University of Baghdad

Al-Khawarizmi College of Engineering

Biomechanics Design Lab.

Experiment No (6): Study of the Gait Kinematics

‫عبدهللا نزهت ابراهيم‬

‫عمار فارس‬
‫شفاء مظفر‬
‫يوسف خلف‬
‫الرا حكمت‬

Biomedical Engineering
5th Stage
18/4/2021
Introduction: (By ‫)شفاء مظفر‬
Gait analysis can be described as a field of biomechanical engineering
dealing with the subject of human locomotion. By means of different
measuring techniques available, human gait data are captured (i.e. the
gait pattern is recorded as a function of time) and further analysis and
calculations are done in order to obtain all the data required for evaluating
the quality of the subject's gait, including basic gait parameters (stride
length, cadence, velocity, etc.) joint angle during each gait cycle [1].
Walking is one of the most common and most important forms of human
movement. Gait analysis entails measurement, analysis and assessment of
the biomechanical features that are associated with the walking task [2].
In general, gait analysis is considered an acceptable tool for kinesiology
analysis of movement disorders, including for evaluating gait and posture
disturbances. The use of gait analysis to evaluate and treat musculoskeletal
disorders and neurological disorders is arguably the area where the best
examples to date of the positive uses of improved gait analysis techniques
and technology can be seen [2].Therefore gait analysis has its applications
now in almost all considerable fields of human locomotion, both healthy
and pathological: rehabilitation medicine, orthopedics, kinesiology, sports
science, and other related fields [1].

Analysis the collected data: (By ‫)عبدهللا نزهت‬

1. Calculate your average velocity: V = Δd/Δt.
2. Calculate your frequency of strides: Stride Frequency (SF) = (number of strides)/(time).
3. Calculate the length of stride: SL= walking distance (30m)/ number of strides.

‫عمار فارس‬
Slow
Trial Number Time recorded Number of strides Velocity Stride frequency Stride length
1 23.56 18 1.018675722 0.764006791 1.333333333
2 22.86 18.5 1.049868766 0.809273841 1.297297297
3 23.25 18 1.032258065 0.774193548 1.333333333
Average 23.22333333 18.16666667 1.033600851 0.782491393 1.321321321

Normal
Trial Number Time recorded Number of strides Velocity Stride frequency Stride length
1 19.9 16 1.206030151 0.804020101 1.5
2 18.36 15.5 1.307189542 0.84422658 1.548387097
3 19.2 15.5 1.25 0.807291667 1.548387097
Average 19.15333333 15.66666667 1.254406564 0.818512782 1.532258065
 Fast
Trial Number Time recorded Number of strides Velocity Stride frequency Stride length
1 13.6 14 1.764705882 1.029411765 1.714285714
2 13.5 13 1.777777778 0.962962963 1.846153846
3 12.19 13 1.968826907 1.066447908 1.846153846
Average 13.09666667 13.33333333 1.837103522 1.019607545 1.802197802

Run
Trial Number Time recorded Number of strides Velocity Stride frequency Stride length
1 8 10.5 3 1.3125 2.285714286
2 8.2 10 2.926829268 1.219512195 2.4
3 8.31 10.2 2.888086643 1.227436823 2.352941176
Average 8.17 10.23333333 2.938305304 1.253149673 2.346218487

‫مودة سعد‬
Slow
Trial Number Time recorded Number of strides Velocity Stride frequency Stride length
1 21.19 18.5 1.132609722 0.873053327 1.297297297
2 22.1 18.5 1.085972851 0.837104072 1.297297297
3 20.8 18.5 1.153846154 0.889423077 1.297297297
Average 21.36333333 18.5 1.124142909 0.866526825 1.297297297

Normal
Trial Number Time recorded Number of strides Velocity Stride frequency Stride length
1 16 17.24 1.5 1.0775 1.392111369
2 16 16.8 1.5 1.05 1.428571429
3 16 18.73 1.5 1.170625 1.281366791
Average 16 17.59 1.5 1.099375 1.367349863

Fast
Trial Number Time recorded Number of strides Velocity Stride frequency Stride length
1 15.07 15.5 1.592568016 1.02853351 1.548387097
2 14.8 15.5 1.621621622 1.047297297 1.548387097
3 15.21 15.5 1.57790927 1.019066404 1.548387097
Average 15.02666667 15.5 1.597366303 1.031632404 1.548387097

Run
Trial Number Time recorded Number of strides Velocity Stride frequency Stride length
1 7.97 10 3.011292346 1.254705144 2.4
2 7.45 9.5 3.22147651 1.275167785 2.526315789
3 7.46 10 3.217158177 1.340482574 2.4
Average 7.626666667 9.833333333 3.149975678 1.290118501 2.442105263
Discussion:
1. Discuss the differences between the results obtained for different
speeds. (By ‫)الرا حكمت‬
Ans/
When the subject is move in slow speed it take more time and number
of stride is large and stride frequency and stride length is decrease ,When
the subject is move in normal speed it take time less than in the slow
and number of stride is less than in slow speed and stride frequency and
stride length is increase when the subject is walk fast the time that he
takes is less than in normal and number of stride is less than in normal
speed and stride frequency and stride length is increase and when the
subject is run the time that he takes is less than in fast walk and number
of stride is less than in fast walk and stride frequency and stride length is
increase ,So when the speed of walking is increase the time is decrease
and the number of stride is decrease and stride frequency and stride
length is increase .

2. Discuss the differences between the results obtained from different

speeds for male and female. (By ‫)يوسف خلف‬
Ans/

For slow and normal speed,

because of the velocity of female was greater than male, she took less
time and approximately the same number of strides since the stride
length in male is greater than female.

For fast speed,

the male took less time and velocity was higher than female.
Also, the female took more number of strides because the stride length
was less than male.

For running speed,

the velocity of female was slightly higher than male so they
approximately took the same time.
Also, there was a small differences in number of strides and stride length
between male and female.
 3. Using MATLAB or Microsoft Excel: plot velocity vs. stride frequency and
velocity vs. stride length. (By ‫)عمار فارس‬
Ans/
A-for Ammar Faris

1- Velocity vs. stride freq. [Slow]

2-Velocity vs. stride length [Slow]

3-Velocity vs. stride freq. [Normal]

4-Velocity vs. stride length. [Normal]

5-Velocity vs. stride freq. [fast]

6-Velocity vs. stride length. [fast]

7-Velocity vs. stride freq. [run]

8-Velocity vs. stride length [run]

B-for Mawda Saad

1-Velocity vs. stride freq. [Slow]

2-Velocity vs. stride length [Slow]

3-Velocity vs. stride freq. [Normal]

4-Velocity vs. stride length. [Normal]

5-Velocity vs. stride freq. [fast]

6-Velocity vs. stride length. [fast]

7-Velocity vs. stride freq. [run]

8-Velocity vs. stride length [run]

References:

[1] Laszlo K., Rita M., Zsolt K., and Mihaly J., “Bute’s Ultrasound –Based
Measuring Technique and Model for Gait Analysis”, Facta Universities,
Physical Education Vol. 1, No. 6, (1999), pp. 1 – 13.
[2] Russell B., Rezaul B. and Marimuthu P., “Overview of Movement Analysis
and Gait Features Chapter I”, Computational Intelligence for Movement
Sciences: Neural Networks and Other Emerging Techniques, Idea Group
Publishing © 2006, Idea Group Inc, Available from
http://www.ideagroup.com.