DTH107 Assessment 1 Ayan Vahora 00331672T Assessment1 1 PDF

DTH107 Determine Health Assessment 1: Case Study – Care Action Plan
Assessment 1 Care Action Plan

STUDENT NAME Ayan Vahora
DATE 24/10/2021
Course HLT54115 Diploma of Nursing
Subject Title DTH107 Determine Health
Unit of Competency HLTAAP003 Analyse and respond to client health information
Performance Criteria, PC: HLTAAP003: 1.1-1.4, 2.1-2.3
Knowledge and PE: HLTAAP003: 1
Performance Evidence
KE: HLTAAP003: 1, 2a-c, 3a-m, 4a-b, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13a-c, 14a-c
Assessed
Title of Assessment Task Assessment 1: Case Study
Length 1000 words +/- 10%
Submission Due by 11:55pm AEST Sunday end of Module 3.2 (Week 6).
For this assessment, students must view ONE (1) case study and respond to a care action plan . This
action plan requires analysis and care planning and is based on the following diagram.
06.10.19 Version 2 RTO Code 02469. Think: Colleges Pty Ltd. CRICOS Provider No. 00246M Page 1
DTH107 Determine Health Assessment 1: Case Study – Care Action
Remove
surgical interventions
Care Action Plan: Scenario
For this action plan, students must view the following case study and follow this step to determine how
to manage Rob’s issues. His specifications are noted here.
Name: Rob • Married

Carrington Gender: • Occupation – Delivery driver
Male Ethnicity: • Earns good money
Caucasian • Travels a lot
Australian • Overweight 135kg
Aged: 53 years • Likes TV and beer to cope with stress
Family Status: • Has Type II Diabetes needing close management for job
Father Religion: • Smoker
Anglican • Diet preferences are Convenience foods/ fast food
• Unknown social support and external interests
• Has osteoarthritis in L) knee
06.10.19 RTO Code 02469. Think: Colleges Pty Ltd. CRICOS Provider No. Page
The steps in the action plan for Rob Carrington are listed on the following pages. At each step, there are a
number of questions you must respond to. Questions 1-14 relate to Rob’s situation.
Read these questions and take note of the information or actions that need to be addressed at each step.
Then, respond in the spaces provided.
Step 1 Definition
Rob hasofpresented
Health Disorder
with a number of issues and symptoms; some of which are acute,
Question 1 some of which are chronic. In the table below, list which items are either chronic or
acute.
Acute Issue Chronic Issue
Shortness of breath Smoking
Chest pain Type II Diabetes
Pain in his left arm Osteoarthritis of left knee
Of Rob’s issues, which should be dealt with first; acute or chronic? Explain why in 50
Question 2
words.
Response... Acute issues should be dealt with first, because they develop and deteriorate rapidly
as compared to chronic. If left untreated, the acute illness can transmute in to a
chronic illness. Additionally, after resolution of acute symptoms, the status of chronic
disease can be better analysed.
List five (5) body systems that are affected by Rob’s situation, and briefly note their
Question 3 purpose or function. Related to Robs chronic/ acute presenting issues.
Referencing required
Response... Type II Diabetes affects: 1. CNS (causes peripheral retinopathy)
2. Kidneys (Diabetic renal disease)
Smoking affects: 3. Respiratory system (can lead to bronchitis)
Dietary habits (beer and fast food) and sedentary life style can affect: 4. GI (May lead to
dyspepsia, GERD)
5. CVS (Increased chances of atherosclerosis)
Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018). Davidson's principles and
practice of medicine (23rd ed.).
Step 2For three

Question
Normal Anatomy and Physiology
(3) of the body systems affected by Rob’s acute issues, list two (2) signs or symptoms that might
4 indicate there might be a variation from normal function. Referencing required
Response... Respiratory system: when a person is normal, he/she don`t face any difficulty in breathing,
whereas Mr Rob is facing difficulty in breathing.
Musculoskeletal system: he is facing difficulty in moving his arm.
The body consists of different levels of structural organisation and complexity. In 100 words,
describe how each of the following items combine to make up the human body. In your response,
specify what the different types of muscle tissue are and how human body systems are formed at a
cellular level.
Question • Atoms
5 • Molecules
• Cells
• Organs
• Muscle tissue
• Human Body systems
Response... Atoms are smallest representatives of elements. e.g. Hydrogen is found in more than half of the
body proteins. Atoms together form molecules. Phospholipid is a molecule that forms cell
membranes, which with nucleus and cytoplasm make cells. Cells combine to form tissues, e.g.
muscle. Muscle tissues are: smooth, skeletal and cardiac. Smooth muscle together forms the
involuntarily functioning hollow organs e.g. uterus. Skeletal muscle is considered an organ itself,
which forms the voluntary skeletal system and the cardiac muscle makes up myocardium of the
heart, an organ, which is an integral part of the cardiovascular system.
References;-
 Molnar, C., & Gair, J. (2015). Concepts of Biology – 1st Canadian Edition.
BCcampus. Retrieved from https://opentextbc.ca/biology/
 Engler, N., Ostermann, A., Niimura, N., & Parak, F. G. (2003). Hydrogen atoms in
proteins: positions and dynamics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
of the United States of America, 100(18), 10243–10248.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1834279100
 Hall, J. E. (2015). Guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology (13th ed.). W B Saunders.
 Muscle tissue. Mescher A.L.(Ed.), (2018). Junqueira’s Basic Histology: Text and Atlas,
15e. McGraw Hill. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?
bookid=2430&sectionid=190280039
Step 3 Physiology
For each body system below, describe:
• One (1) disorder or disease that may affect it
• The pathophysiology of the disease associated with the body system (20 words
Question 6 each system)
• The impact of the disease on the body system and their related structures in relation
to potential impact of specific health procedures provided (30 words each).
• Referencing required
Body System Potential Pathophysiology of Disease Impact of disease on body system
Disease
Endocrine Diabetes Increase in insulin resistance and Uncontrolled Type II Diabetes Mellitus
system
type II decrease in β-cell function due to leads to neuropathy. This is caused by
metabolic syndrome and genetic impaired metabolism causing neural
predisposition. degeneration.
Patient complains about paraesthesia
Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, and dysaesthesia especially in the
M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018). peripheries.
Davidson's principles and practice
of medicine (23rd ed.).
Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan,

M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018).
Davidson's principles and practice of
medicine (23rd ed.).

Rheumatoi Caused by infiltration of synovial It leads to atrophy of the skeletal muscle
d arthritis membrane with inflammatory cells, associated with the affected joint together
which release mediators e.g. TNF-α with neurovascular damage. In some
leading to destruction of the bone. cases, CVS involvement has been noted as
manifested by pericardial effusions.
Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan,
M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018). M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018).
Musculoskele Davidson's principles and practice of Davidson's principles and practice of
tal system medicine (23rd ed.). medicine (23rd ed.).
Conjunctivi Infectious agents, irritants or allergies can It leads to continuously itching, hyperemic
tis cause inflammation of the conjunctiva with and swollen eyes. It is contagious
peri orbital edema. especially if an infectious agent is
identified. Watery eyes can impair the
vision temporarily.
Ryder EC, Benson S. Conjunctivitis.
[Updated 2021 Aug 11]. In: StatPearls Ryder EC, Benson S. Conjunctivitis.
[Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls [Updated 2021 Aug 11]. In: StatPearls
Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from: [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK5 Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from:
41034/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK5
41034/
Special
Senses
Trigeminal Compression of the trigeminal nerve by a Brief periods of electric-shock like pain is
neuralgia lesion, vasculature or due to experienced by the patient upon
degeneration. stimulation of the trigger point, along
any of the three branches of the nerve
on the face.
Nervous
system

Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018).
M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018). Davidson's principles and practice of
Davidson's principles and practice of medicine (23rd ed.).
Respiratory Response... Sudden constriction of the airways in Asthma causes increased mucus secretion
system
Asthma response to allergen exposure or in the airways. If left untreated, the
stress. symptoms transmute in to nocturnal
bursts of cough and wheeze that can
disturb the sleep patterns.
M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018). Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan,
Davidson's principles and practice M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018).
of medicine (23rd ed.). Davidson's principles and practice of
Hypertensi It has a multifactorial pathophysiology, Hypertension increases the workload of

on with culprits including unhealthy lifestyle, the myocardium leading to impaired
genetics, chronic diseases and certain functioning of the heart. The ventricles
drugs. hypertrophy and there are enhanced
chances of atrial fibrillation and heart
Cardiovascula failure.
r system Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan,
M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018).
Davidson's principles and practice Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan,
of medicine (23rd ed.). M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018).
ROB has type 2 diabetes. In 50 words discuss the process of carbohydrate metabolism, including
your understanding of anabolism and catabolism.
Question 7 Response...
:- The process of glycolysis is catabolic in nature that yields either pyruvate or lactate depending on the
oxygen concentration. The product is subject to the catabolic Citric Acid Cycle and oxidative
phosphorylation. For the formation of new glucose, anabolic processes, gluconeogenesis and pentose
phosphate pathways are employed.
Harvey, Richard A., Ph. D. (2011). Lippincott's illustrated reviews: Biochemistry. Philadelphia :Wolters
Kluwer Health,
Step 4 Diagnostic Tests

List three (3) methods you could use as an enrolled nurse/ within your scope of practice
Question 8
to assess Rob’s abnormalities, and briefly describe each one.
Response...  Taking BGL: We can check and educate Rob, how to take BGL so that he can
monitor his Blood sugar level so, that he can make sure that his BGL remains
in normal range.
 Perform and document PQRST pain assessment and vital signs: It is used to
monitor the acuteness or quality of pain also with other physiological status
of body.
 Perform ECG: Electrocardiogram is used to check the electric impulse of
heart using graphical representation.
Step 5
Prognosis
In 150 words,
9A: Define the acute event that Rob is presenting with.
Question 9 9B. The effects it has on the various body systems. Include potential signs and symptoms.
9C. The impact this could have on wellbeing and Rob’s health.
Response... Rob`s acute event is Myocardial Infraction or Chest tightness, caused by blockage of
coronary arteries and veins. It damages the cardiac muscles as it hinders the blood flow
of the respective area/s.
Respiratory system is also affected by this as there might be a fluid retention in lung
which can cause infection which will be accompanied by shortness of breath.
This will act as a hinderer in his daily living because his suffer continually from shortness
of breath, dizziness, nausea, chest tightness or pain in chest which may radiate to limbs
as well.
 Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018). Davidson's
principles and practice of medicine (23rd ed.).
Step 6
Conservative Medical Care
Rob may need both conservative medical and surgical treatment. For each intervention
(medical and surgical) specify:
• What the impact would be to Rob (20 words)
• One (1) relevant pharmacological process and one (1) drug action
Question 10
• One (1) potential indication and one (1) potential contraindication
• The role of one (1) member of the interdisciplinary team that might be required
• One (1) limitation of each member
Medical Treatment
Headache medicine or warfarin can be It will assist with decreasing the odds
Impact to Rob useful in giving help from chest pain or or of these intense issue or veins
shortness of breath as they act as blood blockage.
thinner.
Pharmacological interaction: warfarin is Angioplasty: a procedure wherein a catheter
utilized as a blood thinner to forestall is embedded into blocked coronary blood
Discuss one intense chest pain. vessels to clear the pathway of blood.
medication related
to Robs presenting Medication activity: it is a Vit. K antagonist,
issue for medical it inhibits the production of Vitamin K.
treatment, its
Pharmacological
process and
action.
Refer to your e-MIMs
Indication: Myocardial infraction. Excessive bleeding can cause severe
infection or may be death in some cases.
contradiction: blood in stool,
tipsiness, weakness, jaundice.
Medication
Indication and
contraindication
Drug specialist: Pharmacist is dependable Specialist: He is liable for performing safe

Interdisciplinary team to guarantee that patient will get right surgery
member role portion of medication.
They can just give right medicine yet They can only do surgery, post-surgery
can't screen the wellbeing status of care is done by nurses or vein specialist.
Limitation of
interdisciplinary team customer
member
 REFERENCES; Encyclopedia, M., & vessels, A. (2021). Aging changes in the heart and blood
vessels: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Retrieved 23 october 2021, from
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/004006.htm#:~:text=Normal%20changes%20in%20the
%20heart,fairly%20common
 Warfarin Uses, Dosage, Side Effects - Drugs.com. (2021). Retrieved 23 October 2021, from
https://www.drugs.com/warfarin.html
Step 7
Nursing Care Plan
Based on your analysis of Rob’s health information, you must now prepare a nursing care
plan that demonstrates your understanding of appropriate care and consideration of his
needs.
Question 11
Fill in the template below, noting four (4) issues Rob has and how you will manage each
one. Do not complete the final column (Discharge Plan), as it will be clarified in Step 9.
Referencing maybe required
Nursing Care Plan
Nursing Diagnosis Actual Potential Implementation Expected Outcomes Discharge Plan

(Note the issues you (How has that (What additional issues (How should it be treated?) (What do you expect
have diagnosed in issue or after treatment?)
Rob) manifested?) contraindications or
Complications should be
considered?)
Impaired low muscle OA is ROM exercises can Client will be able

physical mobility strength characterized by be helpful in this to move his joints
due to continuous case but before that more freely with
Osteoarthritis. degeneration of consult with low pain rating.
cartilage in physiotherapist.
between joints.
Nutritional excessive body it contributes Make a diet plan client will change
imbalance fat by skinfold your risk of with collaboration his eating patterns
or other body deficiency with client in taking and try to perform
measurement. diseases or his BMI, age, more exercise for
disorders. gender, and medical healthier body.
conditions in
account.
Improper Ineffective altered breathing assist or ask the Patient will be able
breathing due to breathing will patterns from patient to sit in to breath normally
COPD and chest result in low heart failure, proper body and hence, the
pain oxygen level in airway alignment for oxygen supply to
cells. obstruction, etc. maximum breath his cells become
inhalation. Also normal.
explain the deep
breathing and
coughing exercises
for clear airway.
Risk of radiating or non- it is a part of PQRST pain control or

Myocardial radiating chest Acute coronary assessment. Assist relaxation from
infarction due to pain with altered Syndrome which client to do deep chest pain.
Chest pain and blood pressure is a result of breathing exercises,
COPD and heart rate. prolonged guided imagery
myocardial helps in decreasing
ischemia. response to pain.
Step 8
Potential Complications
Describe the effects of biological maturation and ageing processes

Question 12 on the body systems related to Robs presentations (acute/
chronic) as discussed in the case study.
Response... Chronic:
Diabetes can lead to an impaired visual acuity over time

resulting from the retinopathy caused by the disorder. In
the near future, he may require glasses to continue
working as a delivery driver and his chances of having
cataracts are more than a non-diabetic patient.
Additionally, his periodontal health and teeth will
deteriorate faster owing to the impaired healing and
greater influx of inflammatory cells leading to chronic
periodontitis that might loosen his teeth. Peripheral
neuropathy may affect his limbs and he may complain
about discomfort to his feet while pressing the pedals
while driving his delivery truck for prolonged periods of
time. If left untreated, he may end up with end- stage
renal disease as aging already causes a decreased tubular
filtration and loss of nephrons, all of which can be
aggravated by his already sub-optimal renal functioning due
to diabetes.
Owing to his osteoarthritis, he has at an increased risk of

falls leading to fractures and to an impaired
proprioception in the future. Aging causes a reduction in
bone mineral density (BMD) which will make him more
susceptible to fractures. Decreased muscle tone may
affect dexterity and his ability to work.
Smoking, beer, sedentary lifestyle and wrong food

preferences can lead to cardiovascular events since aging
already leads to loss of vascular elasticity and weakens the
myocardium, lessening the ability of the heart to cope with
the stress of heavy meals, stress and any form of exercise.
Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, M. W. J., & Hobson,

R. (Eds.). (2018). Davidson's principles and practice of
Question 13
Revised question:
Rob has suffered a cardiac arrest. In 150 words explain:
13A: The major types of cardiac adaptation
13B: How does a cardiac event affect the cardiac muscles/

tissues?
13C: Explain the changes a cardiac event has on the heart?
13D: How could physical exercise increase the strength of the
cardiac muscles?
Response... 13A: The major types of cardiac adaptation
(1) Left ventricular hypertrophy
(2) Increased stroke volume
(3) Increased resting heart rate (1)
13B: A cardiac event can lead to:

(a) Ventricular hypertrophy
(b) Myocardial infarction (1)
13C: Explain the changes a cardiac event has on the
heart?
Ventricular hypertrophy is the increase in the size of the
ventricular myocardium, particularly the left ventricle, in
response to increased workload such as in the case of
exercise and hypertension. (1)
Myocardial infarction is caused by occlusion of one of

the coronary arteries leading to necrosis and ultimately
death of the myocardium supplied. (1)
13D: How could physical exercise increase the

strength of the cardiac muscles?
Exercise engages the skeletal muscles and the myocardium,

increasing the demand for blood by the former and
increasing the corresponding supply by the latter. An
increase in stroke volume and cardiac output means that
the ventricles are working hard, leading to an
enhancement in the quality and size of the myocardium.
(2)
REFERENCES
 Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan,

M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018).
 Nystoriak, M. A., & Bhatnagar, A.
(2018). Cardiovascular Effects and
Benefits of Exercise. Frontiers in
cardiovascular medicine, 5, 135.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2018.001
35
Step 9 Discharge Planning

Discharge planning should form part of a care plan. For the four (4) issues you specified in
Step 7, provide a discharge plan that includes:
• The appointments that should be made for the client upon discharge •
Question 14 The information or documentation that should be provided
• The healthcare professionals who should be involved.
Do not fill in the greyed out boxes.

Nursing Care Plan
Nursing Diagnosis Actual Potential Implementa Expected Discharge Plan

(Note the issues tion Outcomes (List what should be done to prepare the client for
you have discharge)
diagnosed in
Rob?)
Impaired Do the pain assessment. Then, at that

physical mobility point, instruct the patient with regards to
because of their medication and their subsequent
Osteoarthritis. meeting with Physiologist and orthopaedic
Nutritional instruct the patient and their relatives

imbalance with respect to the eating diet plan.
follow up meeting with Dietician
Improper Instruct patient with regards to

breathing deep breathing and cough activity,
because of and medication. Follow up meeting
COPD also chest with Pulmonologist
pain
Risk of Perform X-ray of chest and do pain

Myocardial assessment . Instruct and tell the
infarction due to quantity of Quitline. Follow up meeting
Chest pain and with GP.
COPD
In 50 words, describe homeostasis and the relationship between homeostatic imbalance

Question 15 and disease.
Response... Homeostasis is the maintenance of normal physiology by a negative input circle between
a sensor, an effector and an incorporating focus. Loss of homeostasis prompts an unusual
or insufficient reaction to inner or outer improvements. for example loss of homeostasis
between glucose levels and insulin prompts diabetes.
REFERENCES;-
Harvey, Richard
A., Ph. D. (2011).
Lippincott's
illustrated reviews:
Biochemistry.
Philadelphia :Wolte
rs Kluwer Health
Step 216 Physiology

Question For each body system below, describe:
• One (1) disorder or disease that may affect it

• The pathophysiology of the disease associated with the body system (20
words each system)
• The impact of the disease on the body system and their related structures
in relation to potential impact of specific health procedures provided (30
words each).
Body System Potential Disease Pathophysiology of Disease Impact of disease on body system
Prompts agonizing urine and

Cystitis is brought about by move of sensation of barricade
Response...
perineum organisms in to the urethra, during micturition. Expanded
Cystitis
instrumentation, diabetes and hormonal desire to urinate and agony
Urinary System lopsidedness. in the pubic bone may be
present
Slow- growing nodules
particularly in the area of
Response... Increased rate in patients with history of
the neck. They might be
Hodgkin irresistible mononucleosis. Invasion of
related with cough, abrupt
Lymphoma cells with Reed-Stenberg cells
weight reduction and may
Lymphatic System include various nodes.
In the intense stage, fever
infiltration of the lamina propria of the center and myalgia might go with
Special Senses Otitis Media ear by inflammatory cells. and whenever left untreated
can cause disintegration of
the bone and deafness.
Anorexia, queasiness,
Caused by a H.pylori disease or
Peptic ulcer stomach torment and
unreasonable smoking, NSAID use.
chronic blood loss might
Digestive system follow.
Violently itching skin with
erythematous regions that
It is a multifactorial sickness, with
Integumentary can be colonized by microbes,
system
Eczema pathophysiological reasons including genes,
prompting infections at the
climate, immune imbalance and so forth
site.
Reproductive Can prompt genital warts.

system
At the point when
Genital herpes caused by the herpes infection sufficiently enormous,
these warts can impede
labour.
Lack of insulin production
leading toi hyperglycaemia
Type 1 Diabetes
Immune system Autoimmune obliteration of β-cells and sequel of impaired
metabolism.
 REFRENCE
 Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.).
(2018). Davidson's principles and practice of medicine (23rd ed.).
 Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.).
(2018). Davidson's principles and practice of medicine (23rd ed.).
 Maria Francisca Colella-Santos, Caroline Donadon, Milaine Dominici Sanfins,
Leticia Reis Borges, "Otitis Media: Long-Term Effect on Central Auditory
Nervous System", BioMed Research International, vol. 2019, Article ID
8930904, 10 pages, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8930904
In 50 words explain the process of osmosis including osmotic and hydrostatic forces.
Referencing Required
Question 17
Osmosis is the movement of fluidfrom an area of high osmotic strain to a locale of low osmotic
tension through semi-penetrable membrane. Osmotic force applies a ''pulling'' power on the fluid by
virtue of solutes. Hydrostatic force applies ''pushing'' force on the fluid by virtue of greater volume.
Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2020, June 3). PH. Encyclopedia Britannica.

https://www.britannica.com/science/pH
Step 4 RENAL ACIDOSIS and ALKALOSIS
A UTI presents with ketones, blood, nitrates and leucocytes

In 50 words, explain the process of renal acidosis and alkalosis and what effect this has
on the pH of the blood.
Question 18 Referencing required.
Response... Renal acidosis is the point at which the blood pH falls beneath 7.35 and alkalosis is
the point at which the blood pH is above 7.35. In renal acidosis, the urine pH is
more prominent than 5.5.
Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, M. W. J., & Hobson, R. (Eds.). (2018).
Davidson's principles and practice of medicine (23rd ed.).
Additional Health Information Knowledge
Questions 19- 21-29 are not specifically linked to the care action plan you completed above. However,
they relate to a range of healthcare information that you, as a healthcare professional should know in
order to provide appropriate care to you clients.
For each of the issues below:

• Give an example of what the issue could be
Question 19 • Note two (2) body systems that could be affected
• Explain the impact on each body system
Issue Example Two (2) Affected Body Systems Impact on Body System
Decompression  Pulmonary Increase in nitrogen concentration of the
sickness capillaries body prompting torment in joints and
Diving emergency CNS issues that range from paralysis to
 Joints fits.
Laceration Laceration results in loss of tissue

 Blood vessels uprightness which can bring about scarring
Tissue damage
 Skin and contamination if not debrided and and
attended to timely
Altitude  Pulmonary edema Decreased partial pressure of oxygen in the
sickness  Cerebral edema body, the brain may temporarily be
Altitude emergency deprived of oxygen leading to syncope,
edema and requires prompt treatment.
Heat stroke Abrupt changes in persons body

Temperature  Loss of temperature address homeostatic failure
exhaustion electrolytes and can prompt multi-organ failure.
emergenc  Cardiovascular
y
collapse
Benzodiazipine  CNS depression The patient will give a deficiency of intact
Overdose or toxicity  Respiratory sensory and motor functions, including
poisoning Emergency depression awkward developments and will need
quick respiratory help
Needle stick  Conduit for Needle stick injury opens the patients to
injury blood- borne hepatitis B, C and HIV, which can influence
Skin penetration
wound
infections various organs and change the casualty's
insusceptible framework to make them
more powerless to contaminations.
Horse-riding  Fracture of bones The most common and threatening
Blunt object wound injuries  Effects on CNS outcome of such injuries is the fracture,
e.g. memory loss especially of the pelvic region and
contusion
REFRENCES;-
 Hupp, J. R., Ellis, E., & Tucker, M. R. (2008). Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery. St.
Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier.
 Kang M, Galuska MA, Ghassemzadeh S. Benzodiazepine Toxicity. [Updated 2021 Jul 26]. In:
StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482238/
 King KC, Strony R. Needlestick. [Updated 2021 Aug 11]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island
(FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from:
 Prince TS, Thurman J, Huebner K. Acute Mountain Sickness. [Updated 2021 Jul 29]. In:
StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from:
 Rublee, C., Dresser, C., Giudice, C., Lemery, J., & Sorensen, C. (2021). Evidence-Based
Heatstroke Management in the Emergency Department. The western journal of emergency
medicine, 22(2), 186–195. https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2020.11.49007
 Weber, C. D., Nguyen, A. R., Lefering, R., Hofman, M., Hildebrand, F., & Pape, H. C. (2017). Blunt
injuries related to equestrian sports: results from an international prospective trauma database
analysis. International orthopaedics, 41(10), 2105–2112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-017-3592-
1
In 20 words, for each response, address the below points:

• Explain the difference between molecules and compounds
• Describe metabolism and the two processes it involves
Question 20 • What is pH?
• How does respiratory acidosis occur?
• What is alkalosis and how is it prevented?
Point to Address Response
Molecules and compounds Molecules are a combination of atoms, whereas intensifies molecules in what
constituent atoms are not the same as each other.
Metabolism Aggregate of all substance processes occurring inside living cells is metabolism,
involving anabolic and catabolic cycles.
pH The proportion of acidity and alkalinity of a medium is called pH.
Respiratory acidosis nability of the respiratory system to eliminate carbon dioxide is called respiratory
acidosis.
Alkalosis Increased levels of bicarbonate or decreased levels of carbon dioxide prompts
alkalosis
 References;-
 Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2020, June 3). PH. Encyclopedia

Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/pH
 Harvey, Richard A., Ph. D. (2011). Lippincott’s illustrated reviews: Biochemistry. Philadelphia :Wolters
 Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. (2020, August 26). What Is the Difference Between a Molecule and
a Compound? Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/difference-between-molecule-and-
compound-608511
Kluwer Health,
For each of the body processes described below, specify the type of transport it relates to,
using this list.
• Passive-Simple diffusion
Question 21 • Active transport
• Passive- Facilitated diffusion
• Osmosis
• Hydrostatic pressure
Type of Transport Process
Osmosis The passage of water molecules down the concentration gradient across a semipermeable membrane.
Sodium potassium pump: The movement of sodium ions from a lower concentration inside the cell to a higher
Active transport concentration outside the cell, with the assistance of ATP.
Passive-facilitated Cellular metabolism requires glucose, a large molecule. The cell provides glucose-specific carrier proteins that
bind to glucose molecules and allow them to enter the cell from a higher to lower concentration.
diffusion
Passive-Simple Gas exchange at the alveoli: Oxygen is exchanged from the air to the blood and carbon dioxide from blood to
air.
diffusion
Hydrostatic
The force exerted by blood against the walls of the blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart.
pressure
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BY- NC-SA. Available at:
https://wou.edu/chemistry/courses/online-chemistry-textbooks/ch103- allied-health-
chemistry/
 Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2020, June 3). PH. Encyclopedia
Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/pH
 Engler, N., Ostermann, A., Niimura, N., & Parak, F. G. (2003). Hydrogen atoms in
proteins: positions and dynamics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of
the United States of America, 100(18), 10243–10248.
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1834279100
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Biochemistry. Philadelphia :Wolters Kluwer Health,
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Biochemistry. Philadelphia :Wolters Kluwer Health,
 Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. (2020, August 26). What Is the Difference Between
a Molecule and a Compound? Retrieved from
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 Hupp, J. R., Ellis, E., & Tucker, M. R. (2008). Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery.
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Reis Borges, "Otitis Media: Long-Term Effect on Central Auditory Nervous System",
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DTH107 Determine Health Assessment 1: Case Study – Care Action Plan

Assessment 1 Care Action Plan

Name: Rob • Married

Shortness of breath Smoking

Chest pain Type II Diabetes

Pain in his left arm Osteoarthritis of left knee

2. Kidneys (Diabetic renal disease)

Smoking affects: 3. Respiratory system (can lead to bronchitis)

5. CVS (Increased chances of atherosclerosis)

Step 2For three

Musculoskeletal system: he is facing difficulty in moving his arm.

Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan,

medicine (23rd ed.).

Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan,

medicine (23rd ed.).

Hypertensi It has a multifactorial pathophysiology, Hypertension increases the workload of

Step 4 Diagnostic Tests

Drug specialist: Pharmacist is dependable Specialist: He is liable for performing safe

Nursing Diagnosis Actual Potential Implementation Expected Outcomes Discharge Plan

Impaired low muscle OA is ROM exercises can Client will be able

Risk of radiating or non- it is a part of PQRST pain control or

Describe the effects of biological maturation and ageing processes

Diabetes can lead to an impaired visual acuity over time

Owing to his osteoarthritis, he has at an increased risk of

Smoking, beer, sedentary lifestyle and wrong food

Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan, M. W. J., & Hobson,

13B: How does a cardiac event affect the cardiac muscles/

Response... 13A: The major types of cardiac adaptation

(1) Left ventricular hypertrophy

(2) Increased stroke volume

(3) Increased resting heart rate (1)

13B: A cardiac event can lead to:

Myocardial infarction is caused by occlusion of one of

13D: How could physical exercise increase the

Exercise engages the skeletal muscles and the myocardium,

 Ralston, S. H., Penman, I. D., Strachan,

Step 9 Discharge Planning

Do not fill in the greyed out boxes.

Nursing Diagnosis Actual Potential Implementa Expected Discharge Plan

Impaired Do the pain assessment. Then, at that

Nutritional instruct the patient and their relatives

Improper Instruct patient with regards to

Risk of Perform X-ray of chest and do pain

In 50 words, describe homeostasis and the relationship between homeostatic imbalance

Step 216 Physiology

• One (1) disorder or disease that may affect it

Prompts agonizing urine and

Reproductive Can prompt genital warts.

Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2020, June 3). PH. Encyclopedia Britannica.

Step 4 RENAL ACIDOSIS and ALKALOSIS

A UTI presents with ketones, blood, nitrates and leucocytes

Additional Health Information Knowledge

For each of the issues below:

Laceration Laceration results in loss of tissue

Heat stroke Abrupt changes in persons body

In 20 words, for each response, address the below points:

 Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2020, June 3). PH. Encyclopedia

Reference List (APA):

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