1 S EC TI ON 02777

2 CLOSE TOLERANCE HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING FOR GRAVITY MAINS

3 PART 1 - GENERAL

4 1.01 DESCRIPTION

5 A. Scope of Work: Furnish and install underground gravity sanitary sewer mains using the
6 close tolerance horizontal directional drilling (HDD) method of installation, which is also
7 referred to as "ArrowBore" directional boring or guided horizontal boring for gravity
8 mains. This Work shall include all piping services, equipment, materials, and labor for
9 the complete and proper installation, testing, restoration of underground utilities,
10 environmental protection, and site restoration.

11 1.02 QUALITY ASSURANCE

12 A. Qualifications:
13 1. The Contractor shall have a minimum of 3-years experience or be trained and
14 licensed to provide trenchless services with available technology within the industry.
15 The Contractor should have experience and training in this specialized method of
16 HDD. The Contractor's crew leader shall have completed a minimum of 5 similar
17 installations or there shall be a consultant experienced with close tolerance horizontal
18 directional drilling (HDD) method on the job. The similar installations shall consist
19 of critical line, grade, and tight fitted boreholes for gravity flow applications in an
20 urbanized area with geological conditions similar to those at the site.
21 2. The Contractor shall submit the names of the directional boring machine operator and
22 directional boring machine navigational equipment operator. Both of these
23 individuals shall have a minimum of 3-years each of directional boring experience
24 and a minimum of 1-year each in critical line and grade installations.
25 3. The Contractor shall submit the planned procedure in writing for performing the bore
26 within the allowable tolerances as specified herein and in Section 02774 "Wastewater
27 Gravity Collection System." At a minimum, the procedure shall include the
28 following:
29 a. Verification method for pilot bore location. The Contractor shall provide a means
30 for accurately verifying the location of the pilot bore at certain points throughout
31 the bore.
32 b. Verification must be by visible detection or physical measurement along with the
33 use of existing electronic detection. If electronic detection alone is to be used, the
34 manufacturer of the electronic detection equipment must supply a guarantee that
35 the equipment is accurate within 0.1-feet at all points throughout the bore.

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 1 c. Pilot bore stem placement and stability: The Contractor shall provide a method
2 that provides a high probability that pilot bore stem will remain in the correct
3 alignment prior to back reaming. Such methods may consist of slow or no
4 rotation of the pilot stem that is in contact with the in-situ soil in a way that does
5 not inhibit the pilot bore process.
6 4. The Contractor shall be responsible to make all normal and customary examinations
7 of the site conditions to determine the efficacy of this boring method.
8 5. Depths and grades shall be as shown on the plans.
9 6. The Contractor shall submit manufacturer's specifications for the navigational
10 equipment that details the precisions of the beacon and maximum line and grade
11 deviations.

12 1.03 SHOP DRAWINGS AND SUBMITTALS

13 A. Submittals shall be submitted to the County for review and acceptance prior to
14 construction in accordance with the General Conditions and specifications Section 01300
15 "Submittals."
16 1. Work Plan
17 2. Pipe
18 3. Couplings
19 4. Training and experience of directional boring machine operator
20 5. Directional drilling equipment specifications including calibration records
21 6. Items described in 1.02 A.3b, 3c and 6 of the previous section

22 B. Prior to beginning Work, the Contractor must submit a work plan to the County detailing
23 the procedure and schedule to be used to execute the Project. The work plan should
24 include the following:
25 1. A description of all equipment to be used
26 2. Down-hole tools
27 3. A list of personnel and their qualifications and experience
28 4. List of Subcontractors
29 5. A schedule of work activity
30 6. A safety plan
31 7. A traffic control plan
32 8. An environmental protection plan and
33 9. Contingency plans for possible problems

34 C. Equipment:
35 1. The Contractor will submit specifications on directional drilling equipment to be used
36 to ensure that the equipment will be adequate to complete the Project. Equipment
37 shall include but not be limited to the following:
38 a. Drilling rig
39 b. Mud system
40 c. Mud motors (if applicable)
41 d. Down-hole tools

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 1 e. Guidance system and
2 f. Rig safety system
3 2. Calibration records for guidance equipment shall be included. Specifications for any
4 drilling fluid additives that the Contractor intends to use or might use shall be
5 submitted.

6 PART 2 - PRODUCTS

7 2.01 GENERAL

8 A. All material supplied shall be one of the products specified in Appendix D "List of
9 Approved Products" appended to these technical specifications.

10 B. The directional drilling equipment shall consist of the following:

11 1. A directional drilling rig of sufficient capacity to perform the bore and pullback
12 operations
13 2. A drilling fluid mixing, delivery, and recovery system of sufficient capacity to
14 complete the drilling
15 3. A drilling fluid recycling system to remove solids from the drilling fluid so that the
16 fluid can be reused
17 4. A magnetic guidance system to accurately guide boring operations
18 5. A strike alert safety warning system
19 6. A vacuum truck of sufficient capacity to handle the drilling fluid volume
20 7. Trained and competent personnel to operate the system

21 C. All equipment shall be in good, safe operating condition with sufficient supplies,
22 materials, and spare parts on hand to maintain the system in proper working order.

23 2.02 DRILLING SYSTEM

24 A. The directional drilling machine shall consist of a hydraulically powered system to rotate,
25 push, and pull hollow drill pipe into the ground at a variable angle while delivering a
26 pressurized fluid mixture to a guidable drill (bore) head. The machine shall be anchored
27 to the ground to withstand the pulling, pushing, and rotating pressure required to
28 complete the line segment. The hydraulic power system shall be self-contained with
29 sufficient pressure and volume to power drilling operations. The hydraulic system shall
30 be free of leaks. The rig shall have a system to monitor and record maximum pullback
31 pressure during pullback operations. The rig shall be grounded during drilling and
32 pullback operations. There shall be a system to detect electrical current from the drilling
33 string and an audible alarm that automatically sounds when an electrical current is
34 detected.

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 1 2.03 PIPE

2 A. Pipe shall be PVC pipe with ductile iron pipe outside diameters in accordance with
3 AWWA C900. The dimension ratio shall be verified by the Contractor based on the pipe,
4 joint, and material pull strength required for the directional drilling.
5 1. PVC restrained joint pipe shall have maximum dimension ratios equal to the
6 following table.
7
8
Table 02777-1
Maximum Dimension Ratios for PVC Pipe
Type of Pipe System Maximum Dimension Ratio
Wastewater 18
9
10 2. PVC pipe shall meet the requirements of AWWA C900 (C905). The pipe shall be
11 joined using separate couplings that have beveled edges, built-in sealing gaskets, and
12 restraining grooves or steel ring-and-pin gasket joints. The restraining splines shall
13 be square and made from Nylon 101.
14 3. Pipe and couplings shall be Underwriters Laboratory and Factory Mutual approved.

15 2.04 LOCATING WIRE

16 A. Locating wire shall be 10-gauge continuous single strand solid core copper wire with
17 non-metallic insulation.

18 B. Color-coding shall be similar to pipeline identification colors.

19 C. A minimum of 3 locating wires shall be attached with nylon wire ties at different radial
20 locations around the pipe to ensure continuity in at least 1 wire subsequent to installation.
21 Contractor shall be required to provide as many wires as necessary to maintain continuity
22 throughout the length of the directional bore. Failure of continuous continuity in the
23 locating wire shall result in abandonment and reinstallation of the directional drill at the
24 discretion of the County.

25 2.05 DRILLING FLUIDS

26 A. Drilling fluids shall consist of a mixture of potable water and gel-forming colloidal
27 material, such as bentonite or a polymer surfactant mixture producing a slurry of custard-
28 like consistency.

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 1 PART 3 - EXECUTION

2 3.01 PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS

3 A. Responsible representatives of the Contractor and Subcontractor(s) shall be present at all

4 times during directional drilling operations. A responsible representative as specified
5 herein is defined as a person experienced in the type of work being performed and who
6 has the authority to represent the Contractor in a routine decision making capacity
7 concerning the manner and method of carrying out the Work.

8 B. The Contractor and Subcontractor(s) shall have a sufficient number of competent workers
9 on the Project at all times to ensure the utility placement is made in a timely, satisfactory
10 manner. Adequate personnel for carrying out all phases of the directional drilling
11 operation (where applicable: tunneling system operators, operator for removing spoil
12 material, and laborers as necessary for various related tasks) must be on the job site at the
13 beginning of the Work. A competent and experienced supervisor representing the
14 Contractor or Subcontractor that is thoroughly familiar with the equipment and type of
15 work to be performed must be in direct charge and control of the operation at all times.
16 In all cases, the supervisor must be continually present at the project site during the
17 directional drilling operation.

18 3.02 WORK PLAN

19 A. Work plan should be comprehensive, realistic, and based on actual working conditions
20 for this particular Project. The plan should document the requirements to complete the
21 Project.

22 3.03 COORDINATION OF THE WORK

23 A. The Contractor shall notify the County at least 3-days in advance of starting Work. In
24 addition, the actual operation shall not begin until the County is present at the project site
25 and agrees that proper preparations for the Work have been made. The County's approval
26 for beginning the Work shall in no way relieve the Contractor from the ultimate
27 responsibility for the completion of the Work.

28 B. The Contractor and the County shall select a mutually convenient time for the operation
29 to begin in order to avoid schedule conflicts.

30 3.04 PROCEDURE

31 A. The installation of appropriate safety and warning devices in accordance with the "FDOT
32 Manual on Traffic Control and Safe Practices" shall be completed prior to beginning
33 Work.

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 1 3.05 INSTALLATION

2 A. Erosion and sedimentation control measures and on-site containers shall be installed to
3 prevent drilling mud from spilling out of entry and/or exit pits. Drilling mud will be
4 disposed of off-site in accordance with local, state, and federal requirements and/or
5 permit conditions.
6 1. Unintended surfacing of drilling fluid shall be contained at the point of discharge and
7 recycled or removed from the site.
8 2. No other chemicals or polymer surfactant shall be used in the drilling fluid without
9 written consent of the County and after a determination is made that the chemicals to
10 be added are not harmful or corrosive to the facility and are environmentally safe.
11 3. All drilling fluid and fluid additives shall be disclosed, and Material Safety Data
12 Sheets (MSDS) shall be provided to the County upon request.

13 B. Pilot Hole: Pilot hole shall be drilled on bore path with no deviations greater than 1-inch
14 over a length of 100-feet. In the event that pilot does deviate from bore path more than 1-
15 inch of depth in 100-feet, the Contractor will notify the County. The County may require
16 the Contractor to pullback and re-drill from the location along bore path before the
17 deviation.

18 C. Reaming: Upon successful completion of pilot hole, the Contractor will ream borehole to
19 a minimum of 1% greater than outside diameter of pipe using the appropriate tools.
20 Contractor will not attempt to ream at one time more than the drilling equipment and mud
21 system are designed to safely handle.
22 1. The Contractor shall not leave any unfilled reamed boreholes. All reamed boreholes
23 that are not used for pipe placement shall be grouted with a mixture that meets the
24 County's approval. In general, this applies to boreholes that are created by pulling the
25 pipe from the ground surface rather from a pilot pit, but may apply elsewhere. The
26 displaced volume for pilot bore stems alone is not of sufficient volume to require
27 grouting.
28 2. Any sight relief holes used to visibly verify the location of the pilot bore stem shall be
29 filled with an earthen material unless they are located in areas that receive traffic
30 bearing loads in which case they shall be filled with "flowable fill."

31 D. Pullback: After successfully reaming borehole to the required diameter, Contractor will
32 pull the pipe through the borehole. In front of the pipe will be a swivel and barrel reamer
33 to compact borehole walls. Once pullback operations have commenced, operations must
34 continue without interruption until pipe is completely pulled into borehole. During pull-
35 back operations, the Contractor shall not apply more than the maximum safe pipe pull
36 pressure at any time. A break away head rated at the maximum safe pull pressure shall
37 be utilized.

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 1 E. As-built variance from the designed bore path shall not exceed 1-inch in the vertical
2 plane and 1-inch in the horizontal plane. The Contractor shall submit any proposed
3 deviations from the design bore path with Shop Drawings.

4 F. The pipe entry area shall be graded to provide support for the pipe to allow free
5 movement into the borehole. The pipe shall be guided in the borehole to avoid
6 deformation or damage to the pipe.

7 G. If unexpected subsurface conditions are encountered during the bore, the procedure shall
8 be stopped. The installation shall not continue until the County has been consulted.

9 H. The pipe shall be pulled back through the borehole using the wet insertion construction
10 technique.

11 I. The pipe shall be installed in a manner that does not cause upheaval, settlement, cracking,
12 movement, or distortion of surface features.

13 J. A boring log shall be kept with horizontal and vertical location every 10-feet. The
14 horizontal location of the bore shall be marked in the field during the bore. The Surveyor
15 shall locate these marks and include this information with the bore depths in the Record
16 Drawings. The Surveyor may make a note on the Drawing page containing the
17 directional drill and provide an exception for the directional drill only, as the directional
18 drill route cannot be uncovered and physically located.

19 3.06 SEWER SERVICE LATERALS AND CONNECTIONS

20 A. Existing service connections shall be located before initiating sewer main replacement
21 operations. Service laterals shall not be reconnected to the new sewer line until
22 replacement and testing are completed. Any services remaining off line for an extended
23 period of time, or any connections as deemed necessary by the County to protect the
24 customer, shall be bypass pumped until such time that they can be reconnected.

25 B. Connection of the new service lateral (ASTM D-3034 SDR 26PVC Pipe) to the new
26 sewer main shall be accomplished by use of a watertight compression-fit service
27 connection. The service connection shall be specifically designed for connecting to the
28 PVC sewer main being installed, and shall be INSERTA TEE as manufactured by Insert
29 Tee Fittings, Inc., Hillsboro, Oregon, or an approved equal.

30 C. Surface materials that have been removed for excavation purposes shall be replaced to
31 the condition they were in prior to excavation. Affected grassed area shall be sodded.

32 D. Payment for replacement/reconnection of service laterals shall be at the unit price for
33 each as outlined in the Bid Proposal and shall include all labor and materials, excavation,
34 location of service, backfill, compaction, pavement removal and replacement, and
35 grassing.

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1 3.07 FIELD TESTING

2 A. Close tolerance horizontal directional drilled gravity mains shall be inspected, gauged
3 and tested in accordance with Specification Section 02774 "Wastewater Gravity
4 Collection System" paragraph 3.03.
5

6 END OF SECTION

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