SESSION OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the session, the participants will be able

to:
 Discuss the basic causes of workplace accidents
 Define and differentiate accidents, unsafe acts and
unsafe conditions
 Identify and enumerate different situations and
practices that constitute unsafe act and unsafe
condition
 WORK SYSTEM
People

Environment Equipment

Materials
 ACCIDENT THEORY

People

Environment Equipment

Materials
LET’S CHECK THIS…
 ACCIDENT
 An occurrence or
event that is damage,
- unexpected injury, loss
- unforeseen or death
- unplanned, and
- unwanted
TYPES OF ACCIDENTS
Fall to below (nahulog/nahulugan)
 Fall on same level
(nadulas/nadapa)
 Struck against (man in motion)
 Struck by ( man stationary/hit by)
Caught in ( in running/ naipit )
 Caught on ( snugged o nasabit)
I
C Direct Costs
E
B
E
R
G

T
H
E
O
R
Indirect Costs
Y
Direct Cost of Accidents

 Medical Expenses
 Equipment Damage
 Wasted Raw Materials
 Insurance Premiums
 Litigation Expenses
Indirect Cost of Accidents

1 Injured Workers
 Lesser productivity due to interruption on day of injury
 Loss in efficiency
 Loss of income
2 Other Employees
 loss productivity due to:
 work stoppage out of curiosity
 when assisting injured worker
 due to inspection
 Loss in efficiency out of sympathy to the injured
 Additional cost due to completion of added work
Indirect Cost of Accidents

3. Supervisors
 lost productivity :
 when assisting the injured
 due to accident investigation
 in preparing reports
 during inspection
4. Replacement worker
 hiring or training
5. Equipment
 downtime
Humane Aspects
 Sorrow due to loss
 Hardships and inconveniences
 Physical pain/discomfort
 Psychological problems
PRIMARY CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

 Unsafe Act

 Unsafe Condition
Unsafe/Unhealthy
ACT Violation of commonly-accepted safe
procedures or processes

CONDITION Physical/mechanical/
environmental condition
which could have been
guarded or prevented

American National Safety Institute (ANSI)

 UNSAFE ACT

 A human action that departs from a standard or

written job procedure or common practice, safety
rules, regulations, or instructions.

 A violation of a commonly-accepted safe

procedures and or processes.
Factors Contributing to Unsafe
Acts
• Improper Attitude
• Physical Limitations
• Lack of Knowledge or
Skills
 Improper Attitudes
 Operating Equipment without Authority
 Disregard of SOP or instructions
 Removing Safety Devices
 Using Defective equipment
 Improperly/non-use of PPEs
 Horseplay
 Willful intent to injure
 Working while under the influence
of alcohol or drugs
 Unsafe
Condition
The physical or chemical property
of a material, machine or the
environment which could result in
injury to a person, damage or
destruction to property or other
forms of losses.

- could have been guarded or prevented

 Examples of U/C
 Inadequate guards/protection
 Defective tools, equipment
 Congestion
 Inadequate warning systems
 Fire and explosion hazards
 Slippery floors
 Hazardous atmospheric
condition
 Excessive noise
 Radiation exposure
 Inadequate illumination/
ventilation
Unsafe/Unhealthy

Acts/Conditions

WORKSHOP
Unsafe acts / Unsafe condition Workshop
The participants will be divided into teams:

Composition of the teams:

1 – team leader

1 – team secretary

1 - team representative
Can accidents be
prevented?
Generally
 2% - non-preventable
 98% - preventable

 88% - unsafe/unhealthy acts

 10% - unsafe/unhealthy conditions
Unsafe/Unhealthy

Acts
Unsafe/Unhealthy

Conditions
Conclusion:
Both the human and the
technical factors
of accident causation should
be addressed!
 REMINDER….

If you don’t believe in

safety/health……
then try accidents/illnesses!
THANK YOU….