CHAPTER 2

DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This section presents the research design, population and

locale of the study, data gathering tools, data gathering

procedure and treatment of the data.

Research Design

Descriptive Survey Design will be used by the researchers

for the variety for theoretical approaches, sampling techniques

and data collection strategies.

Population and Locale of the Study

The respondents will be the 48 ROTC officers enrolled in

ROTC during the first semester 2022-2023.

A simple random will be used in order to know the number of

respondents of the study

Simple random is a technique in which individual respondents

are chosen in such way that each has an equal chance of being

selected, and each choice is independent of any other choice. It

is under the probability sampling which each member of the

population being selected can be specified.

Data Gathering Tool

The Data needed in this study will be gathered through

distribution of questionnaire, a close form questionnaire

 Design and Methodology 12

requires respondents to indicate responses by checking to items

or statements.

The questionnaire is composed of specific set of questions

under each statement of the problem on gender awareness among

ROTC officers.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher head first for the approval of the letter

from their adviser and dean of the department for further

suggestions, improvements and revisions.

The researchers will provide the questionnaire to those ROTC

officers because of their involvement in this study and in charge

for informal interview.

Treatment of the Data

The data consist of participants observation, field notes

and questionnaire to be distributed to this research study.

Inferential statistics is used in analyzing the data gathered.

Inferential statistics are the statistical procedures that are

used to reach conclusions about associations between variables.

Inferential statistics are often used to compare the differences

between the treatment groups. Inferential statistics use

measurements from the sample of subjects I the experiment to

compare the treatment groups and make generalizations about the

larger population of subjects.

 Design and Methodology 13

Ethical Consideration

In the process of conducting the research study, the

researchers strictly observed the following;

The names of the respondents will be optional for their

safety wherein they can choose whether to write their name or not

but rest assured that whatever data that will be collected will

be kept as a matter of confidentiality.

The researchers will not tell any statement or raise any

questions that will physically and emotionally harm the

respondents.

The researchers will give a summary of the contents of the

research study and explained it to the respondents before the

researchers proceed with the interview.

Stating the references will be observed to avoid copyright

issues.

A brief introduction about the research interview guide will

be presented before the researchers proceed with the interview.

The research instrument was validated first and the

suggestions will be incorporated in the instrument.

 Design and Methodology 14

NAME(optional):__________________________________

Instruction: Put a check mark [√] in the appropriate box and column each of the given
items. Please check only one.

1. Profile of the respondents in terms of:

A. GENDER

Transgender
Female Lesbian
Male Bisexual Gay
B. CLASS/ RANK CLASSIFICATION

1st 2nd

2. Level of gender awareness of ROTC Officers

4- Very Much Aware 3- Much Aware 2- Moderately Aware 1- Not Aware

Organizational Structure 4 3 2 1

1. Officer’s concerns were address during training days and

or quartering.
2. A Field activity during training days and quartering is
gender sensitive.
3. During quartering, female officers allow to take their
duties as per instruction.
4. The maximum push-ups and sit-ups were observed in the field
of physical fitness test during training.
5. The instruction given during quartering is gender
sensitive.
6. The female officers allowed volunteered participating in
some male officers job during training days or activities
in ROTC Programs.
7. During quartering, ROTC activities and training days has
assessment includes gender consideration.
8. The barracks inspection is gender sensitive during
quartering.
9. The punishment or consequence (exercise) given during ROTC
training and quartering is gender sensitive.
10. The instruction given during ROTC training is gender
sensitive.
 Design and Methodology 15

REFERENCES

Books

Office of the Army Chief Historian (2011), History of the

Philippine Army, Volume II , Fort Bonifacio , Taguig City Metro
Manila

Tabije,Andin and De Leon Hector S(1999), Philippine Constitution,

Manila. Rex Bookstore .

Vargas, Edwin H (1999), Reservist and Retiree Affairs, HPA, ACS

G10, Fort Bonifacio , Taguig City Metro Manila.

Online Sources

Tullao, Marvin R. (2020 April 7). Gender Awareness of ROTC cadets

of Bulacan State University.
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3570377

Silva, Jennifer A. (2008 December ). A New Generation of Women?:

How Female ROTC Cadets Negotiate the Tension between Masculine
Military Culture and Traditional Feminity.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236814469_A_New_Generati
on_of_Women_How_Female_ROTC_Cadets_Negotiate_the_Tension_between_
Masculine_Military_Culture_and_Tradition_Feminity

Mahoney, Darbara J. (2012), “ Gender and Leadership: Female ROTC

cadets Perceptions of Gender and Military Leadership”,
Dissertation, Georgia State University.
https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/eps_diss/90
 Design and Methodology 16

Quadra-Balibay, Aurora (2018), “ AFP Intensifies Gender Equality

for Woman in the Military Ranks”
https://www.goodnewspilipinas.com/afp-intensifies-gender-
equality-for-womenin-the-military-ranks/retrived 06 April 2020

Tullao,Marvin R. (2019), “Perception of Criminology Students

Towards ROTC Program of Bulacan State University”, Sociology of
Education eJournal Volume 2 Issue 57,September 19,2019.

Santos, David (2017 February 23). ROTC commanders,lawmakers step-

up for mandatory implementation.
https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2017/02/23/rotc-summit-
commanders-lawmakers.html

Journal

Republic Act No. 7077.

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1991/06/27/republic-act-no-
7077/