Module 2: THE TEACHER AS A KNOWER OF CURRICULUM

LESSON 1: THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM: DEFINITION, NATURE AND SCOPE

A. What is your own definition of a curriculum? Write down your answer in the space provided.

The curriculum is the lessons, subjects, and courses that will be taught in school. It is also the
knowledge and skills that students are expected to learn and meet, including assignments, projects,
and tests that are given to students. The books, text books, presentations, and reading materials used
in a course The curriculum serves as a guide for all educators as to what is essential for teaching and
learning too, so that every student has access to a student's academic experiences.

B. Do you have a traditional view of a curriculum, a progressive view or both? Explain your view
based on your definition.

For me in my personal view of the curriculum it must be both because we should not forget the
traditional way of teaching and also how students learned and passed in traditional way and style of
teaching before. Students before were taught how to think for themselves and students were once
taught to think a question through using logical and reasoning. On the other hand, progressive style of
teaching utilize inside the classroom  and it must be based on the students’ interests. We teachers
(future teachers) must also have themes and objectives, we should also focus on experience-based
learning and much of what students learn is attained through experience-based activities related to a
study that is developmentally appropriate for them and as a return to traditional teaching methods
and curriculum would be the most progressive thing that could happen to public education.

LESSON 2: APPROACHES TO SCHOOL CURRICULUM

A. Choose a book that is being used in elementary, high school or college. Identify the following:
Content, 
Process, Product.

INVENTORY OF THE CURRICULUM CONTENT, PROCESS AND PRODUCT

TITLE OF THE BOOK:

GRADE LEVEL:
SUBJECT AREA USED:
No CONTENT PROCESS PRODUCT/OUTCOME
.
Example: Example: Example:
Type of curriculum in the A. Individual A. List of types of curricula
classrooms research B. Skill in interview and
B. Interview observation
 C. Observation

1
2
3
4
5

B.After learning from this lesson, how would you prepare yourself to become a teacher, using the three
approaches to curriculum? Write on the space below.
I will share my experience as an English teacher online. I also prepared my lessons and teaching style
for my students. How? By preparing the lesson materials that are appropriate for their levels of
learning and comprehension. I also first establish genuine relations with my students in our very first
meeting because, through this, I will know my students' attitudes, motivations, and behaviors and
build their trust too. Second, I understand my student’s cultural background. I have already taught
different nationalities, kids and adults like Chinese, Vietnamese, Malaysian, Russian, Spanish, Italian,
German, and Portuguese. From this experience, I accepted their cultural differences and it can help
me to understand our differences and we can easily adjust to our online classroom environment.
Third, we are trained in Second Language Education techniques and approaches because the
instruction needs to be ongoing and offered in a whole array of learning formats, from short
workshops to online classes and those that stretch over longer periods of time. We must be TEFL or
TESOL certified before we considered as an ESL teacher. Fourth, I must understand the individual
needs of my students. Why? because it helps me to assess my students' language proficiency in terms
of their strengths and weaknesses in vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation. This allows me to help
them learn the language faster and boost their self-confidence. And lastly, I encourage them to apply
all the learning by having a conversation and involvement outside our online classroom. With this, it
can help them to broaden their interests. These can be based on my students’ interests. Maybe they
enjoy the outdoors like sports, music, and art or might be other adventures. Another suggestion is I
asked them to join in a groups like clubs or organization where  they can build on an international
focus, like language clubs and service organizations. For my adult students, I  suggest them to become
active in community like becoming a volunteer. Through this, it can help them towards some larger
purpose and they can also build relevance to their learning and involvement. I apply all the
approaches in the curriculum to online teaching. There is the planning, implementing, and evaluation.
The priority areas the teacher needs to prepare for are the curriculum content, like what is to be
taught in a classroom.

LESSON 3 - CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT: PROCESSES AND MODELS

A. Determine the similarities and differences of the three models of curriculum development
process. 

How are the models similar?

Similar Features Tyler’s Taba’s Saylor and Alexander
Tyler XXXXX
 Taba XXXXX

Saylor and XXXXX

Alexander

Comment:

 
How are the models different?
Similar Features Tyler’s Taba’s Saylor and Alexander
Tyler XXXXX

Taba XXXXX

Saylor and XXXXX

Alexander
 Comment:

B. Describe the model of curriculum development which you understand well. Write in two
paragraphs.

C. What phases of the curriculum process do you find very important as a teacher? Why?

As a teacher (future teacher), for me the very important part of curriculum implementation is that the
teacher should consider carefully the order in which learning targets should be learnt.

Module 2: LESSON 4 - FOUNDATIONS OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT

A. What significant contribution can you recall about this person?
CONTRIBUTION
Lev He suggested that human development results from a dynamic interaction between
Vygotsky individuals and society. Through this interaction, children learn gradually and
continuously from parents and teachers.

Daniel He recognize that emotional intelligence is every bit as important to learning as

Goleman intellectual prowess or IQ. He focuses on EI as a wide range of competencies and skills
that drive leadership performance which consists of five areas which are: Self-
awareness, Self-regulation, Social skill, Empathy & Motivation. 

William He suggested that curricula are purposeful activities which are child centered. He
Kilpatrick introduced this project method where teacher and student plan the activities. 

Hilda Taba She contributed to the theoretical and pedagogical foundations of concepts
development and critical thinking  in social studies curriculum. She also helped lay the
foundation for diverse student population. 

Ralph He was closely associated with curriculum theory and development and educational
Tyler assessment and evaluation. Many consider him to be the "father" of behavioral
objectives, a concept he frequently used in asserting learning to be a process through
which one attains new patterns of behavior. He emphasize the Tyler’s Rationale where
he emphasized the planning phase. 

John He saw learning by doing and development of practical life skills as crucial to children's
Dewey education. He also believes that education is experiencing. Reflective thinking is a means
that unifies curricular elements that are tested by application. 

Abraham He posited a theory of motivation centered on an individual's desire to have certain

Maslow needs met. The famous pyramid depicts how the needs build upon one another and
eventually lead to self-actualization.
Carl He made significant contributions to the field of education with his theory of
Rogers experiential learning. He maintained that all human beings have a natural desire to
learn. He established counseling procedures and methods for facilitating learning. 

Franklin He is the founder of modern curriculum theory. There is a generally supported saying
Bobbit that Bobbitt's theory went through two stages, the first focused on social efficiency with
a mechanical and behavioral approach, and the second a more progressive approach,
caring for the living experience of pupils.

Alvin He wrote the book for future Shock. He demonstrated that knowledge and technology
Toffler are the two powerful determinants in facilitating changes in society. 

B. Identify which among the foundations of curriculum, has influenced what you have learned in
school as a college student?

I am a psychology graduate and I do believe that it influences all courses and they have a foundation.
As far as I remember and based on my understanding, psychology has played a huge role in
curriculum development. In particular, the study of cognitive development has helped guide
curriculum development for some time. And as a matter of fact, some influential psychologists, like
Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky, have helped educators to understand what children are capable of
learning at different ages. Being a psychology graduate, I also applied the learning style that I learned
from my previous school. I also learned that psychology provides information about the teaching and
learning process. In addition, psychology seeks answers to how a curriculum will be organized to
achieve students' learning at the optimum level and what amount of information they can absorb in
learning the various contents of the curriculum.

C. How will the thinking of Abraham Maslow influence your teaching practice in the future?
The thinking of Abraham Maslow’s influence my teaching practice being an esl teacher and as a future
teacher is by motivating myself, as it is connected to Maslow's Hierarchy. It provide me as a reminder
and framework that my  students are less likely to perform at their full potential if their basic needs
are unmet. At times it can be confusing to apply theory into the practical realities of a classroom.
Academic success requires student motivation. To achieve academically, students' basic human needs
must be met at all levels of Maslow's   hierarchy. Every step as an educator makes me toward to
contribute to those fundamental needs will enhancemy students' capacity for learning and
achievement in the classroom  On   the   other   hand,   this   self-esteem,   sense   of   belonging,  
safety,   and physiological demands that me as a future teacher must address in the classroom to
boost my pupils' ability to study and succeed in their future.