Personal Portfolio

COURSE REQUIREMENT IN
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT

Summer Class 2022

Lovely Eileen O. Pacatan

 Cagayan State University - Apparri Campus

Curriculum Development
COURSE REQUIREMENT IN
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT

EDNA P. MALABAG, PhD

PUBLIC SCHOOLS DISTRICT SUPERVISOR/ SUBJECT TEACHER

LOVELY EILEEN O. PACATAN, LPT

MAED STUDENT
Sy 2022-2023
 Acknowledgement

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude

to the people who are with me during the
completion of this portfolio. To our mentor,
thank you for imparting your knowledge for
me to become a better teacher in the future.
Thank you to our Almighty God, for the
wisdom, courage and strength that he gave to
me without him I didn't surpassed the
challenges that I faced. His guidance leads me
to step outside of my comfort zone.
 CONTENTS
Topics documentation

Personal opinions and explainations

from gathered ideas and lessons

Reflection Paper

Action Research Proposal

Final Exam

Proofs of attendance
Overview of Curriculum
Educational Materials
About Teaching
Alternative Delivery
Modes
What is curriculum?

A curriculum is a set of standards and principles that are

orderedly organized as a syllabus for the teaching and learning
process. For example, the standard and competence-based K-
12 curriculum aims to comprehensively develop and equip
learners with knowledge and skills. In order to achieve the
desired outcomes, curriculum implementers must provide
learners with learning experiences guided by the specified
curriculum standards.

How you can now create your own successful curriculum?

There are several factors the we need to consider when we

create curriculum. First, we need to identify the needs of
learners. We need to determine our goals and expectations. The
succes of the curriculum can only be measured by the extent of
learning that the learners have achieved.
From the different types of curriculum we had discussed
choose atleast 2 and explain.

Taught curriculum is an actual teaching and learning activities

taking place in schools through interaction between learners
and teachers as well as among learners.This is how intended
curriculum is translated into practice and actually delivered.
By this curriculum we can apply different learning style and we
can able to touch the heart of our learners by sharing life lesson.

Supported curriculum is a curriculum supported by available

resources and learning experiences found in and outside a
classroom. As a teacher we need to be resourceful in order for
us to teach effectively. The resources , strategies and practices
that provides physical, social , emotional and intellectual
supports intended to enable all learners to have and equal
opportunity for success at school by addressing barriers to and
promoting engagement in learning and teaching.
Why is curriculum is important ?

Curriculum is important because it provides essential knowledgee and

it serves as a guidance to a teacher. It helps the teacher to experience
a set of learning experience.

If you would become a curriculum developer could you implement

strong curriculum effectively?

To implement a curriculum effectively , I must understand how to use

it responsively , intentionally and with fidelity. I have steps in
implementing curriculum and this is the following;

1.Identify the learning objectives.

2. Know the needs of the learners.
3. Gather valid and reliable sources
4. Communicate the stakeholders.
5. Monitor the learning progress of learners.
What issues have you observed or encountered in
implementing the curriculum ?

Due to Covid-19 , education issues in the Philippines have

increased and recieved new challenges. With the sudden events
brought about by the health crisis, so distance learning modes
via the internet or TV broadcast were ordered. Some learners
are not capable to acces computers and other digital tools at
home to make their blended learning worthwile. And our
internet connection is not that good. There are more several
issues in implementing curriculum. One is lack of support from
local to our resources of learning materials in teaching
especially now a days due to covid our materials in teaching is
limited.

Why is it important to address the identified learning gaps ?

It is essential to know how to address the identified learning

gaps. Because if left unaddressed it can increase the chances
that a learners will struggle academically. So we must
encourage students to talk about their concerns and struggles.
What have you learned about yourself , about your teaching, and about
teaching?

For me, through the experience I have had in the classroom during my
teaching in private school. I have learned that I expect a lot from my
students. I have a very positive outlook for my students. I show them
that each of them are capable of achieving great things in life and that
they have the ability to do it. And as a teacher should act gracefully
since yourself is the first instructional materials in the classroom
especially elementary learners they are good immitators.

8. With your specialization as a teacher. What are the factors to

consider when selecting teaching - learning materials ? Why?

In my insights , since I am Elementary teacher the factors that I must

consider when selecting teaching- learning materials it must be;

● suitable for the teaching objectives

● Appropriate size and attractive
● Instructional rigor and student engagement
● Instructional relevance and content
● Clear delivery / communication
● Conducive and well ventilated learning environment
What curriculum competencies and performance standards are
evaluated?

The curriculum competencies and performance standards are evaluated

is the Compentecy Standards in Student Assesment for Educational
Administrator.

How often does the school evaluated curriculum?

It is evaluated as needed or whenever there is a need for a change of

curriculum if it does not fit to the students learning.

What decisions and actions are made after getting results of the
curriculum evaluation?

Curriculum development is a decision -making process. Why? Because

curriculum is an ongoing process. As the needs of learners change , as
society changes , and as new knowledge and technology appear, the
curriculum must change.
What are the benefits and possible pitfalls of having an official
curriculum prescribed to all schools?

Curriculum is essential it serves as a guidance to a teacher to give the

quality of education. To give a set of learning experiences. Having an
official curriculum prescribed to all schools the benefit of it , is that all
school have the same vission and mission to achieve. While the possible
pitfalls of it is that the possible of having chaos meeting the expected
objectives and the needs of learners. It is necessary to evaluate the
curriculum thoroughly to determines whether the adopted curriculum
is producing the intended results and meeting the expected objectives.
It also helps to decide whether to accept , change or eliminate various
aspects of a curriculum. The evaluator must gather data that will help
in identifying areas in need of improvement.
Reflection Paper
 MY REFLECTION PAPER

Any building wether a residential , school ,

condominium , office , commercial has a framework / foundation
to be used in order to be strong – lasting hold , wherein a family ,
administration and staff , office workers dwells in continuously for
several years / decades for existence , happily and contented for the
common good.

Similarly with the school , undertakes several curricula

for its usefulness , developments functional , integrity to the school
herself with safety / accuracy lasting years manipulated by ever-
courageous , ever – concerned , ever – protective , ever – lasting
personals and mentors.

The school encompasses designated workers ranging

from Director , President , Deans of the different departments ,
Teaching staff , Office staff and Janitorial staff to man the
institution with all the necessary tools like computers / other
gadgets wherein mentors undertake teaching , following certain
curriculum / curricula he/ she wishes to include fit on effective
teaching- learning situation. All the personals with the highest
education ; masteral / doctoral can easily do on this endeavor. They
attend seminars , symposium/ convention, workshop and
observation of classes to update their intellectual capacity to tackle
task and this being grasp by the learners themselves.
 In reciprocity the school must do her part to give awards ,
promotions , salary increase individually , to the personel’s worthy –
awarding . So , there is good relationship and smooth - working
relationship among the personel’s from top – bottom.

Discussion and Presentation

In an institution evolves the learning design models which

the diligent , taskable , mindful and ever – knowledgeable mentors are
following these models day to day, every day to the learners. They see
to it that learning design models match to the students needs , interests
, capability on they look for subject , expounding it thoroughly for the
learners to learn with understanding and next is to empower learners
and allow to shape their education choices. Another one , students
look a situational problem where they themselves would find a
solution to the problem. These are the learner-centered Design Model
, Subject - centered Design Model and Problem – centered Design
Model.

In the Subject – centered design model the teachers must look upon a
certain subject to teach. The subject matter revolves around a
particular subject which may focus on Mathematics / Biology. So ,
teachers prepare the needed requirements to her very effective
teachings for the learners comprehension , development and practicum
for the subject on the lesson learned. Furthermore , practice exercises
enhance the knowledge and even go to the mastery level of the lesson
learned. Lots of people say “ Practice makes perfect “ which is basically
an instrument for learning. Retention follows inculcate in their minds.
The thing is teachers must plan : what will be done , who will do it and
what schedule to follow. ( Karen Schweitzer ,updated November 12 ,
2019)

 This curriculum is common in K-12 public schools in states
and local district in United States. Our national government follows
the pattern for education which focus on the fourth year high school
level and another two years for the knowledge on Senior level which
started with specialization of the course you are interested in. At this
level you are aware as what to do in your early years in tertiary
level most especially to respond to the national or international
comparisons where you learn different things specifically its
content and how it would be operated ( Wilson , L.O. ( 1990 ,2004 ,
2006 )
So , in your tertiary level of studies the more struggle
you undergo to pursue your course. So the instruction in this level
is research as assignment to widen the horizon / perspective in the
educational field. Tyler was impressed to Jaba’s devotion to scientific
research and her profound understanding of educational processes
and her research group for possibilities for increasing level of
tolerance between students from different ethmic and cultural
background ( Jaba ,H. Brandy ,E.H. Robinson J.J. 1952 ) . Similarly
, it happens in one of the public schools in our locality of different
races. They differ in their attitudes, so teachers must adjust to . Then
, teacher must be psychologists so as to obtain their sincerity/
effectiveness in the teaching task for development , values- formation
and acquisition of knowledge. Perfectively, teachers undertake the
subject- centered curriculum , then he /she pursuit this curriculum
and very mindful considering students educational background.
 Next , is the Learner- centered Design Model. In contrast , learner-
centered curriculum design takes each individual needs interests and
goals into considerations. In other words, it acknowledges that students
has individual differences and adjust to the student needs. Learner-
centered curriculum design meant to empower learners and allow them
to shape their education through choices (https: www.thoughtco com/
curriculum .design definition 4154176). Instructional plans in a learner-
centered are differentiated , giving students the opportunity to choose
assignments , learning experiences on activities. It is labor intensive on
the part of the teacher to create instructional materials that are conducive
to each student learning needs. Teacher may not have time or may lack
the skills to create the plan. It is a burden on the teachers teaching skill.

Finally , the Problem -centered curriculum design which focus on

teaching students how to look at problems and come up with a solution.
Students are opposed to real life issues , which help them develop skills
that are transferable to the real world ( Taba, 4 ,1932 ). The curriculum
design process the relevance of the curriculum and allow students to be
creative and innovative as they are learning. In order to adapt this
curriculum , teachers must identify the needs of the stakeholders /
students early in the curriculum design process. It is the task of the
teachers to know their particular skills , strengths and weaknesses.

Knowing the strengths and weaknesses of the learners , the

mentors with the students can come up his/ her best solution to the
problem at hand. The principal with his staff will have a deliberation
/open forum to solve the problem early thus you still have the chance to
help the learners to have better achievements.
 As part of the curriculum design , I prefer the Problem –
centered curriculum design which is a form of Student- centered design
because it is real life issues , their experiences , their goals motivated by
teachers, parents , relatives , friends or loved ones . Experimentalism is
easy to do for there is similarity or familiarity of the problem , then come
up a solution with the help of the teacher’s guidance.

CONCLUSIONS

In school college/ university evolves Subject- centered design

model which describes what needs to be studied and how it should be
studied. It is standardized across schools , states and the country as a
whole. Teachers are provided a pre – determined list of things , that they
need to teach to their students along with specific examples of how
these things should be taught. It is found in large college classes in
which teachers focus on particular subject. 1. I then conclude that
SCDM fits only in tertiary level for best result.

Learner- centered design model focuses on the quality of the learning

(Barr & Tagg ,1995 ). It is based on the understanding that each learner
has different characteristics and these characteristics should be
employed elevate both training and learning. 2 I then conclude that
learners must do human- computer inter- action, basically leading for
knowledge by doing. The design of the LCDM requires a paradigm
shift, challenging our beliefs about learning and the role of the
instructor plays in the process ( Habba & Freed , 2000 ). 3. I then
conclude that learners must have full attention during the learning
process in LCDM because if one fails to listen attentively your
challenge in failure. 4 I also conclude that Social Realities need to be in
time with the social and cultural realities of the culture and the times
for students learning needs and interests.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The following are my recommendations ;

In Subject – centered design model it is a must/ need to use because

teacher’s training / seminar was based on this method and that the
intellectual powers of individual learners can develop this approach.
There is a need for improved educational technology such as television,
radio , computers and multi – media resources especially in college, then
high school and elementary levels too. The school must tune in the needs
of time , to learn computer in early times.

Since one to be quality students in LCDM they need to know about

computer as to their philosophical shift to effective learning.
To help students develop flexible knowledge affective problem solving
skills there must have the self directed learning, effective collaborative
skill , intrinsic motivation on the part of the mentors to guide the
student’ s learning.

There is a facilitator in the learning process as tutorial in this design

model.
There must be a paradigm shift from traditional teaching and learning
philosophy which is more often lecture – based.
For LCDM the students need to know computer ( software ) especially
for their research on assignments and similar activities.

.

CITED REFERENCES

Jaba ,H. 1932. The Dynamics of education : a methodology of progressive

educational thought. Doctoral Dissertation

Jaba & Brady , E.H. Robinson G.J. 1952. Intergroup education in public
schools. Washington D.C . American Council on Education

Jaba , H. 1962: Curriculum Development : Theory and practice .

Wilson , L . O. ( 1990 , 2004 , 2006 ) Curriculum Packets Ed 721 & 736

Unpublished

Olivia , P ( 1997 ) The Curriculum : Theoretical Dimension , New York :

Longman
Karen , Schweitzer 2019 : http:ii www thoughtco.com / curriculum –
design
definition 4154176
Action Research
Proposal
Final Examination
 Lovely Eileen O. Pacatan

. FINAL EXAM

1.What are the aims of a school curriculum? What

Lovely
is the Eileen O. Pacatan first step in rethinking a schools
necessary
curriculum ? Discuss its importance.

FINAL EXAM
The aims of a school curriculum is to give the
quality education to the learners. And it is serve as
1.What are the aims of a school curriculum? What is the necessary first
stepa in
guidance to a teacher
rethinking a schools curriculum to experience
? Discuss a set of
its importance.
learning experiences. It is necessary to evaluate
Thetheaims
school curriculum
of a school curriculum is to because it determines
give the quality education to the
whether
learners. And it the
is serveadopted
as a guidance curriculum
to a teacher tois producing
experience a set of
the intended
learning experiences. results andtomeeting
It is necessary evaluate the the expected
school curriculum
because it determines
objectives. whether also
It helps the adopted curriculum
to decide is producing
whether to the
intended ,results
accept changeand meeting the expectedvarious
or eliminate objectives. aspects
It helps alsooftoa
decide whether toEvaluators
curriculum. accept , changegather
or eliminatedatavarious
that willaspects
help of in
a
curriculum. Evaluators gather data that will help in identifying areas that
identifying areas that in need of improvement.

in need of improvement.

2.How curriculum
2.How curriculum developed developed
improves from improves fromin one
one era to another the
era tocontext?
Philippines another in the
Are these Philippines
changes effective as tocontext?
date ? Why Areor Why
these
not? changes effective as to date ? Why or Why
not?

Curriculum
Curriculum development
development is a decision-
is a decision- making process. Why? making
Because
curriculum development
process. Why? Because is an ongoing process. As thedevelopment
curriculum needs of learners
change
is an, ongoing
as society changes , and as new
process. As knowledge
the needs and technology
of learners appear
, the curriculum
changemust , as change or enhance.
society changesThe success of theas
, and curriculum
new can
only be measured by the extent of learning that the learners have achieved.
knowledge and technology appear , the
curriculum must change or enhance. The success
of the curriculum can only be measured by the
extent of learning that the learners have achieved.

 Lovely Eileen O. Pacatan

3.What are the different ADM ? Explain at least FINAL two andEXAM
why it is

essential are
1.What or notthe
and to what isof
aims essential or not and
a school to what extent? What
curriculum?
is the necessary first step in rethinking a schools
• BLENDED LEARNING ? Discuss its importance.

curriculum
• DISTANCE LEARNING
The aims of a school curriculum is to give the
• HOME SCHOOLING
quality education to the learners. And it is serve as
• FACE TO FACE LEARNING
a guidance to a teacher to experience a set of
learning experiences. It is necessary to evaluate
the school
Blended learning curriculum
is a combination of because
face to faceit, online
determines
and modular
whether
learning the
delivery. Nowadopted
a days that wecurriculum
are in the midst of ispandemic
producing , we are
the
still ableintended
to provide theresults
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using this kind delivery mode
of learning. The essential
objectives. about blended
It helps also learning
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whether toface
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access information.
various The disadvantage
aspects about of a
blended learning isEvaluators
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gather data lack of instant
that access to
will help in
the teachers when experiencing difficulties. And lack of general interaction
identifying areas that in need of improvement.

with other students and teacher were the most frequently reported

problems.
2.How curriculum developed improves from one
era to another in the Philippines context? Are
these
Face to changes
Face learning effective aslearning
is the traditional to date ? Why or
environment whereWhythe
learners and the teachers are bothnot?
physically present in the classroom. The
Curriculum
essential development
of using this kind of delivery mode is aofdecision-
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can able to
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Because provides opportunities for active
development
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process. andthe socio-emotional
needs ofdevelopment
learners of
learners .The disadvantage
change , as societyabout face to face learning
changes , and is you
as need
new to exert
more effort , it is costly.
knowledge and technology appear , the
curriculum must change or enhance. The success
of the curriculum can only be measured by the
extent of learning that the learners have achieved.

 Lovely Eileen O. Pacatan

4. At your present level of governance , what issues FINAL EXAM

on curriculum
development
1.What arehadthe youaims
encountered?
of aHow schoolwere you able to address it ?What
curriculum?
isDuring my teaching experienced
the necessary in private
first step school at Marawi,
in rethinking Lanao Del
a schools
Sur. I encountered
curriculum several? issues
Discuss on its
curriculum development while
importance.

implementing. One of the issues is lack of facilities , as we all know

The aims of a school curriculum is to give the
overcrowded classroom cannot provide a good learning environment. I
quality education to the learners. And it is serve as
suggested to my superior to provide one conducive room for better learning
a guidance
environment. Secondto, the
a teacher to experience
curricular innovations is not yeta exist
set in
ofthe
learning
school. experiences.
The management refuse It
to is necessary
embrace to evaluate
the curricular innovations
the they
instead school
handedcurriculum
us old books. It is abecause it determines
burden to a teacher to find a reliable
whether
sources the adopted curriculum is producing
of learning.
the intended results and meeting the expected
objectives. It helps also to decide whether to
accept , change or eliminate various aspects of a
5. What innovative
curriculum. instructional orgather
Evaluators learning materials
data that hadwill
you created
help in ?
Give brief description and rationale about it.
identifying areas that in need of improvement.

I created podcast as my innovative instructional or learning materials. I will

share some information about “ Action word / Verb” through podcast.

2.How curriculum
At the end developed
of the video the learners or viewers improves
are expected to; from one
era to
a. identify another
what is verb in the Philippines context? Are
these
b. give anchanges
example of aneffective
action word as to date ? Why or Why
c. appreciate activities that shows an not?

action word
Curriculum development is a decision- making
process. Why? Because curriculum development
is an ongoing process. As the needs of learners
change , as society changes , and as new
knowledge and technology appear , the
curriculum must change or enhance. The success
of the curriculum can only be measured by the
extent of learning that the learners have achieved.

 Proof of Attendance
Lovely Eileen O. Pacatan

FINAL EXAM

1.What are the aims of a school curriculum? What

is the necessary first step in rethinking a schools
curriculum ? Discuss its importance.

The aims of a school curriculum is to give the

quality education to the learners. And it is serve as
a guidance to a teacher to experience a set of
learning experiences. It is necessary to evaluate
the school curriculum because it determines
whether the adopted curriculum is producing
the intended results and meeting the expected
objectives. It helps also to decide whether to
accept , change or eliminate various aspects of a
curriculum. Evaluators gather data that will help in
identifying areas that in need of improvement.

2.How curriculum developed improves from one

era to another in the Philippines context? Are
these changes effective as to date ? Why or Why
not?

Curriculum development is a decision- making

process. Why? Because curriculum development
is an ongoing process. As the needs of learners
change , as society changes , and as new
knowledge and technology appear , the
curriculum must change or enhance. The success
of the curriculum can only be measured by the
extent of learning that the learners have achieved.

 Proof of Attendance
Lovely Eileen O. Pacatan

FINAL EXAM

1.What are the aims of a school curriculum? What

is the necessary first step in rethinking a schools
curriculum ? Discuss its importance.

The aims of a school curriculum is to give the

quality education to the learners. And it is serve as
a guidance to a teacher to experience a set of
learning experiences. It is necessary to evaluate
the school curriculum because it determines
whether the adopted curriculum is producing
the intended results and meeting the expected
objectives. It helps also to decide whether to
accept , change or eliminate various aspects of a
curriculum. Evaluators gather data that will help in
identifying areas that in need of improvement.

2.How curriculum developed improves from one

era to another in the Philippines context? Are
these changes effective as to date ? Why or Why
not?

Curriculum development is a decision- making

process. Why? Because curriculum development
is an ongoing process. As the needs of learners
change , as society changes , and as new
knowledge and technology appear , the
curriculum must change or enhance. The success
of the curriculum can only be measured by the
extent of learning that the learners have achieved.