KARNATAK LAW SOCIETY’S

GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

UDYAMBAG, BELAGAVI-590008
(An Autonomous Institution under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)
(APPROVED BY AICTE, NEW DELHI)
Department of Electronics and Communications

INTERNSHIP-I REPORT
TITLE: ELECTRONICS WORKSHOP

Submitted by
NAME OF THE CANDIDATE: Mr. Sagar Yadal
USN: 2GI21EC107

Guide
Prof. Priyanka Joshi

2021 – 2022
 Institute Vision

KLS Gogte Institute of Technology shall stand out as an institution of excellence in

technical education and in training individuals for outstanding caliber, character
coupled with creativity and entrepreneurial skills.

Mission

To train the students to become quality engineers with high standards of

professionalism and ethics who have positive attitude, a perfect blend of
techno-managerial skills and problem-solving ability with an analytical and
innovative mindset.

Department Vision:

The Electronics and Communications Engineering Department shall impart quality

technical education and entrepreneurship skills to develop creative individuals to
face changing global scenario.

Mission:

To train the students to become quality engineers with high

standards of professionalism and ethics to have positive attitude, a
perfect blend of techno-managerial skills and problem solving ability
with an analytical and innovative mindset.
 KARNATAK LAW SOCIETY’S
GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
UDYAMBAG, BELAGAVI-590008
(An Autonomous Institution under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)
(APPROVED BY AICTE, NEW DELHI)

Department of Electronics and Communications

Certificate of Completion
Certified that the Internship-I entitled Electronics Workshop done at KLS Gogte Institute of
Technology is a bonafide work carried out by Mr. Sagar Yadal, USN 2GI21EC107, in partial
fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics And Communications

The internship report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of
Internship-I prescribed for the said Degree.

Signature of the Guide Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal

SEE Viva-Voce

Name of the examiners Date of Viva -voce Signature

1.

2.

3.
 DECLARARTION BY THE STUDENT

I, Sagar Yadal, hereby declare that the internship report entitled Electronic Workshop
submitted by me to KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Belagavi, in partial fulfillment of the
Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Electronics And Communication is a record of the
internship carried out at KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Belagavi. This report is for the
academic purpose.

Place: KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Name of the student: Sagar

Yadal
Belagavi USN: 2GI21EC107
Date:

Signature of the student

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly I would like to thank Prof. Priyanka Joshi mam for

all the support and co-operation she has provided for the entire
duration of the internship. Her guidance has been of paramount
importance for me in order to achieve the objectives of the
internship.
I would also like to thank Prof. Vishweshkumar Aithal, Prof.
G.P. Kadam, Prof. Jyoti B.R. for their constant support without
which it would have been nearly impossible for me to complete
my internship.
Lastly, I would like to thank the support staff for their valuable
co-operation which helped me complete my projects without
much trouble.

Sagar Yadal

(Name of the Student)

 ABSTRACT
I, Sagar Yadal, of Electronics and Communications Interned
myself with several circuit connections. So we discussed about:

 Learned about Active and Passive components, Resistor and

Its types of capacitor transformers etc.
 The we learned about connections on breadboard understood
dual power supply working and measuring voltage and
current using multimeter.
 Measured forward and reverse character of particular
components. Used CRO.
 Learned Half wave rectifier and Full wave rectifier circuits
and also Transistor as an electronic switch.
 Learned how to use relay and connections of the relay and
also used the LDR and its application.
 Learnt about the connections and observe the symbols of
hexa-diagonal decimal digits.
 Learnt about HWR and FWR with capacitors, Rigged up the
circuits of IR transmitter using receiver module and its
working.
 Learnt about designing PCB on Eagle software and using IC
7476 for catching circuit.
 Rigged up both circuits on board and observed the output.
 Observed the checker and break failure indicator. And also
learned how to print the circuit on the clad board.
 Table of Contents

Chapter No. Content Page No.

Declaration i
Acknowledgement ii
Abstract iii
Table of Contents iv
List of Figures v
List of Tables vi

1. Internship Objectives 1

2. About the Department 2

3. Overview of the Internship Activities 3

3.1 Subheadings

4. Learning
4.1 Subheadings

5. Skills Acquired

6. Challenged Faced

7. References

8. Plagiarism Check Report

 List of Figures
Fig. No Name of the Figure Page No
1.1 EM Relay driver using Transistor 1
1.2 Driving LED using Relay 2
1.3 Automatic Street Light control 3
1.4 Electronic Automatic tool design 4
1.5 Demonstration of IR Transmitter receiver module 5
2.1 IC 555 as a square wave generation 6
2.2 Transistor of push pull configuration 7
 1. INTERNSHIP OBJECTIVES

 Learnt about the usage of breadboard

 Learnt about how to use the CRO for different

applications

 Learnt about HWR and FWR circuits

 Learnt how to use LDR circuits and its applications

 Learnt to design PCB’s on Eagle Software

 Learnt how to print the circuit on the clad board

 2. ABOUT THE DEPARTMENT

The department has expertise in the areas of Optical Fiber

Communication, DSP & Embedded systems, Microelectronics,
Instrumentation, VLSI, Computer Networking, Information Security,
Wireless Communication, Microwave Engineering etc.
What is the role of electronics and communication engineer?
Electronics and Communications Engineering (ECE) involves
researching, designing, developing, and testing of electronic equipment
used in various systems. Electronics and Communications engineers also
conceptualize and oversee the manufacturing of communications and
broadcast systems.
 3. OVERVIEW OF INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES

Date Title of the topic covered

10/10/22 Diode Characteristics
11/10/22 Surface Mount Devices
12/10/22 Component Testing using CRO
13/10/22 Half wave rectifier, Full wave rectifier
14/10/22 EM relay driver using transistor
15/10/22 Testing of common anode seven segment display using digital
trainer kit
17/10/22 Demonstration of IR transmitor reciever module and its
working
18/10/22 Designing PCB of Eagle Software and working of the PCB
19/10/22 IC 555 Timer as an a stable multi-vibrator square wave
generator/LED driver
20/10/22 Brake failure indication using IC555 timer
21/10/22 Transistor push pull configuration
 4. LEARNING

This section will include brief explanation about the topics learnt,
sketches/drawings, tabulations, calculations, and graphs, if any.

Zener Diode Characteristics:

A Zener diode operates just like a normal diode when it is forward-biased. However,
a small leakage current flows through the diode when connected in reverse biased
mode. As the reverse voltage increases to the predetermined breakdown voltage (Vz),
current starts flowing through the diode

Surface Mount Devices:

 Is a method in which the electrical components are mounted directly onto the surface of a
(PCB). An electrical component mounted in this manner is referred to as a surface-mount
device (SMD)

Component Testing Using CRO:

A component tester is used to test if components are working correctly in circuit. This is very
nice if you do electronic repairs.
 A component tester is used to test if components are working correctly in circuit. This is
very nice if you do electronic repairs. You can test components directly on a soldered PCB.

 Generally, CRO provides built-in electronic component tester in it , which is used for
instant display of a test pattern to indicate whether or not components are faulty.

 It can be used for quick checks of semiconductors (e.g. diodes and transistors),
resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Certain tests can also be made to integrated circuits. All
these components can be tested individually, or in circuit provided that it is non-powered.
 Half wave rectifier, Full wave

rectifier:

A Half-Wave rectifier is an electronic circuit which converts only one-half of the AC cycle into
pulsating DC. It utilizes only half of AC cycle for the conversion process. On the other hand,
Full wave rectifier is an electronic circuit which converts entire cycle of AC into Pulsating DC.

EM relay Driver using Transistor:

How does a transistor driver drive a relay?

Below is the circuit of a relay driver using the NPN transistor BC 548. The relay is connected
between the positive rail and the collector of the transistor. When the input signal passes
through the I K resistor to the base of the transistor, it conducts and pulls the relay.

Testing of common anode seven segment display using digital trainer kit:
 How to use the 4511 7-segment decoder/display driver IC
 Gain familiarity with the BCD code
 How to use 7-segment LED assemblies to create decimal digit displays
 How to identify and use both “active-low” and “active-high” logic inputs

Demonstration of IR transmitter receiver module and its working:

Designing PCB on Eagle software and working of the PCB:

Eagle is one of several PCB layout programs that you can get for free (other programs include
KiCad and DipTrace). The free version of Eagle is somewhat limited in what it can do,
DipTrace slightly more so. KiCad is open-source, and hence is completely free.
I use Eagle because its limitations are reasonable for what I need to do, and I believe that it has a
better interface than KiCad.

IC 555 Timer As an A-stable Multi-vibrator Square wave Generator /LED

Driver:

The 555 Timer IC can be connected either in its Monostable mode thereby producing a
precision timer of a fixed time duration, or in its Bistable mode to produce a flip-flop type
switching action. But we can also connect the 555 timer IC in an Astable mode to produce a very
stable 555 Oscillator circuit for generating highly accurate free running waveforms whose
output frequency can be adjusted by means of an externally connected RC tank circuit consisting
of just two resistors and a capacitor.
 Break failure indication using IC 555:

The 555 Timer operates in Astable mode to produce clock pulse and the BC557 PNP
Transistor monitors the Brake wire and decides which led should glow. 555 Timers in
Astable Mode: The Astable mode in a 555 timer is mainly used for Blinking LEDs or to do some
periodic Turn On and Turn off actions.

Transistor push pull configuration:

Push-Pull Amplifier is a power amplifier which is used to supply high power to the load. It
consists of two transistors in which one is NPN and another is PNP. One transistor pushes the
output on positive half cycle and other pulls on negative half cycle, this is why it is known as
Push-Pull Amplifier
 SKILLS ACQUIRED

In this internship I have learnt about :

 Active and Passive components

 Connections on Bread board

 Dual power supply working and measuring voltage and current using multi-
meter

 To Rig-up the circuit and to find outform

 Measurement of HWR and FWR characteristic of particular components

 To use CRO for different application

 Working and connection of relay

 To use LDR and its application

 Seven Segment Display using digital trainer kit

 Designing PCB on Eagle Software

 Using IC 7476 for catching circuit

 Print circuits on Clad board .

 6. CHALLENGES FACED
I had no proper knowledge about Bread board connections, PCB and Eagle Software before this
internship

After the internship with proper guidance of professors I am now able to do all the connections
and maintain a proper software design on Eagle software.
 7. REFERENCES

 Incase of books/published papers etc, it should be in the following

format:
Name of the author(s), Title of the book/paper, Name of the publisher,
year of publishing, Edition/Page Nos.
 Incase of e-resources, Provide the complete weblink and not just
google.com.
8. PLAGIARISM CHECK REPORT