GE1

CONFUCIANISM- It can be seen as a code of ethical conduct, of how one should properly act
according to their relationship with other people. •Focused on having a harmonious social life.

SELF-CULTIVATION- It is seen as the ultimate purpose of life but the characteristics of a CHUN
TZU, a man of virtue or noble character, is still embedded in his social relationship.

The CULTIVATED SELF in Confucianism is what some scholars call a “ SUBDUED SELF ”
wherein personal needs are repressed for the good of many. many.

TAOISM -It is living in the way of the Tao or the universe.

•It rejects having one definition of what the Tao is, and one can only state clues of what it is as
they adopt a free- flowing, relative, unitary as well as paradoxical view of almost everything. •It
rejects the hierarchy and strictness

BUDDHISM- The self is seen as an illusion, born out of ignorance, of trying to hold and control
things or human-centered needs.
•The self is also the source of all these sufferings.

Confucianism and Taoism still situate the self within a bigger context.

Buddhism, the self, with all its connections and selfish ideas, is taken not just out of the center

WESTERN VS EASTERN WESTERN PERSPECTIVE -does not discount the role of

environment and society in the formation of the self -looks at the world dualities wherein you are
distinct from the other person.

EASTERN PERSPECTIVE -sees the other person as a part of yourself as well as the things you
may create, a drama in which everyone is interconnected with their specific roles

WESTERN CULTURE- is what we would call an individualistic culture since their focus is on the
person.

ASIAN CULTURE- is called a collectivistic culture as the group and social relations that is given
more importance than individual needs and wants.

In Valuing individual
-in terms of competition
-in terms of equality

Westerners- they value equality “Everyone is on their own competition”

Asians- they are collectivistic -in terms of name calling
CONFLICT- is inevitable in diversity, peace is also possible through the understanding of where
each of us is coming

(Unpacking the Self)

The Scheme of Self Image Hierarchy by Shavelson

•ACADEMIC SELF
•NONACADEMIC SELF
•SOCIAL SELF
•EMOTIONAL SELF
•PHYSICAL SELF

SHAVELSON described the total self or general self as being made up of ACADEMIC SELF and
NONACADEMIC SELF.

✓ Academic self -is influenced by the learning process and the individual's emotions, behavior,
and experiences during the learning process.

✓ Nonacademic self- is shaped by an individual's social self, emotional self, and physical self.

✓ Social self -is greatly influenced by parents, colleagues, friends, and acquaintances among
others.

✓ Emotional self- is the person's experiences of joy, anger, fear, anxiety, and other emotions.

✓ Physical self- is affected by involvement sports, exercise, and other activities that enhance
the
physical body.

The Scheme of Physical Self Perception’s Structure

✓ K. R. Fox -emphasized the factors that encompass physical self-esteem, which include sport
competence, attractive body, physical power, and physical condition, and how they actually
shape the global self-esteem.

✓ Physical self -is the amazing vessel, complex, woven and knitted, finely tuned creature with
which we interact with our environment and fellow beings. The physical self is the concrete
dimension, the tangible aspect of the person that can be directly observed and examined.

✓ Sigmund Freud's -concept of self and personality makes the physical body the core of human
experience. Freud stated that ego is first and foremost a body ego.

✓ Wilhelm Reich -emphasized the unity of the mind and body.

✓ The body -is central to all dynamic psychological functioning and it plays a very important
role in storing and channeling the bioenergy, which is considered as the basis of human
existence and experience.

✓ Erik Erikson- considered experience as firmly associated on the ground-plan of the body. He
stated that organs of the body are essential during the early developmental stages of a person.
Erikson also highlighted the incessant interplay of the body, psychological processes, and social
forces.

✓ Abraham Maslow -provided a very important lesson about our physical bodies when he laid
down Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Taking Care of our Physical Body

The PHYSICAL SELF has been considered as the "real home," "temple," or "vehicle." It is the
only one that we have throughout our entire lives and is also the one most intimate to us.

SELF CARE-is the intentional, planned, and actual act of taking the time to attend to our basic
physical, mental, and emotional needs

Self-care occurs in three levels

•PHYSICAL •MENTAL •EMOTIONAL

Physical Self Care

There are THREE basic aspects of physical self-care, and these include
• good nutrition,
•sufficient amount of recovery time (rest and sleep), and
•necessary exercise.

Others might have other ways to care for the body depending on the specific need and
preferences, like breathing exercises, massages, long baths, saunas, physiotherapy, biking,
hiking, skin care, and more.

Mental Self-Care
✓ Mental self-care is a two-fold process, according to Brzosko.

✓ The FIRST STEP is taking time to consistently break down what you are thinking and why
you are thinking that, because the moment you manage to notice your thoughts, they will not
have the power to direct your life without you even noticing.

✓ The SECOND STEPis to cultivate those mental habits and thoughts that benefit us.
Mental Self-Care Other tips for Improving our Mental Habits suggested by Brzosko:
1. Focus your attention on the present moment.
2. Practice gratitude.
3. Exercise patience.
4. Learn to accept what is already happening.

Emotional Self-Care

Michael Brown- stated that all emotions are essentially "energy in motion. "They are not good
nor bad. They are just energy.

Desired-for the positive emotions.

Unwanted-for the negative ones.