THE

FOUNDATION
OF
CHRISTIAN
MORAL
CHRISTIAN LIVING
LIVING
10
QUART
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SUBJECT TEACHER SIR RENZ
 LESSON 1 CHRISTIAN MORAL LIFE
Objectives Define the Christian Moral life from a worldly life

Christian Moral Living and the Human Person

Christian Moral Life is about the Gospel. It is about growing in love and holiness. It is
the process of becoming authentically human.
Is the commitment through, word, and action to the ongoing process of freeing oneself
from the enslaving sin and becoming a true disciple of Christ. Christ is he who “from we
go forth, through who we live, and toward whom our journey leads us”
Is living the message of the Gospel. The Gospel is about the Kingdom of God Calling
each person to love and be holy.
It involves being sincere and mature in following Christ. “Be perfect, just as your
heavenly Father is perfect”. Christ calls everyone, not to be like God the Father but for a
whole-life transformation. The Greek word teleios, which means “perfect” usually refers
to maturity or wholeness.
The Human Person

The Human Person

the human person is the key to a moral life. Understanding the human person will shed
light on how one can receive and respond to this call.
The Christian moral life is a call to live the life exemplified by Jesus Christ. It is a call to
become a loving person in relation to God, the community, and the environment.
The Church teaches that “All human rights, personal and social, all moral duties and
responsibilities, all virtues and moral character- all depend directly on the answers that
we give to the questions: Who am I as a person in the community? As a disciple of
Jesus Christ in his Church?”

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Where do we start to understand the human person? For Christians, it is in Jesus
Christ. “In Christ and through Christ, we have acquired full awareness of our dignity, of
the heights to which we are raised, of the meaning of our existence” (RH 11). In Jesus
Christ, all persons are children of God through faith.

THE HUMAN PERSON: OPEN AND RELATIONAL

Whenever a child behaves possibly or negatively, the family is primarily considered
responsible. The parents are made accountable for the kind of person the child is. This
experience reveals that persons, by nature, are open and relational.
The person’s nature as open and relational can be tracked back in Genesis 2:18, when
God said that is not God said that it is not good for man to be alone. He would make a
helper suitable for him.
In Genesis 2:21-22, God took out one of man’s ribs and formed the rib that he had
taken from the man into a woman. God created male and female (cf. Genesis 1:27) so
that they may support and nature each other.
The Church teaches that “we grow into our full selves as persons only in relating to
others… We realize being a person means being by others (our conception, birth,
upbringing), being with others(our family, friends, neighbors, business associates), and
being for others (love, service)” (CFC687
Being BY, being WITH, and being For speak of truth that a person is a product of the
past, continues to grow and develop in the present, and lives not only for himself but for
other people in love and service.
The Human Person: A Conscious Being

Persons are endowed with intellectual and will. They think and choose their actions
freely. They have the ability to make decisions. They are aware of what is happening to
and around them.

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“Persons are conscious beings, aware of themselves in their outgoing acts. We possess
this self-awareness through our knowledge and free will. Thus, we “image”, in our small
way, the creator’s infinite knowing and loving. This is the basis for our moral life”.

Having self-awareness through knowing and free will becomes the basis for moral life.
Knowledge and freedom impute a person’s responsibility and accountability. Animals
and plants, through living beings, cannot be responsible and accountable for their
actions or processes because they do not possess the intellect and free will. Animals
may have brains for instinctive reactions but not intellect for more complex mental
processes.

St. Paul reminded the Romans to renew their mind: “ Do not comfort self this age but be
transformed by the renewal of your mind, that you may discern what is the will of God,
what is good and pleasing and perfect”(Romans 12:2)
To live a Christian moral life, persons who have the ability to discern, can be
aware and choose that which is pleasing to God.

ACTIVITY SHEETS
Q1: What makes a person truly human?
Q2: Comment on the saying below (50 words)
a. “Madaling maging tao, Mahirap magpakatao”
b. “No man is an Island”
Q3: let us discuss! Will those people who are unaware of their actions be held
accountable for them? Why?

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 LESSON 2 Human Person as a
Embodied Spirit
Historical Reality
Unique yet Fundamentality
Objectives  Explain the human person as embodied Spirit.
 Determine ways/ means to turn challenges into
opportunities.
 Explain the human person as unique yet fundamentally
equal.

Embodied Spirit
Person are Embodied spirits. They have Body and Soul. The Body and soul as make up
the human person. Our Bodies are an essential part of our being human, merely an
“instrument” that “we use” according to our whims. Contrary to those look down on the
body and make it a source of all evil, Christian faith regards the body as “Good and
Honorable since God. Has created it and will raise it up on the last day”. Moreover, God
the Son further dignified the body through his incarnation- “ the Word became flesh and
dwelt among us”
Manichaeism was a major religion founded by the Iranian prophet Mani which believes
that the body is source of evil. Such negative belief moves then to suppress their bodily
desires and urges. In contrary, the body is good and sacred. Its desires and urges. In
contrary, the body is good. Jesus Christ, who is holy, even became flesh. He assumed
a human body.
St. Paul admonishes everyone that the “body is a temple of the Holy Spirit, who is in
you, whom you have received from God… so glorify God in your body”. The body is
good and holy for God made it a dwelling place of the Holy Spirit.
Human Person: Historical Reality
History speaks of the past. It tells and gives the reason how the present came to be.
The church teaches that “we are Pilgrims on-the-way, who gradually, through
time, become our full selves. In exercising freedom, we decide for our selves and form
ourselves”
Christian come to understand themselves through the history of salvation
narrated in the Bible. It shows the interplay between good and bad, sin and forgiveness,
joy and sorrow, and success and failure.
St. Paul, in his letter to the Romans, said. “for whatever was written previously was
written for our instruction, that by endurance and by the encouragement of scriptures we
might have hope”. The past can teach the person many things about life in general, and
most especially, God’s presence and love for his people. With the life experiences of the

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people, their ups and downs, and their struggles and success, we can see and
experience God deep in our hearts.
Human Person: Unique yet Fundamentally Equal
Persons are unique yet fundamentally equal. As unique individuals, people differ in
many ways: physically, emotionally, intellectually, and morally. There are better in
playing basketball, while others in volleyball. Other people can paint, while others
cannot. However, no person is of greater dignity that the other despite their individual
capacities. Power, prestige, and possession do not add anything to one’s dignity.
His/her dignity comes from God, not from the word. All share the same human nature.
All are created in God’s image, redeemed by Christ and sanctified by the Holy Spirit.
Christ says, “Fear not, for I have redeemed you; I have called you by name, you are
mine”

Our faith explains: All men are endowed with a rational soul and are created in God’s
image; they have the same nature and origin, and being redeemed by Christ, they enjoy
the same divine calling and destiny; there is here a basic equality between all men”
This characteristics of a human person as equal calls for participation and solidarity with
other people. “Since God the father is the origin and purpose of all people, we are call to
be brothers”. As all are family. Everyone has as responsibility to make this world a
better place to live in.

ACTIVITY SHEETS
Q1: Let us Discuss!
a. What happens to the “body and soul” when one dies?
b. How can one learn from the past?
c. How do Human differences become an advantage if they turn to be roots
of conflicts and misunderstanding?

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 LESSON 3 THE HUMAN ACTS AND CHRISTIAN FAITH
Objectives  Differentiate human acts from acts of man
 Identify the effect of modifier of human act to its morality
 Correct the misconception about freedom
 Identify the hindrance in growing toward full selves and
becoming a child of God
 Discuss the different influences of Christian faith to moral life.

Human Acts- Voluntary action

Acts of Man- Involuntary action

Human Acts- can be referring to those activities by the human person. The constituents
of human acts are:
a. Deliberation- it means that the person has knowledge or awareness of the act.
Such knowledge can be expressed in verbal or nonverbal means.
b. Freedom- it means that person has the control over an act, whether to pursue it
or not.
c. Voluntariness- it means that the person who is free and aware of the acts to
happen.
Human acts can be:
a. Good, if the acts conform to the norms of morality (law and conscience);
b. Evil, if the acts do not conform to the norms of morality; or
c. Indifferent, if the acts are neither good nor evil, with the possibility to be either,
depending on the intention and circumstances.
Modifiers of Human Acts
The modifiers of human acts refer to those which affect the essential quality of
knowledge, freedom, and voluntariness.
Modifiers of human acts can lessen or increase the morality of the act, and so
with the culpability of the person (except for invincible ignorance).
Ignorance- Is the lock or absence of knowledge that ought to be present. It is also called
private knowledge. For example: “as a catholic, one is expected to know that Sunday is
a religious holiday of obligation. Ignorance of this is obligation is private. It is ought to be
there but is absent. However, there is that type of ignorance whereby the person can
totally be free from culpability. It is called invincible ignorance.”

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Concupiscence / Passion- refers to those bodily appetites or tendencies, like love,
hatred, grief, horror, hope, despair, courage, fear, or anger.
Fear- Through under passion, is worth mentioning for its effect to moral act. It refers to a
feeling or reaction to a danger or threat.
Violence- Is an external force applied by a person to compel another to perform an act
against his/ her will.
Habits- Refers to acts developed out of repetition and which facilities the performance of
an act in a certain manner.
Authentic Freedom
Authentic freedom is not “the right to say and do anything,” but to “do the good
The pillars of the freedom are “truth about Jesus the Savior, the truths about the
Church, and the truth

Freedom From and Freedom For

Liberation to true freedom means “first and foremost liberation from the radical slavery
of sin”
Authentic freedom is the freedom for growing as full persons and children of God,
sharing in the life of Christ our Liberator through his Spirit. It is the
Authentic Freedom has 2 aspects
Freedom From
Refers to anything that can hinder a person to true self-becoming.
Ex. Laziness to write notes during classes

Freedom For
For in him, we have communication with the “truth that makes us free.
Ex. Have a reviewer for quizzes and quarter exams

Christian Faith and Morality

 Christian faith influences by providing reasons for acting in a Christian
way.

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SUBJECT TEACHER SIR RENZ
  Christian faith influences by developing the attitudes and dispositions of
Christ to us.
 Christian faith influence by inspiring “Christ- like affections

ACTIVITY SHEETS
Activity 1
Read the statements in column A. write in column B the factor/s that hinder you to
live faithfully what is listed in column A. then, in column C, write the reason/s for
the need to overcome those hindrances in order to live a happy and peaceful life.

STATEMENTS HINDRANCES REASONS

To tell the truth

honestly to parents/
teachers

To study hard and do

school works

To forgive a person
who hurt you

Q1: Complete this Statement “I am Free When____________________________

LESSON 4 RESPONSES AND ESSENTIALS OF CHRISTIAN MORAL

LIVING
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SUBJECT TEACHER SIR RENZ
 Objectives  Explain the meaning of Discipleship, love, and Beatitudes
 To describe repentance being the primary condition to
follow Christ
 To identify the responses to the kingdom of God

Repentance
The repentance needed for the Kingdom demands a total personal conversion, a
change of life-style and of priorities.
Conversion cannot be merely a private, individualistic turning to God, but must
entail commitment to “social transformation”
Discipleship
Being a discipleship is losing one’s life of Christ for His sake and the Gospel. This
entails total self-giving to God and a call to love one’s neighbor.
Being a disciple means being a humble servant, one who desires the well-being
of the people, and proclaiming the kingdom of God.
Love
Christian moral life of love. This love springs from the love of God to his people.
3 Characteristics of love are:
a.) Forgiving
b.) Universal
c.) Necessary
2 directed effects of love are:
a.) Fellowship
b.) service
New Law
The New Law of the Kingdom of God is not an external show but a “quality of the
heart”.
The norm is “seek first the Kingdom of God and his righteousness and all [other]
things will be given besides”.

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SUBJECT TEACHER SIR RENZ
Beatitudes
Beatitudes picture for us the face of Christ in Sketching the vocation of every disciple of
Christ.
Beatitudes announce the blessings and reward already obscurely experienced by
faithful.
Response to God’s Kingdom
Respect for one another. Paul urges one to love one another and stop from being
haughty.
Solidarity refers to “the firm and persevering determination to commit oneself to
the good of all and of each individual because we are all really responsible for all.
Fidelity to God and to one another. It is to the faithful disciple that the joy of the
Kingdom is granted.
This fidelity demands watchfulness and prayer.

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 ACTIVITY SHEETS
Let’s Discuss
Q1: if love is all embracing, should I continue to love those who continue to hurt
me?
Q2: Is there a problem if one loves himself/herself before other people? Explain.

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SUBJECT TEACHER SIR RENZ
 LESSON 5 THE CHURCH, GRACE, AND SIN
Objectives  Explain the three functions of the Church in fostering a
Christian moral life
 Identify the importance of taking sin seriously
 Develop a sense of sin
 Discuss the meaning and implication of social sin
 Identify and describe each capital sin with biblical
foundation
 Point out the sacraments as a source of grace

The church and Christian moral living

Mission of the Church
• Active Agent in forming Christian Character- The Church plays the role in the
formation of the moral consciousness and character of her member.
• Bearer of Moral Tradition- the Church helps members gain sense of who they are
as Filipino Catholics through her moral tradition.
• Community of Deliberation- The Church provide directive/guidelines and moral
reasoning on many issues that beset the country.
Obstruction to the Kingdom of God
The dark forces… are active in the world, almost to the point of ruling it”
Sin
o Is “an utterance, a deed, or a desire contrary to the eternal law
o Is a product of man’s freedom
o Is refusing to follow conscience, rejecting God, self and others, and breaking
God’s loving Covenant with us.
Sense of sin
Moral life, then, requires that we recognize in ourselves the tendency to sin and
acknowledge ourselves as sinners when we have done evil
The sin of century is the loss of sense of sin
An authentic Christian “sense of sin is gradually being eroded due mainly to
religious ignorance and the consequent secularistic set of attitudes and values.
Three Dimension of Sins

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Sin as spiral, is like a virus that infects and pollutes our thinking and feeling, making us
slave of bad habit and negative attitude
Sin as sickness, weakens our will to cover it and temptation. It can further complicate
our sinful ways and leas us to more sins
Sin as an addiction, can make us powerless as it progressively becomes compulsive
and obsessive.
Sin can be committed not only by a person, but a group of persons. (social sin)
Seven capital sins
The seven capital sins are called “capital” which means “head” in Latin because it is
from then many sins spring from
Capital Sins are dispositions toward sin and separation from God.

Capital Sins Description

Pride Exalting oneself beyond what

is due and true.

Lust Disordered desire for, or

inordinate enjoyment of
sexual pleasure.

Wrath or Anger Destructive and aggressive

Gluttony Excessive indulgence in food

or drink

Envy Begrudging others’ talents

success, and wishing them
evil.

Greed/ Covetousness/ Desiring what belongs to

Avarice others, leading to dishonesty,
stealing and injustice

Sloth Laziness and scape from

exerting due effort

GOD’s grace

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Grace is God’s loving presence. It is the spirit within the person- guiding, strengthening,
protecting, and sanctifying.
The Spirit is:
1. Need from the start to obey the love commandment and
2. The goal of our loving namely, a deeper, fuller presence of God in us through the
holy spirit.
The Gifts of the Holy Spirit is a Spirit who:
1. Adopts us as children of the father
2. Enables us to love as Christ commanded;
3. Empowers us to bear witness to Christ and to know the truth;
4. Draws us into community unity and service; and
5. Inspires us to live a truly Christian life.
One can continuously receive and experience God’s loving presence through the
celebration of Sacraments
7 Sacraments
Sacraments of Initiation
Sacraments of Initiation offer entry points into Catholic practice. Originally celebrated
together, the three sacraments that make up this group are now performed at various
life stages depending on individuals and their particular house of worship.

Baptism
Baptism marks initiation into the Catholic church. During baptism, candidates are
immersed in water, or else water is poured on the head. They are then anointed with oil,
and the invocation of the Holy Trinity is spoken. Baptisms are usually reserved for
infants.

Confirmation
Confirmation expresses growth and learning within the Catholic faith and signifies a
“sealing” of an individual’s connection to the church. During a confirmation, the
candidate is once again anointed with oil, and liturgy is spoken. In the United States,
those receiving confirmation must be between the ages of 7 and 16.

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Eucharist
The Eucharist serves as an act of spiritual thanks and is considered the most important
sacrament of Catholic life. The ceremony consists of blessing and consuming bread and
wine, which embody the blood and body of Christ. The Eucharist is also known as the
Holy Sacrifice of the Mass.

Sacraments of Healing
When a Catholic commits a sin, the church considers it an act of separation from God
and Jesus Christ. The Sacraments of Healing provide an opportunity to reconnect with
the divine, both in their daily lives and during dire times of need.

Reconciliation
Also known as confession, the sacrament of reconciliation helps parishioners reconnect
with God. During the rite, individuals confess their sins to a priest, who then offers acts
of kindness or penance for them to perform so they may be forgiven. The priest then
offers absolution. Parishioners may take part in this rite as often as they like.

Anointing the Sick

Anointing the sick is a sacrament designed to help relieve suffering and to comfort those
in substantial need. The rite consists of anointing individuals with holy oil and offering
prayers. Once reserved only for the dying, the sacrament of anointing the sick is now
also given to the seriously ill, injured and the elderly.

Sacraments of Service
Sacraments of Service provide a path for Catholics to serve others in their community.

Holy Orders
Holy Orders refers to leadership within the church. Those who perform this sacrament
become deacons, priests and bishops, and they are responsible for preaching,
counseling and otherwise spiritually guiding their communities. Although this sacrament
is considered ongoing, a ceremony called the Rite of Ordination signifies its start and is
marked by prayer, song and anointment.
Marriage

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Also considered an ongoing sacrament, marriage provides an opportunity for two
individuals to celebrate their love and commitment to one another. Elements such as
their wedding rings and vows are exchanged as a sign of the sacrament. Once united,
their home is deemed a domestic church. They may then use their union in the service
of loving others.

ACTIVITY SHEETS
Let’s Discuss
1. What would Possibility happen to people’s sense of morality if the
Church is silent and different to the moral issues in the country?
2. Why can’t God wipe out the dark forces so that people do not fall into
sin?

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