K19/EE/219

DELHI TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

 CONTENT
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Technology of Tesla Coil
1.3 Types of Tesla Coil
1.3.1 Spark Gap Tesla Coil (SGTC)
1.3.2 Solid State Tesla Coil (SSTC)
2. Working Principle
2.1 Initiation
2.2 Looping
3. Need and Advantages of Tesla Coil
4. Simulation
5:- Physical Construction
6. Calculation
Application
Advantages
Summary
References
 INTRODUCTION
When an electron is in motion, i.e., if there is some current
running through some electrical component (like a wire), then an
oscillating electric field is produced. This oscillating electric
field, in turn generates an oscillating magnetic field. The planes
of oscillation of the electric and magnetic fields are orthogonal
to each other. This results in an electromagnetic wave which
travels at the speed of light c.
On the basis of Faraday’s laws we say that a time-varying
current in one coil can induce an emf in a second coil placed
close to it.
A Tesla coil is an electrical resonant transformer
circuit designed by inventor Nikola Tesla in 1891.It is used to
produce high-voltage, low-current, high frequency alternating
current electricity
A Slayer Exciter (type of tesla coil) is an air-cored transformer
that steps up a very low DC voltage to a very high AC voltage.
This creates an electromagnetic field around the coil that is
capable of lighting up fluorescent and neon light bulbs. It is
fairly similar to a Tesla Coil.
It has a top load on head of secondary coil which creates a
parasitic capacitance and thus completing the circuit
LTspice software was used to simulate the given circuit for
Slayer exciter
 1.1 Technology of Tesla Coil
Wireless power transfer is the transmission of electrical energy
from a power source to an electrical load without any conductive
physical connection. The carrying fluxes that induce in the
inductor can be captured by another inductive coil that can
produce an induced flux between the receiver coils that coupled
to the primary coil. Since this technique using magnetic field to
transfer the electrical energy, the flux that produces in the
primary coil must be in high density with high frequency. Thus,
the tesla coil is used as a transmitter to produces high voltage,
high frequency and low alternating current in order to produce
high density flux. In this work, a tesla coil is a main part of
transmitter component in wireless electricity apparatus and need
to develop with a view to demonstrate how magnetic induction
is coupled to perform a wireless power transfer. In addition, the
construction of winding coils of the tesla coil would be the great
effects in order to provide electricity to supply a load without
wires in distances.
 1.2: -TYPES OF Tesla Coil
Tesla coil circuits can be classified by the type of excitation
they use, what type of circuit is used to apply current to the
primary winding of the resonant transformer:
1.2.1 Spark Gap Tesla Coil (SGTC):
This type uses a spark gap to close the primary circuit, exciting
oscillations in the resonant transformer. Spark gaps have
disadvantages due to the high primary currents they must
handle. They produce a very loud noise while operating,
noxious ozone gas, and high temperatures which often require a
cooling system. The energy dissipated in the spark also reduces
the Q factor and the output voltage. Tesla's coils were all spark-
excited.

Figure 1:Spark Gap Tesla Coil

1.2.2 Solid State Tesla Coil (SSTC):

These use power semiconductor devices, usually
thyristors or transistors such as MOSFETs or IGBTs, triggered
by a solid state oscillator circuit to switch pulses of voltage from
a DC power supply through the primary winding. They provide
pulsed excitation without the disadvantages of a spark gap: the
loud noise, high temperatures, and poor efficiency. The voltage,
frequency, and excitation waveform can be finely controllable.
SSTCs are used in most commercial, industrial, and research
applications as well as higher quality entertainment coils.

Figure 2:Solid State Tesla Coil

 2: - WORKING PRINCIPLE
2.1 Initiation: -

When the Base of the transistor receives a little bit of current,

it closes the circuit and electricity is allowed to flow through
the primary coil (L1). When the current flows through the
Primary coil, due to mutual induction the in the coils L1 and
L2, L2 coil Opposes the change in the magnetic field due to
the current flowing in the L1 coil.

When the Emf is developed in the primary coil the Negative

EMF is applied to the Base of the NPN transistor and the
current stops flowing through the EC junction.
2.2 Looping: -
When the L1 is not providing the current, the current starts
flowing in opposite direction in L2 to resist change and then
the positive emf is applied to the base.
When the current enters the base, the EC junction starts to
conduct and the L1 coil starts to produce the magnetic field
and Due to Induction the EMF reverses in L2 and the cycle
continues

The two Coils of our Air core transformer should be in

opposite phase to each other so that they have current flowing
in opposite directions to oppose the magnetic field
 3:- Need and Advantages of Tesla Coil
Wireless power transfer is the transmission of electrical energy
from a power source to an electrical load without any conductive
physical connection. The carrying fluxes that induce in the
inductor can be captured by another inductive coil that can
produce an induced flux between the receiver coils that coupled
to the primary coil. Since this technique using magnetic field to
transfer the electrical energy, the flux that produces in the
primary coil must be in high density with high frequency. Thus,
the tesla coil is used as a transmitter to produces high voltage,
high frequency and low alternating current in order to produce
high density flux. In this work, a tesla coil is a main part of
transmitter component in wireless electricity apparatus and need
to develop with a view to demonstrate how magnetic induction
is coupled to perform a wireless power transfer. In addition, the
construction of winding coils of the tesla coil would be the great
effects in order to provide electricity to supply a load without
wires in distances.
The advantages of the wireless electricity system would be
◦ completely eliminating existing wires for electrical appliances
between power sources.
◦ With wireless electricity, the electrical system will be more
secure as it will prevent user from electrocution of current and
the power failure due to short circuit and fault or power loss
on cable would never exist.
◦ Wireless electricity ensure that the cell phones, laptops, iPods,
and other power electrical devices get charged on their own,
with no need of plugging them that can prevent the sockets
with all sorts of wires.
 4:- Simulation

4.1 Table of Components: -

NAME SPECIFICATIONS
Transistor 2N2222
Resistor 22Kohm
Diode 1N4148
Power supply 9V DC
Inductors-
L1 10uH
L2 85mH
4.2 Schematic Diagram: -
In this schematic we have taken K=1 as the transformer system
here is Air Core Transformer. Moreover, the L1 and L2 coils are
positioned such that both coils are wound in opposite manner
(So that both the coils have opposite phase)

Figure 3:Simulation Profile

 5:- Physical Construction
5.1 Components Used: -
Name Specifications
Transistor TIP31c
Resistor 22Kohm
PerfBoard 1Pc
Diode 1N4007
Power supply 12V DC
Inductors-
L1 0.807uH,5 turns
L2 760uH, 980 turns 30AWG

When 2N2222 was use the transistor was not able to handle the
High burst of voltage and was getting hot and after some time
died.
Then TIP31C (NPN Power transistor) was used the tesla coil
was able to work and better results were achieved .the circuit
Draws about 1.5A current at 12V DC and under high load
current reaches to about 2.4A.
5.2 Circuit Diagram: -

Figure 6:Circuit Diagram Figure 7:Physical Circuit

5.3 Construction: -
 We take a 40mm diameter PVC pipe of height 14
inches and use 30AWG Copper Wire and wrap it
around the pipe finely for about 1000 Turns
 Wrap 4-5 turns of thicker wire in opposite
orientation to that of copper coil around the
secondary coil
 Follow the schematic diagram ad construct the
circuit
 Now power the circuit with help of variable
DC power supply .
5.4 Results: -
 The tesla coil made Here base on Slayer exciter circuit
works well and the range is about a 1.5ft

 The maximum Arc length achieved is about 6mm.

5.5 Data Collected: -

Figure 4:Wave Shape and Frequency Across Primary Coil

Figure 5:Wave Parameters

 6:- Calculation
Suppose we apply a certain amount of output voltage to the
primary coil of the transformer. This means an emf will be
generated in the secondary coil with due to mutual induction.
The voltages across the primary and secondary coils (V1 and V2
respectively) are related to the number of turns (n1 and n2
respectively) as-

𝑉1/𝑉2=𝑛1/𝑛2

N1=5 turns V1=14.01V(RMS)

V1=40.4(P-P)
N2=980 turns V2 is unknown

Thus
V1=2745.96V(RMS voltage)
V1=7,847V(P-P)

When the Signal across the primary coil was observed on an

oscilloscope the following wave form was observed:
 The approximate frequency of the primary coil was
1.016Mhz
Applications:
Vacuum system leak detectors
Scientists working with high vacuum systems test for the
presence of tiny pin holes in the apparatus using high-voltage
discharges produced by a small handheld Tesla coil. When the
system is evacuated the high voltage electrode of the coil is
played over the outside of the apparatus. The discharge travels
through any pin hole immediately below it, producing a corona
discharge inside the evacuated space which illuminates the hole.
Arc Lighters
The Arc lighters use Electrical arcs generated by the system to
ignite the fire.
Music system
Tesla coils can also be used to generate sounds, including music,
by modulating the system's Frequency.

Advantages
The advantages of the wireless electricity system would be
 completely eliminating existing wires for electrical
appliances between power sources.
 With wireless electricity, the electrical system will be more
secure as it will prevent user from electrocution of current
and the power failure due to short circuit and fault or power
loss on cable would never exist.
 Wireless electricity ensure that the cell phones, laptops,
iPods, and other power electrical devices get charged on
their own, with no need of plugging them that can prevent
the sockets with all sorts of wires.
 CONCLUSION
The said model of tesla coil was made and its simulation was
done with the help of LTspice software. The Tesla Coil based on
Slayer Exciter circuit worked and it was able to power obect till
the distance of 1.5ft.
REFERENCES
 Sadaghdar, M., 2015. Slayer Exciter Circuit With A
Tesla Coil | Electroboom. [online] Electroboom.com.
Available at:
<https://www.electroboom.com/?p=521> [Accessed
22 November 2020].
 P. Horowitz and W. Hill, The art of electronics. New
York: Cambridge University Press, 2020.
 N. Tesla, “Apparatus for transmitting electrical
energy.”
 Kuriakose, Alen & Solanki, Kharanshu & Tom,
Meblu Sanand. (2020). Comprehensive Analysis of
the Slayer Exciter Circuit.
10.13140/RG.2.2.10904.01281.
 S. Sowa and Instructables, “How to Build a Slayer
Exciter,” Instructables, 28-Oct-2017. [Online].
Available: https://www.instructables.com/How-to-
Build-a-Slayer-Exciter/. [Accessed: 22-Nov-2020].