UNIDADES TECNOLÓGICAS DE SANTANDER---BARRANCABERMEJA

TENSES:

1. SIMPLE PRESENT USING TO- BE

AFF: Subj+ TO-BE (am-is- are) + compl = They are here- she is pretty-John is a teacher-I am a good student.

NEG: Write “NOT” after BE (amnot- isn’t- aren’t) They aren’t here. John isn’t a teacher. I amnot a good student.

INT: BE+ subj + compl +? Are they here? – Is she pretty?- Is John a teacher?- Are John and Alex good students?

2. SIMPLE PAST USING TO – BE (WAS= I, she, he, it ). He was a teacher. (WERE= You, we, they)
They were good students. She wasn’t there. Were you in that office? (wasn’t—weren’t)

3.SIMPLE PRESENT- ES SS-SH-CH-O-X-Y-Z / SING. THIRD PERSON. DOES: SHE-HE- IT

AFF: Subj+ Verb (S-ES) + compl NEG: Subj+do/does+NOT+V+C INT: Do/ Does+S+V+C+?

-They write in English They don’t write… Do they write…?

-She needs money She doesn’t need… Does she need…?

-Alex goes to the church Alex doesn’t go… Does Alex go…?

-They play very well They don’t play… Do they play…?

- He studies in Bogotá He doesn’t study… Does he study…?

4. SIMPLE PAST. REGULAR VERB: -d, -ed. IRREG V: They have their own form; second column in a list of verbs.

AFF: Subj+ Verb(past)+ C NEG: Subjt+did+NOT+V+C INT: Did+S+V+C+?

-They lived over there They didn’t live… Did they live…?

-You bought the bike You didn’t buy… Did you buy…?

5/6. PRESENT- PAST PROGRESSIVE. BE present(am-are-is) BE past (was-were)

AFF: Subj+ BE+V-ing+C NEG: S+BE+NOT+V-ing+C INT:BE+ S+V-ing+C+?

-They are working here They aren’t working… Are they working…?

-She was reading a book She wasn’t reading… Was she reading…?

7/8.PRESENT- PAST PERFECT. TO-HAVE= HABER. Present=HAVE- HAS(she,he,it)------------(Past=HAD)

AFF: Subj+TO HAVE+Main NEG: S+TO-HAVE+NOT+mvpp+C INT:TO-HAVE+S+mvpp+C+?

Verb in Past Participle+ C

-She has prepared the class She hasn’t prepared… Has she prepared…?

-They had brought the ball They hadn’t brought… Had they brought…?

9. SIMPLE FUTURE= I’LL= I will-- WON’T = WILL+NOT (SHALL: I--WE)

AFF: Subj+will+V+C NEG: S+will+NOT+V+C INT: Will+S+V+C+?

-They will travel next week They won’t travel… Will they travel…?

- She will sell her moto She won’t sell… Will she sell…?

10. NEXT FUTURE= GONNA= GOING TO

AFF: S+BE+GOING TO+V+C NEG: S+BE+NOT+GOING TO+V+C INT: BE+S+GOING TO+V+C+?

-Alex is going to copy… Alex isn’t going to copy… Is Alex going to copy…?

-We are going to swim… We aren’t going to swim… Are we going to swim…?

11. MODAL TENSES. They use modal verbs, these words are considered auxiliary and defective verbs.

AFF: S+Modal V+Main V+ C NEG: S+Modal V+Main V+C INT: Modal V+S+Main V+C+?

-We can run faster We can’t run… Can We run…?

- He could practice with them. He couldn’t practice… Could he practice…?

MODAL VERBS: CAN--COULD--WILL--WOULD--SHALL--SHOULD--MAY—MIGHT--MUST--HAVE TO--OUGHT TO--BE ABLE TO.

STRUCTURES: AFF: S+Modal V+ Main V + C #

NEG:Write Not after Modal V ### INT: Modal V+ S+ Main V+C+?

GRAMMAR FUNCTION OF THE WORDS ROGER MAYORGA NORIEGA (English Teacher)