UNDERSTANDING

THE COMPUTER
SYSTEM HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

GROUP 1: LEGASPI, IBESA, LUNA, MONTINO, MANALO, TIMBAL, OLIVA 11:11PM

enda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agen

Topics Covered

II. Use of
I.
Tools in Pc
Understanding
Hardware
the Computer
TOPICS System
Servicing

III. Safety
Procedures
enda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agenda • Agen

Topics Covered

1. Identify the important

components of a PC and its
function.
2. Distinguish the different
OBJECTIVES
hardware tools.
3. Familiarize the safety
procedures in ICT.
n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H

HARDWARE
Maria Riane Legaspi

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H
 Computer hardware is a
collective term used to describe
any of the physical components
of an analog or digital
HARDWARE computer.

The term hardware distinguishes

the tangible aspects of a
computing device from software

Hardware and software are

complementary.

Back to Agenda Page

 CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER
HARDWARE COMPONENTS
Internal hardware -
components necessary
for the computer to
function properly.
External hardware-
components attached to
the computer to add or
enhance its
functionality.

INTERNAL HARDWARE

Motherboard
This is a printed circuit board
that holds the central
processing unit (CPU) and other
essential internal hardware and
functions as the central hub
that all other hardware
components run through.

Back to Agenda Page

CPU
CPU is the brain of the computer
that processes and executes
digital instructions from
various programs; its clock
speed determines the computer's
performance and efficiency in
processing data.

Back to Agenda Page

RAM
is temporary memory storage that
makes information immediately
accessible to programs; RAM is
volatile memory, so stored data
is cleared when the computer
powers off.

Back to Agenda Page

Hard drive
physical storage devices that store
both permanent and temporary data
in different formats, including
programs, OSes, device files,
photos, etc.

Back to Agenda Page

Solid-state drive
(SSD)
are solid-state storage devices
based on NAND flash memory
technology; SSDs are non-volatile,
so they can safely store data even
when the computer is powered down.

Back to Agenda Page

Optical drive
typically reside in an on-device
drive bay; they enable the computer
to read and interact with
nonmagnetic external media, such as
compact disc read-only memory or
digital video discs.

Back to Agenda Page

Heat sink
This is a passive piece of
hardware that draws heat away from
components to regulate/reduce their
temperature to help ensure they
continue to function properly.
Typically, a heat sink is installed
directly atop the CPU, which
produces the most heat among
internal components.

Back to Agenda Page

Graphics
processing unit
This chip-based device processes
graphical data and often functions
as an extension to the main CPU.

Back to Agenda Page

Network interface
card (NIC)
is a circuit board or chip that
enables the computer to connect to
a network; also known as a network
adapter or local area network
adapter, it typically supports
connection to an Ethernet network.

Back to Agenda Page

EXTERNAL HARDWARE

Mouse
is a hand-held pointing device that
moves a cursor around a computer
screen and enables interaction with
objects on the screen. It may be
wired or wireless.

Back to Agenda Page

Keyboard
A keyboard is an input device
featuring a standard QWERTY keyset
that enables users to input text,
numbers or special characters

Back to Agenda Page

Microphone
A microphone is a device that
translates sound waves into
electrical signals and supports
computer-based audio
communications.

Back to Agenda Page

Camera
A camera captures visual images and
streams them to the computer or
through a computer to a network
device

Back to Agenda Page

Touchpad
A touchpad is an input device,
external or built into a laptop,
used to control the pointer on a
display screen. It is typically an
alternative to an external mouse.

Back to Agenda Page

USB flash drive
A USB flash drive is an external,
removable storage device that uses
flash memory and interfaces with a
computer through a USB port.

Back to Agenda Page

Memory card
A memory card is a type of portable
external storage media, such as a
CompactFlash card, used to store
media or data files.

Back to Agenda Page

CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTERNAL
HARDWARE

Input hardware

Output hardware
components

Input Hardware
Example: joysticks, styluses and
scanners

Back to Agenda Page

Output Hardware
Example: Monitor, Printer, Speaker,
Headphones.

Back to Agenda Page

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H

SOFTWARE
Joanna Elle Ibesa

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H
SOFTWARE
It is all the
programs run by the
computer programs is
made up of
instruction that
tell the hardware
what to do.

Back to Agenda Page

 Two types of software’s:

System Software
- System software are program
which operate the computer
hardware and allow application
program to be run.

Application Software
-Application Software are also
categorized in such different
ways such as: General,
Specialized, Integrated, and
Custom Written.

Operating System

EXAMPLE:

O.S: Windows 10, 0.1, 8, O.S: Windows 10, 0.1, 8, Mobile O.S: google
7, XP. Vista, .os.x. 7, XP. Vista, .os.x. android, apple ioS. Nokia
Linux and Unix Linux and Unix Symbian, Microsoft
window phone OS

Other types of system software

aside operating systems:

Device System Development

drive utilities tools

Other types of system software

aside operating systems:

The boot
programs The Bios Assembler

 So why do we need Operating

System and other system
software? Why can’t application
program can perform this
function?

Back in the down of computing

they did just that. There is no
operating system programs
written for a computer and
those program interact directly
with the hardware.
They can rub fast, they can run
lean, and they could only run on
that machine.

Back to Agenda Page

The relationship between
hardware and software

So how programs run?

RAM stores the data and
instructions fer current running
programs. Whenever you launch
a program, the instruction for
the program are copied into RAM
or main memory.

Back to Agenda Page

 USE OF TOOLS
IN PC HARDWARE
SERVICING
ESD, HAND TOOLS,
CLEANING TOOLS,
DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS

11:11PM
n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H

ELECTRO-STATIC
DISCHARGE
Jeremie Oliva

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H
Electro Static
Discharge (ESD) Static electricity is easily
generated by friction on
Tools carpets, tile flooring,
clothing, hair, fabric, and etc.

This tools can help to prevent

the static electricity to harm
the people.

Back to Agenda Page

Anti static wrist
strap
Used to prevent EDS to damage
computer equipment

Back to Agenda Page

Anti Static Mat
Used to stand on or place hardware
on to prevent static electricity
from building up

Back to Agenda Page

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H

Hand Tools
Jay-J Manalo

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H
Hand Tools
A hand tool is a device for
performing work on a material or
a physical system using only
hands.

Back to Agenda Page

Flat Head
Screwdriver
Used to loosen or tighten slotted
screws

Back to Agenda Page

Philips Head
Screwdriver
Used to loosen or tighten cross-
head screws

Back to Agenda Page

Torx Screwdriver
Used to loosen or tighten screws
that have a star-like depression on
the top, a feature that is mainly
found on laptop

Back to Agenda Page

Hex Driver (nut
driver)
Used to tighten nuts in the same
way that a screwdriver tightens
screws

Back to Agenda Page

Needle-Nose Pliers
Used to hold small parts

Back to Agenda Page

Wire Cutter
Used to strip and cut wires

Back to Agenda Page

Tweezers
Used to manipulate small parts.

Back to Agenda Page

Part Retriever
Used to retrieve parts from
location that is too small for your
hand to fit

Back to Agenda Page

Flashlight
Used to light up areas that you
cannot see well.

Back to Agenda Page

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H

Cleaning Tools
Bam Timbal

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H
Cleaning Tools
Having the appropriate cleaning
tools is essential when
maintaining or repairing
computers

Back to Agenda Page

Cable Ties

Used to bundle cables neatly inside

and outside of a computer.

Back to Agenda Page

Lint-free Cloth
Used to clean different computer
components without scratching or
leaving debris

Back to Agenda Page

Parts Organizer
Used to hold screw, jumpers,
fasteners and other small parts and
prevents them from getting mixed
together.

Back to Agenda Page

Compressed Air
Used to blow away dust and debris
from different computer parts
without touching the components.

Back to Agenda Page

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H

Diagnostic
Tools
Frank Montino

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H
Diagnostic Tools
computers are easier to use and
more dependable with each new
generation of hardware and
operating system update, but it
doesn't mean they're problem-free.
here's the most popular tools for
diagnosing your computer problems

Back to Agenda Page

MULTIMETER
Used to testthe integrity of
circuits and the quality of
electricity in computer components.

Back to Agenda Page

LOOPBACK
ADAPTER
Used of test the functionality of
computer ports

Back to Agenda Page

 Safety
Procedures

11:11PM
n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H

SAFETY
PROCEDURES
Renz Luna

n Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section Header • Section H
Safety Procedures
- Remove your watch and jewelry and
secure loose clothing.
- Turn off the power and unplug
equipment before performing
service.
- Cover sharp edges inside the
computer case with tape.
- Never open a power supply or a
CRT monitor.

Back to Agenda Page

Safety Procedures
- Do not work alone so that there's
someone who can take care of you in
case of emergency.
- Always power off the computer
and unplug the computer before
working on it.
- Take away any liquid near your
working area to avoid getting
electrocuted or accidentally
damaging.

Back to Agenda Page

Health and Safety 1. Do not work alone so that
Procedures there's someone who can take
care of you in case of
emergency.
2. Always power off the
computer and unplug the computer
before working on it.
3. Take away any liquid near
your working area to avoid
getting electrocuted or
accidentally damaging computer
parts.

Back to Agenda Page

Health and Safety
Procedures 6. Do not use excessive force if
things don't quite slip into
place.
7. Clean the area before and
after using it to maintain
sanitation and prevent
accidents.
8. Hold the components on the
edges and do not touch the
Integrated Circuit (IC) parts.

Back to Agenda Page

Health and Safety
Procedures 9. Always wear personal
protective equipments (PPE) in
accordance with the
organization's OHS procedures
and practices.
10. Make sure that the pins are
properly aligned when connecting
a cable connector.

Back to Agenda Page

Thank you!