Deepak Yadav Education

Deepak Yadav Education

Purple Revolution
 GS Paper – 3
❖Quick Facts For
Prelims
❖Agricultural
Marketing
❖Agricultural Pricing
❖Agricultural
Resources
• Why in News?
• The Union State Minister for
Science and Technology stated
that the Purple Revolution offers
attractive StartUp avenues.
• The Ministry of Science and
Technology initiated the Purple
Revolution or Lavender
Revolution in 2016 through
the Aroma Mission of
• the Council of Scientific and
Industrial Research (CSIR).
• What is Purple Revolution?
• About:
• It aims to promote the
indigenous aromatic crop-
based agro-economy by
shifting from foreign
aromatics to homegrown
kinds.
• First-time producers were
offered free lavender
seedlings as part of the goal,
and those who had previously
produced lavender were paid
Rs. 5-6 per plant.
• The CSIR-Aroma Indian
Institute of Integrative
Medicine (IIIM)’s Initiative
have begun lavender
cultivation in the Ramban
• district of Jammu and
Kashmir.
• Lavender farming is done
in nearly all of Jammu and
Kashmir’s 20 districts.
• Particularly, the
districts of Kathua,
Udhampur, Doda,
Kishtwar, Rajouri,
Srinagar, Bandipora,
Budgam, Ganderbal,
 • Anantnag, Kulgam,
Baramulla etc. have
made huge progress in
this direction.
• Products:
• The main product
is Lavender oil which sells
for at least Rs. 10,000 per
litre
• Lavender water, which
separates from lavender oil,
 • is used to make incense sticks.
• Hydrosol, which is formed after
distillation from the flowers, is
used to make soaps and room
fresheners.
• Significance:
• It is significant since it aligns
with the government’s objective
of doubling agricultural
earnings by 2022.
• It would provide a livelihood for
aspiring farmers and agri-
entrepreneurs, as well
as strengthen the Start-
Up India programme and
encourage an entrepreneurial
spirit in the region.
• Over 500 young people benefited
from the purple revolution, which
eventually led to the doubling of
their income.
 • Agricultural development is one of
the most powerful tools to end
economic constraints, boost
shared prosperity and feed a
projected 9.7 billion people by
2050.
• What is Aroma Misson?
• The CSIR Aroma Mission aims to
bring about transformational change
in the aroma sector by implementing
targeted interventions in agricultural,
• processing, and product development in order to
boost the aroma industry's growth and rural
employment.
• It will encourage the development of aromatic
crops for the production of essential oils, which
are in high demand in the aroma sector.
• It is anticipated that Indian farmers and the
aroma business will be able to become
worldwide leaders in the production and export of
various essential oils in the menthol mint pattern.
• Aroma Mission is drawing entrepreneurs and
• farmers from all across the
country. CSIR assisted in
the cultivation of 6000 hectares of
land in 46 Aspirational
districts across the country during
Phase I.
• In addition, almost 44,000
employees were trained. The CSIR
has started Phase II of the Aroma
Mission, which will include over
45,000 skilled human resources and help
over 75,000 farming families.
Namdapha National Park
 GS Paper – 3
❖Quick Facts For
Prelims
❖Conservation
Why in News?
The Changlang district
administration has
declared cultivation of large
cardamom in the
Namdapha National Park
(NP) illegal.
What are the Key Points
About Namdapha National
Park?
• About:
• Namdapha is in fact the name
of a river originating in the park
and it meets Noa-Dehing river.
• The Noa-Dehing river, is a
tributary of the Brahmaputra
and flows in a North-South
direction in the middle of the
National Park.
• Climate:
 • Enjoys the sub-tropical
climate. The mountainous
part has a mountain type of
climate while the low-lying
plains and valleys experience
tropical climate.
• Location:
• It is located in the State
of Arunachal Pradesh and it
covers 1,985 sq km.
• It lies in close proximity to
• Indo-Myanmar-China
trijunction.
• The park is located between
the Dapha bum range of the
Mishmi Hills and the Patkai
range.
• It the fourth largest national
park in India.
• The first three are Hemis
National Park in
Ladakh, Desert National
 • Park in Rajasthan, and Gangotri
National Park in Uttarakhand.
• Legal Status:
• It was established as a national
park in 1983, and it was declared
as a Tiger Reserve in the same
year of 1983 in the same year.
• It is also on the Tentative Lists
of UNESCO World Heritage
Sites in India.
• Biodiversity:
• This protected area has more than
1000 floral species and more than
1400 faunal species.
• It is also a part of biodiversity
hotspot.
• It is only park in the World to have
the four Feline species of big
cat namely the Tiger (Panthera
Tigris), Leopard (Panthera
Pardus), Snow Leopard (Panthera
Uncia) and Clouded
Leopard (Neofelis Nebulosa).
 • It is also famous for Critically
Endangered species like the
Namdapha flying squirrel, species
that was last spotted in 1981.
• Hoolock Gibbons, the only ‘ape’
species found in India is found in
this National Park.
• Vegetation: The vegetation is
characteristic of tropical evergreen
forests (Tropical Rain Forests)
• What are the Other Protected
Areas in Arunachal Pradesh?

• Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary.

• Mouling National Park
• Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary.
• Itanagar Wildlife Sanctuary.
• Eagle Nest Wildlife Sanctuary.
Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
 GS Paper – 1 & 3
❖Achievements of
Indians in Science &
Technology
❖Important
Personalities
• Why in News?
• Recently, the Prime
Minister paid tribute to the
former President APJ
Abdul Kalam on his
90th birth anniversary.

Who was Dr A. P. J. Abdul

Kalam?
• About:
• Born on 15th October 1931 at
Rameswaram in Tamil Nadu.
• His birth anniversary is
celebrated as the National
Innovation Day and World
Students' Day.
• He graduated in Science from St
Joseph's College, Trichy in 1954
and specialized in Aeronautical
Engineering from Madras Institute
of Technology (MIT) in 1957.
• He is one of the most
distinguished scientists of
India with the unique honour
of receiving honorary
doctorates from 48
Universities and institutions
from India and abroad.
• He was sworn in as India’s
11th President in 2002 and
completed the full term in
2007.
 • He planned programmes to
produce a number of successful
missiles, which helped earn him
the nickname “Missile Man of
India”.
• Awards Received:
• He was awarded the coveted
civilian awards - Padma
Bhushan (1981) and Padma
Vibhushan (1990) and the
highest civilian award Bharat
Ratna (1997).
• Literary Works:
• "Wings of Fire", "India 2020 -
A Vision for the New
Millennium", "My journey"
and "Ignited Minds -
Unleashing the power within
India", "Indomitable Spirit",
"Guiding Souls", "Envisioning
an Empowered Nation",
"Inspiring Thoughts" etc.
• Death:
 • 27th July 2015 at Shillong,
Meghalaya.
• What has been the Contribution of Dr
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam?
• His Contribution:
• Pioneer in Fiberglass
Technology:
• He was a pioneer in
fiberglass technology and
led a young team to
initiate this effort
in ISRO from
 • design, development
leading to the production
of composites rocket
motor cases.
• Satellite Launch Vehicle
(SLV-3):
• He made a significant
contribution as Project
Director to develop
India's first indigenous
Satellite Launch Vehicle
• (SLV-3) which successfully
injected the Rohini satellite
into Near-Earth Orbit in
July 1980 and made India
an exclusive member of
Space Club.
• He was responsible for the
evolution of ISRO's launch
vehicle programme,
particularly the PSLV
configuration.
• Indigenous Guided Missiles:
• After working for two
decades in ISRO and
mastering launch vehicle
technologies, he took up
the responsibility of
developing Indigenous
Guided Missiles at the
DRDO.
• He was the Chief
Executive
 • of Integrated Guided
Missile Development
Programme (IGMDP).
• He led to the weaponization
of strategic missile
systems and the Pokhran-II
nuclear tests in
collaboration with the
Department of Atomic
Energy, which
 • made India a nuclear weapon
State.
• Technology Vision 2020:
• In 1998, he put forward a
countrywide plan
called Technology Vision
2020, which he described as a
road map for transforming
India from a less-developed to
a developed society in 20
years.
• The plan called for,
among other
measures, increasing
agricultural
productivity,
emphasising
technology as a
vehicle for economic
growth, and widening
access to health care
and education.
• Medical and Healthcare:
• APJ Abdul Kalam in
collaboratation with
cardiologist B. Soma
Raju designed a cost-
effective coronary stent
known as ‘Kalam-Raju-
Stent’ for coronary heart
disease which made
healthcare accessible to
all.
 • The device led to
reduction of prices of
imported coronary
stents in India by more
than 50%.
• Light Combat Aircraft
project:
• He was deeply involved
in the country’s Light
Combat Aircraft project.
• He had been associated
with avionics. He also
became the first Indian
Head of State to fly a
fighter plane. His
first aeronautical
project led him to
designing India’s first
indigenous hovercraft
‘Nandi”.
• A hovercraft is a
 • vehicle that can
travel over land,
water, mud and ice
by lifting itself off the
ground with large
blowers that create
an air cushion
beneath the craft.
• Others:
• He was passionate
about bringing rural
• prosperity through PURA
(Providing Urban Amenities
to Rural Areas), in which
science and technology has
to play a key role.
Mangalyaan Mission Over
 GS Paper – 3
❖Space
Technology
❖Technology
Missions
• Why in News?
• The Indian Space
Research Organization
(ISRO) confirmed that
the Mars Orbiter craft has
lost communication and is
non-recoverable and the
Mangalyaan mission has
attained end-of-life.
• Despite being designed
for a life-span of six
• months as a technology
demonstrator, the Mars Orbiter
Mission (MOM) has lived for about
eight years in the Martian orbit.
• What caused the End of MOM?
• Because of propellant (fuel)
exhaustion the desired altitude
pointing could not be achieved for
sustained power generation and it
lost communication from the
ground station.
• Recently there were back-to-back
eclipses including one that lasted
seven-and-half hours because
that satellite has consumed all
the propellant on board.
• As the satellite battery is
designed to handle eclipse
duration of only about one
hour and 40 minutes, a longer
eclipse would drain the battery
beyond the safe limit.
• What is MOM?
• About:
• The Rs 450 crore Mars Orbiter
Mission was launched
onboard PSLV-C25 on
5th November, 2013, and
the MOM spacecraft was
successfully inserted into the
Martian orbit in September,
2014 in its first attempt.
• Mangalyaan was India's
first interplanetary mission.
• The mission made India the
first Asian country, and the
fourth in the world
after Roscosmos, NASA
(National Aeronautics and
Space Administration), and
the European Space
Agency, to get to the planet.
• China referred to India's
successful Mangalyaan
 • as the "Pride of Asia".
• Description:
• It carried 850 kg of fuel and 5
science payloads including a
Mars Color Camera
(MCC) which it was using to
study the Martian surface and
atmosphere since entering
orbit successfully.
• The highly elliptical orbit
geometry of MOM
• enabled MCC to take
snapshots of the 'Full
disc' of Mars at its
farthest point and finer
details from the closest
point.
• The MCC has produced
more than 1000
images and published a
Mars Atlas.
 • Other instruments are: Thermal
Infrared Imaging Spectrometer
(TIS), Methane Sensor for Mars
(MSM), Mars Exospheric Neutral
Composition Analyser (MENCA)
and Lyman Alpha Photometer
(LAP).
• Objectives:
• It was aimed at studying the
Martian atmosphere.
• To explore Martian
surface features, mineralogy,
morphology and atmosphere
using indigenous scientific
instruments.
• A crucial objective of MOM was
to develop technologies
required in planning,
designing, management and
operations of an interplanetary
mission.
• What is the Future Indian Mars
Mission?
• ISRO came out with an
'Announcement of Opportunity'
(AO) for future Mars Orbiter
Mission (MOM-2) in 2016 but
'Gaganyaan', 'Chandrayaan-3'
and 'Aditya - L1' projects are in
the current priority list.
• Mangalyaan-2 will only be
an orbiter mission.
Thank You