REVIEWER IN GEN 002 (8-11)

PERSONALITY
• Sum of activities that can be discovered by actual observation over a long period of
time to give reliable information
• Pattern of relatively permanent traits and characteristics
DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY
1. Biological Factors
2. Psychological Factors
3. Socio-economic Factors
BIOLOGICAL FACTORS
• “Internal factors”
• Focus on the role of genetics and the brain in sharping personality
• Focuses on why or how personality traits manifest through biology, and
investigates the links between personality, DNA, and processes in the brain
EFFECTS OF BIOLOGICAL FACTOR
• Temperament – personality tendency that we show at birth manual skills,
intelligence, and sensory discriminations – directly affected by heredity
• Mental characteristics, brain disorders
• Gender – hormones or chromosomes
• Endocrine system – pancreas, thyroid gland, pituitary gland
• Physical features – height, color, health
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
• “emotions and behaviors”
• Motives, interest, attitudes, willpower, intelligence, reasoning capacities,
perception, imagination, and a level of understanding
EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
• Person with strong will power can make a quick decision which is needed for better
judgement
• You’re emotional when it comes to drama movies
SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS
• “quality of life in a society”
• Education, income, social status and occupation
EFFECTS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS
• Socialization, knowledge skill and language are acquired by a person from the
environment
• “your family defines you as well as your peers”
• Lifestyle that we have, the food we eat
• “how much is your daily allowance?”
PERSONAL SELF
▪ Refers to the body that includes basic parts such as head, neck, arms, and legs
▪ Made up other organs such as the brain, heart, lungs, stomach, intestines, and
muscles
PERSONAL SELF- CONCEPT
 Individual's perception of themselves in areas of physical ability and
appearance
 Physical ability – physical strength and endurance
 Appearance – attractiveness
BODY IMAGE
• How you view your physical self — including whether you feel you are attractive
and whether others like your looks
SELF-ESTEEM
• How you value and respect yourself as a person
• How you take care of yourself, emotionally, physically and spiritually
Body image and self-esteem directly influence one another. When you have
health body image, you feel comfortable about your body and know how to
care for it
ADOLESCENCE
• “crucial part of changes in once life”
• Stage where we experience a lot of changes from physical to emotional to social
10 STEPS TO POSITIVE BODY IMAGE
1. appreciate all your body can do
2. keep a top-ten list of things you like about yourself
3. remind yourself that ―true beauty‖ is not simply skin-deep
4. look at yourself as a whole person.
5. surround yourself with positive people
6. shut down those voices in your head that tell you your body is not ―right or that
you are a ―bad person
7. wear clothes that are comfortable and that make you feel good about your body
8. become a critical viewer of social and media messages
9. do something nice for yourself
10. use the time and energy that you might have spent worrying about food, calories,
and your weight to do something to help others
MATERIAL SELF
▪ signify aspects of one's sense of self and identity
▪ one's sense of self and identity is influential on how an individual chooses to
purchase his or her wants and he or she makes economic decisions that will address
his or her personal and social needs
QUOTE BY WILLIAM JAMES
“..sum total of all he call his, not only his body psychic powers, but his clothes
andhis house, his wife and children...”
“...if they wax and prosper, he feels triumphant ; if they dwindle and die away, he
feelscast down – not necessarily in the same degree for each thing, but in much the
same way for all...”
CATEGORIES OF MATERIAL / ECONOMIC SELF
1. The Bodily Parts
• parts of our body
• is there a difference between my or mine?
2. Extracorporeal / External Self
• any material possessions which extends us
• serve as symbolic functions – express who we are and how we want to be
considered
a. Individual – personal possessions
b. Family – residence and furnishings
c. Community – neighborhood or town you live
d. Group – social or other groups
COMPOSITION OF MATERIAL / ECONOMIC SELF
 body– we are directly attach to it so we invest for it and we value certainparts
of our body because we use it for every day lives
 clothes– what we wear bring sensations to the body that can affect our
behavior
 immediate family– first school for ourselves, taught us right from wrong ; we
can add our pets to us part of it
 home – earliest nest of our selfhood
SELF-CONCEPT IN CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
• how one perceives himself and his behavior in the market place
• what one thinks of himself
1. Actual self - how a person actually perceives himself
2. Ideal self - how a person would like to perceive himself
3. Social self - how a person thinks others perceive him
4. Ideal social self - how a person would like others to perceive him
5. Expected self - an image of self somewhere in between the actual and ideal self
6. Situational self - a person’s self image in a specific situation
SPIRITUAL SELF
• "a persistent sense of self that addresses ultimate questions about the nature,
purpose, and meaning of life, resulting in behaviors that are consonant with the
individual's core values”
• you in your most beautiful and powerful form
ROLE OF THE SPIRITUAL SELF
1. provides a super-sensory overview of the entire mind-body-emotion connection
2. focuses attention upon the inner worlds of creativity and potentials
3. increases awareness of our inner and outer selves
4. cooperates with the limbic system
5. compassion
6. altruism
RELIGIOUS VIEW ON SELF
1. Christianity
− sees the self negatively, distorted through sin
− each human self or spirit is a unique creation by God
2. Buddhism
− sees self as an illusion that serves as the main cause of suffering and unhappiness
3. Islam
− sees self (nafs) as the “ego” - consider to be the lowest dimension of a person's
inward existence - his animal and satanic nature
− goes through different stages to attain its pure self