Reading for External Regional Geography-Dr. Saroja Adhihetty- 1st Oct.

2022

A) Reading postcard and answer the given questions.

B)
c)
D)
E)
• Read the passage. Then answer the questions below
Dan, Sarah,

Ted, and Rebecca have been playing a friendly game of poker for almost an hour. So far, Ted has
the biggest pile of winnings, with a total of $5.45. Sarah has won a small sum, and Rebecca has
lost more than Dan.

1) At this stage of the game, who has lost the most money? A. Ted B. Sarah C. Dan D. Rebecca

2) How much money might each player have started with, if each player started with the same amount?
A. $4 B. $6 C. $8 D. Not enough information is provided

3) If the game started at 7:00, what time might it be at this stage of the game? A. 7:30 B. 7:50 C. 8:00 D.
8:45

4) At this stage of the game, who has/have won money? I. Ted II. Sarah III. Dan A. I only B. I and II only C.
II and III only D. I, II, and III

Answers and Explanations

1) D The passage tells us that "Rebecca has lost more than Dan." This lets us know that Rebecca and Dan
have lost money. Since Rebecca has lost more than Dan, we know that she has lost the most money.
This means choice (D) is correct. The passage tells us that Ted "has the biggest pile of winnings," and
that "Sarah has won a small sum." This lets us know that Ted and Sarah have won money. This
eliminates choices (A) and (B). The passage also tells us that "Rebecca has lost more than Dan." Choice
(C) is incorrect.

2) A The passage says that, "Ted has the biggest pile of winnings, with a total of $5.45." Since Ted has
the biggest pile of winnings, and each player started with the same amount, he must have started with
less than $5.45. Answer (A) is correct. The values in choice (B), (C), and (D) are all higher than $5.45.
Therefore they are incorrect.

3) B The passage says that "Dan, Sarah, Ted, and Rebecca have been playing a friendly game of poker for
almost an hour." If the game started at 7:00, and has been going on for almost an hour, then the only
time that makes sense is 7:50. Therefore (B) is correct. The passage does not provide information to
support choice (A), (C), or (D). Therefore they are incorrect.

4) B We know that Ted has won money, because the passage tells us that he "has the biggest pile of
winnings." This supports option (I). We also know that Sarah has won money, because the passage says
that Sarah has "won a small sum." This supports option (II). Finally, we know that Dan has not won
money. This is because the passage says that "Rebecca has lost more than Dan." If Rebecca has lost
more than Dan, this implies that Dan has also lost money in addition to Rebecca. This eliminates option
(III). Therefore (B) is correct
Read the passage and answer the questions

Wild Weather

(https://www.ngllife.com/wild-weather-0)

What is happening to our weather?

What is ‘extreme’ weather? Why are people talking about it these days? ‘Extreme’ weather is an
unusual weather event such as rainfall, a drought or a heat wave in the wrong place or at the
wrong time. In theory, they are very rare. But these days, our TV screens are constantly
showing such extreme weather events. Take just three news stories from 2010: 28 centimetres of
rain fell on Rio de Janeiro in 24 hours, Nashville, USA, had 33 centimetres of rain in two days
and there was record rainfall in Pakistan.
The effects of this kind of rainfall are dramatic and lethal. In Rio de Janeiro, landslides followed,
burying hundreds of people. In Pakistan, the floods affected 20 million people. Meanwhile, other
parts of the world suffer devastating droughts. Australia, Russia and East Africa have been hit in
the last ten years. And then there are unexpected heat waves, such as in 2003 in Europe. That
summer, 35,000 deaths were said to be heat-related.
So, what is happening to our weather? Are these extreme events part of a natural cycle? Or are
they caused by human activity and its effects on the Earth’s climate? Peter Miller says it’s
probably a mixture of both of these things. On the one hand, the most important influences on
weather events are natural cycles in the climate. Two of the most famous weather cycles, El Niño
and La Niña, originated in the Pacific Ocean. The heat from the warm ocean rises high into the
atmosphere and affects weather all around the world. On the other hand, the temperature of the
Earth’s oceans is slowly but steadily going up. And this is a result of human activity. We are
producing greenhouse gases that trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere. This heat warms up the
atmosphere, land and oceans. Warmer oceans produce more water vapour – think of heating a
pan of water in your kitchen. Turn up the heat, it produces steam more quickly. Satellite data
tells us that the water vapour in the atmosphere has gone up by four percent in 25 years. This
warm, wet air turns into the rain, storms, hurricanes and typhoons that we are increasingly
experiencing.
Climate scientist, Michael Oppenheimer, says that we need to face the reality of climate change.
And we also need to act now to save lives and money in the future.
Keywords:
air (n) the mixture of gases that is around the Earth and that we breathe
atmosphere (n) the air around the Earth
climate (n) the general weather conditions that are typical of a place
cycle (n) a series of things that are repeated again and again
death (n) the end of life
drought (n) a long period of time without rain
event (n) something that happens, especially something important or unusual
heat (n) the quality of being warm, or the temperature of something that is warm
hit (v) to have a bad effect on someone or something
lethal (adj) extremely dangerous and causing death
rainfall (n) the amount of rain that falls
steam (n) the hot mist that forms when water boils

1) Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
1. extreme uncommon
2. drought dangerous
3. rare shocking
4. constantly a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of
water
5. lethal the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time as regards heat,
cloudiness, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.
6. devastating begin
7. weather occurrences of unusually severe weather or climate conditions that can
cause devastating impacts on communities and agricultural and natural
ecosystems.
8. originate always
2) Write True, False or Not Given to the following statements.
a. People are talking about extreme weather conditions these days?.........
b. Extreme weather is a common weather pattern. …….
c. TV has shown weather conditions in all parts of Asia………..
d. Extreme weather events are mainly caused by human activities…….
e. Warmer oceans produce more water vapour……
3) Match the summarized sentences with the paragraphs.
a. Extreme weather
b. Negative effects
c. Causes
d. Warning
4) Reading comprehension: 
Read the article and choose the correct option.
1. The article says extreme weather is ...
 becoming more common.
 not a natural occurrence.
  difficult for scientists to understand.
2. According to the article, extreme weather is a problem because ...
 we can't predict it.
 it affects places where lots of people live.
 it’s often very destructive.

3. Extreme weather can by caused by ...

 satellites above the Earth.
 water vapour in the atmosphere.
 very hot summers.

Read the article again and choose the correct option.

4. Why was the rain in Nashville considered to be an extreme event?
 There was a lot of rain over a long time period.
 It doesn’t usually rain in Nashville.
 There was a lot of rain in a short time.

5. What happened after the extreme rain in Rio de Janeiro?

 There were major floods.
 There were many deaths.
 Millions of people were affected.

6. What caused many deaths in 2003?

 a period of hot weather
 floods that followed a bad summer
 a long drought

7. Which of these things is the basis of normal weather patterns?

 greenhouse gases
 human activity
 El Niño and La Niña

8. Where does atmospheric water vapour come from?

 the land
 the ocean
 greenhouse gases

9. We can use satellites to ...

 change where storms will happen.
 trap greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
 measure changes in atmospheric water vapour.

10. According to Michael Oppenheimer ...

 we don't understand extreme weather events.
 we can limit the effects of extreme weather.
 we can stop climate change.

Extra activities: 
Vocabulary practice
1 Complete the sentences with five of the words in the Keywords box. Each word is needed twice.
1 2016 is the 400th anniversary of the __________ of Shakespeare.
2 Cannes Film Festival is an annual cinema __________ in France.
3 I don’t cook – I just __________ up food in the microwave.
4 I like to __________ -cook vegetables. They taste better.
5 It’s good to get out in the __________ and go walking or cycling.
6 Our hotel room had no __________ conditioning and it was too hot to sleep.
7 Some tennis players had problems with the extreme __________ in the Australian competition.
8 The bathroom fills with __________ after my shower. I can’t see in the mirror.
9 The doctor said the cause of __________ was a heart attack.
10 The Olympic Games are the biggest sports __________ in the world.
Choose the correct option.
1 We had great weather / weathers on our summer holiday.
2 How much / How many water is in that bottle?
3 There’s danger of landslide / a landslide after this rain.
4 There is / There are a lot of steam in the kitchen!
5 We use a special system to measure rainfall / rainfalls.
6 We are organising some special event / events for our music festival.
7 There was / There were a severe drought in California last year.
8 I don’t like the heat / heats. I prefer winter.

Answer Key:

1-1, 2-3, 3-2, 4-3, 5-2,6-1,7-3,8-2, 9-3,10-2