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Quarter 2 – Module 2
Identifying Key Structural
Elements and Language Features
of a Text
English - Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 2
Identifying Key Structural Elements and Language Features of a Text
First Edition, 2020
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Management Team:
Glenda S. Constantino
Project Development Officer II
Joannarie C. Garcia
Librarian II
English
Quarter 2 – Module 2
Identifying Key Structural
Elements and Language Features
of a Text
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to
help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and the learners as they do the
tasks included in the module.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
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This is a brief drill or review to help you link the
current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced
to you in various ways; a story, a song, a poem,
a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult
your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
2
This module consists of varied activities that will teach you how to write
.
a paragraph using key structural elements and different language features of a
text. This module will also teach you how to:
• identify declarative sentences;
• determine the passive voice of verbs;
• use appropriate connectives to express ideas correctly; and
• write a paragraph to express one’s ideas.
Directions: Read the article below, then answer the questions that follow.
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Can you help Miss Lulu identify who among her students wrote their sentences
correctly?
The following are the students’ responses. Draw a heart ( ) reaction to the
lower right corner of the box if the sentence is grammatically correct, broken heart
( ), if not.
Chats (15)
Marie
11. Jean is holding her snacks, in summary, she is answering a phone call.
Lucas
12. People at the park look happy, although they enjoy their activities.
Khrishna
Vladimir
14. June is training his dog; in the same manner, James and Flor take care
of their pets.
Wendy
15. The weather is hot .However, those people enjoy being there.
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Let us continue reading the story.
After finishing all her online classes for that day, Miss Lulu felt so
exhausted, so she immediately went to the kitchen and took some snacks.
After that, she took a walk for a while to ease the pain she felt after sitting for
a long period of time. Then she sat down on her couch and grabbed a
magazine in the file.
Questions:
1. What did Miss Lulu do after her online classes?
___________________________________________________________
Did you notice that the paragraph above narrates a story? Very Good! Narrative
paragraph is just a part of a story. Before we discuss the main lesson in this module,
you need to know first the four types of a paragraph which make up an essay.
“We have a dog named Powder. She is a small tricolor Shih Tzu. She
has a combination of white, black and brown fur. She has a thick fur that
makes us love to cuddle her. And whenever her fur is full grown, we used
to tie it on top of her head that makes her look even cuter.”
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An expository paragraph provides information on a particular subject including
facts, instructions, or definition. Study the paragraph below.
“Remote learning happens when the teacher and the students are not
physically present in a traditional classroom environment. The teaching and
learning process is done through the use of technology like video
conferencing, chats, etc. It is also called distance learning.”
2. The supporting sentences come after the topic sentence. They provide
other information like examples, explanation, etc. that support the topic
sentence.
3. The concluding sentence is the last part of the paragraph. It usually sums
up the ideas presented in the paragraph.
To check your understanding about the different types of paragraph. Can you
identify what type of paragraph is each item below?
1. Rainbow appears in the sky after the rain. It is produced when sunlight strikes
raindrops at a particular angle. It consists of seven colors namely-red, orange,
yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet or the ROYGBIV. Rainbow is one of the
most natural eye-catching sceneries on earth.
2. I enjoyed the time when my family went to Enchanted Kingdom. For the first time,
my father allowed me to take all the death-defying rides that I could. I first took
the Jungle Log Jam with my sister where we got a little wet. Then I took the
exhilarating Anchors Away followed by the Space Shuttle. I got a little dizzy,
so I rested for a while. After few minutes, I summoned my family to take the Agila
EKsperience where my father, my mother, my sister and I had fun the most.
3. A Filipino must be proud to be a Filipino. Not only that a blood of the strong
heroes run into his veins, but also the rich culture that he inherited from them.
Filipinos are known to be competent and hardworking. They are resilient to face
struggles and always willing to learn new things. They have positive attitudes
and speak with sincerity. Thus, we must be proud to be a Filipino.
How well did you do the activity? If your answer in number 1 is exposition,
in number 2 is narrative, and number 3 is descriptive, well, you are correct!
Congratulations! I am sure that you are now ready for the main lesson in this module.
If you did not get the answers correctly, feel free to search for other examples, or ask
your teacher to help you understand it.
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Make sure that students understand the different types of paragraph
before proceeding to the next activity. You may give them a series of questions
or examples to determine their understanding about the topic.
Miss Lulu started turning the pages of the magazine and this article
caught her attention:
Courage
Maribel C. Fabian
Another stories of valor which could not be denied are the stories
of bravery of our heroes such as Andres Bonifacio, Antonio Luna, Jose
Rizal, Gabriela Silang, Melchora Aquino among others. They did not
show fear despite the threat of being captured and killed by the fierce
Spaniards.
We are soldiers of our own fights. We may not wear body armors
to protect ourselves, but we may wear the cloth of courage to face these
challenges. We may not carry guns and use artillery, but we may carry
our faith in God that he will guide us all throughout our journey in this life.
Living in this world is war, and this earth is our battlefield.
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After reading the article, Miss Lulu realized that she is not the only one
who is experiencing so many challenges in life. She realized that she is
probably luckier than any other people who face greater problems in their lives.
After this realization, Miss Lulu decided to embrace the new normal way
of living, and planned for the next day’s lesson. She felt excited to meet her
classes.
Questions:
1. Based on the selection, what is courage? ______________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. What examples are given that show courage? ____________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. Who are the Filipino heroes mentioned in the article?_______________________
________________________________________________________________
4. Based on the article, courage is compared to what? _______________________
________________________________________________________________
5. What type of essay is the article ? ______________________________________
1. Declarative sentences
A declarative sentence tells a statement. It does not ask question. It is
simply a statement that tells a story.
The following are declarative sentences taken from the article read by Miss
Lulu:
Examples:
a. In this time of uncertainties, one of the most important qualities that
each person must possess is courage.
b. Soldiers have been used as a representation of bravery.
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Each of the above sentences tells a statement. Both of them begin with
capital letters and end with periods; yet, they do not express command or
request.
2. Connectives
Connectives are used to connect ideas, clauses, sentences or paragraphs.
They can be conjunctions or adverbs.
In the examples below, the underlined words used in the sentences are
connectives.
Examples:
a. Although it is known that he was guided by God, still, the courage in him
made him chosen by the Lord.
(Although shows contrasting ideas between the statements that he
was guided by God and made him chosen by the Lord.)
b. They did not show fear despite the threat of being captured and killed
by the fierce Spaniards.
(Despite also connects the two contrasting ideas.)
in summary in conclusion
Summary to sum up finally
to repeat in short
3. Passive Voice
It is a form of the verb that makes the subject the receiver of the action.
This verb is formed by be + past participle of the verb.
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Study the following examples:
Examples:
Gideon was guided by God.
Soldiers have been used as a representation of bravery.
Remember that in passive voice, the person or object that experiences the
action is given more importance and emphasis than the object who does the
action. Therefore, in the above examples, the subject Gideon is given much
importance than the doer of the action (God). While in the second statement,
there is no object who did the action, obviously, the subject soldiers receives the
action.
The table below shows how the be-verbs are used in the passive voice.
Auxiliary
Subject Verb
Be Verb + Past Participle Object Modifier
am to study
I motivated
hard
Is/are in the
Fruit/s sold
was/were market
The street be
will given gifts
children
has
The music have been played all day
had
Did you understand how the passive voice of the verb is used in the sentence?
To be able to test your knowledge about the lesson, try answering the activities
that follow. Moreover, these activities will help you understand more about the topic.
Independent Activity 1
A. Describe Me
Directions: Study the pictures on the next page. What desirable Filipino values and
traits are shown by the characters? Arrange the scrambled words inside each box to
form a declarative sentence. Write your answers on the space provided. Observe
proper capitalization and end punctuation in your sentence.
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1.______________________________________________
________________________________________________
2.______________________________________________
________________________________________________
_____
3.______________________________________________
________________________________________________
4.______________________________________________
________________________________________________
5.______________________________________________
________________________________________________
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Independent Assessment 1
A. Which Is Which
Directions: Identify whether the statement is a declarative sentence. Encircle the
thumbs up( ) image if it is a declarative sentence, thumbs down ( ) if not.
Independent Activity 2
A. Fill Me In
Directions: Complete the paragraph below with appropriate connectives. Choose from
the connectives inside the box. Capitalize the word if needed.
Mang Waldo is one of the factory workers who lost their jobs because of the
lockdown in different regions of the country. To be able to survive, he got an
idea of planting crops in his garden ____________ he thinks that it will give
him more benefits. Growing crops will provide food for his family, __________
it will give him and his family security that the crops are safe. _____________
planting crops will make him earn money.
Mang Waldo cannot wait ______ he cultivates the soil and starts planting.
_____, his crops are ready to harvest.
B. Puzzling Connections
Directions: Guess the connective being referred to in each of the following riddles. Fill
in each box with appropriate letter to come up with correct connetive.
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Independent Assessment 2
A. Meet My Match
Directions: Match the statements in Coulumn A with the appropriate statements in
Column B.
Column A Column B
1. My sister Sarah likes green beans A. hence, the crops are larger.
2. The weather is much better this year B. afterwards, the river overflowed.
3. Mountains are denuded C. as a result, landslides happen in
prone areas
4. It rained very hard D. likewise, I like vegetables.
5. Water is very limited E. nevertheless, the crops need to be
watered
Independent Activity 3
A. New Norm
Directions: Fill in each blank with the appropriate verb in the passive voice to complete
the meaning of the sentence. Use the verb inside the parentheses. Take note that the
passive voice is formed by be+past participle of the verb; and the form of the be-verb
depends on the number of the subject.
1. Millions of people _____________ by Covid-19. (infected)
2. Many companies _____________ by the pandemic. (affect)
3. Face masks and face shields _____________ for everyone’s protection.
(wear)
4. Physical distancing _______________ everywhere. (observe)
5. Classes nowadays ________________ in different learning modalities. (hold)
Independent Assessment 3
A. Passive All
Directions: Study each of the sentences below. Identify whether the statement is
passive or not. Put a check ( ✓) mark if it is passive, cross (X) if not.
1. Students became busy with different social media apps during lockdown.
2. Social media overuse consumes much of a person’s time and energy.
3. According to news, beep cards will be given free to commuters.
4. Most documents today are sent online.
5. Strick implementation of health protocols are observed in most establishments.
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After going through with different activities, you probably realized that to be able
to create a well-defined paragraph, you need to identify different key structural
elements. On the space provided below, write what you have learned about the
lesson.
It is formed by ____________________________________________.
Explain It Further!
Your friend, a social media user, asked all his friends to explain the topic he
posted on his Facebook account. Your name had been mentioned and he challenged
you to explain the topic further.
Directions: Write a paragraph of not less than five (5) sentences explaining any of the
following topics, (either narrative, expository, descriptive or persuasive). Make sure to
use at least one (1) declarative sentence, one (1) passive voice of verb, and one (1)
conjunction in your paragraph.
A. Playing Online Games C. Social Media Addiction
B. Living in the New Normal D. Distance Learning
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Make your paragraph meaningful using the following criteria:
CRITERIA 2 points 1 point Score
Used one or more No declarative
Key Structural declarative sentences sentence
Elements and Used one or more
No conjunction
Language conjunctions
Features Used one or more No passive voice of
passive voice of verbs verb
Has no error in
Mechanics Has one or more
punctuation, capitalization
and Grammar errors in punctuation
and spelling
Unclear topic
Overall Clear topic sentence and sentence and/or not
Content details. related supporting
details.
Title
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Multiple Choice. Choose the correct answer to each of the following items.
A. Declarative Sentences.
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7. Which of the following is in the passive voice?
a. Fruits and vegetables are needed by sick people.
b. People take vitamins for essential nutrients.
c. Prayer can reduce one’s worries.
d. Rest and relaxation help in reducing stress.
9. In the statement, “Online games like Mobile Legends and League of Legends are
enjoyed by students nowadays,” who or what is the doer of the action?
a. League of Legends c. online games
b. Mobile Legends d. students
10. Using the same sentence in item number 9, what is given more importance or
emphasis?
a. League of Legends c. online games
b. Mobile Legends d. students
12. In the sentence, “Covid-19 is very contagious, therefore we must take extra care,”
the connective used in the sentence shows
a. addition c. finally
b. cause and effect d. summary
13. Playing Mobile Legend is not a good idea. ___________, I have no time to do so.
a. But c. Furthermore
b. Finally d. On the other hand
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15. Farmers expected that it would rain that weekend, ________________, it did not.
a. therefore c. on the contrary
b. thereafter d. similarly
Construct at least 3 paragraph essay about any of the following topics. Use either
narrative, expository, or descriptive paragraph. Use at least three (3) declarative
sentences, three (3) passive voice of verbs and three (3) connectives in your article.
A. My Favorite Pet
B. Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence
C. The Best Vacation in My Life
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Title
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______________________________________________________________
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What I Know
1. 11.
2. 12.
3. 13.
4. 14.
5. 15.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
What’s New
1. Courage is the ability to face fear despite what obstacle may lie ahead.
2. The bravery of Gideon, the valor of our heroes, the soldiers
3. Andres Bonifacio, Antonio Luna, Jose Rizal, Gabriela Silang and Melchora Aquino.
4. Courage is compared to a soldier.
What’s More
Independent activity 1 Independent Assessment 1
(Students’ answers may vary)
1. Lucy kisses her mother’s hand. . 1. Up
2. Mang Carlo works hard to provide for his family. 2. down
3. Bebot and Tonyo help each other in times of trouble. 3. down
4. Ben and Mae pray at night to ask for God’s mercy 4. up
5. Mang Juan’s family enjoy being together 5. down
Independent Activity 2 Independent Assessment 2
A. 1. because B. 1. Likewise 1. D
2. and 2. In Conclusion 2. A
3. Moreover 3. On the other hand 3. C
4. so 4. Moreover 4. B
5. soon 5. Since 5. E
Independent Activity 3 Independent Assessment 3
1. are infectd 1. X
2. are affected 2. X
3. are worn 3. /
4. is observed 4. /
5. are held 5. /
Assessment
1. d 6. d 11. d
2. d 7. a 12. b
3. d 8. b 13. c
4. c 9. d 14. b
5. b 10. c 15. c
References
“Mental Health and Coping During COVID-19.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed October 26, 2020.
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/managing-stress-
anxiety.html.
Miller-Wilson, Kate. “50+ Uncommon Expository Essay Topics.” English Grammar Rules &
Usage. Accessed October 26, 2020. https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/writing/50-
uncommon-expository-essay-topics.html.
Servallos, Neil Jayson. “LTFRB: Beep Cards Now Free.” Philstar.com. Philstar.com, October
7, 2020. https://www.philstar.com/nation/2020/10/08/2047947/ltfrb-beep-cards-now-
free.
“WL10 Types Of Paragraphs.” Learn American English Online. Accessed October 26, 2020.
https://www.learnamericanenglishonline.com/Write_in_English/WL10_types_of_paragr
aphs.html.
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