LESSON 14: IDENTIFYING THE VARIOUS WATER RESOURCES ON THE EARTH

LESSON 15: ACTIVITIES AFFECTS THE QUALITY AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER FOR HUMAN USE
LESSON 16: SUGGESTING WAYS OF CONSERVING AND PROTECTING WATER RESOURCES

WATER RESOURCES SALTWATER RESOURCES

 ¾ of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
 Found in the ocean
 Freshwater is found below earth’s surface called
groundwater
 Present in air in the form of water vapor

LESSON 14: • High in salt concentration

IDENTIFYING THE VARIOUS WATER RESOURCES ON • Covers 1/3 of the earth’s surface
EARTH • Salt water is NOT a potable water source

Objectives: USES:
• Transportation
 Describe water resources • Source of food
 Identify and describe the types of water resources • Recreation
 List down the uses for each type of water resources • Large basin/reservior of water
 Cite examples for each type of water resources

WATER RESOURCES
SURFACE WATER
 Uses of water: agriculture, households, recreational and
environmental activities
 70% of the body is made up of water
 Living things require water to grow and reproduce

SOURCES OF WATER
• Rainwater
• Oceans
• Rivers • Pertains to all freshwater resources on the surface of
earth
• Lake
• Covers 3% of the earth’s total water
• Streams
• Ponds
USES:
• Streams
• Potable water
• Rainwater
• Food
 Collected on earth in the form of surface water • Hydroelectric energy
and underground water • Irrigation
• Recreation
• Transportation
• Household needs
TYPES OF WATER RESOURCES

SURFACE WATER

EARTH SCIENCE| 1ST SEMESTER: QUARTER 1 (NOVEMBER 8, 2021)

 LESSON 14: IDENTIFYING THE VARIOUS WATER RESOURCES ON THE EARTH
LESSON 15: ACTIVITIES AFFECTS THE QUALITY AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER FOR HUMAN USE
LESSON 16: SUGGESTING WAYS OF CONSERVING AND PROTECTING WATER RESOURCES

• Improper waste disposal

• Irresponsible use of water
• Irresponsible use of fertilizer
• Mining
• Commercial logging
• Informal settlements

1. IMPROPER WASTE DISPOSAL

• Throwing of wastes in different bodies of water

• Water pollution and contamination of potable
water resources

Quality:
- Water pollution
GROUNDWATER RESOURCES Availability:
- Scarcity of clean water
• Found underground
• 30% of all freshwater DIFFERENT TYPES OF WASTES
• Sometimes due to high pressure, this water
sprouts out in the form of springs
• Obtained by digging wells or sinking tube wells
• Aquifer- rocks that store and transmit
groundwater

LESSON 15:
ACTIVITIES AFFECT THE QUALITY OF WATER FOR
HUMAN USE
OBJECTIVES:

• Enumerate the different activities that affect the 2. IRRESPONSILE USE OF WATER
quality and availability of water for human use
• Explain how each activity affect the quality of
water
• Explain how each activity affect the availability
of water
• Cite some examples of each activity

• Improper and overuse of water

ACTIVITIES THAT AFFECT THE QUALITY OF WATER Some Activities Include:
• Not turning off faucets when not in use

EARTH SCIENCE| 1ST SEMESTER: QUARTER 1 (NOVEMBER 8, 2021)

 LESSON 14: IDENTIFYING THE VARIOUS WATER RESOURCES ON THE EARTH
LESSON 15: ACTIVITIES AFFECTS THE QUALITY AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER FOR HUMAN USE
LESSON 16: SUGGESTING WAYS OF CONSERVING AND PROTECTING WATER RESOURCES

• Letting leakages to persist

Heavy Metals Found in Affected Bodies of Water
Quality: • Arsenic
• No effect on the quality • Lead
Availability: • Copper
• Scarcity of clean water • Cobalt
• Mercury

3. IRRESPONSIBLE USE OF FERTILIZER
Quality:
• Water pollution due to heavy metals and toxic
chemicals
• Water turbidity due to sediments from erosion
Availability:
• Clogging and shallowing of bodies of fresh water
• Scarcity of potable water

• Fertilizers used to help plants grow faster;

improper and extensive use of fertilizers can cause 5. COMMERCIAL LOGGING
negative effects to the quality and availability of
nearby water sources

Quality
• Eutrophication
Availability
• Scarcity of clean water
• Irresponsible and frequent logging, like mining, also
induces soil erosion, sedimentation and even flash
floods.
4. MINING
Quality:
• Turbidity of water
Availability:
• Scarcity of water

6. INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS
Mining is the extraction of minerals and metals from the
earth. • Informal settlement is an area wherein occupants have
no legal claim to their lands
SOME IMPACTS OF MINING: Quality:
• Leaching • Water pollution due to fecal and solid wastes
• Chemical pollution Availability:
• Erosion and sedimentation • Scarcity of clean water

Erosion and Sedimentation:

Mining makes the soil unstable and causes erosion and SUMMARY
sedimentation
Effects:
• Water turbidity
• Clogged/shallow rivers, streams and lakes

CHEMICAL POLLUTION
• Toxic chemicals used in treating ores that leach to
nearby bodies of water poses health threats to the
environment and to the human population

EARTH SCIENCE| 1ST SEMESTER: QUARTER 1 (NOVEMBER 8, 2021)

 LESSON 14: IDENTIFYING THE VARIOUS WATER RESOURCES ON THE EARTH
LESSON 15: ACTIVITIES AFFECTS THE QUALITY AND AVAILABILITY OF WATER FOR HUMAN USE
LESSON 16: SUGGESTING WAYS OF CONSERVING AND PROTECTING WATER RESOURCES

• Use a pail and dipper when taking a

shower
• Use containers for other activities such
as washing the dishes, car, instead of
running water

REDUCES WASTES
• Avoid throwing wastes directly to different bodies of
water
• Segregate wastes materials
EXAMPLES:
• Avoid pouring chemicals, oils, gasoline
etc. down to sinks, since they go
directly to rivers
• Minimize the use of commercial
fertilizers. Leaching of nutrients results
to algal bloom
• Avoid disposing wastes to different
bodies of water

LESSON 16:
SUGGESTING WAYS OF CONSERVING AND PROTECTING
Rehabilitate Waste Resources
WATER RESOURCES
• Rehabilitation of forest and aquatic areas are
WATER CONSERVATION necessary to keep our water resources clean
EXAMPLES:
• Reducing water usage, loss or waste
• Clean up bodies of water such as rivers,
• Encompasses the laws, policies, strategies and
streams, lakes
activities to sustainably manage and protect the
• Plant trees near bodies of water
quality of water resources
• Reforest areas
• METHODS:
• Conserve/Save water
The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
• Reduce wastes
• Rehabilitate water resources

Water Conservation Methods

Conserve or Save Water

• Using lesser amount of water necessary to conduct
an activity or chore
• Reusing water for other purposes whenever possible
Examples:
• Turn off the faucet when not in use
• Use a glass/cup when brushing the
teeth

EARTH SCIENCE| 1ST SEMESTER: QUARTER 1 (NOVEMBER 8, 2021)