INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

Lesson Plan
Prepared by Ms. Raven M. Forteza

I. Learning Objectives
● To define the independent clauses
● To formulate own sentences using the independent clauses.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Independent Clauses

Reference: English 7 Quarter 1 – Module 8

Materials: PowerPoint presentation

III. Methodologies

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

Prayer
In the name of this father and the son and of
Everyone, please stand up, let us pray first,
kindly lead the prayer. the Holy Spirit… Amen.

Greetings/Classroom arrangement
Good morning, Ma'am. Good morning,
Hello, good morning class. classmates

Before you take your seats, kindly pick up all

 the trash under your table and arrange your (Students pick all the pieces of trash and

chairs properly. arranges their chairs)

after a few minutes...

Ok class, thank you, you may now take your

seats. Thank you, Ma'am

Attendance

Before we start our class, let me check your

attendance first, say “Alive and Kicking
Ma’am” when I call your name. Yes Ma'am

Review

- Okay class, let’s have a review first before

entering to a new topic, what was the last

(Students raising their hands)
topic that we've discussed?

(call the students)

We discussed the clauses.

Okay and what do you mean by Clauses?

Clauses is a group of words containing a

subject and predicate and functioning as a
member of a complex or compound sentence.

Very good. Any questions or clarifications

about clauses?? None Ma’am.

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 Motivation

The class will have an activity which is called

“I am incomplete,finished me”

Example:

I wanted to be …

(The student will continue the sentence)

Though you left me … (Students will participate)

You are the reason of my …

I love to …

I want to tell you that …

If I would have known that …

Lesson Proper

Before we proceed to our lesson for today,

let's read first the objectives of our lesson.

Can you read the learning objectives?

(Students will raise their hands)

For our Learning Objectives, we have to:

● To define the independent clauses
● To formulate own sentences using the
independent clauses.

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 Okay, thank you

After we finished discussing the clauses, we will

now proceed with one of the types of clauses,

which is independent clauses.

Independent Clauses is a group of words that

contains both a subject and a predicate. It

expresses a complete thought and can stand alone

as a sentence. Hence, you write an independent

clause every time you write a simple sentence.

It can also be combined with a dependent clause

or another independent clause to make a more

interesting and complex sentence.

Examples:

● My name is Lily.
● I travel extensively.
● I’m visiting China this summer.
● We really love pandas.
● Pandas eat bamboo!
● Some pandas are really giant.

Parts of Independent Clauses

An independent clause only needs two

main things to make sense on its own: a
subject, and a predicate. But,
independent clauses may also have
modifiers and objects to make them more
detailed.

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 a. Subject

A sentence’s subject is the thing that is

“doing” the action. Often it’s just a single
noun (a person, place, thing, or idea), but
it can also be a gerund or a noun phrase
that uses other modifiers. Here are some
examples of subjects:

● Lily studies. Single

noun subject
● You work. Single noun
subject
● Giant pandas chew.
Noun phrase subject
● Traveling is fun. Gerund
subject

b. Predicate

A predicate is the word or phrase that

expresses a sentence’s action. It may be
just a single verb, or it may be a verb
phrase (a verb with its related objects
and/or modifiers). Here are some
examples of predicates.

● The panda chewed. Single

verb = predicate
● The panda chewed bamboo.
Verb + object = predicate
● The panda chewed slowly.

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 Verb + modifier = predicate
● The panda chewed bamboo
slowly. Verb + object +
modifier = predicate

c. Modifiers

Modifiers are adverbs and adjectives

that “modify” another word by adding
more details to it. In independent clauses,
they paint a better picture of the subject
or the predicate. Here are some
examples of modifiers.

● Chewing slowly
● The giant, fluffy panda
● Adventurous Lily
● Travels extensively

d. Objects

An object is a thing in a sentence that

receives the verb’s action. Many
independent clauses will include objects
to make ideas more complete. Here are
some examples of objects:

● Pandas eat bamboo.

● They have black and white
fur.
● Lily traveled to China.

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 ● She loves pandas.

Ways to Use Independent

Clauses

Independent clauses can be used as

sentences on their own; but, we often
combine them with other independent or
dependent clauses to make longer, more
interesting sentences.

a. On their Own

As you now know, an independent clause

doesn’t need other clauses to be a
sentence. So, one way we use them is on
their own!

Simple Sentence

An independent clause standing on its

own as a full sentence is a simple
sentence. A simple sentence has only
one subject and one predicate (just one
independent clause)—that means only
one person or thing doing one action. A
simple sentence can be as short as two
words but, it can be longer if it includes
modifiers or objects. Here are some

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 examples:

● Pandas eat.
● Pandas eat bamboo leaves.
● They live in the forest.
● Lily saw pandas in China.

Remember, by itself, an independent

clause is a simple sentence, and vice
versa!

b. With Other Clauses

Dependent clauses never express a

complete thought on their own. So, to
form a proper sentence, they always
need to be paired with at least one
independent clause. The two ways we do
that are with complex sentences and
compound-complex sentences. In the
sections below, independent clauses are
green.

Compound Sentence

A compound sentence combines two

independent clauses into one sentence.
We do this with either a conjunction (like
and, but, so, etc), a conjunction and a
comma, or a semicolon.

● Lily saw pandas in China;

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 they live in the forest.
● Pandas eat bamboo leaves,
but they don’t eat fruit

Remember, when separated, the

independent clauses in a compound
sentence can be sentences on their own:

● Lily saw pandas in China.

● They live in the forest.
● Pandas eat bamboo leaves.
● They don’t eat fruit.

Complex Sentence

A complex sentence joins an

independent clause with at least one
dependent clause. That means it brings
together a complete thought with an
incomplete thought, like this:

● When she visited China, Lily

went to see the pandas.
● Lily saw giant pandas while
she was in China.

In both of these examples, the dependent

clauses “when she visited China” and
“while she was in China” are incomplete
thoughts that can’t be full sentences. But,
when put together with the independent

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 clauses, they form proper complex
sentences!

Compound-Complex Sentence

A compound-complex sentence has at

least two independent clauses and at
least one dependent clause. That means
it combines two complete thoughts with
an incomplete thought, like this:

● While she was traveling in

China, Lily saw pandas, and
they were amazing!

Here, you can see that the dependent

clause “While she was traveling in China”
is not a complete thought. But, by adding
the two independent clauses that follow,
we make it into a full sentence! Here’s
another example:

● If you go to China, you can

see pandas in the forest and
watch them eat bamboo.

How to Avoid Mistakes

Always remember: an independent

clause has only one subject and one
predicate (for instance, one person doing

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 one thing) and makes sense on its own. If
you remember those rules, it’s easy to
recognize an independent clause. But,
there are other mistakes that can easily
occur with independent clauses, like run-
on sentences and comma splices.

a. Run-on Sentence

When you combine too many

independent clauses without the right
punctuation, you get a run-on sentence
—it “runs on” for too long without pausing!
So, when combining independent clauses
with any other clause, you need to be
sure to use commas, conjunctions, and
semicolons. Take a look at these
examples:

● Pandas don’t like fruit they

only eat bamboo so they live
in bamboo forests.

This sentence is confusing—it’s hard to

tell where one thought ends and the other
begins. This is a run-on sentence! Let’s
fix it:

● Pandas don’t like fruit; they

only eat bamboo, so they

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 live in bamboo forests.

By adding a semicolon, a comma, and

the conjunction “so,” this sentence is
clear, and it’s easy to see where each
clause is!

b. Comma Splice

If you combine independent clauses with

a comma, but don’t use a proper
conjunction, you get what’s called a
comma splice. When combining
independent clauses into a compound
sentence, and you want to use a comma,
you MUST include a conjunction.
Otherwise, you should use a semicolon.
Take a look at these examples:

● Pandas are black and white,

they are easy to spot.
INCORRECT
● Pandas are black and white,
so they are easy to spot.
Correct!
● Pandas are black and white;
they are easy to spot.
Correct!

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