Science Revision G 7

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. During a science experiment, a student dropped a metal ball from a height of 150 m. The graph shows the
distance the metal ball traveled from its initial position to where it hit the ground.

What information does the graph give you about the speed of the metal ball over time?

A. The ball travels at a constant speed.

B. The speed of the ball increases over time.
C. The speed of the ball decreases over time.
D. The speed of the ball increases at first, and then decreases as time increases.
____ 2. In a swimming race, Miho swam the first 50 m in 42 s. She swam the second 50 m in 40 s. What was Miho’s
average speed during the race?

A. 0.82 m/s
B. 1.19 m/s
C. 1.22 m/s
D. 1.25 m/s
____ 3. An athlete is running a 5-km race at an average speed of 8 km/h. She has to stop to tie her shoe. After tying
her shoe, she continues running at 8 km/h. Why would her average speed for the entire race be less than 8
km/h?

A. The total distance she traveled was longer than 5 km.

B. The total distance she traveled was shorter than 5 km.
C. The total time she took to complete the race increased because she stopped.
D. The total time she took to complete the race decreased because she stopped..

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____ 4. The graph below shows the distance a car traveled in 5 seconds while moving on a freeway.

What was the car’s average speed?

A. 0 m/s
B. 14 m/s
C. 28 m/s
D. 30 m/s
____ 5. Which of the following is a definition of motion?

A. a change in position over time

B. the speed and direction of an object
C. the length of the path between points
D. a location compared to other locations
____ 6. Joanna’s family drove 360 km on a trip. The graph below represents their motion.

What was the average speed during the last 3 h of the trip?

A. 45 km/h
B. 60 km/h
C. 120 km/h
D. 180 km/h
____ 7. Three runners compete in a 400-m race on an oval-shaped running track. At a certain time, one runner is 15 m
behind the finish line. Which term describes the finish line?

A. total distance
B. relative motion
C. reference point
D. change in position

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____ 8. A student allowed four different objects to roll down a ramp. He measured the distance each object rolled and
the time until each object came to a stop. He plotted each point and connected it with a line from origin of the
graph.

Which object had the greatest average speed?

A. object A
B. object B
C. object C
D. object D
____ 9. Montez read that bobcats can reach speeds of up to 30 mi/h. What does the speed of a bobcat indicate?

A. the time it takes to reach its maximum speed

B. the total amount of time it travels in one direction
C. the distance it travels to move between two points
D. the distance it can travel in a certain amount of time
____ 10. Which of the following would best be measured in kilometers?

A. the height a golf ball travels into the air

B. the distance a snail moves each second
C. the length between two walls of a room
D. the distance a plane travels during a flight

____ 11. Katrina rode her bicycle to the library. The following graph shows part of Katrina’s ride after she started.

What was Katrina’s acceleration during the time represented on the graph?

A. The acceleration was zero.

B. The acceleration was 10 m/s.
C. The acceleration was 10 m/s2.
D. The acceleration was 3.3 m/s2.

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____ 12. Which of the following is an example of an acceleration vector?

A. 5 m/s
B. 5 m/s2
C. 5 m/s2 south
D. 5 m/s south
____ 13. How can you find the average acceleration of an object?

A. Multiply its mass by its speed.

B. Divide its distance by the time it took to travel that distance.
C. Subtract the final position from the initial position and multiply by change in time.
D. Subtract the initial velocity from the final velocity and then divide by the change in time.
____ 14. Elizabeth is a wildlife biologist. She traveled by boat in the Everglades to observe alligators. The following
graphs show the motion of her boat at several times during the trip.

Which graph shows her boat traveling when it is not accelerating?

A. graph A
B. graph B
C. graph C
D. graph D
____ 15. Which is an example of centripetal acceleration?

A. an object at rest
B. an object moving in a circle at 20 m/s
C. an object moving at 20 m/s backward, then 20 m/s to the right
D. an object moving in a straight line at a steady speed of 20 m/s forward
____ 16. Which of the following describes an object moving in a circle steadily?

A. change in speed only

B. change in direction only
C. no change in speed or direction
D. change in speed and change in direction
____ 17. Which scenario does not describe an example of acceleration?

A. A car increases its speed while turning to the left.

B. A car decreases its speed while driving straight ahead.
C. A car maintains a constant speed while turning to the right.
D. A car maintains a constant speed while driving straight ahead

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____ 18. A box of books is on the floor. The following picture shows a push and a pull acting on the box.

What is the net force toward the right on the box?

A. 0N
B. 50 N
C. 100 N
D. 2,500 N
____ 19. Jessica has two balls. One ball has a mass of 1 kg. The other ball has a mass of 2 kg. She pushes each with a
force of 100 N. How does the acceleration of the two balls compare?

A. The 1-kg ball accelerates the same as the 2-kg ball.

B. The 1-kg ball accelerates half as much as the 2-kg ball.
C. The 1-kg ball accelerates twice as much as the 2-kg ball.
D. The 1-kg ball accelerates four times as much as the 2-kg ball.
____ 20. The following picture shows forces acting on a sneaker.

If the sneaker remains motionless, which statement is true?

A. F and Ffriction have equal strength.

B. Ffriction has greater strength than F.
C. F, Ffriction, Fgravity, and Ftable all have exactly the same strength.
D. Ftable and Ffriction have the same strength, and F and Fgravity have the same strength.
____ 21. A moving object collides with a stationary object. Which of the following statements is true according to
Newton’s third law of motion?

A. Each object exerts a force on the other, and the two forces are equal and in opposite
directions.
B. Each object exerts a force on the other, and the two forces are the same in magnitude and
direction.
C. Each object exerts a force on the other, and the two forces are proportional to the masses
of the objects.
D. The moving object exerts a force on the stationary object, but the stationary object does
not exert a force on the moving object.

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____ 22. A soccer player kicks a ball. According to Newton’s third law of motion, the player’s foot exerts a force on
the ball. The ball exerts a force on the foot. Why don’t the forces cancel out to result in a net force of zero?

A. The ball moves before the forces can cancel out.

B. The forces become unbalanced due to air resistance.
C. The force on the ball is greater than the force on the foot.
D. The forces are exerted on different objects so they are not balanced forces.
____ 23. What is true of an object that is in free fall?

A. No forces are acting on it.

B. Only the force of gravity is accelerating it.
C. The forces of thrust and gravity balance one another.
D. The forces of air resistance and gravity balance one another.
____ 24. Two objects have a certain gravitational force between them. What would happen if the mass of one of the
objects suddenly increased?

A. The mass of the other object would increase.

B. The distance between the objects would increase.
C. The gravitational force of the objects would remain constant.
D. The gravitational force between the two objects would increase.
____ 25. The following picture shows an object resting on a balance.

The weight of an object is given by F = mg, where g = 9.8 m/s2. With what force does the object push down
on the balance?

A. 0.500 kg·m/s2
B. 4.90 kg·m/s2
C. 9.3 kg·m/s2
D. 9.8 kg·m/s2
____ 26. Which statement about the universality of gravity is untrue?

A. The gravitational force between two objects depends only on their masses.
B. The gravitational force between two objects increases if the mass of one object increases.
C. The gravitational force between two objects increases if the distance between the objects
decreases.
D. Any two objects that have mass also have a force of gravity acting between them, no
matter how far apart they are.

____ 27. The dotted lines in the following picture show orbital paths of objects.
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 Which object orbits object E?

A. object A
B. object B
C. object C
D. object D
____ 28. The following objects are placed 1 meter apart.

Which of the following is true of this scenario?

A. The gravitational force between the two objects is very strong because they are so close
together.
B. The gravitational force between the two objects is very weak because their masses are so
small.
C. No gravitational force exists between the two objects because they are not touching.
D. No gravitational force exists between the two objects because their masses are so small.
____ 29. Which of the following would exert the greatest gravitational force on a body?

A. a bar magnet
B. a molecule
C. a person
D. a planet
____ 30. The law of universal gravitation says all bodies attract each other. If you drop a cup, it falls to Earth. Why
doesn’t the gravitational attraction between your hand and the cup keep the cup from falling?

A. The law of universal gravitation only applies to planets in space.

B. There is a gravitational attraction between you and the cup, but Earth’s gravity is stronger,
so Earth’s gravity pulls the cup down.
C. The gravitational attraction between you and the cup is so strong that the force pushes the
cup down.
D. There is no gravitational attraction between you and the cup, so Earth’s gravity pulls the
cup down.

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____ 31. The diagram below shows a satellite in orbit around Earth. It is orbiting in the direction shown and is pulled
toward Earth by gravity.

What would happen if Earth’s gravity suddenly disappeared?

A. The satellite would continue to orbit Earth.

B. The satellite would fall to Earth.
C. The satellite would move into space in a straight line.
D. The satellite would stop moving.
____ 32. A fluid exerts 500 N of force over an area that measures 0.5 m 2. What is the pressure by exerted the fluid?

A. 250 Pa
B. 750 Pa
C. 1,000 Pa
D. 2,000 Pa
____ 33. Which of the following is air that moves from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure?

A. rain
B. wind
C. snow
D. clouds
____ 34. A buoyant force allows a whale to float in ocean water. Which phenomenon causes the buoyant force?

A. Pressure increases as ocean depth increases.

B. Air above the ocean exerts a force on the water.
C. The temperature of ocean water decreases with depth.
D. The whale displaces a volume of water equal to its own volume.
____ 35. A weather forecaster is determining the air pressure in order to describe the weather conditions. What
characteristic of air is the weather forecaster analyzing?

A. how warm or cold the air is

B. the force it exerts on a given area
C. the amount of space between individual particles
D. how quickly the air is moving from one region to another

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____ 36. Which of the following substances is not a fluid?

A. air
B. iron
C. water
D. helium gas
____ 37. A hiker is climbing a tall mountain. How will atmospheric pressure at the top of the mountain compare to the
atmospheric pressure at the bottom of the mountain?

A. The pressure is unaffected by elevation so it will be the same at the top and bottom of the
mountain.
B. The pressure decreases with elevation so it will be lower at the top of the mountain than at
the bottom.
C. The pressure increases with elevation so it will be greater at the top of the mountain than
at the bottom.
D. The pressure is zero at the bottom of the mountain and the same as the elevation at the top
of the mountain.
____ 38. Which equation correctly describes the relationship between pressure, force, and area?

A. pressure = force/area
B. force = pressure/area
C. pressure – area = force
D. pressure = force  area
____ 39. Why does a helium-filled balloon expand as it rises into the atmosphere?

A. Helium particles become larger as they rise.

B. Atmospheric pressure decreases with altitude.
C. Air becomes more dense higher in the atmosphere.
D. The pressure of the gas inside the balloon increases as it rises.
____ 40. Which example results from a difference in fluid pressure?

A. A child drinks milk through a straw.

B. A volleyball player hits a ball over a net.
C. An ice skater moves backward after pushing on a wall.
D. An orange falls down from the tree branch on which it was growing.
____ 41. What term describes the energy that is stored due to the height of an object from the ground?

A. kinetic energy
B. chemical energy
C. mechanical energy
D. gravitational potential energy

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____ 42. The following table shows information about three different objects sitting on a bookshelf. Some data are
missing from the table.

Mass Height Acceleration due to

Gravity
Object 1 4 kg 3m 9.8 m/s
Object 2 6 kg 9.8 m/s
Object 3 2m 9.8 m/s

What is the gravitational potential energy of object 1?

A. 7.35 J
B. 117.6 J
C. 176.4 J
D. 196 J
____ 43. Three rocks are rolling down a hill at the same speed. Rock 1 has a mass of 1 kg; rock 2 has a mass of 1.5 kg,
and rock 3 has a mass of 3 kg. Which rock has the most kinetic energy?

A. rock 1
B. rock 2
C. rock 3
D. all three rocks have the same kinetic energy
____ 44. How is mechanical energy calculated?

A. by adding potential energy and kinetic energy

B. by subtracting potential energy from kinetic energy
C. by multiplying potential energy and kinetic energy
D. by dividing potential energy by kinetic energy
____ 45. The following table shows information about three different objects sitting on a bookshelf. Some data are
missing from the table.

Mass Height Acceleration due

to Gravity
Object 1 4 kg 3m 9.8 m/s
Object 2 6 kg 9.8 m/s
Object 3 2m 9.8 m/s

If object 3 has a gravitational potential energy of 196 J, what is its mass?

A. 10 kg
B. 196 J
C. 1.0 kg
D. 0.10 kg

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____ 46. The following table shows information about three different objects sitting on a bookshelf. Some data are
missing from the table.

Mass Height Acceleration due

to Gravity
Object 1 4 kg 3m 9.8 m/s
Object 2 6 kg 9.8 m/s
Object 3 2m 9.8 m/s

If object 2 has a height of 3 m, what is its gravitational potential energy?

A. 176.4 J
B. 117.6 J
C. 58.8 J
D. 29.4 J
____ 47. A child has a mass of 35 kg and a kinetic energy of 157.5 J. What is the speed of the child?

A. 2 m/s
B. 2.5 m/s
C. 3 m/s
D. There is not enough information to determine the speed of the child.
____ 48. A child pushes a toy car down a hill. After 5 seconds, the car has a kinetic energy of 115 J and a gravitational
potential energy of 30 J. What is the car’s mechanical energy at that time?

A. 3.9 J
B. 85 J
C. 115 J
D. 145 J
____ 49. Which of the following is an example of the conversion of kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy?

A. a person parachuting out of an airplane

B. a car racing around an oval track
C. a person skiing down a hill
D. a person walking up a hill

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____ 50. The diagram below shows a swinging pendulum. During every swing, the pendulum’s speed and position
change. Three positions during the swing are identified as Position 1, Position 2, and Position 3.

Ignoring the effects of friction or air resistance, at which point would the pendulum have the greatest amount
of mechanical energy?

A. Position 1
B. Position 2
C. Position 3
D. Mechanical energy does not change.
____ 51. All moving objects have kinetic energy. The four vehicles in the diagram below are all moving at the same
speed along a road.

Which of the following statements is correct?

A. The motorcycle has the most kinetic energy because it is the vehicle with the least mass.
B. All the vehicles have the same kinetic energy because they are moving at the same speed.
C. The delivery truck has the greatest kinetic energy because its mass is greater than that of
the other vehicles.
D. The delivery truck has the greatest kinetic energy because it has the most tires in contact
with the pavement.

____ 52. A boy is riding a skateboard. Why does the skateboard have the ability to do work?

A. because it can slow down

B. because it can change direction
C. because the force applied by the rider acts in the same direction as the motion of the
skateboard
D. because the force applied by the rider acts in the opposite direction as the motion of the
skateboard
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____ 53. Consider the following two situations:
1. A girl kicks a ball across a field.
2. A boy holds a suitcase by his side.
Which of the following responses is correct about the two situations?

A. Work is done is both situations.

B. No work is done in either situation.
C. Work is done in the first situation, but not the second.
D. Work is done in the second situation, but not the first.
____ 54. The table shows different forces and distances that employees in a factory used to lift boxes.

Force Distance
Employee
(N) (m)
Ayanna 24 1.5
Rafael 18 2.5
Cassie 25 1.0
Michael 16 2.0

Which employee did the most work while lifting boxes?

A. Cassie
B. Rafael
C. Ayanna
D. Michael
____ 55. Which of the following describes a transfer of energy through work?

A. A student carries a heavy backpack one km.

B. A laboratory burner is used to heat 250 mL of water to boiling.
C. A woman pushes a luggage cart in an airport over a distance of 100 m.
D. A man pushes on a large piece of furniture for 15 min, but it does not move.
____ 56. A lightbulb uses 2,000 J of energy in 1 min and 20 s. What is the power of the lightbulb?

A. 25 W
B. 50 W
C. 60 W
D. 100 W

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____ 57. A student is planning a camping trip and wants to take a few electronic devices along. Her flexible portable
solar panel converts electromagnetic energy from the sun into electrical energy at a rate of 21,600 J/h. Which
devices could she charge with it at one time?

Device Power Needed

Cell phone charger 2W
PDA charger 5W
AA/AAA battery charger 7W

A. all three devices

B. the AA/AAA battery charger
C. both the cell phone charger and the PDA charger together
D. the PDA charger or the cell phone charger separately, but not both together
____ 58. A girl uses 60 J of energy to move a box from the floor to a shelf. How much power does she use if it takes
her 3 s to move the box?

A. 15 W
B. 20 W
C. 90 W
D. 180 W
____ 59. A girl uses 60 J of energy to move a box from the floor to a shelf. If she uses 20 W of power to move the box,
how many seconds did it take her to move the box?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 30
D. 120
____ 60. Energy is the ability to do work. In which of these examples does using energy cause work to be done?

A. A girl kicks a ball across a field.

B. A boy holds a suitcase by his side.
C. A pitcher holds a ball in his glove.
D. A woman reads instructions for assembling her bicycle.

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Short Answer
1. Ahmed is trying to push a box of sports equipment across the floor. The arrow on the box is a vector
representing the force that Ahmed exerts.

What are the forces acting upon the box?

2. Describe the law of universal gravity.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

Upon what two factors does the magnitude of the gravitational force between two objects depend?

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

3. Describe the proportional relationships between the gravitational force and mass and distance.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

a) A bicycle starts moving from rest up to 300 m/s in 5sec. Calculate its acceleration.
___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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Q 1Write the word that complete the sentence

a contact force net force Inertia Unbalanced forces

1 . The………….. is the combination of all the forces acting on an object.

.produce a change in an object’s motion ..………………2

3. ………………. is the tendency of all objects to resist any change in motion.

Friction is an example of …………..between two surfaces .4

distance masses orbit Free fall

1 . An object is in………. when it travels around another object in space

2…………. is when gravity is pulling an object down and no other forces

are acting on it.

3. Gravitational force between two objects increases as their increase

4. Gravitational force between two objects increases as …………….the

between their centres decreases

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