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Plagiarism Report #929018

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Markup Text
EE5303- MICROWAVE ELECTRONICS PART 1 MINIPROJECT REPORT TOPIC: BANDPASS FILTER DESIGN
NAME: SATHICK BATCHA THABASUM AARA MATRICUATION NUMBER: A0259923R Software Used:
Agilent ADS 2011 2 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Design Specification 15 Table 2 Parameter values of
Equal ripple response filter 15 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Bandpass filter 5 Figure 2 Attenuation
characteristic vs. frequency 6 Figure 3 Group delay characteristics vs. frequency 6 Figure 4 Coupled
line filter 8 Figure 5 Coupled line filter equivalent circuit 8 Figure 6 Coupled line filter- Image
response 9 Figure 7 2-port coupled lines with band pass response 11 Figure 8 Equivalent circuit of
coupled lines 11 Figure 9 ABCD Parameters of Some Useful Two-Port Circuits 12 Figure 10 Layout of
N+1 filter 14 Figure 11 Equivalent circuit for each coupled line section 14 Figure 12 Bandpass filter
prototype……………………………………………………………… 16 Figure 13 ADS Simulation – Line Calc-Coupled
Line 1 & 5 19 Figure 14 ADS Simulation – Line Calc-Coupled Line 2 & 4 19 Figure 15 ADS Simulation –
Line Calc-Coupled Line 3 19 Figure 16 ADS Simulation – Schematic circuit 20 Figure 17 ADS Simulation
– Result 20 Figure 18 EM Simulation –Layout 21 Figure 19 EM Simulation – Result 21 Figure 20
Substrate definition 22 CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES 2 LIST OF FIGURES 3 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
BANDPASS FILTERS 5 COUPLED LINE FILTERS - INTRODUCTION 8 CHAPTER 2: COUPLED LINE FILTER
THEORY COUPLED LINE FILTERS - CONCEPT 9 PROPERTIES OF COUPLED LINE FILTER… 10 CHAPTER 3:
COUPLE LINED BANDPASS FILTER DESIGN OF COUPLED LINE BANDPASS FILTER 11 DEVELOPMENT OF
EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT 14 CHAPTER 4: DESIGN PARAMETERS DESIGN SPECIFICATION 15 ADS-MANUAL
CALCULATION 17 ADS SIMULATION-LINE CALC 19 CHAPTER 5: ADS SIMULATION ADS SIMULATION-4th
ORDER FILTER 20 ADS SIMULATION-RESULT 20 CHAPTER 6: EM SIMULATION LAYOUT 21 RESULT 21
SUBSTRATE 22 CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION 23 CHAPTER 8: REFERENCES 24 CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION
1.1 Bandpass Filters Bandpass filter is an electronic device that allows the specific range of
frequencies to pass through it and will reject the frequencies which are out of its range by providing
attenuation for the stopband frequencies. Picturization of a useful form of bandpass filter consisting
of λ/4 stubs connected by λ/4 transmission lines is given below. Fig 1 Bandpass filter There are two
filter design methods namely image parameter method and insertion loss method. The image
parameter method is characterized by the specific frequency response over the entire operating
range not being taken into consideration to represent cut-off frequency and attenuation
characteristics Therefore, the filter design using this image parameter method can be consider
simple but to get desired result the same process needs to be repeated which is tiresome. The
second method is insertion loss method which involves network synthesis technique in order to
design a filter with desired frequency response. The insertion loss method synthesizes band pass
filter, high pass filter or band rejection filter by converting prototype low pass filter normalized with
reference to impedance and frequency. Based on frequency and phase response characteristics, there
are several types of filters such as · Chebyshev filter · Butterworth filter · Elliptic function filter · linear
phase filter. Figure 2 and 3 show frequency and phase response characteristics by filter. Fig 2
Attenuation characteristic vs. frequency Fig 3 Group delay characteristics vs. frequency Chebyshev or
equivalent wave channel creates some level of wave at passband however shows great cut-off at
stopband. Butterworth or maximally level channel has level addition misfortune at pass band
however shows slow cut-off at stopband. Chebyshev or equal-ripple filter generates some degree of
ripple at passband but shows good cut-off characteristics at stopband. Butterworth or maximally flat
filter has flat insertion loss at pass band but shows slow cut-off characteristics at stopband.

Plagiarism Report #929018

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Meanwhile, linear phase filter has slow cut-off characteristics at stopband compared with Chebyshev
filter or Butterworth filter but shows linear change in phase at passband . Consequently, it is alluring
to plan a legitimate channel as per application. Microstrip line filter is used for superhigh frequency
band, which allows implementation of compact size and integration, compared to integrated device
filter. Microstrip line filter types include stub filter, step impedance filter and coupled line filter.
Microstrip bandpass filters designed from coupled line have been widely used in many wireless
communication applications. This design has the advantages in term of its · planar structure · simple
synthesis procedure · great redundancy The most popular structure is parallel-coupled microstrip
filter because it does not require short circuits and is easy to design and implement. So, in this
project, the structure of parallel-coupled microstrip bandpass filter will be design and simulate using
ADS 2011. The design and performance of parallel-coupled microstrip bandpass filter will be analyzed
based on all of its parameters. 1.2 Coupled Line Filters – Concept Fig 4 Coupled line filter This
coupled line band pass filter can be manufactured by connecting the coupled lines shown in Figure 4.
One coupled line is modelized into equivalent circuit shown in Figure 5 in order to induce the design
equation for this type of filter. Fig 5 Coupled line filter Equivalent circuit CHAPTER 2- Coupled Line
Filters 2 2.1 Coupled Line Filters – Theory The parallel coupled transmission lines can be used to
construct many types of filters. Fabrication of multisection bandpass coupled line filters is particularly
easy in microstrip or strip line form for bandwidths less than about 20%. Wider bandwidth filters
generally require very tightly coupled lines, which are difficult to fabricate . A two-port network can be
formed from a coupled line section by terminating two of the four ports with either open or short
circuits, or by connecting two ends; there are 3 possible band-pass combinations which is given
below. Fig 6 Coupled line filter-Image response 2.2 Properties of a Coupled Line Filter CHAPTER 3-
Coupled Line Bandpass Filters 3.1 Design of Coupled Line Bandpass Filters Narrowband bandpass
filters can be made with cascaded coupled line sections of the form shown in Figure 7. Fig 7 Two-port
coupled line section having a bandpass response To derive the design equations for filters of this
type, a single coupled line section can be approximately modeled by the equivalent circuit shown in
Figure 8. Fig 8 Equivalent circuit of the coupled line section We will do this by calculating the image
impedance and propagation constant of the equivalent circuit and showing that they are
approximately equal to those of the coupled line section for θ = π/2, which will correspond to the
center frequency of the bandpass response. Fig 9 ABCD Parameters of Some Useful Two-Port Circuits
The ABCD parameters of the equivalent circuit can be computed using the ABCD matrices for
transmission lines. The ABCD parameters of the admittance inverter were obtained by considering it
as a quarter-wave length of transmission of characteristic impedance, 1 /J. Filter design by the image
parameter method From the above equations the image impedance of the equivalent circuit is
which reduces to the following value at the center frequency , θ = π/2: We also have that The
propagation constant is Equating the image impedances, and the propagation constants, yields the
following equations: where we have assumed sinθ _ 1 for θ near π/2. These equations can be solved
for the even- and odd-mode line impedances to give 3.2 Development of an equivalent circuit for
derivation of design equations for a coupled line bandpass filter for N=4. Fig 10 Layout of N+1 filter
Fig 11 Equivalent circuit for each coupled line section. The design equation for bandpass filter with
N+1 section is mentioned below CHAPTER 4- Design Parameters 4 4.1 Design specification Center
Frequency 4.9 GHz Filter Type Equal ripple Filter Structure Couple line Bandwidth 10 % Ripple
0.5dB Table 1 Design Specification. The order of the filter given is N=4 for an equi-ripple response
with an attenuation of 20dB at the center frequency of 4.9 GHz and the pass band ripple amplitude
(G) of 0.5dB. The elements values obtained are g1=1.6703, g2=1.1926, g3=2.3661, g4=0.8419,

Plagiarism Report #929018

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g5=1.9841 from the table given below. N g1 g2 g3 g4 g5 g6 g7 g8 1 0.6986 1.0000 2 1.4029 0.7071
1.9841 3 1.5963 1.0967 1.5963 1.0000 4 1.6703 1.1926 2.3661 0.8419 1.9841 5 1.7058 1.2296
2.5408 1.2296 1.7058 1.0000 6 1.7254 1.2479 2.6064 1.3137 2.4758 0.8696 1.9841 7 1.7372 1.2583
2.6381 1.3444 2.6381 1.2583 1.7372 1.0000 Table 2 Parameter values for Equal ripple response filter
Fig 12 Bandpass filter prototype Now, we use the following design equations to get the inverter
constants for a coupled line filter with N+ 1 sections . Based on the filter application in system design,
the fractional bandwidth (FBW) is calculated using equation below. where, ω1 and ω2 denote the
edges of the passband frequency. Then the odd and even resistance calculated by using equation
Zoe  Z01 JZ0  JZ0 2  Zoo  Z01 JZ0  JZ0 2  Now, the even and odd mode impedances
can be calculated as follows 4.2 ADS Simulation – Manual Calculation 4.3 ADS Simulation – Line Calc
Fig 13 ADS Simulation – Line Calc-Coupled Line 1 & 5 Fig 14 ADS Simulation – Line Calc-Coupled Line
2 & 4 Fig 15 ADS Simulation – Line Calc-Coupled Line 3 CHAPTER 5 - ADS Simulation 5.1 ADS
Simulation – 4th Order Filter Fig 16 ADS Simulation – Schematic circuit 5.2 ADS Simulation Result Fig
17 ADS Simulation – Result CHAPTER 6- EM simulation 6 6.1 Layout Fig 18 EM simulation-Layout 6.2
Simulation Fig 19 EM simulation-Result 6.3 Substrate Fig 20 Substrate definition CHAPTER 7-
CONCLUSION Thus, ADS and EM simulations are successfully performed for a coupled line band pass
filter on a ROGERS R04003 substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.38, the center frequency of 4.9
GHz, the bandwidth 10 %, the minimum attenuation amounts to -1 dB and the 0.5 dB pass-band
ripple. CHAPTER 8-REFERENCE (a) D. M. Pozar, “Microwave Engineering”, John Wiley & Sons Inc.,
1998 (b) [IEEE 2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE) - Melaka, Malaysia
(2007.12.4-2007.12.6)] 2007 Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics - 5.75 GHz
microstrip bandpass filter for ISM band

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1. utpedia.utp.edu.my/3947/2/12434_FinRep.pdf
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6. www.ijert.org/design-of-microstrip-cou...dpass-filter-using-synthesis-technique
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7. archive.org/stream/MicrowaveEngineerin..._David_M_Pozar_4ed_Wiley_2012_djvu.txt
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9. dokumen.pub/microwave-integrated-circu...-1nbsped-0367243121-9780367243128.html
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10. vdoc.pub/documents/microwave-engineering-2jmpfrd1ug8g
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12. silo.tips/download/design-of-4-th-orde...ostrip-bandpass-filter-at-dual-frequen
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13. ijesc.org/upload/28c67196bf732a7732247...el%20Coupled%20Microstrip%20Filter.pdf
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14. www.ijirset.com/upload/2016/july/34_Design.pdf
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15. www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5.75-GHz...58822b7ce8759e55659cfa5440690c6eec6cbf
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