Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region 02
Schools Division of the City of Ilagan
ISABELA SCHOOL OF ARTS AND TRADES-CABANNUNGAN ANNEX
Cabannungan 1st, City of Ilagan Isabela

Instructional Planning

Detailed Lesson Plan (DLP)

DLP No.: Learning Area: Grade Level: Quarter: Duration: Date:

01 PHYSICAL SCIENCE 12 3RD 1 HOUR MARCH 31, 2022
Learning Competency/ies: CODE:
 Describe the general types of intermolecular forces. S11/12PS-III-d-17

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. describe the types of intermolecular forces present in substances;
b. recognize the importance of intermolecular forces of attraction by examining real life applications;
c. create a video that demonstrate how intermolecular forces of attraction affects the properties of a
given substance.
II. SUBJECT MATTER
A. TOPIC: GENERAL TYPES OF INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
B. REFERENCES: SHS PHYSICAL SCIENCE MODULE 5: GENERAL TYPES OF
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
General Chemistry Book: Lesson 2-Intermolecular forces pp.128-132
Chemistry, 10th Edition by Raymond Chang.pdf pp. 163-170
C. MATERIALS: PowerPoint presentation, cardboard, glass, pan and water
D. VALUE INTEGRATION: Unification, collective responsibility

III. LEARNING ACTIVITIES

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
A. Preliminary Activities
a) Greetings
Good morning, class. Good morning, ma’am.
How’s your day? Great ma’am.
b) Prayer
Before we start our day, let’s first be
guided by God’s presence by starting with
a prayer. (Let us pray……… amen.)
___________ please lead the prayer.
Thank you.
c) Checking of Attendance None ma’am.
Is there any absentee today class?
Very good.

For online class: Okay, for today’s

attendance, I will monitor it at the end of
the discussion. I will download the
attendance report here in our online
learning platform. This shows how time
you are in.
For face-to-face class: Okay, I have here
the attendance sheet, you will sign it after
our class.

B. Recall
 Last meeting, sir Jeff discussed the polarity of
molecules and its properties. (Ma’am, solubility is the ability of a solid solute to dissolve
This discusses the solubility, miscibility and the in a liquid solvent. On the other hans, miscibility refers to the
general properties of polar and nonpolar ability of one liquid to completely dissolve in another liquid
molecules. solvent)
Okay, who would like to give me the difference
of solubility and miscibility?
Yes, Miss ______

Very good, Ms._____

C. Motivation
Now, let’s have an activity! I want everyone to
pay attention and observe. You can write your
observation regarding the activity. This activity is
called Water Defying gravity!
(One student will volunteer him/herself)
We have here the materials. We have a
cardboard, glass, pan and water.
Now may I have one volunteer. Come in front.
Who wants to volunteer?

Thank you, Miss_____.

Okay, all you need to do is to follow the

procedures I will give. Don’t worry, the
procedures are very simple and I will assist you.
For the rest of the class, please pay attention and
observe. I have here the guide questions for you
to answer.
o What happened to the water when you
tilt the glass? Does the water spill or
not? What do you think is the reason
behind it?
For procedure number 1, you have to pour water
in the glass. (Student will now pour the water in the glass.)
Afterwards, you have to cover the glass with
cardboard. (Student will cover the glass without holding the
Last procedure, tilt the glass without holding the cardboard.)
cardboard.

Thank you, Ms. ____, you may now go back to

your sit.

So, in the activity, what happened to the water The water did not spill on to the floor, ma’am.
when Ms. ____ tilt the glass?

Yes, Ms./Mr. ______

I think because of surface tension, ma’am.
Exactly, the water did not spill on to the floor.
Why do you think this happened?

Very good. The water did not spill on the floor

due to the intermolecular forces of attraction that
acts between molecules of substances such as the
water.
So, as we go on to the lesson, we can learn about
the intermolecular forces of attraction that acts in
the different molecules such as the water.
D. Lesson Proper
Now, let’s proceed to the types of intermolecular
forces of attraction.
What is IMFA?
Intermolecular forces of attraction are the forces
that hold atoms together within the molecule.
These are forces that exist between molecules.
Have you tried watching an interbarangay
basketball league? It is call interbarangay because
different barangays were involved.
How about an international beauty contest?
We call it international for the reason that
contestants are from different nations. Now, in
terms of intermolecular, different molecules were
involved and there are certain forces that exist
between the molecules and that will be the focus
for our today’s discussion.
These forces are
Ion-dipole → Hydrogen-bonding →
dipole-dipole → dipole-induced dipole →
London forces of attraction. These forces are
arranged from STRONGEST to WEAKEST.

Let’s have the first one the ION-DIPOLE.

Ion-dipole force is an attractive force that results
from the electrostatic attraction between an ion
and a neutral molecule that has a dipole

So, here the anion attracts the partially positive

end of a neutral polar molecule. Then the cation
attracts the partially negative end of a neutral
polar molecule. If the anion is attracted to the
positive side, the cation is attracted to the
negative side. So usually in the ion dipole forces,
the coulomb laws explain the ion-dipole force.
The strength in the molecule depends on the
charge and size of the ion and on the magnitude
of the dipole moments and size of the molecules.
The charges on cation are generally more
concentrated. WHY? Cations are usually smaller
than anion therefore cation interact more strongly
with dipoles than does an ion having a charge the
same magnitude. Let’s have an example:

Here we have chlorine and sodium. Chlorine is a

negative ion so this is anion. So, there will be an
attraction between chlorine and the partially
positive end of neutral polar molecule.

So, the negative ion attracts partial

positive end of a neutral polar. So, the attraction
will be chlorine and hydrogen. So, specifically
this is ion-dipole type if IMF

Positive ion will attract on the partial negative

end of neutral polar molecule which is the
oxygen. So therefore, there will be an attraction
and that will be sodium to oxygen.

So, to simply put, when we say ion dipole, we

have a given ion and polar molecule.

Let’s take a look at this.

In this, we can notice that, they are positive.
So usually, these interaction shows the ion dipole
between sodium and magnesium with a water
molecule which has a large dipole moment.
Because Magnesium Ion has a higher charge and
smaller ionic radius than sodium ion, it interacts
more strongly with water molecule.

The smaller ionic radius, the stronger the

attraction between polar molecules. So, if we
compare this, sodium has weak attraction
between water molecules. While magnesium ion
has a strong attraction between molecules.

Now let’s proceed to hydrogen bonding

Hydrogen bonding is a type of dipole-dipole
force and this is the strongest form of dipole-
dipole force.

They are not chemical bonds in formal sense.

Strong hydrogen bonding occurs among polar

covalent molecules containing H and one of three

small, highly electronegative elements- O, N.
So, basically hydrogen bond is bond between
hydrogen and a highly electronegative.
Specifically, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine.

In the activity water defying gravity, water

molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds.
Hydrogen bonds are much stronger type of
intermolecular forces that those in many other
substances, and this affects the properties of
water.
Another example, the molecules of ammonia
(NH3) are made up of 3 hydrogen and 1 nitrogen.
So since, this is a polar molecule therefore it is
slightly negative on the nitrogen side and slightly
positive on the hydrogen. In this case, the
hydrogen molecules will be attracted to nitrogen.

And this bond is called Hydrogen bond.

If there is a water molecule in the surrounding,

hydrogen can be attracted to ammonia to water.
And still, we can call it hydrogen bond.
Now, let’s move on to the next type of
intermolecular forces of attraction, the dipole-
dipole.

This force are attractive forces between polar

molecules, that is, between molecules that
possess dipole moments.
In this type, the importance of polarity is been
observed. Remember that polar molecules are the
molecules that experience dipole-dipole forces.
While nonpolar molecules do not experience. For
the simple reason that there is no dipole for
nonpolar molecules.

This dipole -dipole force is the reasons for the

special properties of water and one of this is the
surface tension.

Do you think that a needle can float in a water,

class?
As long as you slowly put the needle in the water.
Let me show you a short video.

But of course, buoyancy has nothing to do with

this.
So, what is surface tension?
If you look closer to a water molecule, you can
observe a mickey mouse like. You can also notice
that these 2 hydrogens on one side is slightly
positive.
 This is because the proton is expose to the other
side and on the other side, the electrons of oxygen
is exposed thus the charge are slightly positive.
Now if these water molecules are close to each
other, those negative portions are attracted to the
positive portions thus they attract. Remember the
rule that unlike charges attract, like charges repel.
Assuming that you are a water molecule and you
are in the surface, your positive side is attracted
to negative side to the other water molecules. On
the other hand, your negative side is attracted to
the positive side of the other water molecules.
With these, you are like a firm team (kapit-bisig).
So, this is surface tension.
When you put a normal needle slowly on you,
you will not be separated. And the needle will not
pass through. This is also the reason why water
droplets are circle. They are firm enough to the
point that their shape is circle.
Next, we have.
London Dispersion Force-
London dispersion force or simply dispersion
forces are intermolecular forces of attraction that
exists between atoms and molecules.
Let’s say we have two neutral atoms which
consists of protons and neutrons in the middle
and electrons around it. Since they are neutral,
and again, when we say neutral atom, they have
the same number of protons and electrons. How
then these molecules create forces of attraction?

How are they attracted to each other even if they

are not dipole? So, this is what happens.

Electrons in molecules do not just stay in one place.

These electrons also moved. They can move from
any place. Sometimes due to their movement the
move from one side and if that happen, they become
slightly positive on the one side and slightly negative
on one side.
And we call it instantaneous dipole. But of course,
this is not permanent. Now if the molecule has an
instantaneous dipole, then its neighboring molecule
will become slightly negative on the one side.
 This neighboring molecule will notice the electrons;
thus, they will react. The neighboring molecule will
now move.
With this reaction, they will also having an
instantaneous dipole.
The positive side will attract the negative side. And

the force that attract to this molecule is called London

dispersion force.
London Dispersion Force is the weakest type of
intermolecular forces of attraction. So, what is the
reason behind it?

1. The instantaneous dipoles are not permanent.

2. The strength of London dispersion force
depends on the number of electrons.

E. Application
Cite application of intermolecular forces in
medical industry, construction and engineering,
and in technology.

F. Generalization
What is the force of attraction between or among
molecules?
a. Electromagnetic force
b. Intermolecular force of attraction?
c. Gravitational force The answer is B ma’am.
d. Weak and strong

Remember that in our universe, there are four

fundamental forces namely:

 Gravitational force
 Strong nuclear force
 Weak nuclear force
 Electromagnetic force

The attraction between charge particles is because of

the electromagnetic force. This is the reason that we
have intermolecular forces of attraction in the first
place.
But since, the question is what is the specific, the
force of attraction between or among molecules, the
answer is B.

What happens to the boiling point as you increase the

strength of IMFA?
A. It remains the same B. It increases as well ma’am.
B. It increases
C. It decreases
D. It becomes zero
The stronger the intermolecular force, the higher
the boiling point.
Boiling point is needed for a water to boil. For
example, in water molecule, there is a need for it
to reach 100 degrees Celsius for it to boil. But
why is that, that there are water molecules that are
easy to boil? and vice versa.
The reason is that, there are molecules that
consists of weak intermolecular forces of
attraction. Little heat can make the water
molecules separate from each other. Although
there are water molecules that has strong forces of
attraction between them. For example, the
hydrogen bond in water. We need to increase the
temperature to 100 degrees Celsius before the
water molecules can be separated and boils.

So, the stronger the intermolecular forces of

attraction, the higher the boiling point.
G. Valuing

Okay, for your performance task, I will let you

create a video that demonstrate how
intermolecular forces of attraction affects the
properties of a given substance.
IV. Evaluation
Activity 1. OPERATION: Crossword puzzle
Directions complete the crossword by filling
in the boxes to form a word that fits each clue.

Across
1. This is a special case of very strong
dipole-dipole interaction.
4. This holds atom together in a molecule.
6. Intermolecular force present among
symmetrical nonpolar substance.
8. These are attractive forces between
molecules.
Down
2. This is an intermolecular force that acts
between an ion and a polar molecule.
3. a collective term used to define attraction
of intermolecular forces.
5. These are attractive forces between polar
molecules.
7. This is an element that forms hydrogen
bonding.
V. Assignment
For your assignment, please search regarding
the effects of intermolecular forces on
properties of substance. Site your resources.

Prepared by:
SHAINA JOY N. INERE
Practice Teacher

Checked by:

JEFFREY L. FEBRERO
Cooperating Teacher

Noted by:

REGALADO R. DIONICIO
Cooperating Head Teacher