URDANETA CITY UNIVERSITY

GRADUATE SCHOOL
#1 San Vicente West, Urdaneta City, Pangasinan, 2428 Philippines

TITLE OF PORTFOLIO

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement in

Philo-Socio-Psycho-Anthro Foundations of Physical Education and Sports
(MPES 114)

MASTER OF ARTS
IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

KIM JADE D. SOLIVEN

JUNE 2020
 1. Research and identify at least ten major challenges of the COVID-19
pandemic with your insights on what needs to be done to: (2 TO 3
SENTENCES EACH)
TEN MAJOR CHALLENGES OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON EDUCATION
CHALLENGES
Distance learning will reinforce
teaching and learning approaches
that we know do not work well.
Educators will be overwhelmed and
unsupported to do their jobs well.
The protection and safety of
children will be harder to safeguard.
THINGS NEEDED TO BE DONE
Many countries are shifting to distance
learning approaches, whether through
distributing physical packets of
materials for students or through using
technology to facilitate online learning.
And there are real risks because many
of these approaches can be very
solitary and didactic when you’re just
asking students to sit and quietly watch
videos, read documents online, or click
through presentations that’s really dull.
The worst form of learning is to sit
passively and listen, and this may be
the form that most students will receive
during school closures. It serves no one
well, especially those who are the
furthest behind.
Teachers had little or no notice about
their schools closing and shifting to
online learning, this can be challenging
for anybody. They have shared that
they are overwhelmed with all sorts of
materials and products, and we are
seeing educators begin to push back
and request help filtering through all the
resources to find those that are quality.
At the same time, teachers are just
like the rest of us in that they are
experiencing this strange new world as
mothers, fathers, aunts, uncles, and
grandparents. They are trying to deal
with their individual lives and take care
of their kids and find new ways to make
sure that learning continues.
We have stringent processes around
checking who has access to children
during school, in after-school clubs and
sports. Schools have safeguard
measures in place to ensure that
predators toward children, such as
pedophiles, cannot access young
people. Now, once you move to online

School closures will widen the equity
gaps.
 Poor experiences with ed-tech
during the pandemic will make it
harder to get buy-in later for good
use of ed-tech.
Blended learning approaches will be
tried, tested, and increasingly used.
learning in a home environment, you
cannot safeguard against this. People
have to be mindful about the design of
online learning so that bad individuals
do not get to children outside of their
home.
Over the last decade or so, progress
has been made in the number of
students who have access to devices
and connectivity, making this move to
online learning possible. At the same
time, not every child has access to
digital devices or internet connectivity at
home, and we need to ensure those
kids get access to learning resources as
well. This means that learning
resources need to be available on every
kind of device and it means, for kids
who do not have access, we still need
to find a way to reach them.
We know that some students who use
ed-tech during the pandemic will have a
poor experience because they are not
used to it. Some people will say, “During
the virus we tried the ed-tech-enabled
learning approaches, it was terrible, and
look at my test scores.” Yes, this will
happen. People’s test scores will be
impacted. People will become unhappy
because the mental health effects of
being isolated will be profound. We
must be prepared for that. Those poor
experiences are really important to learn
what does and doesn’t work.
We know that the more engaging
learning styles are ones that are more
interactive, and that face-to-face
learning is better than 100 percent
online learning. We also know blended
learning can draw on the best of both
worlds and create a better learning
experience than one hundred percent
face-to-face learning. If, after having
done 100 percent online at the end of
this, I think it’s quite possible that we
can then think about rebalancing the
mix between face-to-face and online.
Teachers will have started to innovate
and experiment with these online tools

Teachers and schools will receive
more respect, appreciation, and
support for their important role in
society.
Quality teaching and learning
materials will be better curated and
more widely used.
Teacher collaboration will grow and
help improve learning.
and may want to continue online
pedagogies as a result of all this. That’s
really exciting.
I think it will be easier to understand
that schools are not just buildings where
students go to learn, and that teachers
are irreplaceable. There is something
magic about that in-person connection,
that bond between teachers and their
students. Having that face-to-face
connection with learners and being able
to support them across their unique
skills that’s very hard to replicate in a
distance learning environment. Also,
many students access critical resources
at school, such as meals, clothing, and
mental health support that may not be
as widely available at home.
Educators are looking to other
educators as well as trusted sources to
help curate high-quality online learning
tools. At National Geographic, we have
curated collections for K-12 learners in
our resource library. We have created a
new landing page that allows educators,
parents, and caregivers to access our
free materials quickly, and inspire young
people. However, it is not just teachers
struggling—it’s parents and other
caregivers who are trying to bring
learning to life. To that end, we are
livestreaming our Explorer Classroom
model that connects young people with
scientists, researchers, educators, and
storytellers. During this transition, we
want students and families to have
access to that larger world, in addition
to their own backyard.
As a profession, I hope we come out
of this crisis stronger by collaborating
and working together. I am a firm
believer in not asking heavily burdened
teachers to reinvent the wheel. At my
company Yes, we have a big resource-
sharing platform for teachers, including
coronavirus-related resources. There
are other platforms too, such as
Teachers Pay Teachers and Khan
Academy, where teachers can see what

This crisis will help us come together
across boundaries.
TEN MAJOR CHALLENGES OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
ON PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS
CHALLENGES
THE CHALLENGE TO TEACH
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PE AND
SPORTS IN VIRTUAL OR MODULAR
LEARNING BECAUSE OF POSSIBLE
ACCIDENT PERFORMING THE
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND
UNAVAILABILITY OF POSSIBLE
SPORTS EQUIPMENT SUCH AS MAT
OR PROTECTIVE GEARS,
BALLS,ETC.
THE POSSIBLE DANGER MIGHT
HAPPEN IF STUDENTS PERFORM
THE TASK WITHOUT THE
PRESENCE OF
INSTRUCTOR/TEACHER BECAUSE
PARENTS DOESN’T KNOW HOW TO
FOLLOW THE TASK CAREFULLY.
others have done. A teacher could say,
“well, rather than record a video with the
instructional element I need, I might be
able to find someone who has done that
really well already.” One of the most
important things teachers can do now is
draw on what others are doing: Form
community online, share the burden,
and make things a bit easier.
We would be remiss if we didn’t take
away a greater sense of empathy for
each other—the idea that we can work
through anything together—from this
crisis. I think it’s an opportunity for the
education sector to unite, forge
connections across countries and
continents, and truly share what works
in a global way. I don’t think, prior to this
crisis, that we’ve been able to do this,
and we will have missed a big
opportunity if we don’t try to do that
now.
THINGS NEEDED TO BE DONE
CAREFUL PLANNING AND
CHOOSING THE PHYSICAL
ACTIVITIES THAT THEY CAN
PERFORM AT HOME USING
ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES THAT
CAN EASILY FOUND AT HOME.
ACTIVITIES CAN BE MODIFIED BUT
SEE TO IT THAT THE OBJECTIVES
OF THE LESSON WILL STILL MET.
THE TEACHER MUST CLEARLY
INCLUDE IN THE MODULE THE
PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY
MEASURES IN DOING CERTAIN
TASKS/ ACTIVITIES AND THE
POSSIBLE ACCIDENT MIGHT OCCUR
IF THE STUENTS WILL NOT FOLLOW
THE DIRECTIONS CAREFULLY. IT IS
VERY IMPORTANT THAT AT HE
VERY FIRST TIME THAT TEACHERS
 AND STUDENTS MUST CLEARLY
UNDERSTOOD THE IMPORTANCE
OF WARM UP.

WHAT WILL BE THE STAND OF THE THERE MUST BE CLEAR

GOVERNMENT/ TEACHER/ SCHOOL
IF THE STUDENTS MIGHT GET
HARM DURING PERFORMING
VIRTUAL EXAM IN THE INDIVIDUAL
PERFORMING OF TASKS.
GUIDELINES REGARDING THIS
MATTER. THE GUIDELINES MUST
INCLUDE THE PROTECTION OF
TEACHER IF ACCIDENT HAPPEN
DURING VIRTUAL ACTIVITIES

ADDITIONAL SPORTS EQUIPMENT GOVERNMENT MUST ALLOT

SUPPLIES FOR PE TEACHERS/ BUDGET REGARDING THIS MATTER.
INSTRUCTORS IF VIRTUAL IF NOT POSSIBLE, THE TEACHER
LEARNING WILL HAPPEN. MUST LOOK FOR ALTERNATIVE
SOLUTION TO HELP THE

FREE MEALS OR FEEDING SINCE NO FEEDING PROGRAM THIS

PROGRAM IN SCHOOL TIME, PARENTS MUST INVOLVE
THEIR CHILDREN IN PLANTING
VEGETABLE IN ORDER FOR THE TO
HAVE NUTRITIOUS MEALS INTIMES
OF ECQ WERE FOOD IS REALLY A
PROBLEM BECAUSE THEIR
PARENTS CAN’T GO BACK TO THEIR
WORK.

2. Philosophical Foundations

WHAT PHILOSOPHY/PHILOSOPHICAL THEORIES IS/ARE MOST RELEVANT

TODAY IN EDUCATION BECAUSE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC?

AXIOLOGY

WHY? (ESSAY 5 TO 10 SENTENCES)

Axiology, which stems from two Grrek words- “Axios” means “value, worth” and
“logos” means “reason/ theory/ symbol / science/study of”. Hence, Axiology is the
philosophical study of value and “value” originally meant the worth of something.

Axiology asks the questions: What is a value? Where do values come from? How
do we justify our values? How do we know what is valuable? What is the
relationship between values and knowledge? What kinds of values exist? Can it
be demonstrated that one value is better than another? Who benefits from
values?

The question of values deals with notions of what a person or a society regards as
good or
preferable.

Axiology has two main branches- ethics and aesthetics. Ethics is the study of
moral values
and conduct. “How should I behave?” is an ethical question. Ethical theory
seeks to provide right values as the foundation for right actions. What is good and
evil, right and wrong?

What should we do in this day of pandemic, what should we do first? Where do we

start? It is that hard to follow the rules today? Should kids go to school despite of
having a world pandemic? Should we risk their lives just to prove we can start
school days? What should we value first? It is worth of something?

WHAT PHILOSOPHY/PHILOSOPHICAL THEORIES IS/ARE MOST RELEVANT

TODAY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS BECAUSE OF THE COVID-
19 PANDEMIC?

KINESIOLOGY

WHY? (ESSAY 5 TO 10 SENTENCES)

Kinesiology is a non-invasive holistic energy therapy. It combines the ancient

principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) with modern muscle monitoring
techniques and uses the body itself as a diagnostic tool to explore the health
status of the client. It is based upon the premise that any problems arising within
the energy system will eventually be reflected in the body.
Kinesiology uses muscle-testing techniques to gain an insight into the areas of
stress and imbalance within the energy system. Applications of kinesiology include
biomechanics and orthopaedics, strength and conditioning, sports psychology,
methods of rehabilitation such as physical and occupational therapy and sport and
exercise.

Uses: Kinesiology aims to restore balance to the whole person through

promoting the self-healing process. There are several modalities of kinesiology
with specific health benefits:

 Educational kinesiology is said to help improve sports performance and

self-development.

 Health kinesiology has been reported to help boost self-confidence and

improve a person’s ability to focus and stay motivated.

 Creative kinesiology works with energy to help people overcome aches,

pains, lack of confidence, fatigue, life frustration and lack of fulfilment or
purpose.

Wellness kinesiology works to combine emotional issues with nutritional and

structural elements. It is thought that combining these factors helps to bring the
mind and body into a state of wellness.
 3. Psychological Foundations

WHAT PHYCHOLOGICAL THEORY OR THEORIES IS/ARE MOST RELEVANT

TO EDUCATION TODAY BECAUSE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC?

Piaget’s Main Tenet Theory of Cognitive Development

WHY? (ESSAY 5 TO 10 SENTENCES)

Jean Piaget viewed children as constructivists, meaning they are active seekers
who respond to the environment according to their understanding of its essential
features. He also believed that intelligence was not random but it was a set of
organized cognitive structures that the child actively constructed, and viewed
intelligence as basic life
function that helps the child to adapt to his environment.

According to Piaget, human beings inherit two essential intellectual functions

which he called organization and adaptation.

1. Organization is inborn and automatic, and it refers to the child’s tendency to

arrange available schemata into coherent systems or body of knowledge.
Children are constantly rearranging their existing knowledge to produce new
and more complex cognitive structures (Gines, et al., 1998).

2. Adaptation is the child’s tendency to adjust to the demands of the

environment. This occurs in two ways:
a. Assimilation is interpreting or understanding environment events in terms
of one’s existing cognitive structures and ways of thinking.

b. Accommodation is changing one’s existing cognitive structures and ways

of thinking to apprehend environment events.

WHAT PHYCHOLOGICAL THEORY OR THEORIES IS/ARE MOST RELEVANT

TO PHYCIAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS TODAY BECAUSE OF THE COVID-
19 PANDEMIC?

Vygotsky’s Socio-Cultural Theory of Cognitive Development

WHY? (ESSAY 5 TO 10 SENTENCES)

Lev S. Vygotsky’s theory emphasizes that social interaction plays a vital role in
cognitive development. His theory basically means that development depends
on
interaction with people and the tools that the culture provides to help form their
own view
of the world (Gallagher , 1999).

These cultural tools can be transmitted to three ways. These are:

1. Imitative Learning- a person tries to imitate or copy another person.

2. Instructed Learning- a person remembers the instructions of the teacher and
then
uses them to self-regulate.
3. Collaborative Learning- a group of person who strive to understand each other
and they work together to learn a specific skills.

He believed that children are born with elementary mental abilities such as
perception, attention and memory. These innate abilities transforms into higher
mental functions as children interact with their culture and society (Meece, 2002).

4. Sociological Foundations

WHAT SOCIAL HOW DOES EACH OF HOW DOES EACH OF

CHANGES OCCURRED THE SOCIAL CHANGES THE SOCIAL CHANGES
BECAUSE OF THE AFFECT EDUCATION AFFECT PHYSICAL
COVID-19 PANDEMIC EDUCATION AND
TO THE FOLLOWING: SPORTS?
(1-2 SENTENCES)

Social Institution; Social institution like Performing Physical

school is greatly affected Activities that should be
because this pandemic guided by the teachers
brought big challenges on because of its complexity
how to deliver quality cannot be measured
learning to the students 100% perfect.
with limited means of
resources.
Social Processes; Social processes can best
perform while interacting
in outside environment
like school. The constant
exchanging of views,
ideas and suggestions
can give each and
everyone a new insight
regarding on a specific
topic. Having Social
conflict is also an
opportunity to bring out
your ability or inner power
to solve and process your
thoughts.
Social Problems;

Leadership; In education during this

pandemic period, one’s
leadership ability can be
tested in an extra
challenging way. There is
no single leadership style
that fits all during this
period. So leaders must
know how to collaborate
more effective to his/her
subordinates during this

Graft and Corruption
Values Education?
Others
5. Anthropological Foundations
WHAT CHANGES IN
MAN OCCURRED
BECAUSE OF THE
COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN
VIEW OF THE
FOLLOWING: (1-2
SENTENCES)
Biological/ Behavioral
Cultural – (It is the
manmade part of the
human environment, it is
a way of life in a specific
group)
new normal. A lot of
patience and hardwork to
come to a best decision
not only for you but for
your students and
subordinates.
Sad to say, the budget Substandard building
that should be allotted to produce for our athletes,
purchasing or procuring and so on their
instructional materials equipment’s bought and
sometimes the their monthly salary has
opportunity for some to been reduced by corrupt
make money for officials.
themselves not realizing
that the learners will
suffer because of their
personal interests..
This Pandemic help us
realize that we can give
more to others than what
we usually do. On the
contrary, there are still
lots of Filipinos that
instead of thinking what
they can do to help the
country, they are the ones
who kept on complaining
what does the country
cannot provide for them…
HOW DOES EACH OF HOW DOES EACH OF
THE CHANGES IN MAN THE CHANGES IN MAN
AFFECT EDUCATION? AFFECT PHYSICAL
EDUCATION AND
SPORTS?
It depends upon which
area is affected, people
living in NCR having a
hard time following rules
and regulation it does
have an impact on the
society which they are
living. In our Province
 Aurora, we have zero
case and still we follower
the rule which keeping us
safe and sound unlike in
different areas which had
a covid-19 case, more
likely to outside and not
following the rule.

Religious – Less than a There is always an argue

hundred year ago, on religion and it always
scholars discuss with affect how man views the
interest such question as world. Even in this day of
how men could have pandemic some religious
come to conceive gods group do not want to help
whether there might be those who are not in their
tribes so primitive as to religious group it does not
have no religion, and how makes no sense you are
far the faith and reading bible, you are
superstition of savages going church every
could properly be related Sunday but still they are
to the great universal lacking to help who are in
religions. needed.

Geographical – is an What should we do in this

interdisciplinary program day of pandemic despite
that emphasizes the the different interest by
integration of the two each city/provinces. Like
disciplines and the Manila trying to get in
common interests in GCQ even though they
examining the relationship have so many cases
between human which we needed to look
populations and their into. Maybe it does have
natural and built a good intention but some
environments. may think it may not be
good idea. On the other
hand, transporting goods
to different places may be
the new source of the
covid-19 outbreak again.

Artistic

Linguistic – Without Language is our bridge of

language, culture among communication, although
men would be wholly it is clear to us which our
impossible. The human government wanted us to
being learned his do, we still don’t follow it
language just as he even it is the best for us
learned his culture; man and it really affect the way
is not born with a we live today
language. Language is
distinctly human system
of behavior based on oral
symbols. It is a special
system of communication
that is specifically oral
and symbolic and it is
learned.
Values – Graeber
defines value as the
importance of social
action through which
people demonstrate their
belief in what is the good
life. The early chapters
provide a comprehensive
overview of three
discourses about value in
anthropology: the
linguistic, the political
economic, and the
cultural.
Tools/Technology – The
prehistoric age of man
are identified by his lithic
technology. Tools are
devices for transforming
or storing energy. When
we speak of technologies
of people, we are
referring to manmade
elements in culture that
have a physical existence
of their own.
What action should be
done today? What should
be the government value
in this day of pandemic? It
should be the farmers that
keeping us alive until
today producing us food
in our daily life, next
should be the transports
system that should given
a value which is really
needed so that the one
that the farmers produce
will get to the place which
is really badly needed.
Aside from farmers, and
transportation we should
really focusing on giving
assistance to those are in
needed like senior citizen
and those who lost their
job because of the
pandemic, they are still
our people who we
needed to help.
In todays pandemic, Tools or Technologies
tools/technologies we use keeps us doing our daily
it to continue learning routine in our physical day
even we are in our life, like Zumba or our
houses, but not everyone daily workout routine, by
have an access to it. So, watching or listening to
it does also have an the sound which it
impact to those who wave produce.
and to those who doesn’t
have. Although DepEd
still pushing on opening
classes despite of lacking
of this said technologies.
6. Legal Foundations
 WHAT LAWS ON WHAT NEW LAWS OR WHAT NEW LAWS OR
EDUCATION NEED POLICIES IN POLICIES IN PHYSICAL
CHANGES BECAUSE EDUCATION SHOULD EDUCATION AND
OF THE COVID-19 BE CREATED TO SPORTS SHOULD BE
PANDEMIC: RESPOND TO THE CREATED TO RESPOND
(1-2 SENTENCES) PANDEMIC? TO THE PANDEMIC?

Commonwealth Act No. Pandemic Act of the
1 (Amended by R.A. 2020 Constitution
9163) The Education
Response Law Section
In this day Preparatory 1-8
Military Training should
be postpone or readjust Section 1 (The Webinar)
or reimplement during
this day of pandemic The Webinar will be the
new classroom for all the
students, which be the
use of internet with
Cellphones or Laptops
Schools will comply with
all requirements
contained in the Physical
Education and Sport
Procedures and Physical
Education and Sport:
Activity-Specific
Mandatory Guidelines.

Republic Act No. 139 Section 2 (The Modulars) Students in kindergarten

(Repealed by R. A. to year 6 will be provided
8047) The modular are for those with a minimum of 25
students who does not minutes of moderate to
The Board of Textbook have an access to both vigorous physical activity
should approve and internet/cellphones/ per day as part of planned
provide modules for the laptops. This will be given physical education and
new learning system by their teachers in sport programs.
during this day of different subjects.
pandemic.
Republic Act No. 1265 Section 3 (The Website Students from year 7 to
(amended by R. A. for All) 10 will be provided with a
8491) minimum of 150 minutes
The website for all will be of moderate to vigorous
Since we students do not the new system for physical activity per week
need to go to school, are enrollments and other as part of planned
we still going to things. Since the student physical education and
implement the flag raising are not allowed to go to sport programs.
ceremony? If yes, how? school, this will be the
fastest way to do so.

Section 4 (The Payment Schools will make

Website) reasonable adjustments
to provide all students the
The payment website will opportunity to access and
be receiving all the participate in physical
payments from various education.
colleges, high school and
grade school. So that we
can maintain and be
connected with
information with the
 website for all.
Section 5 (The Health
Care Website)
The health care website,
will be doing all the
checking of the students
through online. They will
also the one who will
provide the vitamins
which the students needs
for their daily life.
Section 6 (The Delivery
Team)
The response team will
be doing the deliveries of
modules and vitamins for
all the students who are
enrolled.
Section 7 (The
Collecting Team)
The collecting team will
be doing the collection of
all the modules which the
students finish. After
collecting, modules which
are finish are delivered to
specific teachers by their
subject.
Section 8 (The Student-
Information System)
The student information
system will be the one
that contains the entire
grade, which the students
can view through website.
7. Current Problems and Issues in the Philippines’ Physical Education and
Sports
IDENTIFY AT LEAST WHAT NEW
TEN CURRENT STRATEGIES IN
Principals will ensure
physical education and
sport events are
supervised by an
individual with appropriate
qualifications and suitable
experience to manage the
activity.
Students participating in
sport events outside of
school grounds must
have informed consent
and current medical
information from a
parent/carer
Teachers planning to
conduct any activities not
listed as approved
physical education or
sport activities must
submit a proposal to the
Learning and Teaching
Branch for consideration
to be included as an
approved activity. The
Directorate will notify
schools of additional
approved activities.
Physical education and
sport activities play an
important role in
enhancing students’
health and fitness,
support curriculum
delivery and contribute to
a positive school culture.
WHAT NEW
STRATEGIES IN
PROBLEMS CREATED EDUCATION SHOULD PHYSICAL EDUCATION
BY THE COVID-19 BE CREATED TO AND SPORTS SHOULD
PANDEMIC: RESPOND TO THE BE CREATED TO
(1-2 SENTENCES) PANDEMIC? RESPOND TO THE
PANDEMIC??
The Vulnerability of Establish a task force or Create a website to
Conflict-affected steering committee communicate with
Populations that will have teachers, students and
responsibility to develop parents about curriculum
The populations of and implement goals,
conflict-affected countries the education response to strategies and suggested
whether those in war or the COVID-19 Pandemic. activities and additional
suffering its after effects To the extent possible resources.
are likely to be especially ensure those in the task
vulnerable to outbreaks force
of disease. In many represent different
cases, war or prolonged constituents in the
unrest, especially when education
compounded by system or school network
mismanagement, and bring important and
corruption or foreign diverse perspectives to
sanctions have left inform their work, for
national health systems example
profoundly ill prepared for various departments
COVID-19. curriculum, teacher
education,
information technology,
teacher representatives,
parent
representatives, students,
representatives of
industry
when relevant.

Risks to Social Order Develop a schedule and If an online education

COVID-19 could place
great stress on societies
and political systems,
creating the potential for
new outbreaks of
violence. In the short
term, the threat of
disease is likely acting as
a deterrent to popular
unrest, as protesters
avoid large gatherings.
means of frequent strategy is not feasible,
and regular develop alternative
communication among means of delivery, they
task force could
members, during the include TV programs, if a
period when social partnership with television
distancing will stations is feasible,
be in effect. podcasts, radio
broadcasts, and
learning packets either in
digital form or on paper.
Explore partnerships with
community organizations
and the private sector to
deliver those

Political Exploitation of Define the principles Ensure adequate

the Crisis which will guide the support for the most
strategy. For example: vulnerable students and
Against this background protecting the health of families during the
of social pressures, there students implementation of the
is ample room for political and staff, ensuring alternative education plan.
leaders to try to exploit academic learning and
COVID-19, either to providing
solidify power at home or emotional support to
pursue their interests students and faculty.
abroad. In the short term, These
many governments seem principles will provide
confused by the speed, focus for the initiatives to
reach and danger of the be
outbreak and, in some undertaken and will help
cases, the disease has prioritize time and other
infected political elites. limited resources.

Opportunities to Be Establish mechanisms Enhance the

Seized of coordination with communication and
public health authorities collaboration among
While the warning signs so that education actions students to foster mutual
associated with COVID- are in synch and help learning
19 are significant, there advance public health and well-being.
are also glimmers of goals
hope. The scale of the and strategies, for
outbreak creates room for example, educating
humanitarian gestures students,
between rivals. parents, teachers and
staff on the necessity for
social
distancing.

Potential Crisis Re-prioritize curriculum Create a mechanism of

Mitigation Measures goals given the reality just in time
that the mechanisms of professional development
Looking ahead, delivery are disruptive. for teachers and for
governments will have to Define parents
decide whether to what should be learned to be able to support
support more cooperative during the period of social learners in the new
approaches to handling distancing modality
the crisis, not only in of instruction. Create
global public health terms modalities that foster
but also as a political and teacher
security challenge. All collaboration and
leaders face pressure to professional communities
focus on and spend and that
money and political increase teacher
capital on domestic autonomy.
priorities, and in particular
to ignore conflict risks in
weak states that may
seem hard to resolve or
simply not important
enough to worry about.
But there will be a day
after, and if the coming
period is not dealt with
wisely, it could be marked
by major disruptions in
already conflict-ridden
areas, the eruption of
new violence and a far
more fragile multilateral
system. In addition to
following the negative
and positive trends noted
above, Crisis Group will
also be watching to see if
states and multilateral
institutions take
preventive and mitigating
measures to limit the
pandemic’s impact on
peace and security.

Identify the feasibility of As needed, revise

pursing options to
recover learning time
once the social distancing
period
is over, for example, an
intensive review period
during
the break prior to the start
of the new academic
year.
regulatory framework in
ways that make online
education and other
modalities
feasible, and in ways that
support teacher autonomy
and collaboration. This
includes providing school
day
credit for days taught in
alternative education
plans.

Identify means of Each school should

education delivery. develop a plan for
When continuity of
feasible, those should operations. As a way to
include online learning, as support them,
it provides the greatest education authorities can
versatility and opportunity provide curated examples
for interaction. If not all of
students have devices plans in other schools
and
connectivity, look for ways
to provide them to those
students. Explore
partnerships with the
private sector
 and the community in
securing the resources to
provide
those devices and
connectivity.

Clearly define roles and When the school

expectations for provides other social
teachers to effectively services, such as mental
steer and support health supports, develop
students’ alternative forms of
learning in the new provision.
situation, through direct
instruction
where possible or
guidance for self-directed
learning.

8. APPLICATION TO PANDEMIC AFFECTED EDUCATION

PHILOSOPHY: HUMANISM

(Is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human
beings, individually and collectively. It views humans as solely responsible for the
promotion and development of individuals and emphasizes a concern for man
in relation to the world.)

VISION:

A world that champions humanism through common sense, reason, and logic.

MISSION:

 To effectively promote secular humanism.

 Along with allies in the international world, awaken the Filipino people to
share and practice the same vision – that only people can help other
people, that only humanity can save humanity.
 To focus on ensuring church-state separation and ending religious privilege
in the Philippines.
 Will work in harmony with any institution (religious or nonreligious) for the
betterment of humanity
 To stand and fight through peaceful discussion and dialogue for equal rights
for all human beings, not restricted by religious or political doctrine or
dogma.
 To help those in need, regardless of religion, non-belief, or political ideology.
 To promote science, logic, and empathy as guiding lights towards
humanity’s morality and evolution.
 To openly question and expose the inequalities of religious and political
ideology that continue to needlessly divide mankind in the process of
abolishing them to unite all in one common family of
 humanity.

CORE-VALUES:

Is an approach to life based on reason and our common humanity, recognising that
moral values are properly founded on human nature and experience alone. While
atheism is merely the absence of belief, humanism is a positive attitude to the
world, centred on human experience, thought, and hopes.

Goals of Education:

1. Promote positive self-direction and independence (development of the

regulatory system)
2. Develop the ability to take responsibility for what is learned (regulatory
and affective systems)
3. Develop creativity (divergent thinking aspect of cognition)
4. Curiosity (exploratory behavior, a function of imbalance or dissonance in
any of the systems) &
An interest in the arts (primarily to develop the affect/emotional system)

Objectives of Education:

Humanistic education is an approach to education based on the work of

humanistic psychologists, most notably Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, and
Rudolf Steiner.

 The approach seeks to engage the whole person: the intellect, feeling life,
social capacities, artistic and practical skills are all important focuses for
growth and development.
 Developing children's self-esteem
 Ability to set and achieve appropriate goals
 Development toward full autonomy

Curriculum:

Is based on the belief that the education that is good for a person is also best for
the well being of the nation. Here, the individual learner is not regarded as a
passive or at least easily managed recipient of input. She/he is the choosing or
self-selecting organism.
 Relation to man to nature
 Relation to man to himself
 Relation to man to other man

Role of the Learner:

Role of the Learner

 :Learning is student centered and individualized for each student
 The main goal for students is to become self-actualized
 Student are further motivated and able to learn according to specific
needs through the use of technology.
Role of the Teacher
 Teacher acts as facilitator of learning.
 Enables and encourage students
 Enables learning through technology with new and innovative ways to
teach.
Motivates students and focuses on students in the classroom

Temperament

Temperament – a person’s or animal’s nature, especially as it permanently affects

their behavior.
Humanistic Approaches: Abraham Maslow
Humanistic Psychology
Emphasize personal growth, resilience, and the achievement of human potential.
Self-Actualization
Striving for a life that is meaningful, challenging, and satisfying emotional of
becoming human.

Personality

Humanistic Theory of Personality

 They do not believe in determinism (your actions are dictated by your past)
 They believe that humans have free will (our ability to choose your own
destiny)
 We are innately good as long as our self-esteem and self-concept are
positive we will be happy.
 It focuses on our inner capabilities for growth and self-fulfillment.

Learning Process

 They emphasize the “natural desire” of everyone to learn. Whether this

natural desire is to learn whatever it is you are teaching, however it is not
clear.
 It follows from this, they maintain, that learners need to be empowered and
to have control over the learning process.
So the teacher relinquishes a great deal of authority and becomes a facilitator.

Motivation:

 Humanistic interpretations of motivation emphasize such as intrinsic

sources of motivation as a person’s needs for self-actualization”
 People are continually motivated by the inborn need to fulfill their potential.
 To motivate students means to encourage their inner sources – their sense
of competence, self-esteem, autonomy and self-actualization.

Discipline and Guidance

It emphasize on the individual to instill a sense of responsibility within that

individual. It is recognizing and accepting the whole student.
Teacher and Policy Maker

This should be the motivation for growth and learning which implicit in every
individual. The task of policy makers and decisions maker is to create the
organizational environment and its activities in such a way that people can achieve
their own goals by pursuing towards the collectively defined ends of the institution.

References

Gallardo, R., 2020. Psychological Foundation Of Education. p.7.

Gallardo, R., 2020. Psychological Foundations Of Education. pp.3-4.

Dash, N., 2015. Philosophical Foundation Of Education. 1st ed.

BHUBANESWAR-751 007: Jigun Graphics Badambadi, Cuttack-1, p.13.

Kinesiology. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2020, from
https://www.schoolofhealth.com/be-better/natural-health-definitions/kinesiology/

Diaz, S. (2016, August 20). Anthropological Foundations of Education.

Retrieved June 2, 2020, from
https://www.slideshare.net/iamsergz/anthropological-foundations-of-education-
65188377

Value. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2020, from

https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199766567/
obo-9780199766567-0138.xml#:~:text=Graeber defines value as the,political
economic, and the cultural.

University of Southern Maine. (n.d.). Retrieved June 2, 2020, from

https://usm.maine.edu/geography-anthropology#:~:text=Geography-
Anthropology is an interdisciplinary,their natural and built environments.

Glavin, C. (2014, February 06). Humanistic Education. Retrieved June 04, 2020,
from https://www.k12academics.com/alternative-education/humanistic-
education

Llego, M., Lynn, D., Bongado, L., Selisana, M., Diendo-Pecaoco, S., Arana-
Cajustin, A., & Antimony. (2019, March 26). Legal Bases of Philippine
Educational System. Retrieved June 04, 2020, from
https://www.teacherph.com/legal-bases-of-philippine-educational-system/

Reimers, F., 2020. A Framework To Guide An Education Response To The

COVID-19 Pandemic Of 2020. pp.5-6.

Corporate=ACT Education Directorate. (n.d.). Physical Education and Sport

Policy. Retrieved June 04, 2020, from
https://www.education.act.gov.au/publications_and_policies/School-and-
Corporate-Policies/school-activities/physical-education,-sport-and-outdoor-
 activities/physical-education-and-sport-policy

Winthrop, R. (2020, April 10). Top 10 risks and opportunities for education in the face of
COVID-19. Retrieved June 06, 2020, from
https://www.brookings.edu/blog/education-plus-development/2020/04/10/top-10-
risks-and-opportunities-for-education-in-the-face-of-covid-19/

This my YouTube Channel About a Useful Information about the COVID-19

Pandemic
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCy-Gdx111iYP5jB_olEfL4Q?view_as=subscriber

(Members)
Kim Passion
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