EXP I Winter Term 2021/2022

Useful Knowledge


+1 if (ijk) is (123) or (312) or (231)
 (
ϵijk = −1 if (ijk) is (321) or (132) or (213) +1 if i = j
 δij =

0 if i = j or j = k or k = i 0 ̸ i
if i =

1. Vectors
      q √
ax bx ax + bx ˆ |⃗a| = a2x + a2y + a2z = ⃗a⃗a
ˆ ay  + by  = ay + by 
az bz az + bz
       
λax 1 0 0
ˆ λ⃗a = λay  ˆ e⃗x = 0 , e⃗y = 1 , e⃗z = 0
λaz 0 0 1

The skalar product:

ˆ ⃗a⃗b = ai bi = ax bx + ay by + az bz = |⃗a||⃗b|cos (α)

P

ˆ ⃗a ⊥ ⃗b : ⃗a⃗b = 0

ˆ ⃗a⃗b = ⃗b⃗a

ˆ ⃗a(⃗b + ⃗c) = ⃗a⃗b + ⃗a⃗c

ˆ ⃗a(⃗b⃗c) = (⃗a⃗b)⃗c

The vector product:

 
ay bz − by az ˆ ⃗a × ⃗b = −⃗b × ⃗a
ˆ ⃗a × ⃗b =
P
ai bj ϵijk e⃗k = az bx − bz ax 
ax by − ay bx ˆ ⃗a × (⃗b + ⃗c) = ⃗a × ⃗b + ⃗a × ⃗c

ˆ |⃗a × ⃗b| = |⃗a||⃗b| sin (α) ˆ ⃗a × (⃗b × ⃗c) ̸= (⃗a × ⃗b) × ⃗c

ˆ direction of ⃗c with right-hand-rule ˆ ⃗a × (⃗b × ⃗c) = ⃗b(⃗a⃗c) − ⃗c(⃗a⃗b)

ˆ e⃗i × e⃗j = ϵijk e⃗k ˆ λ(⃗a × ⃗b) = (λ⃗a) × ⃗b = ⃗a × (λ⃗b)

ˆ ⃗a||⃗b : ⃗a × ⃗b = 0 ˆ ⃗a(⃗b × ⃗c) = (⃗a × ⃗b)⃗c

Lecturer: R.Seidel Teaching Assistants: M.Göse, P.Irmisch, D.Kauert

EXP I Winter Term 2021/2022

2. Derivatives
δf (x) δ 2 f (x) δ2
Notations: δx = δ
δx f (x) = f˙(x) = f ′ (x), δx2 = δx2 f (x) = f¨(x) = f ′′ (x), . . .

Name of the rule Function Derivative

c 0
Power xn n · xn−1
Constant c · g(x) c · g ′ (x)
Sum g(x) + h(x) g ′ (x) + h′ (x)
Product g(x) · h(x) g ′ (x) · h(x) + g(x) · h′ (x)
g(x) g ′ (x)·h(x)−g(x)·h′ (x)
Quotient h(x) [h(x)]2
′ ′
Chain g(h(x)) g (h(x)) · h (x)

3. Integrals
Rb
f (x)dx = F (x) + c ⇒ F ′ (x) = f (x), f (x)dx = F (x)|ba = [F (x)]ba = F (b) − F (a)
R
Notations: a

Name of the rule Function Integral

Multiplication by constant c c·x
1
Power xn n+1 xn+1
R
Product c · g(x) c · g(x)dx
R R
Sum g(x) + h(x) g(x)dx + h(x)dx
g ′ (x) · h(x) g(x) · h(x) − g(x) · h′ (x)dx
R
Integration by Parts
g(h(u)) · h′ (u)du
R
Substitution g(x)
g ′ (x)
g(x) ln (g(x))

4. Exercises
Derivatives: Calculate the derivative with respect to x of these functions:

1
(a) f (x) = 5x2 + 3bx − 237 (d) f (x) = ( √ )3.5 (g) f (x) = ln (ln (x))
tan(x)
2
(b) f (x) = esin(x ) (e) f (x) = x2 −1
x2 +1
√ (h) f (x) = sin (2x) cos (3x)
5x2 +3
(c) f (x) = 19x−c (f) f (x) = cos ( x)

Integrals: Calculate the following integrals:

(1 + 2x + 3x2 )dx ( x+1

R R R
(a) (c) x )dx (e) (sin (x) cos (x))dx
√
(ex 1 + ex )dx
R R R
(b) (5cos (x))dx (d) (ln (x))dx (f)

Lecturer: R.Seidel Teaching Assistants: M.Göse, P.Irmisch, D.Kauert