Biology Sem 2 Bio Module STPM Ch2: Cell Fractionation

CELL FRACTIONATION

Cell Fractionation

• Cell fractionation is used to isolate (fractionate) cell components based on _____________

and __________________.

• Cells are _________________ in a blender to break them up.

• ________________ ______________ buffer is used to

• The resulting mixture (homogenate) is_______________. The __________________ (liquid)

is poured into another tube and centrifuged at a higher speed for a longer time.

• This process is repeated several times. This “differential__________________” results in a

series of pellets, each containing different cell components.

• The centrifugation with low-speed results in the separation of ______________ from the
homogenate.

• The centrifugation with medium speed results in the separation of ______________ and
________________ from the previous supernatant.

• The centrifugation with high-speed results in the separation of ______________ from the
previous supernatant.

supernatant nuclei homogenized mitochondria centrifuged

ribosomes size centrifugation density chloroplast

Biology Sem 2 Bio Module STPM Ch2: Cell Fractionation

• Homogenate

• Centrifugation

• Homogenization

• Pellet rich in nuclei

• Different centrifugation

• Pellet rich in ribosomes

• Pellet rich in mitochondria &

chloroplasts
Biology Sem 2 Bio Module STPM Ch2: Cell Fractionation

Past Years Questions

Objective Questions
STPM 2009

1. What is the advantage of using transmission electron microscope to study the cell
organelles?
a) It has high resolution
b) It requires a relatively simple preparation of the specimen
c) It does not require a special technical skill to operate
d) It can be used to examine three-dimension structures of the organelles

STPM 2007
2. Which is not true of a mitochondrion?
a) It is the site of Krebs cycle.
b) It contains DNA
c) It possesses two layers of membranes
d) The folded inner membrane is called thylakoid

STPM 2006
3. Which of the following organelles and their functions do not match?
Organelle Function
A Centriole Formation of spindle
B Golgi body Synthesis of lipid
C Microfilament Muscular contraction
D Microtubule Movement of cilia and flagella

STPM 2005
4. Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Breaking down old and used organelles
b) Synthesising phospholipids and cholesterol
c) Transporting proteins produced by ribosomes
d) Attaching carbohydrates to proteins forming glycoproteins

5. Which of the following organelles is the origin is the origin of the membrane in the cell?
a) Vacuole
b) Nucleus
c) Lysosome
d) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum