Divorce

Created @October 14, 2021 12:38 PM

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Ray Diagram: Anatomy of Curved Lenses

The two lenses differ in terms of shape, and are symmetrical along the horizontal axis

Converging Lens

are relatively thick in the middle and thin in the upper and lower edges

Draw a venn diagram shaped figure, the overlapping section of these two circles is the
converging lens

Diverging Lens

are relatively thin in the middle and thick in the upper and lower edges

Imagine two spheres near each other, the space between these two sphere form the
diverging lens

Anatomy of Curved Lenses

there are parts in the spherical mirror that are also parts of these curved lenses

Principal Axis

Converging and diverging lenses are almost the same, wheren a principal axis passes
through the center of the lens

Principal axis is where the bottom part of the image is drawn

Vertical Axis

Lenses also have vertical axis, a line that disects the lens into halves along the vetical
symmetrically

It is used to simplify the bending of light rays

Vertex

the center point where the principal axis meets the lens

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 Denoted with the letter v

Both converging and diverging lens have two sides

The front of the lens is the left side of the lens

The back of the lens is the right side of the lens

Focal Point

denoted with the letter f

Focal length

this is the distance between the focal point and vertex

both focal points from both sides must have equal distance from the vertex (lens does
not have a center of curvature)

2F

Imaginary point that lens have

point of the principal axis that is twice as far from the vertical axis as the focal point/ length

Ray Diagram: Converging Lens

ray diagramming in lens also uses principal ray, chief ray, and focal ray

Light is refracting instead of relfecting in the case of lens

Principal Ray

Suppose that the object is drawn in front of the converging lens, the diagram is an upright arrow

The line coming from the top of the object will pass parallel the principal ray directed
towards the lens

As of hitting the lens, this will refract and pass through the focal point

You may extend the line in front of the mirror and will be drawn as broken lines

Focal Ray

The incident ray coming from the top of the object will pass the focal point and hit the lens

Upon hitting the lens, this will be refracted parallel to the principal axis; directed at the back
of the mirror

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 You may extend the line in front of the mirror and will be drawn as broken

Chief Ray

an incident ray coming from the top of the object passes through the vertex and will hit the
lens

Upon hitting the lens, this will be refracted along the same path

The extended line will be drawn as broken lines, in front of the mirror

Remember

All incident rays and refracted rays should have an arrowhead

Light rays only refracts once theres a change between the medium and the lens

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 Ray Diagram: Diverging Lens

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 Assume that the object is an upright arrow drawn in front of the object and on top of the
principal axis

Principal Ray

the incident ray will be drawn parallel the principal axis and hit the vertical axis

Once this hits the vertical axis, it will be refracted away from the focal point in front of the
lens

Extend the refracted ray in front of the mirror with broken lines, make sure it passes
through the focal point

Focal Ray

the incident ray on top of the arrow will hit the vertical axis towards the focal point between
the lens

to be refracted parallel to the principal axis away from the lens

Extend the refracted ray parallel to the principal exis; in front of the mirror

Chief Ray

The incident ray on top of the arrow will hit the vertical axis and pass through the vertex

Extend the refracted ray in front of the principal axis, along the same path

Ray diagramming

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 Image Formation on Diverging Lens

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 Synthesis!

When light passes through different media, it refracts.

Lenses can either be converging or diverging

To draw images formed viewed through a lens, a combination of only 2 rays are required.
No need to draw all three rays.

The rays used to trace the image formed on curved lenses are: principal ray, focal ray, and
chief ray. These rays are drawn differently in lenses compared to mirrors.

The principal ray is drawn parallel to the principal axis, and upon hitting the lens, gets
refracted along the focal point behind the lens.

The focal ray is drawn passing the focal point towards the lens and upon hitting the lens gets
refracted parallel with the principal axis behind the lens.

The chief ray is drawn towards the lens, passing through the vertex and upon hitting the lens
gets refracted along the same path.

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