Розрахунково-графічна робота

Самойленко Денис КВ-21

Варіант №18

№1

[ ] [ ] [ ]
5 1 6 5 1 6 38 12 44
1) А = 7 1 8 * 7 1 8 = 50 16 58
2

1 1 1 1 1 1 13 3 15

[ ][ ][ ]
5 1 6 −1 1 1 −9 −2 12
2) A*B = 7 1 8 * 2 5 1 = −13 −4 16
1 1 1 −1 −2 1 0 4 3

[ ][ ][ ]
−1 1 1 5 7 1 2 2 1
3) B*A = 2 5 1 * 1 1 1 = 21 27 8
T

−1 −2 1 6 8 1 −1 −1 −2

[ ] [ ] [ ]
38 12 44 5 1 6 1 0 0
4) F(A) = 3*A -2A+2E = 3* 50 16 58 - 2* 7 1 8 +2* 0 1 0 =
2

13 3 15 1 1 1 0 0 1

[ ][ ][ ] [ ]
114 36 132 10 2 12 2 0 0 106 34 120
150 48 174 - 14 2 16 + 0 2 0 = 136 48 158
39 9 45 2 2 2 0 0 2 37 7 45

№2

1.а) det(A) = 0+2+3-0-2-1=2

 |1 2 3 1 2|
1.b) det(A) = |1 0 1 1 0| = 0+2+3-2-1-0=2
|1 1 1 1 1|

[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
2 −4 −2 −2 −4 −2 −2 2 −2 −2 2 −4
2.a) det(A) = 1* 1 2 −2 - 2 * 0 2 −2 + 5 * 0 1 −2 - 2 * 0 1 2
2 −2 6 −1 −2 6 −1 2 6 −1 2 −2
= 26;

|| |
1 2 5 2

| ||
1 2 5 2 1 2 5 2 2
−2 2 −4 −2 0 6 6 2 0 6 6 −2 1
2.b) det(A) = 0 1 2 −2 = 0 1 2 −2
= 0 0 1 3
=
−1 2 −2 6 0 4 3 8 0 0 1 2
6
3

| |
1 2 5 2
2
0 6 6 1 1
= 0 0 1 −2 3 = 1*6*1*4 3 = 26;
0 0 0 1
4
3

№3

а) CAX=2D-C

AX=C-1(2D-C)

X=A-1C-1(2D-C)

2D-C = 2* 0 (−1 23) - ( 14 7

−8) (
=
−3 −3
−4 14 )
A-1 = 0 (2 −1 1 0
5 0 1 = ) (
1 −0.5 0.5 0
0 1 0 0.2 = ) (
1 0 0.5 0.1
0 1 0 0.2 =
0.5 0.1
0 0.2 ) ( )

( )( )
2 7 2 7

(
1 7 1 0 1
) (
7 1 0 1 09
C-1 = 4 −8 0 1 = 0 −36 −4 1 = 0 1 1 ) 36
−1 =
9
1
36
−1
9 36 9 36
 ( ) ( )
2 7 11 17

(
0.5 0.1 9
X = 0 0.2 * 1 ) 36 −1 2
−1 * (2* 0 3 - ( ) ( 14 7
) ( −3 −3
)
−8 )= −4 14 =
90
1
180
−1 *
9 36 45 180

) ( )
−67 43

(
−3 −3
−4 14 =
90
−2
45
−13
45 90

( )
−67 43
90 45
Відповідь: Х = −2 −13 .
45 90

b) D-1XB=2A+C

X=D(2A+C)B-1

2A+C= 2 * 0 (2 −1
5 +) (
1 7
4 −8 =
5 5
4 2 ) ( )

( )( )( )
1 −1 −1 4 −1 4
1 −1 0
B-1 = 5 (−3 41 0
)
10 1 =
0
3 3
2 2
7 1 1
=
1 0 23
0 1 5
23
3 =
23
5
23
3
3 3 23 23 23 23

( )( ) ( )( )
−1 4 −1 4 −8 9

(
−1 2 5 5
) ( )
23
X= 0 3 * 4 2 * 5
23
3 =
3 −1
12 6 *
23
5
23
3 =
23
18
23
66
23 23 23 23 23 23

( )
−8 9
23 23
Відповідь: Х= 18 66
23 23

№4

1) ⃗R = ⃗
f 1 - 2*⃗
f2 +⃗
f 3 = (-6; 0; 5)
x −6
2) |⃗
R| = √ 36+0+ 25 = √ 61 cos α = ⃗ =
|R| √61
y 0
cos β = ⃗ = =0
|R| √61
 z 5
cos γ = ⃗ =
|R| √ 61
⃗
R ⃗s −6∗(−3 ) +0∗2+5∗(−1)
13∗√ 854
3) cos ¿ ¿ і |⃗s|)= cos δ = ⃗ ⃗ = =
|R| |s| √61∗√14 854
4) A = |⃗ R|*|⃗ s|= √ 61∗√ 14 = √ 854
5) Нехай вектор f4 перпендикулярний до векторів f1 та f2:

| |
i⃗ ⃗j k⃗
⃗f = ⃗ ⃗
f 1 * f 2 = −1 2 1 =
3 1 −1
2 1
1 −1 |
−1 1
| | |
−1 2
| |
* i⃗ + 3 −1 * ⃗j * (-1)+ 3 1 * k⃗ = -3i⃗

+ 2 ⃗j – 7k⃗
№5

1) a⃗ = ⃗
A1 A 2 ; b⃗ = ⃗
A3 A 4 ;

a⃗ = (-4; -1; -5); b⃗ = (2; 3; 1); |⃗a| = √ 42 ; |b⃗| = √ 14 ;

a⃗ ⃗
∗b −4∗2+ (−1 )∗3+ (−5 )∗1 −16 −8
cos φ = |⃗a| = = =
√ 42∗14 14 √ 3 7 √ 3
|⃗b|
2) a⃗ = ⃗
A 1 A 3 = (-1; -4; -4) ; b⃗ = ⃗
A1 A 4 = (1; -1; -3) ;
−1∗1+ (−4 )∗(−1 ) + (−4 )∗(−3) 15
пр ⃗b ⃗a = = ;
√11 √11

3) ⃗
A1 A 2 = (-4; -1; -5) ; ⃗
A 1 A 3 = (-1; -4; -4) ;
1
S = ∗|⃗ AC| ;
AB∗⃗
2

| |
i⃗ ⃗j k⃗
⃗ ⃗
AB∗AC = −4 −1 −5 = -16i -11j + 15k = (-16; -11; 15);
−1 −4 −4
|⃗ AC| = √ 602
AB∗⃗
1 1
S = 2 ∗|⃗ AC| = √ 602
AB∗⃗
2
4) ⃗
A1 A 2 = (-4;-1;-5)
⃗
A 1 A 3 = (-1;-4;-4)
⃗
A1 A 4 = (1;-1;-3)

|
1 −4 −1 −5
V = 6 −1 −4 −4 = 3 (од. куб.)
1 −1 −3 | 25

1
5) V = 3 ∗S A A A ∗| A 4 O| ;
1 2 3

25
| A 4 O| =
√602
 №6

А) (-5 – x)2 + (0-y)2 + (5-x)2 + (0 – y)2 = 58

25 + 10x + x2 + y2 + 25-10x+x2 + y2 = 58
2x2 + 2y2 = 58 -25 -25;
x2 + y2 = 4 (рівняння кола з центром О (0;0) і радіусом 2)

Б)
φ 0о 30о 45о 60о 90о 120о 135о 150о 180о
r 3 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 3
2 1 1 2
2 2 2 2
sin 2 φ 0 √3 1 √3 0 −√ 3 -1 −√ 3 0
2 2 2 2
cos 2 φ 1 1 0 −1 -1 −1 0 1 1
2 2 2 2

№7
 | |
4 −3 2
A) det(A) = 2 5 −3 = 4*5*(-2) + (-3)*(-3)*5 + 2*6*2 – 2*5*5 +
5 6 −2
3*6*4 – 2*3*2 = 39;

| |
−17 −3 2
∆1 = 2 5 −3 = -17 * (-2) * 5 -3*3*7 + 2*6*2 + 2*5*7 – 2*3*2 –
−7 6 −2
6*3*17 = - 117

| |
4 −17 2
∆2 = 2 2 −3 = 4·2·(-2) + (-17)·(-3)·5 + 2·2·(-7) - 2·2·5 - 4·(-
5 −7 −2
3)·(-7) - (-17)·2·(-2) = -16 + 255 - 28 - 20 - 84 - 68 = 39

| |
4 −3 −17
∆3 = 2 5 2 = 4·5·(-7) + (-3)·2·5 + (-17)·2·6 - (-17)·5·5 - 4·2·6
5 6 −7
- (-3)·2·(-7) = -140 - 30 - 204 + 425 - 48 - 42 = -39

−117 39 −39
x1 = 39 = -3; x2 = 39 = 1; x3 = 39 = -1;

( )( )
4 −3 2 |−17 1 −0.75 0.5 |−4.25
Б) 2 5 −3 |2 = 0 6.5 −4 |10.5 = =
5 6 −2 |−7 0 9.75 −4.5 |14.25

)( )
|
(
1 −79
1 −0.75 0.5 |−4.25 1 0
26 26
0 1
0 9.75
−8
13
21
13
=
0 1
−8
13
| 21 =
13 |
−4.5 |14.25 0 0
1.5 |−1.5

( )(
1 0
1
|−79
)
26 26 1 0 0 |−3

13 |13
= −8 21 = 0 1 0 |1 ;
0 1 0 0 1 |−1
0 0
1 |−1

x1 = -3; x2 = 1; x3 = -1;

В)
 ( ) ( ) ()
4 −3 2 −17 x1
A = 2 5 −3 ; B = 2 ; X = x 2 ;
5 6 −2 −7 x3

A*X = B;
X = A-1 * B;

( | )( | )
4 −3 2 1 0 0 1 −0.75 0.5 0.25 0 0
A-1 = 2 5 −3 0 1 0 = 2 5 −3 0 1 0 =
5 6 −2 0 0 1 5 6 −2 0 0 1

| ) ( | )
1 −0.75 0.5 0.25 0 0

(
1 −0.75 0.5 0.25 0 0
−8 −1 2
= 0 6.5 −4 −0.5 1 0 = 0 1
13 13 13
0 =
0 9.75 −4.5 −1.25 0 1
0 9.75 −4.5 −1.25 0 1

( | )( | )
5 3
1 5 3 1 0
1 0 0 1 0 26 26
26 26 26 26
−1 2
= 0 1 −8 −1 2 0 = 0 1 −8 13 13 0 =
13 13 13 13
−1 2
0 0 1.5 −0.5 −1.5 1 0 0 1 −1
3 3

( | )( )
8 2 −1 8 2 −1
39 13 39 39 13 39
1 0 0
−11 −6 16 −11 −6 16
= 0 1 0 39 13 39
= 39 13 39
;
0 0 1
−1 2 −1 2
−1 −1
3 3 3 3

( )( ) ( )
8
39
2 −1
13 39
−17
8
39
2
∗(−17 )+ ∗2+
13
−1
39 ( )
∗(−7)
−11
X = A-1 * B = 39
−6 16
13 39
* 2 =
−7
−11
39
∗(−17 ) +
−6
13 ( )
16
∗2+ ∗(−7) =
39
−1 2 −1 2
−1 ∗(−17 ) + (−1 )∗2+ ∗(−7)
3 3 3 3

()
−3
1 ;
−1

x1 = -3; x2 = 1; x3 = -1;
№8
( |) ( |)
2 5 4 1 20 1 2.5 2 0.5 10
1 3 2 1 11
= 1 3 2 1 11
=
2 10 9 9 40 2 10 9 9 40
3 8 9 2 37 3 8 9 2 37

( |)( |)
1 2.5 2 0.5 10 1 2.5 2 0.5 10
0 0.5 0 0.5 1 0 1 0 1 2
= 0 5 5 8 20 = 0 5 5 8 20 =
0 0.5 3 0.5 7 0 0.5 3 0.5 7

( | ) ( |) ( |)
1 0 2 −2 5 1 0 2 −2 5 1 0 0 −3.2 1
0 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 1 2
= 0 0 5 3 10 = 0 0 1 0.6 2 = 0 0 1 0.6 2 =
0 0 3 0 6 0 0 3 0 6 0 0 0 −1.8 0

( |) ( |)
1 0 0 −3.2 1 1 0 0 01
0 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 02
= 0 0 1 0.6 2
= 0 0 1 02
;
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 10

{
x 1=1
x 2=2
x 3=2
x 4=0
№9

Знайдемо ранг матриці методом елементарних перетворень:

( ) ( )
2 −1 3 4 1 −0.5 1.5 2
4 −2 5 6 4 −2 5 6
rank(A) =rank 6 −3 7 8 =rank 6 −3 7 8 =
8 −4 9 10 8 −4 9 10

( ) ( )
1 −0.5 1.5 2 1 −0.5 1.5 2
0 0 −1 −2 0 0 −1 −2
=rank 0 0 −2 −4 =rank 0 0 0 0 = 2
0 0 −3 −6 0 0 0 0
 ( )
2 −1 3 4 5
~ 4 −2 5 6 7
rank( A ) = rank 6 −3 7 8 9 =
8 −4 9 10 11

( )
2 −1 3 4 5
0 0 −1 −2 −3
= rank 6 −3 7 8 9 =
8 −4 9 10 11

( ) ( )
2 −1 3 4 5 2 −1 3 4 5
0 0 −1 −2 −3 0 0 −1 −2 −3
= rank 0 0 −2 −4 −6
= rank 0 0 −2 −4 −6
=
8 −4 9 10 11 0 0 −3 −6 −9

( )
2 −1 3 4 5
0 0 −1 −2 −3
= rank 0 0 0 0 0 = 2;
0 0 0 0 0
Оскільки rank(~
A ) = rank(A), тоді система є сумісною і має
нескінченно багато значень.

( )( )
2 −1 3 4 5 1 −0.5 1.5 2 2.5
0 0 −1 −2 −3 0 0 1 2 3
= =
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

( )
1 −0.5 0 −1 −2
0 0 1 2 3
= 0 0 0 0 0 ;
0 0 0 0 0
Отже система має множину розвязків:

{ x1 −0.5∗x 2−x 4 =−2

x 3 +2∗x 4=3
Фундаментальна система розвязків:

{
( x1 x2 x3 x4 )
( 1 −0 .5 0 −1 )
( 0 0 1 2)

№10

Запишемо векторне рівняння в матричному вигляді:

( ) ( ) ( )
4 2 −1 1 0.5 −0.25 1 0.5 −0.25
−5 0 2 = 0 2.5 0.75 = 0 1 0. 3 =
1 −3 1 0 −3 .5 1.25 0 −3.5 1.25

( ) ( ) ( )
1 0 −0. 4 1 0 −0.4 1 0 0
= 0 1 0.3 = 0 1 0.3 = 0 1 0
0 0 2.3 0 0 1 0 0 1
Отже дана система векторів є базисом!
Розкласти вектор х за даним базисом:

( |) ( | )
4 2 −1 −9 1 0.5 −0.25 −2.25
−5 0 2 5 = −5 0 2 5 =
1 −3 1 5 1 −3 1 5

( | )( | )
1 0.5 −0.25 −2.25 1 0.5 −0.25 −2.25
= 0 2.5 0.75 −6.25 = 0 1 0. 3 −2.5 =
0 −3.5 1 .25 7.25 0 −3.5 1.25 7.25

| )( | )
−1

(
1 0 −0. 4 −1 1 0 −0.4
−2.5
= 0 1 0.3 −2.5 = 0 1 0.3 −1 5 =
0 0 2.3 −1.5 0 0 1
23

( |)
−29
23
1 0 0
−53
= 0 1 0 23 ;
0 0 1
−15
23
−29 53 15
⃗x = ⃗p − ⃗q − ⃗r
23 23 23