SWE-351

WATERSHED PLANNING &

MANAGEMENT
 Course Outcome
At the end of the course students shall be
acquaint about the preparation of the detail
report of the problems and causes related to
water, land, vegetation and social aspects of
specific area and their remedies through
watershed planning and management.
 Watershed
• Watershed is a geographical area that
contributes its surface runoff to a single point,
that is known as its outlet.
 Management
• It is the art and science of managing resources of the business.

• Management includes the activities of setting the strategy of an

organization and coordinating the efforts of its employees (or of
volunteers) to accomplish its objectives through the application of
available resources, such as financial, natural, technological,
and human resources.

• The term "management" may also refer to those people who

manage an organization—managers.
Planning

• Planning is deciding in advance what to do,

how to do it, when to do it, and who should
do it.
• This bridges the gap from where the
organization is to where it wants to be.
• The planning function involves establishing
goals and arranging them in logical order.
 Why Watershed Management ?
• Development unit?
– State
– District
– Development Block
– Village
• Water conflict
– Farakka Barrage
• When India commissioned the Farakka Barrage (just
upstream of the India–Bangladesh Border) on the Ganges in
1975, the dry season flow into Bangladesh reduced
significantly. This eventually resulted in a dispute over the
sharing of the dry season flow between the two countries
• Cauvery River Conflict
– The sharing of waters of the Cauvery river has
been the source of a serious conflict between the
two Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.
The genesis of this conflict rests in two
agreements in 1892 and 1924 between
the Madras Presidency and Kingdom of Mysore.
The 802 kilometres (498 mi) Kaveri river has
44,000 km2 basin area in Tamil Nadu and
32,000 km2 basin area in Karnataka.[1] The inflow
from Karnataka is 425 TMC whereas that from
Tamil Nadu is 252 TMC.[2]
Basic Natural Resources
• Air
• Soil
• Vegetation
• Water
You can manage only if you can
measure or estimate
 Course Outline
I. Watershed - introduction and characteristics.
Watershed development - problems and
prospects, investigation, topographical survey,
soil characteristics, vegetative cover, present
land use practices and socio-economic factors.

II. Watershed management - concept, objectives,

factors affecting, watershed planning based on
land capability classes, hydrologic data for
watershed planning, watershed codification,
delineation and prioritization of watersheds –
sediment yield index.
 Course outline………continue…

III. Water budgeting in a watershed. Management

measures - rainwater conservation technologies - in-
situ and ex-situ storage, water harvesting and
recycling. Dry farming techniques - inter-terrace and
inter-bund land management. Integrated watershed
management - concept, components.
IV. Watershed programme - execution, follow-up
practices, maintenance, monitoring and evaluation.
Participatory watershed management - role of
watershed associations, user groups and self-help
groups. Planning and formulation of project proposal
for watershed management programme including
cost-benefit analysis.
Suggested Readings-
• Ghanshyam Das. 2008. Hydrology and Soil Conservation
Engineering: Including Watershed Management. 2nd
Edition, Prentice-Hall of India Learning Pvt. Ltd., New
Delhi.
• Katyal, J.C., R.P. Singh, Shriniwas Sharma, S.K. Das,
M.V. Padmanabhan and P.K. Mishra.1995. Field Manual
on Watershed Management. CRIDA, Hyderabad.
• Mahnot, S.C. 2014. Soil and Water Conservation and
Watershed Management. International Books and
Periodicals Supply Service. New Delhi.
• Sharda, V.N., A.K. Sikka and G.P. Juyal. 2006.
Participatory Integrated Watershed Management: A Field
Manual. Central Soil and Water Conservation Research
and Training Institute, Dehradun.
Suggested Readings-

• Singh, G.D. and T.C. Poonia. 2003. Fundamentals

of Watershed Management Technology. Yash
Publishing House, Bikaner.
• Singh, P.K. 2000. Watershed Management:
Design and Practices. E-media Publications,
Udaipur.
• Singh, R.V. 2000. Watershed Planning and
Management. Yash Publishing House, Bikaner.
• Tideman,E.M. 1999. Watershed Management:
Guidelines for Indian Conditions. Omega
Scientific Publishers, New Delhi.