PROBLEM 5: Stat Outputs

Table 6. Results on Test for Relationship between trophic state and the
different physicochemical parameters (n=201)

Phosphate
Test Statistic 𝜌 = 0.049ns
Strength and
TDS Direction
Test Statistic 𝜌 = 0.335***
Strength and
Nitrate Direction Weak Positive
Test Statistic 𝜌 = 0.457***
Strength and
DO Direction Moderate Positive
Test Statistic 𝜌 = −0.426***
Secchi Strength and
Depth Direction Moderate Negative

Legend:
ns = not significant (alpha > 0.05) * significant (0.01 < alpha ≤ 0.05)
** highly significant (alpha ≤ 0.01) *** highly significant (alpha ≤ 0.001
+ significant (0.05 <alpha ≤ 0.10)

PROBLEM 5. Statistical Outputs

5.a Descriptives for phosphate, TDS, nitrate, DO and Secchi

depth

Descriptives

Phosphate TDS Nitrate DO Secchi Depth

N 201 201 201 201 201

Mean 15.3 75.6 33.8 7.36 3.02
Standard deviation 8.45 47.0 19.3 0.519 2.08
Shapiro-Wilk W 0.971 0.848 0.944 0.887 0.893
Shapiro-Wilk p < .001 < .001 < .001 < .001 < .001
Correlation Matrix

Phosphate TDS Nitrate DO Secchi Depth

Phosphate Pearson's r —
p-value —
Spearman's rho —
p-value —

TDS Pearson's r 0.051 —

p-value 0.469 —
Spearman's rho 0.049 —
p-value 0.493 —

Nitrate Pearson's r 0.332 *** 0.150 * —

p-value < .001 0.034 —
Spearman's rho 0.335 *** 0.200 ** —
p-value < .001 0.004 —

DO Pearson's r 0.263 *** -0.196 ** -0.229 ** —

p-value < .001 0.005 0.001 —
Spearman's rho 0.457 *** -0.126 -0.108 —
p-value < .001 0.074 0.129 —

Secchi Depth Pearson's r -0.629 *** -0.250 *** -0.708 *** 0.130 —
p-value < .001 < .001 < .001 0.067 —
Spearman's rho -0.426 *** -0.278 *** -0.775 *** 0.106 —
p-value < .001 < .001 < .001 0.135 —

Note. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001

5.b1 Phosphate x TDS

Ho: 𝝆 = 𝟎
Ha: 𝝆 ≠ 𝟎
Test Statistic: 𝝆 = 0.049ns
Conclusion: Fail to Reject Ho. There is no significant
relationship between Phosphate and TDS.
5.b2 Phosphate x Nitrate
Ho: 𝝆 = 𝟎
Ha: 𝝆 ≠ 𝟎
Test Statistic: 𝝆 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑𝟓***
Conclusion: There is a significant weak positive relationship
between Phosphate and Nitrate. As Phosphate increases
Nitrate increases.

5.b3 Phosphate x DO
Ho: 𝝆 = 𝟎
Ha: 𝝆 ≠ 𝟎
Test Statistic: 𝝆 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟓𝟕***
Conclusion: There is a significant moderate positive
relationship between Phosphate and DO. As Phosphate
increases, DO increases.

5.b4 Phosphate x Secchi Depth

Ho: 𝝆 = 𝟎
Ha: 𝝆 ≠ 𝟎
Test Statistic: 𝝆 = −𝟎. 𝟒𝟐𝟔***
Conclusion: There is a significant moderate negative
relationship between Phosphate and Secchi depth. As
Phosphate increases, Secchi depth decreases.